Index

A

A Questão Agraria no Brasil (Stédile), 254

Ação Católica, 258

Accumulation of Capital (Luxemburg), 148, 149

Acheson, Dean, 216

Adam Smith in Beijing: Lineages of the Twenty-first Century (Arrighi), 330, 351–5, 359–60

Adorno, Theodor W., 9, 12

Agrarian Question (Kautsky), 148

Aguascalientes Convention, 177

Akhmatova, Anna, 37n7

Akutagawa Ryunosuke, 280

Alberoni, Francesco, 335

Algerian Revolution, 173

Alicata, Mario, 123

All-India Students’ Federation, 70

All-India Trade Union Congress (AITUC), 70, 75n5

All-India Kisan Sabha, 70

All-India Progressive Writers’ Association, 70

All-Union Association of Proletarian Writers (vAPP), 10n8

Almeyra, Guillermo, 168

Althusser, Louis

Akira Asada on, 284–5

Edward Thompson’s attack on, 239–40

Lenin and Philosophy, 135

Lucio Colletti on, 134–7, 145

Reading Capital, 135

Reply to John Lewis, 136

Alvarado, Juan Velasco, 174

Amendola, Giorgio, 151n1

American Occupation, 292

American postmodernism, 318

American Power and the New Mandarins (Chomsky), 212

Amin, Samir, 316, 323, 330, 333

Amnesty International, 247

Ando Tadao, 299

Andreatta, Nino, 335

Ángeles, Felipe, 179

Annales School, 232

Anshan, 312n6

Antipode (journal), 237

Antonov, Aleksi, 34

April Theses (Lenin), 221, 222

Apter, David, 334

Araki Nobuyoshi, 297

Árbenz, Jacobo, 174, 178

Area dell’Autonomia, 336

Arguedas, José María, 170

Arlott, John, 232

Arrighi, Giovanni

Adam Smith in Beijing: Lineages of the Twenty-first Century, 330, 351–5, 359–60

Chaos and Governance in the Modern World System, 330, 342–3, 346–7

Geometry of Imperialism, 339

‘Labour Supplies in Historical Perspective’, 332, 333, 337

The Long Twentieth Century, 330, 339–43, 354–7

‘Marxist Century, American Century’, 343–5

overview, ix, x, xi, xiii

‘The Political Economy of Rhodesia’, 332

‘Towards a Theory of Capitalist Crisis’, 336, 348, 349

‘World Income Inequalities and the Future of Socialism’, 345, 353

Asada Akira

Beyond ‘the End of History’, 278

The End of Cinema’s Century, 278

overview, ix, x, xi

Asaf Ali, Aruna, 74, 74n4

Asama, Mount, 282

Asian financial crisis, 308

Attempt to Introduce the Notion of Negative Quantities into Philosophy (Kant), 138

Autonomous National University of Mexico (UNAM), 178, 180, 254, 256

Avanguardia Operaia, 158

Averbach, Leopold Leonidovich, 10

B

Babbitt, Irving, 322

Bacon, Francis, 4

Bambirra, Vânia, 256

Bandung Conference, 325

Baran, Paul A., 141, 236

Barbalho, Jader, 272

Baudelaire, Charles, 192, 209

Baudrillard, Jean, 285, 286

Beauvoir, Simone de, 110–1

Beijing University, 307, 315

Beijing Youth Daily (newspaper), 305–6

Belgian Communism, 100, 101

Bellamy, Edward, 117

belle époque, xii, 356

Beneš, Edvard, 30, 30n2

Benjamin, Walter, 9, 171, 182, 280

Bentham, Jeremy, 245

Bergson, Henri-Louis, 140

Berlinguer, Enrico, 151, 159

Berlusconi, Silvio, 120

Bernstein, Eduard, 129, 306, 344

Bethlehem Steel, 241, 249

Beyond ‘the End of History’ (Asada), 278

Bierut, Bolesław, 44n10, 55

Bil’ak, Vasil, 46, 57–8, 57n17

Birmingham, University of, 104

Black Panther Party, 220n5

Black Power movement, 334

The Black Jacobins (James), 170

Bloch, Ernst, 169–70

Blum Theses, 2, 8

Bobbio, Norberto, 335

Bocconi University, 330

Bohm, David, 245

Bolshevik revolution, 7, 223

Bonaparte, Napoleon, 13, 88

Bonapartism, 170

Bordiga, Amadeo, 23

Bose, Subhas Chandra, 74n4

Bourgeois democracy, 12

‘bourgeois liberalism’, 306

bourgeoisie, 34–5

Braden, Spruille, 168

Braudel, Fernand, 339, 340, 356

Brazilian Communist Party (PCB), 267n6

Brazilian Left, 276, 277

Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB), 167, 256n1

Brecht, Bertolt, 8–9, 24, 199

Brenner, Robert, 239, 333, 338, 339

Breton, André, 170

Brezhnev, Leonid, 56

British communism, 104, 106, 109, 115

Brizola, Lionel, 276

Buddhism, 319, 320

Bukharin, Nikolai, 7, 71, 279

Bundy, McGeorge, 217, 217n3

Bungakkai (journal), 293

buraku, 283

Burakumin, 295n9

Busch, Germán, 174

Bush, George W., 347, 348, 350, 355

C

Cafe Adler, 21

Calcutta Thesis (Dange), 70n2

Cam, Helen, 107

Cambridge, University of, 230, 243, 244

Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, 109n3, 282

Capital (Dobb), 141

Capital (Marx), 10, 126, 133, 149, 235–6, 238–9, 343, 351

Caprara, Massimo, 152

Capuchins, 255

Carajás massacre, 270

Cárdenas, Cuauhtémoc, 180

Cárdenas, Lázaro, 170, 170n4, 171, 174, 179, 180

Cardoso, Fernando Henrique, 269–72, 274

Carnap, Rudolf, 232, 244, 248

Castellina, Luciana

Eurollywood. Il difficile ingresso della cultura nella construzione d’Europa, 150

overview, ix, xi

Castells, Manuel, 240

Catholic Church, 255–9, 263, 263n4

Catholic Party, 35

Caucasian Chalk Circle (play), 199

CCP (Chinese Communist Party), 303, 321, 325

Central Uníca dos Trabalhadores (CUT), 267, 277

CGIL (Italian General Confederation of Labour), 153–4, 154n4, 156, 157, 157n6

Chaos and Governance in the Modern World System (Arrighi and Silver), 330, 342–3, 346–7

Charles X, King of France, 197

Charter 77, 28

Chartism, 104, 109, 111, 118

Chartism in Wales and Ireland (Thompson), 104

Chatterjee, Partha, 170

Chávez, Hugo, 174

Chen Xiaoming, 315, 317

Chiang Kai-shek, 26

‘Chiapas and the Rebellion of the Enchanted World’ (Gilly), 180–1

The Children of Sanchez (Lewis), 198–9, 198n7

Chinese Academy of Social Science, 300, 303n1

Chinese Communist Party (CCP), 303, 321, 325

Chomsky, Noam

American Power and the New Mandarins, 212

overview, ix, vii, xi

‘The Responsibility of Intellectuals’, 212

Chonchol, Jacques, 256

Chou En-Lai, 78, 86, 87, 89

Christian Democracy, 156, 158–61, 163, 290

CISL (Confederation of Italian Labour Unions), 157, 157n6

Civil Disobedience movement, 69

Civil War in France (Marx), 134

Clark University, 237

‘The Clash of Civilizations’ (Huntington), 315

Classes Sociais em Mudança e a Luta pelo Socialismo (Oliveira, Genoína and Stédile), 254

