In the notes below, the reference numbers denote page and line of the hardcover edition (the line count includes headings but not blank lines). For further information about the authors in this volume and women’s SF during this period, along with references to other studies, see Brian Attebery, Decoding Gender in Science Fiction (2002); Eric Leif Davin, Partners in Wonder: Women and the Birth of Science Fiction, 1926–1965 (2005); Jane Donawerth, Frankenstein’s Daughters: Women Writing Science Fiction (1997); Justine Larbalestier, The Battle of the Sexes in Science Fiction (2002), and Daughters of Earth: Feminist Science Fiction in the Twentieth Century (2006); Helen Merrick, The Secret Feminist Cabal: A Cultural History of Science Fiction Feminisms (2010); Robin Roberts, A New Species: Gender and Science in Science Fiction (1993); Lisa Yaszek, Galactic Suburbia: Recovering Women’s Science Fiction (2008); and Lisa Yaszek and Patrick B. Sharp, eds., Sisters of Tomorrow: The First Women of Science Fiction (2016).
9.6 television] The first television broadcast experiments were taking place in both Europe and the United States around the time “The Miracle of the Lily” was published in Hugo Gernsback’s Amazing Stories in April 1928; Gernsback himself began regular “radio television” broadcasts from his New York radio station WRNY in August 1928.
19.27 Ex Terreno] Latin: from the earth.
25.1 the nine planets] Pluto became the ninth planet of the solar system on its discovery in February 1930, just over a year before Stone published “The Conquest of Gola.” (It was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006, after scientists discovered other objects of similar size in the Kuiper belt.)
89.6 Oak Ridge] Tennessee city established in 1942 as headquarters for the Manhattan Project, responsible for atomic bomb development; it housed a pilot plutonium reactor and uranium enrichment plants.
94.13 WACs] Members of the Women’s Army Corps, created as an auxiliary branch of the U.S. Army in 1942 and disbanded in 1978 when women soldiers were integrated into the regular military.
105.12 the ink-pool in the Kipling stories,”] See Kipling’s “The Finest Story in the World,” first published in the Contemporary Review in July 1891.
119.19 Macaulay] Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800–1859), British historian and politician often described as a child prodigy.
140.19 in ‘Through the Looking Glass,’] Like Tim’s story, Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There (1872) dramatizes a game of chess.
163.26–27 Deerslayer, John Clayton, Lord Greystoke] Deerslayer (also known as Natty Bumppo) is the hero of James Fenimore Cooper’s five-volume Leatherstocking Tales series (The Pioneers, 1823; The Last of the Mohicans, 1826; The Prairie, 1827; The Pathfinder, 1840; The Deerslayer, 1841); John Clayton, Lord Greystoke (also known as Tarzan), first appeared in Edgar Rice Burroughs’s novel Tarzan of the Apes (1914).
197.2 Ararat] In the Old Testament, Noah’s ark comes to rest “on the mountains of Ararat” after the great flood (see Genesis 8:4).
206.5 Pan] In Greek mythology, a bestial nature god associated with fertility and usually depicted as part man, part goat.
321.29 Neo-Helots] The helots were a class of serfs or slaves in ancient Sparta.
327.28–29 the Cheshire Cat’s grin . . . Wonderland.”] See Chapter VI of Lewis Carroll’s novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865).
340.3 Topolino] Nickname for the earliest-model Fiat 500, an Italian city car produced from 1936 to 1955; literally, “little mouse.”
449.4 BOAC] British Overseas Airway Corporation, an English state-owned airline created in 1940. BOAC merged with British European Airways in 1974 to form today’s British Airways.
449.8 Save the last Green Mansions] See William Henry Hudson’s 1904 novel Green Mansions: A Romance of the Tropical Forest.
449.12 Who’s Afraid?] See Edward Albee’s 1962 play Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, which examines the breakdown of a middle-aged couple’s marriage.
450.22 Oread] In Greek mythology, a mountain nymph.
453.2 Chicom] Vietnam-era U.S. military slang for “Chinese communist.”
453.8 Mata Hari] Stage name of Dutch exotic dancer and courtesan Margaretha Geertruida MacLeod (1876–1917), convicted and executed as a German spy during World War I.
453.16 Hudson’s bell bird “singing for a later race,”] See Hudson’s Green Mansions, Chapter X: “O mystic bell-bird of the heavenly race of the swallow and the dove, the quetzal and the nightingale! When the brutish savage and the brutish white man that slay thee, one for food, the other for the benefit of science, shall have passed away, live still, live to tell thy message to the blameless spiritualized race that shall come after us to possess the Earth, not for a thousand years, but for ever.”
454.20 Sinair] Singapore Airlines.
455.20 Hamilton Air Base] U.S. airfield in Marin County, California, decommissioned in 1974.
456.2 Gaea] In Greek mythology, a primordial earth-mother goddess.
458.9 Nijinsky and Nureyev] Vaslav Nijinsky (1889–1950) and Rudolf Nureyev (1938–1993), prominent ballet dancers.
458.24 bach] A word apparently invented by Le Guin; perhaps an honorific, like the Japanese -san. (Also page 481, line 12, in the present volume.)
466.29 Heb.] Hebrew.
471.20 the golden horde] A phrase also used to describe a Mongol khanate established in the thirteenth century.
472.7 spla] A word apparently invented by Le Guin; another character later gives “insane” and “psycho” as synonyms (see page 480, lines 11–12, in the present volume).
478.1 Totentanz] The dance of death or danse macabre, an allegorical theme that emerged in late medieval European art and literature, typically featuring a personified Death leading the living to the grave. Composers including Franz Liszt, Camille Saint-Saëns, and Arnold Schoenberg subsequently set the theme to music.