Clinton, Bill, 356

Cold War, 217, 222, 283, 290, 355

A Collection of Experiments (Hu Shih), 322

Colletivi Politici Operai (CPOS), 336

Colletti, Lucio

Lenin’s Philosophical Notebooks, 132n6, 137, 138

Marxism and Hegel, 137, 149

overview, ix, vii, xi

Collor, Fernando, 269, 271

Comintern, 279

Comité de Gaulle, 167

Commercial Publishing House, 301

Commissão Pastoral da Terra (Pastoral Commission on Land; CPT), 256, 257

Committee of 100 action, 109

Communism and Communist Parties

Belgian, 100, 101

Brazilian (PCB), 267n6

British, 104, 106, 109, 115

Chinese (CCP), 303, 321, 325

Communist Party of India (Marxist), or CPI(M), 66, 68, 71, 73, 74, 75, 77, 85, 89–91, 92, 93

Czech, 28, 29, 30n1, 31, 35, 38, 43, 43n9, 61, 62

French, 207, 208n9, 236

German (KPD), viii–ix, 14, 20, 20n3, 23, 234n2

Hungarian, viii–ix, 2, 8, 55n16

Indian (CPI), 66, 67–8, 77–8, 89–91, 93

Italian (PCI), 120, 121, 122n1, 125, 144, 150–6, 158, 160, 163, 164, 170

Japanese (JCP), 279–83, 290–1, 293

overview, xi, 93, 345

Russian, 291

Ukranian, 54

Communist Information Bureau, 35n6

Communist International, 14

Communist Party of India (CPI), 66, 67–8, 77–8, 89–91, 93

Compagne e Compagni, 163

A Companion to Marx’s Capital (Harvey), 230

Comte, Auguste, 320

The Condition of Postmodernity (Harvey), 236–7, 240, 242–3, 249

Confederation of Italian Labour Unions (CISL), 157, 157n6

Congress of Bolshevization, 31

Congress Socialists, 68

Consciousness and the Urban Experience (Harvey), 239

La Conspiration (Nizan), 208n9

Control Commission, 153

Council of Ministers, 39–40n8

The Country and the City (Williams), 244

CPCz (Communist Party of Czechoslovakia), 54n14

CPI (Communist Party of India), 66, 67–8, 77–8, 89–91, 93

CPOS (Colletivi Politici Operai), 336

CPT (Commissão Pastoral da Terra), 256, 257

Cristalli, Homero ‘Juan Posadas’, 168, 169, 179

Critical Space (journal), 286

Critique de la raison dialectique (Sartre), 184, 185, 191, 199–205

Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right (Marx), 126, 134

Critique of Practical Reason (Kant), 128, 130

Critique of Pure Reason (Kant), 17, 128, 129, 130

Croce, Benedetto, 121–3, 126, 140

Cromwell, Oliver, 4

Cuban Revolution, 42

Cui Zhiyuan, 304, 305, 307, 309, 312, 314, 324

Cultural Revolution (China), 204–5, 223, 282, 304n2, 307, 308, 311

Cultural Theory and Postmodernism (Jameson), 315

Culture and Society (Williams), 321

Culture: China and The World, 301

Curió, Sebastião, 258

Customs in Common (Thompson), 170

CUT (Central Uníca dos Trabalhadores), 267, 277

Czech Communist Party, 28, 29, 30n1, 31, 35, 38, 43, 43n9, 61, 62

Czech National Council, 32

Czecho-Slovak Federal Assembly, 54n14

Czechoslovakian New Wave, 44

D

Daily Herald (newspaper), 106

Daily Mail (newspaper), 106

Damodaran, K.

overview, ix, xi

Whither Czechoslovakia?, 92

Dance of Death (Strindberg), 199

Dange, S.A., 70n2, 76, 76n6, 90

Danton, Georges, 144

Dar es Salaam, 334

Darwinism (Social), 313

Deborin, Abram, 10

Debray, Régis, 175

Declaration of Rights (UN), 246

Defense Department (US), 228

Deleuze, Gilles, 284–5

Della Volpe, Galvano, 123, 124, 126, 135, 139, 140

Della Volpean school, 127, 134–5, 138, 145, 148

Democratic Party, 290–1

Democratici di Sinistra, 150

Democrazia Proletaria, 160

Deng Liqun, 303, 304

Deng Xiaoping, 302, 304, 311

Derrida, Jacques, 286, 287

The Destruction of Reason (Lukács), 148

Deutscher, Isaac, viin1

Development of Capitalism in Russia (Lenin), 148

Dewey Commission, 169

Dialectics of Nature (Engels), 133

Díaz, Porfirio, 176

Die Internationale, 23

Die Neue Zeitung, 20–1

Die Tat (magazine), 18

Diederichs, Eugen, 18

Dilthey, Wilhelm, 140

Dini, Lamberto, 150

Dirlik, Arif, 321, 321n13

División del Norte, 177

Doi Takako, 290

Dobb, Maurice, 141, 149, 236

Dubcek, Alexander, 43n9, 54, 54n14, 55, 56, 57, 58–9, 61, 91–2

Dushu (magazine), 300, 301, 302, 305, 307, 315, 316

E

Early Chartists (Thompson), 104

East Germany Socialist Unity Party, 54n15

École Normale Supérieure, 208

Eisenhower, Dwight, 34

Eliot, George, 118

Elman, Ben, 319

Embrapa, 270n9

Encontro Nacional, 257, 258

Encruzilhada Natalino, 258

Encyclopaedia (Hegel), 129

The End of Cinema’s Century (Asada), 278

Engels, Friedrich, 132, 133, 144, 344

The Enigma of Capital (Harvey), 230

Essence and Substance (Wang Hui), 319

Eurollywood: il difficile ingresso della cultura nella construzione d’Europa (Castellina), 150

European Politics in Southern Rhodesia (Ley), 332

Explanation in Geography (Harvey), 232, 233, 238

F

Fabian Society, 18–9, 235

The Factory and the City (Harvey and Hayter), 244

Fadeyev, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, 10

FALN (Armed Forces of National Liberation), 175, 175n7

Fan Gang, 309

Fan Yong, 301

Fang Lizhi, 306, 306n4

Fanon, Frantz, 170

Farmers’ Leagues, 256n1

Fazenda Giacometti, 259

February Revolution, 142

Federal Reserve, 250

Fernandes, Florestan, 264, 264n5

Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 319

Figueiredo, João, 258

Finance Capital (Hilferding), 136, 149

First World War, 5

Flaubert, Gustave, 185, 190–2, 191, 194–7, 209, 210

Flores, Nicolás Molina, 176

Foa, Vittorio, 153–4

Forces of Labour (Silver), 342

Foreign Affairs Commission of Parliament, 52

Fort Detrick, 219

Foster, John Bellamy, 245

Fourier, Joseph, 237

Fourth International, xii, 96, 168, 169, 169n2, 173, 178

Franco, Itamar, 270

Frank, André Gunder, 330

Frankfurt Institute for Social Research, 234n2

Frankfurt School, 140

Free Czechoslovak Army, 34

Free University of Brussels, 96

Freie Studentenschaft, 17

French Communist Party, 207, 208n9, 236

French Revolution, 179, 306, 318

Freud, Sigmund, 187–90

Friedman, Milton, 306

Fukazawa Shichiro, 295

Fukuda Kazuya, 289

Fukumoto Kazuo, 279

Fukuzawa Yukichi, 294

Furyu Mutan (Fukazawa), 295

G

G7, 353

Gagliardi, Hedda. See Korsch, Hedda

Galván, Rafael, 177

Gan Yang, 305, 317, 324

Gandhi, Mahatma, 74n4, 275

Garaudy, Roger, 89, 89n8

Ge Fei, 315

Genet, Jean, 193, 210

de Genoíno, José, 254

Gentile, Giovanni, 121

Geometry of Imperialism (Arrighi), 339

Georges, Pierre, 236

German Communist Party (KPD), viii–ix, 14, 20, 20n3, 23, 234n2

Gerratana, Valentino, 124

Gesellschaft für empirische Philosophie, 24

Ghosh, Ajoy, 76n6, 80

Gilly, Adolfo

‘Chiapas and the Rebellion of the Enchanted World’, 180–1

‘Inside the Cuban Revolution’, 174

La nueva Nicaragua, 178

La revolución interrumpida, 166, 176, 178

The Mexican Revolution, 166

overview, ix, xiii

Ginzburg, Carlo, 180

Giovannini, Elio, 153–4

Girton College, 107

Globo Tv, 269

Godelier, Maurice, 136

Gohatto (film), 296

Gombrowicz, Witold, 198

Gomułka, Władisław, 39, 39–40n8, 43–4, 54

The Good Woman of Szechuan (play), 8

Gopalan, A. K., 68, 71–2, 71n3

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 308

Gorky, Maxim, 7

de Gortari, Carlos Salinas, 180

Gottwald, Klement, 30–3, 30n1, 36–8, 40–1, 62

Gould, Nattie, 99

Gramsci, Antonio

David Harvey on, 247, 250

Giovanni Arrighi on, 335–6, 339

‘Historical Materialism and the Philosophy of Benedetto Croce’, 146

Lucio Colletti on, 145, 147

Prison Notebooks, 145–6

writings of, 122–3

Graziano da Silva, Jose Francisco, 270

Great Depression, 347, 348

Great Leap Forward, 205

The Great Conspiracy, 71

Greenpeace, 275

Grosz, George, 24

Grundrisse (Marx), 133, 136, 236, 246

Gruppi di Azione Partigiana, 161

Gruppo Gramsci (Gramsci Group), x, 330, 336, 353

Guattari, Felix, 284–5

Gueiler, Lidia, 171

Guerra y politica en El Salvador (Gilly), 178

Guevara, Che, 12, 175

Guha, Ranajit, 170, 171

Gulf War, 353

H

Habermas, 317

Hana-bi (film), 297

Harriman, William Averell, 217, 217n2

Harris, Zellig, 213

Harvey, David

A Companion to Marx’s Capital, 230

The Condition of Postmodernity, 236–7, 240, 242–3, 249

Consciousness and the Urban Experience, 239

The Enigma of Capital, 230

Explanation in Geography, 232, 233, 238

The Factory and the City, 244

Justice, Nature and the Geography of Difference, 244, 245

The Limits to Capital, 237–8, 239, 240

overview, ix, x

Social Justice and the City, 235, 236, 237, 238

Spaces of Hope, 246, 247, 249

The Urbanization of Capital, 239

Hatoyama Yukio, 290–1

Haushofer, Karl, 232

Hayek, Friedrich August, 306, 309

Hayter, Teresa, 244

He Qinglian, 309, 309n5

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich

Adolfo Gilly on, 176

David Harvey on, 237, 245

Encyclopaedia, 129

George Lukács on, 12

Lucio Colletti on, 128, 135, 136

Who Are the Friends of the People?, 137

Hegelianism, 123, 292

Heidegger, Martin, 244

Heller, Agnes, 5

Helvetius, Claude Adrien, 128, 129

Hempel, Carl Gustav, 232, 244

Herzog, Jesús Silva, 177

Hihyōkūkan (Asada), 278

Hilferding, Rudolf, 136, 149

Hiroshima, 287

‘Historical Materialism and the Philosophy of Benedetto Croce’ (Gramsci), 146

The Historical Novel (Lukács), 2

History and Class Consciousness (Lukács), 2, 3, 148

History of the Russian Revolution (Trotsky), 93, 170–1, 176, 177

Hitler, Adolf, xii, 97

Ho Chi Minh, 87–8, 275, 350

Hobbes, Thomas, 4

Hobson, John A., 339

Holbach, Paul, 128

Hook, Sidney, 132–3

Hoskins, Catherine, 334

Hosokawa Morihiro, 290–1

Hou Xiao Xien, 284

Hu Angang, 314, 314n7

Hu Jintao, 347, 348

Hu Qiaomu, 303, 303n1, 304

Hu Shih, 322, 322n15

Hu Yaobang, 304

Hua Guofeng, 303, 303n1

Huang Ping, 300, 302

Huerta, Victoriano, 176

Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 224, 224n6, 226

Hume, David, 129

Hungarian Commune, 6–7

Hungarian Communist Party, viii–ix, 2, 8, 55n16

Hungarian Revolt, 123

Hungarian Socialist Workers Party, 39–40n8

Huntington, Samuel P., 315, 316

Huston, John, 187

Hylton, Forrest, 172

I

IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística), 261n3

Il Manifesto (group), 125, 151, 153–6, 158, 164–5

il manifesto (publication), 89, 150, 152n3, 163, 344

IMF (International Monetary Fund), 291, 353

Imperialism (Lenin), 149

In Defence of Marxism (Trotsky), 93

INCRA (Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária), 259, 261

Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD), 20, 20n2

Indian Congress, 68

Indian National Army, 74n4

Indian National Congress, 67, 74n4

Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC), 78

Indra, Alois, 46, 57–8, 57–8n17

Ingrao, Pietro, 151n1, 170

Inner Asian Frontiers of China (Lattimore), 234

Inprecor, 93

‘Inside the Cuban Revolution’ (Gilly), 174

Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (INCRA), 259, 261

International Brigades, 98

International Monetary Fund (IMF), 291, 353

International Union of Students, 41–2

International War Crimes Tribunal, 184

INTUC (Indian National Trade Union Congress), 78

Isherwood, Christopher, 25

Ishibashi Tanzan, 294

Ishihara Shintaro, 288, 289, 293, 295

Isozaki Arata, 286, 299

Israeli Army, 40

Italian Communist Party (PCI), 120, 121, 122n1, 125, 144, 150–6, 160, 163, 164, 170

Italian General Confederation of Labour (CGIL), 153–4, 154n4, 156, 157, 157n6

Italian Labour Union (IUL), 157, 157n6

Italian Socialist Party, 28, 120, 122, 153–4

Italian Tyrol, 255

Iwata Hiroshi, 281

J

Jacobs, Jane, 241

James, C. L. R., 170

Jameson, Fredric, 315

Jan Sangh, 90

Japanese Communist Party (JCP), 279–83, 290–1, 293

Japanese Socialist Party (JSP), 283, 288–91, 295

Japanese–American war, 216

Jena, University of, 14

Jencks, Charles, 241

On the Jewish Question (Marx), 134

Jiang Zemin, 304, 347, 351

Johns Hopkins University, 234, 243, 244, 330

Johnson, Philip, 299

La Jornada (newspaper), 181

Joshi, P. C., 70, 70n2, 72, 79

Journal of Strategy and Management, 309

JSP (Japanese Socialist Party), 283, 288–91, 295

Julião, Francisco, 256, 256n1, 274

June Fourth movement, 305, 311, 314

Jungman, Raul, 261

Justice, Nature and the Geography of Difference (Harvey), 244, 245

Juventud Socialista, 167

K

Kádár, János, 39–40, 39–40n8

Kalandra, Záviš, 39

Kant, Immanuel

Attempt to Introduce the Notion of Negative Quantities into Philosophy, 138

Critique of Practical Reason, 128, 130

Critique of Pure Reason, 129, 130

Metaphysics of Morals, 17

Karatani, Kōjin, 278, 286, 295, 296

Karl-Marx-Schule, 14, 24

Katari, Túpac, 179

Katoh Norihiro, 284

Kautsky, Karl, 148, 344

Keaton, Buster, 297

Keizo Obuchi, 288

Kent State University, 212

Keynes, Milton, 250

Khatchaturian, Aram, 37n7

Khrushchev, Nikita, xii, 13, 41–2, 45, 78, 80, 84, 85, 122, 125

King, Martin Luther, 233

Kissinger, Henry, 355

Kitano Takeshi, 297

Klein, Melanie, 189

kMT (Kuomintang of China), 321

Kobayashi, Hideo, 280, 293, 294, 295

Kobayashi, Yoshinori, 286, 295

Kommunistische Politik (magazine), 23

Konar, Harekrishan, 86, 86n7, 87

Kopecký, Václav, 30n3, 31, 39

Korean War, 41, 121

Korsch, Hedda, vii, viii–ix, xi. See also Korsch, Karl

Korsch, Karl

George Lukács on, 9

Lucio Colletti on, 145

‘Manuscript of Abolitions,’ 26

Marxism and Philosophy, 14, 21

overview, viii–ix, xi

relationship with Fukumoto Kazuo, 279

Ten Theses on Marxism, 26

Korvin, Otto, 12

Koza school, 279

Kriegel, František, 46

Krishna, K. B., 72

Kronstadt Revolt, 221

Ku Klux Klan, 269n7

Kubitschek, Juscelino, 256

Kun, Bela, 8

Kuomintang of China (kMT), 321

Kuusinen, Otto Wille, 67

Kyoto School, 291, 292, 293, 294

Kyoto University, 278

L

Labour Monthly Discussion Group, 106

Labour Party, 107, 119

‘Labour Supplies in Historical Perspective’ (Arrighi), 332, 333, 337

Lacan, Jacques, 284–5

Lacoste, Yves, 236

Lama, Luciano, 161

L’amour fou (Breton), 170

Landless Workers Movement (MST), 254, 256, 261, 263–7, 271–6

Lange, Oskar, 233

Late Capitalism (Mandel), 96

Latin American movement, 42

Lattimore, Owen, 234, 234n1

Le Diable et Le Bon Dieu (Sartre), 186

Leavis, F. R., 231

Lebowitz, Michael, 238

Lecumberri Prison, 175–6

Leeds, University of, 234n1

Lefebvre, Henri, 236, 237

Left

Brazilian, 276, 277

Chinese, 320, 324

European, 173

Italian, 150, 154

Japanese, 279, 282, 286, 287, 291

Mexican, 180

Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder (Lenin), 7–8

Legassick, Martin, 333

La Légende de Saint Julien l’Hospitalier (Flaubert), 191

Lenin (Lukács), 2

Lenin, Vladimir

Akira Asada on, 281

April Theses, 221, 222

Development of Capitalism in Russia, 148

Georg Lukács on, 13

Giovanni Arrighi on, 338, 343

Imperialism, 149

Jiri Pelikan on, 63

K. Damodaran on, 70

Left-Wing Communism: An infantile Disorder, 7–8

Lucio Colletti on, 133, 134, 137–8, 144, 148, 149

Materialism and Empirio-Criticism, 121

State and Revolution, 142, 143, 221, 222

Lenin and Philosophy (Althusser), 135

Leningrad Party, 37n7

Leninism, 154, 221

Lenin’s Philosophical Notebooks (Colletti), 132n6, 137

Les damnés de la terre (Fanon), 170

Les Mots (Sartre), 193, 210

Les Temps Modernes (magazine), 185

L’Etre et le Néant (Sartre), 185, 187, 190, 192

Lettieri, Antonio, 153–4

Levinas, Emmanuel, 287

Leviné, Eugen, 12

Lewis, Oscar, 198–9, 198n7

Lewontin, Richard, 245

Leys, Colin, 332

Li Honglin, 301

Li Peng, 304

Li Shenzhi, 307, 313, 316, 316n8

Li Yining, 322–3

Li Zehou, 306

Liang Qichao, 320, 322, 322n14

Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), 96, 288, 289, 290, 291

Liberazione (newspaper), 150

Lichtheim, George, 132–3

L’Idiot de la famille (Sartre), 184

L’Imaginnaire (Sartre), 195–6

The Limits to Capital (Harvey), 237–8, 239, 240

Listy (magazine), 28

Literarny Kritik (journal), 10

The Literary Review (journal), 315

Liu Junning, 311, 314

Loarca, Augusto Vicente, 174

Locke, John, 4, 128

Lok Sabha, 90

London School of Economics, 230

Long March, 204–5

The Long Twentieth Century (Arrighi), 330, 339–43, 354–7

Lora, Guillermo, 171

Los rios profundos (Arguedas), 170

Lotta Continua, 155, 158, 159, 335

Louis xIv, King of France, 13

Louis xvIII, King of France, 197

Louis-Philippe, King of France, 196

Lu Xun, 317, 320, 321, 322, 325

Lucha obrera, 171

Lukács, Georg

Akira Asada on, 279

The Destruction of Reason, 148

Hedda Korsch on, 21

The Historical Novel, 2

History and Class Consciousness, 2, 3, 148

Lenin, 2

Lucio Colletti on, 140, 145

The Meaning of Contemporary Realism, 8

Ontology of Social Being, 3

overview, viii–ix, xi, xii–xiii

The Theory of the Novel, 2, 5–6

The Young Hegel, 148

Lunacharsky, Anatoly, 7

Luporini, Cesare, 124

Luxemburg, Rosa, 148, 149, 281

M

Mackinder, Halford, 232

Madera, Romano, 335, 336

Madero, Francisco, 176

Madge, Charles, 114

Magri, Lucio, 152–3, 154

Maitan, Livio, 155

Making of the English Working Class (Thompson), 170

The Making of Chinese Modernity (Wang Hui), 320

de Man, Henri, 100

Mandel, Ernest

Adolfo Gilly on, 169

Late Capitalism, 96

overview, ix

Traité d’économie marxiste, 173

‘Manuscript of Abolitions’ (Korsch), 26

Mao Dun, 321, 321n12, 325

Mao Tse-tung, 42, 205, 206, 318

Maoism, 282, 307, 351

Marcha (newspaper), 172, 172n6

Marcos, Subcomandante, 180, 181

Mariners, Renegardes and Castaways (James), 170

Marini, Rui Mauro, 256

Martì, José, 274

Maruyama Masao, 294

Marx, Karl

Akira Asada on, 283, 285

Civil War in France, 134

Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, 126, 134

David Harvey on, 237, 238, 245, 249

Giovanni Arrighi on, 340, 343, 344, 349, 350, 358, 359

Grundrisse, 133, 136, 236, 246

Jean-Paul Sartre on, 188, 190

Jewish Question, 134

Lucio Colletti on, 131, 140, 141, 149

Theories of Surplus Value, 4, 133, 136, 247

Marx-Engels-Lenin Institute, 9–10

Marxism, ix, 2, 9, 193, 231, 235, 242, 245, 293, 301, 305

Marxism and Hegel (Colletti), 137, 149

Marxism and Philosophy (Korsch), 14, 21

‘Marxist Century, American Century’ (Arrighi), 343–5

Marxist–Leninist terrorists, 160

Masas (newspaper), 171

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 218–9

Massey, Doreen, 237

Materialism and Empirio-Criticism (Lenin), 121

May Fourth movement, 322

May Revolt (France), 204, 206

McCarthyism, 234, 234n1

McCloughlan, Jean, 107–8

McNeill, William, 340

The Meaning of Contemporary Realism (Lukács), 8

Mellon, Jim, 334

Melville, Herman, 170

Mémoires d’un Fou (Sartre), 190

Merry Christmas, Mr Lawrence (Oshima), 296

Mertes, Tom, viin4

Metaphysics of Morals (Kant), 17

La Mettrie, Julien Offray de, 128, 129

Mexican Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), 172

Mexican Revolution, 171, 176–7, 179

The Mexican Revolution (Gilly), 166

Mills, C. Wright, 114–5

Min Bao (journal), 319–20

MIR (Movement of the Revolutionary Left), 175n7

Mishima Yukio, 297

MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), 218–9

Mitchell, Clyde, 332

Miyamoto Kenji, 280–1, 282, 291n5, 293

Miyazaki Hayao, 297

Miyazawa Kiichi, 289, 290

MNR (Revolutionary Nationalist Movement), 171

Moby Dick (Melville), 170

Möller, Erwin, 171

Molotov, Vyacheslav, 30

Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, 208n9

Mondo Nuovo (journal), 124

Monopoly Capital (Baran and Sweezy), 141

Monsanto, 273

Monthly Review (journal), 174, 238, 245

Moore, Barrington, 245

Mori Yoshiro, 288

Morishima Michio, 238

Moro, Aldo, 161, 162

Morris, William, 117

Moscoso, Hugo González, 171

Moscow trials, 98

Mother Courage (play), 8, 199

Movement of the Revolutionary Left (MIR), 175n7

A Movements of Movements: Is Another World Really Possible? (Mertes), viin4

Movimento de Luta de Terra, 276

Movimento dei Comunisti Unitari, 150

Movimiento Obrero Revolucionario, 167

Movimiento Revolucionario 13 de Noviembre (MR-13), 174, 175

MST (Landless Workers Movement), 258, 260, 261–2, 265, 267–71, 275–80

Munich Agreement, 52–3

Murakami Haruki, 296

Murray, Roger, 334

Muslim League, 74–5, 90

N

Nagasaki, 287

Nagisa Oshima, 296

Nagy, Imry, 2, 11

Nakagami Kenji, 295, 296

Nakasone Yasuhiro, 288, 292

Namboodiripad, E. M. S., 68, 68n1, 80–1

Nanjing massacre, 286

Narain, Jayaprakash, 74, 74n4

NASA, 218–9

National Florestan Fernandes School, 264

National Front (Czechoslovak), 35

National Liberation Front, 86, 206–7, 214

National Socialist Party (Czechoslovak), 6, 35

National Unity, 161

NATO, 163

Natoli, Aldo, 152, 152n3

Natta, Alessandro, 153

La Nausée (Sartre), 210

Nazi–Soviet Pact, 30, 234n2

Negri, Antonio, 335–6

Nehru, Jawaharlal, 71, 72, 74, 76, 78

neo-Confucianism, 320

New Age (newspaper), 92

New Authoritarianism, 306

New Left

Akira Asada on, 282, 283, 286

Luciana Castellina on, 153, 155, 159, 161, 163, 164

overview, xiii

Wang Hui on, 300, 303, 305, 306, 307, 308, 310, 318

New Left Review (journal), vii, 154, 184, 238

New York Review of Books (magazine), 212

News from Nowhere (Morris), 117

Newton, Isaac, 129

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 319

Nishida, Kitaro, 292–3

Nishitani, Keiji, 293

Nizan, Paul, 208, 208n9

NkvD (People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs), 34, 34n5

‘No Forbidden Zone in Reading’ (Zhang Yongle), 301

No Room for Hesitation in a Void (Wang Hui), 300

Nonaka Hiromu, 283

November Revolution, 6

Novotný, Antonín, 44, 44n11, 45, 46, 56

La nueva Nicaragua (Gilly), 178

Nuovo Genberazione (magazine), 150

Nyerere, Juluis, 334

O

Obregón, Álvaro, 177

Obuchi Keizo, 293

O’Connor, Jim, 238

October Revolution, 2, 6–7, 13, 142–3, 148

Oé Kenzaburo, 295, 296

Ohio National Guard, 212, 220n4

Ohira Masayoshi, 292

Oliveira, Francisco de, 254

Olympic Games of 2000, 316

On Literature and Art (Trotsky), 93

Ontology of Social Being (Lukács), 3

Oriental Despotism (Wittfogel), 234n2

Origins of Modern Japanese Literature (Karatani), 295

Outsiders: Class, Gender and Nation (Thompson), 104, 105

Over Our Dead Bodies: Women Against the Bomb (Thompson), 104

‘Overcoming Modernity’, 291, 293, 317

Oxford University, 243, 244, 248

Ozawa Ichiro, 288, 290–1

P

Pablo, Michel, 169, 169n2, 173

Pacific Affairs, 234n1

Panzieri, Raniero, 170

Paris Commune, 13, 134, 179

Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCdoB), 276, 276n13

Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD), 180

Partido Democrático Trabalhista, 276

Partido Obrero Revolucionario (POR), 171

Partido Socialista Brasileiro, 276

Partido Trabalhista (PT), 263, 263n4, 267, 276, 277

Partito di Unità Proletaria per il communismo (PdUP), 150, 153–4, 159, 162, 164

Partito Socialista di Unità Proletaria (PSIUP), 153–4

Passerini, Luisa, 334, 336

Pasternak, Boris, 85

Pastoral Commission on Land (CPT), 256, 257

PCB (Brazilian Communist Party), 267n6

PCdoB (Partido Comunista do Brasil), 276, 276n13

PCI (Italian Communist Party), 120, 121, 122n1, 125, 144, 150–6, 160, 163, 164, 170

PdUP (Partito di Unità Proletaria), 150, 153–4, 159, 162, 164

Pelikan, Jiri

overview, ix, vii, xi

Penguin Marx Library, 236

Pennsylvania, University of, 212, 213

Pentagon, 218–9

People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NkvD), 34, 34n5

Peoples Republic of China (PRC), 282, 311, 318, 324

The People’s Daily (newspaper), 304n2

perestroika, xii

Perón, Juan Domingo, 167, 168, 171

Peronism, 168

Philosophical Notebooks (Colletti), 138

Picciotto, Sol, 334

Pieck, Willem, 97

Pietranera, Giulio, 123, 127

Pillai, Krishna, 68, 68n1

Piller, Jan, 43n9, 46

Piller Report, 43n9, 55

Pintor, Luigi, 152, 152n3

Polish United Workers Party, 39–40n8

Polish Workers Party, 39–40n8, 44n10

A Political Boy Dies (Oé), 295

The Political Economy of American Foreign Policy, 222

‘The Political Economy of Rhodesia’ (Arrighi), 332

Politics and Letters (Williams), vii

Polk, Lode, 100

Pontão, 259

Pontifical University of Rio Grande do Sul, 254

Popper, Karl, 232

Popular Front, 31, 168

POR (Partido Obrero Revolucionario), 171

Posadas, Juan (Homero Cristalli), 168, 169, 179

postmodernism, 299, 315, 316, 318

Potere Operaio, 160, 161, 335

Pradesh, Andhra, 90

Prague Spring, xii, 28, 43, 44, 46–7, 50–1, 55, 62

Pravda (newspaper), 88

PRC (Peoples Republic of China), 282, 311, 318, 324

Prchlik, Vaclav, 56, 57

Prestes, Luís Carlos, 267n6

Prevention of Terrorism Act (Britain), 162

PRI (Mexican Institutional Revolutionary Party), 172

Princess Mononoke (Miyazaki), 297

The Principle of Hope (Bloch), 169–70

Prison Notebooks (Gramsci), 145–6

PSB (Brazilian Socialist Party), 167, 256n1

PSIUP (Partito Socialista di Unità Proletaria), 153–4

The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (Freud), 188

PT (Partido Trabalhista), 263, 263n4, 267, 276, 277

Punniah, Basava, 76

The Puppet-Master (film), 284

Pursuit of Power (McNeill), 340

Q

Qian Mu, 321

Qin Hui, 309, 314

Quaderni rossi (journal), 170

Que Horas São? (Schwarz), xiiin9

Queen Victoria: Gender and Power (Thompson), 104

Question de Méthode (Sartre), 193

Quijano, Carlos, 172

Quit India campaign, 73, 74n4

R

Radek, Karl, 7, 71, 97, 98

Radio Moscow, 30

Raikovsky, Teresa, 15

Rákósi, Mátyás, 55, 55n16

Ranadive, B. T., 75, 75n5

Rao, Rajeshwar, 76

RAPP (Russian Association of Proletarian Writers), 10, 10n8

Reading Capital (Althusser), 135

Reagan, Ronald, 348, 349, 356

Rebeldía (newspaper), 167, 177

Red Army, 33, 55

Red Brigades, 159, 163

Reed, John, 93

Regulation School, 241

Regulationists, 237

Reichswehr, 22

Rekindling Frozen Fire (Wang Hui), 300

Reply to John Lewis (Althusser), 136

‘The Responsibility of Intellectuals’ (Chomsky), 212

Revolt Against Despair: Lu Xun and His World (Wang Hui), 300

La revolución interrumpida (Gilly), 166, 176, 178

Revolution Betrayed (Trotsky), 147, 170

Revolution in the Revolution (Debray), 175

Revolutionary Horizons (Thomson and Hylton), 172

Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR), 171

Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP), 81–2

Rhodesian Front Party, 332

Riazanov, David, 9–10, 9n6

Ricardo, David, 237

Rickert, Heinrich, 140

Rifondazione Comunista, 150

Rimbaud, Arthur, 209

Rinascita (magazine), 163

Rio Grande do Sul, 255

The Rise of Modern Chinese Thought (Wang Hui), 300, 319

River Elegy (television series), 323

Rodney, Walter, 330, 334

Rolland, Romain, 247

Rome University, 120, 161

Rono school, 279

Rosenberg, Julius and Ethel, 213–4, 214n1

Rossanda, Rossana, 152–3, 170

Rostow, Walt, 217, 217n3

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 133, 134

Rover, 244

Rowbotham, Sheila, 104

RSP (Revolutionary Socialist Party), 81–2

Rural Workers Union (Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais), 256

Russian Association of Proletarian Writers (RAPP), 10, 10n8

Russian Revolution, 5, 6–7, 13, 21, 75, 151

Russian Workers’ Opposition, 23

S

Sacré Cœur, 240

Sahgal, Lakshmi, 74n4

Saïd, Edward, 315–6

Saint Genet: Actor and Martyr (Sartre), 187, 193

Salgado, Sebastião, 261, 267

Salinas, Tanto Carlos, 180

Sand, George, 194

Sanlian Press, 301

dos Santos, Teotônio, 256

Sapronov, Timofei, 23

Sarney, José, 193, 210, 269, 271

Sartre, Jean-Paul

Critique de la raison dialectique, 184, 185, 191, 199–205

La Nausée, 210

Le Diable et Le Bon Dieu, 186

L’Etre et Le Néant, 185, 187, 190, 192

L’Idiot de la famille, 184

L’Imaginnaire, 195–6

Mémoires d’un Fou, 190

overview, ix, vii, xi

political writings of, x

Question de Méthode, 193

Saint Genet: Actor and Martyr, 187, 193

Situations, vii

Saul, John, 330, 334

Scania, 258

Scargill, Arthur, 99

Scheel, Walter, 52–3, 52n13

Schiller, Friedrich, 16

Schmidt, Alfred, 132–3

Schmidt, Conrad, 129

Schmitt, Carl, 293

Schwarz, Roberto, xiiin9

Science and Technology University, 306n4

Scott, Walter, 5

Second Generation (Williams), 244

Second International, xi–xii, 129, 137

Second World War, xii, 168, 216–7, 218, 280, 341, 343, 358

‘A Second Emancipation’ (Cui Zhiyuan), 304

Self-selected Essays (Wang Hui), 300

Sem Terra Movement, 259, 262, 265, 267, 269, 271, 273, 275. See also MST (Landless Workers Movement)

Sen, Bhawani, 79

Sève, Lucien, 136

Seventeen (Oé), 295

Shakespeare, William, 5

Shaw, George Bernard, 5

Shelest, Petro, 54

Shen Changwen, 302

Shuster, Ernest, 18–9

Šik, Ota, 44, 44n12, 45, 46, 50

Silver, Beverley, 330, 342–3, 346–7

Simmel, George, 169–70

Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais (Rural Workers Union), 256

Sino-Soviet dispute, xii, 42, 86, 205, 282, 334

Situationism, 335

Situations (Sartre), vii

Slánský, Rudolf, 30n3, 31, 31n3, 40–1

Šmeral, Bohumír, 31

Smith, Adam, 237, 294, 350–1

Smith, Ian, 334n2

Smrkovský, Josef, 32, 46

Social Darwinism, 313

Social Democrats (SPD), 17, 31, 35, 102, 143

Social Justice and the City (Harvey), 235, 236, 237, 238

Socialism and Socialist Parties

Belgian, 100

Brazilian (PSB), 167, 256n1

Congress, 68

Fabian, 235

Italian, 28, 120, 122, 153–4

Japanese, 283, 288–91, 295

Nationalist, 6, 35

Nordic, 306

overview, 12–3

Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP), 81–2

Socialist Geographers, 237

Socialization Commission, 20–1

Società (journal), 120, 124

Solidarity, 344

Sombart, Werner, 6

Southern Africa Paradigm, 333

Soviet Trade Mission, 14

Soviet Union, invasion of, xii

Špacek, Josef, 46

Spaces of Hope (Harvey), 246, 247, 249

Spanish Civil War, 29, 98, 213

SPD-Free Democrat coalition, 52n13

Spender, Stephen, 25

Spinella, Mario, 124

Spratt, Philip, 70

Sraffa, Piero, 141–2, 238

Stalin, Joseph

dogmatism of, 10

Georg Lukács on, 7, 10

Jean-Paul Sartre on, 204

Jiri Pelikan on, 40–1, 44, 45

K. Damodaran on, 69, 70, 92–3

Lucio Colletti on, 122

Noam Chomsky on, 221

overview, xii

Stalin–Hitler pact, 100

Stalinism, 13, 51, 121, 143, 279, 280, 285

State and Revolution (Lenin), 142, 143, 221, 222

State University of New York, 330

Stédile, João Pedro

Classes Sociais em Mudança e a Luta pelo Socialismo, 254

overview, ix, viin4, xiii

A Questão Agraria no Brasil, 254

Stendhal, Marie-Henri Beyle, 195

Strategy and Management (journal), 315, 323

Strindberg, Johan August, 199

Structure and Power: Beyond Semiotics (Asada), 278, 284, 285

Su Shaozhi, 303, 304n2, 306

Suassana, Ney, 274

Subaltern Studies, 170

Sugihara Kaoru, 351–2

Svoboda, Ludvík, 33–4, 34n4, 59

Sweezy, Paul Marlor

David Harvey on, 236

Lucio Colletti on, 149

Monopoly Capital, 141

Theory of Capitalist Development, 238

T

Tagliazucchi, Pino, 153–4

Taine, Hippolyte, 13

Tajiri Satoshi, 297–8

Takahashi Tetsuya, 286

Takeshita Noboru, 289–90, 292–3

Tan Fu, 320n11

Tange Kenzo, 299

Taoism, 319

Ten Days That Shook the World (Reed), 93

Ten Theses on Marxism (Korsch), 26

Thatcher, Margaret, 349

Theories of Surplus Value (Marx), 4, 133, 136, 247

Theory of Capitalist Development (Sweezy), 238

The Theory of the Novel (Lukács), 2, 5–6

Third International, 137

Third Period of the Comintern, 67–8

Thompson, Dorothy

Chartism in Wales and Ireland, 104

Early Chartists, 104

Outsiders: Class, Gender and Nation, 104, 105

Over Our Dead Bodies: Women Against the Bomb, 104

overview, ix

Queen Victoria: Gender and Power, 104

Thompson, Edward

on C. Wright Mills, 114–5

Customs in Common, 170

David Harvey on, 239–40

Making of the English Working Class, 170

marriage to Dorothy Thompson, 104, 113–4

Thomson, Sinclair, 172

The Threepenny Opera (musical), 24

Thünen, Johann Heinrich von, 232, 238

Tianya (journal), 307

Tiananmen Square, 204, 300

Tilly, Charles, 339

Times Literary Supplement (journal), 135

Timpanaro, Sebastiano, 131, 131n5

Tintoretto, 193

de Tocqueville, Alexis, 13

Togliatti, Palmiro, 122, 122n1, 126, 146, 151, 280

Toller, Ernst, 6

Tongmenghui, 320

Torres, Juan José, 174

‘Towards a Theory of Capitalist Crisis’ (Arrighi), 336, 348, 349

Towers, Dorothy. See Thompson, Dorothy

Tra marxismo e no (1979), 120

‘The Tragedy of Land’ (Graziano da Silva), 270

Traité d’économie marxiste (Mandel), 173

Transitional Programme (Trotsky), 156

Trento, University of, 330, 335

Tronti, Mario, 170

Trotsky, Leon

Adolfo Gilly on, 169, 179

In Defence of Marxism, 93

Georg Lukács on, 7

Hedda Korsch on, 23

History of the Russian Revolution, 93, 170–1, 176, 177

Inprecor, 93

On Literature and Art, 93

Lucio Colletti on, 144

overview, xii

Revolution Betrayed, 147, 170

Transitional Programme, 156

Trotskyism, 10, 168, 277, 283

Trotskyist Fourth International, ix

Tsutsumi Seiji, 285

Turcios Lima, Luis Augusto, 174

TvEs (township and village enterprises), 312

Twentieth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 44, 44n10, 56, 79–80, 122, 123

Twenty-First Century (journal), 304, 305, 307, 315

U

UCRN (University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland), 330, 332

UDR (União Democrática Republicana), 269n7

Ueda Koichiro, 280

Ukranian Communist Party, 54

Ulbricht, Walter, 54, 54n15

UNAM (Autonomous National University of Mexico), 178, 180, 254, 256

Unger, Roberto, 305

União Democrática Republicana (UDR), 269n7

Unilever, 357–8

Union of Right Forces, 308

United National Democratic Front, 79

United Red Army, 282

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 166

University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (UCRN), 330, 332

University of Birmingham, 104

University of Cambridge, 230, 243, 244

University of Jena, 14

University of Leeds, 234n1

University of Oxford, 243, 244, 248

University of Pennsylvania, 212, 213

University of Trento, 330, 335

University of Washington, 234n2

Uno Kozo, 279, 281, 293, 294

Upper House, 289–90

The Urbanization of Capital (Harvey), 239

US Treasury, 291

USPD (Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany), 20, 20n2

V

Vallejo, César, 170

Van Velsen, Jaap, 332

vAPP (All-Union Progressive Writers’ Association), 10n8

Veja (news magazine), 272, 272n12

Vico, Giovanni, 126

Victoria, Queen of England, 115

Vietnam Solidarity Campaign, 98

Villa, Pancho, 176, 177, 179

Villarroel, Gualberto, 174

Vuskovic, Pedro, 256

W

Walker, Dick, 236

Wall Street Journal (newspaper), 214

Wallerstein, Immanuel, 330, 334, 338, 339

Wang Donxing, 303

Wang Hui

Essence and Substance, 319

The Making of Chinese Modernity, 320

No Room for Hesitation in a Void, 300

overview, ix, x, xi, xiii

Rekindling Frozen Fire, 300

Revolt Against Despair: Lu Xun and His World, 300

The Rise of Modern Chinese Thought, 300, 319

Self-selected Essays, 300

Wang Ruoshi, 301, 303, 304n2

Wang Yuanhua, 306

War Communism, 13

Warsaw Pact, xii, 2, 56, 57

Washington, University of, 234n2

Weathermen, 334

Weber, Max, 6, 286, 340

Weeks, John, 238

Weill, Felix, 21, 24

Wen Jiabao, 348

Western Communist Parties, 144

Whither Czechoslovakia? (Damodaran), 92

Who Are the Friends of the People? (Hegel), 137

Williams, Raymond

The Country and the City, 244

Culture and Society, 321

Politics and Letters, vii

Second Generation, 244

Wilson, E. O., 248, 249

Wilson, Harold, 5, 233

Windelband, Wilhelm, 140

Wittfogel, Karl August, 234n2

Wolpe, Harold, 333

Workers’ Opposition, 221

Workers Party (PT), 263, 263n4, 267, 276, 277

World Bank, 353, 354

World Capitalism (Iwata), 281

‘World Income Inequalities and the Future of Socialism’ (Arrighi), 345, 353

World Trade Organization (wTO), 250, 323, 324

Writers’ Union, 8–9, 85

Wu Jinlian, 322

X

Xueren (journal), 305, 318

Y

Yan Fu, 320

Yan Jiaqi, 306

Yao Yilin, 304, 304n3

Yasuda Yojuro, 293

Yeltsin, Boris, 308, 316

Yon Sosa, Marco Antonio, 174, 175

Yoshimoto Takaaki, 281

Young Communist League, 106

Young People’s Socialist League of the United States, 99

The Young Hegel (Lukács), 148

Yu Hua, 315

Z

Zapata, Emiliano, 176, 177, 274

Zapatista movement, 180–1, 273

Zedillo, Ernesto, 180

Zeiss works, 17–8

Zengakuren, 281

Zhang Kuan, 315

Zhang Taiyan, 317, 319, 320, 325

Zhang Xudong, 315, 316, 316n9, 317

Zhang Yiwu, 315, 317

Zhang Yongle, 301

Zhao Ziyang, 304, 304n3, 306, 311, 323

Zhdanov, Andrei Alexandrovich, 37, 37n7

Zhou En-lai, 304, 325

Zhou Yang, 303, 304n2

Zhu Xueqin, 324

Zi Zhongyun, 313

Zinoviev, Grigory, 7, 71

Žižek, Slavoj, 250

1 There had been earlier interviews, of course, though not of the kind to which this book is devoted. Isaac Deutscher’s historic-political analysis of Israel’s Six-Day War was a masterly exploitation of the interview form (NLR I/44, July–August 1967, pp. 30–45). It is worth mentioning that the inaugural issue of the Review included a conversation between Raymond Williams and Richard Hoggart, ‘Working-class Attitudes’ (NLR I/1, January–February 1960, pp. 26–30).

2 Republished in English in Between Existentialism and Marxism, London 1974, pp. 33–64.

3 Politics and Letters: Interviews with New Left Review, London 1979.

4 Another selection was made for the volume A Movements of Movements: Is Another World Really Possible?, Tom Mertes, ed., London 2004, in which the interview with João Pedro Stédile, reprinted here, also appeared.

5 Antonio Gramsci, ‘Intellectuals and the Organization of Culture’, Selections From Prison Notebooks, ed. and trans. Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith, London 1971, pp. 5–14.

6 ‘A Plea for Intellectuals’, Between Existentialism and Marxism, Tokyo and Kyoto 1965, pp. 228–85.

7 American Power and the New Mandarins, New York 1969.

8 For Wang, see now Zhang Yongle, ‘The Future of the Past: On Wang Hui’s Rise of Modern Chinese Thought’, NLR 62, March–April 2010, pp. 47–83; and for a contextualization of his work within contemporary Chinese intellectual production, see Chaohua Wang, ed., One China, Many Paths, London 2003.

9 Que Horas São? is the title of a book by Roberto Schwarz, partly translated in an English-language selection of his work, Misplaced Ideas: Essays on Brazilian Culture, London 1992.

1 History and Class Consciousness (1923), trans. Rodney Livingstone, London 1971. The Ontology appeared in English in three volumes, trans. David Fernbach, London 1978–79.

2 Trans. Hannah and Stanley Mitchell, London 1962.

3 The Theory of the Novel (1920), trans. Anna Bostock, London 1971.

4 Political Writings 1919–1929: The Question of Parliamentarianism and Other Essays, ed. Rodney Livingstone and trans. Michael McColgan, London 1972.

5 Ibid.

6 David Ryazanov (1870–1938), lifelong revolutionary and an outstanding scholar, founded the Marx–Engels Institute in Moscow in 1920. (Lenin’s name was added a decade later.) His greatest achievement there was his work to create a complete edition of the writings of Marx and Engels. Banished to a labour camp in 1930, eight years later Ryazanov was executed on Stalin’s orders.

7 See now Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Collected Works (Economic Manuscripts 1961–63), vols 30–34, London 1988–94.

8 RAPP, the Russian Association of Proletarian Writers, was created in 1922 as the All-Union Association of Proletarian Writers (VAPP), changing its name in 1928, as it entered the phase of its greatest influence. Insisting on a militant and vigilant ‘proletarian’ orientation in literature and the arts and holding out the promise of a mass cadre of worker-writers, RAPP flourished in the febrile atmosphere of Stalin’s rise to power. Four years later it was officially dissolved for its excessive ambition and general insubordination. It was succeeded at length by the more inclusive and compliant Union of Soviet Writers.

1 The Grand Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen, in central Germany, since the 1920s part of the modern state of Thuringia.

2 USPD: the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany, founded in March 1917 by the left and centre opponents of the SPD’s official pro-war orientation.

3 KPD: the Germany Communist Party, created in 1919 from the nucleus of the revolutionary opposition in Germany Social Democracy, the Spartacists. The USPD’s left majority subsequently fused with the KPD, the Right returning to the SPD.

4 London 1970.

5 London 1938.

6 ‘Ten Theses on Marxism Today’, Telos, 26 (Winter 1975–76).

7 See in the Paul Partos Papers at the International Institute of Social History in the Netherlands (http://www.iisg.nl).

1 Klement Gottwald (1896–1953): founder member of the Czech Communist Party, in which he held successive leading roles. Prime minister, then president of Czechoslovakia between 1948 and his death.

2 Edvard Beneš (1884–1948): a founding figure of the Czech Republic and its second president (1935–38), head of the wartime Czechoslovak government in exile, and first post-war president (1946–48).

3 Rudolf Slánský (1901–52): veteran Communist, lieutenant of Gottwald and his successor as general secretary in 1946. Arrested and charged, at Stalin’s instigation, with high treason in the service of Western imperialism, he was one of eleven out of fourteen Communists found guilty and executed in 1952. Vaclav Kopecký, minister for information and culture in post-war governments.

4 Ludvík Svoboda (1895–1979): much decorated veteran of two world wars and deputy prime minister 1950–51. Having survived several purges in the early fifties, he became president in 1968, retaining that role for seven years, which included the climax and repression of Czech reform Communism and the ‘normalization’ of subsequent years.

5 NKVD: the People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs, for twenty years from 1934 the key executive organ of Stalin’s dictatorship.

6 Informburo, or Cominform: the Communist Information Bureau, an international organization created by Stalin in 1947, four years after the dissolution of the Communist International. It was wound up in 1956.

7 Andrei Alexandrovich Zhdanov (1896–1948): head of the Leningrad party from 1934 and leader of the wartime defence of the city, chair of the Supreme Soviet (1938–47) and organizer of the Cominform, assumed responsibility for cultural policy in 1946, unleashing an infamous phase of censorship and harassment of the arts. His targets included the poet Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966), and the composers Aram Khatchaturian (1903–78) and Dmitri Shostakovich (1906–75).

8 János Kádár (1912–89): leader of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party from 1956 until 1988; chair of the Council of Ministers 1956–58 and 1961–65. Władisław Gomułka (1905–82): first secretary of the Polish Workers Party 1943–48, and an influential member of the provisional governments of 1945–47. He was deposed and imprisoned in the early fifties as a ‘rightist’ and ‘reactionary’, but was rehabilitated and became leader of the Polish United Workers Party in 1956, continuing until 1970.

9 The Piller Report was the outcome of a special commission of the Czech Communist Party convened in April 1968 with Jan Piller as chair and charged with inquiring into the political trials of the early 1950s. Piller, deputy minister for Heavy Engineering, was elected to the Party Praesidium at the same session that saw Alexander Dubcek succeed to the position of first secretary.

10 Bolesław Bierut (1892–1956): the iconic figure of Polish Stalinism, head of the Polish Workers Party from its inception in 1943 and prime minister from 1952 until his mysterious death in Moscow, where he had gone to participate in the Twentieth Congress of the CPSU.

11 Antonín Novotný (1904–75): succeeded Slánský as head of the CPCZ (1951) and Gottwald as president (1957). He was ousted from both positions by reformers in 1968.

12 Ota Šik economist and Central Committee member in the CPCZ, prime architect of the reforms of 1967–68.

13 Walter Scheel (1919–): West German politician instrumental in the formation of the SPD–Free Democrat coalition (1969), in which he served as deputy chancellor and foreign minister, pursuing a policy of detente towards the Eastern bloc.

14 Alexander Dubcek (1921–92), from 1963 leader of the CPCz in Slovakia, where the signs of Spring came earlier than in Prague, and first secretary of the Czechoslovakian party in 1968–69. He was expelled from the party in 1970 and returned to private life. He served as chair of the Czecho-Slovak Federal Assembly in 1989–92.

15 Walter Ulbricht (1893–1973), leader of the East Germany Socialist Unity Party from 1950 to 1971.

16 Mátyás Rákósi (1892–1971): Stalinist leader of the Hungarian Communist Party (later the Hungarian Working People’s Party) between 1948 and 1956.

17 Vasil Bil’ak (1917– ): a lifelong party functionary sidelined for just a year in 1968–69, and an active supporter of Soviet invasion plans. With Alois Indra and three others, he signed the letter of ‘invitation’ to the Soviet authorities. Bil’ak and Indra were to be members of the triumvirate designated to supplant Dubcek.

18 A locomotive works on the outskirts of the city.

1 E. M. S. Namboodiripad, known as E.M.S. (1909–98): became Communist chief minister of Kerala—and the first non-Congress chief minister anywhere in India—in 1956. He sided with the CPI(M) in 1964, later becoming the party’s general secretary. Krishna Pillai (1906–48), an exceptionally talented organizer and a poet, died accidentally while in hiding in 1948.

2 P. C. Joshi (1907–80): first general secretary of the PCI (1935–47), removed after the party’s adoption of the Calcutta Thesis and the turn to armed struggle.

3 A. K. Gopalan (1904–77): veteran of the independence movement and later a long-serving parliamentarian. He went with the CPI(M) in the 1964 split.

4 Subhas Chandra Bose (1897–1945?): an early advocate of complete independence for India and president of the Indian National Congress until clashes with Gandhi led to his stepping down, founded the Indian National Army to fight the British, with Japanese support. A controversial figure for his willingness to deal with the Axis regimes. Jayaprakash Narain (1902–79): a leader of the independence movement. Aruna Asaf Ali (1909–96): prominent in the Quit India campaign. The not so obscure Colonel Lakshmi Sahgal (1914– ) fought in the women’s section of the Indian National Army. A gynaecologist by profession, she joined the CPI(M) in 1971, sitting in the upper house of parliament, and in 2002 running for the Indian presidency on a united left platform.

5 B. T. Ranadive (1904–90): a member of the CPI since 1928 and a leader of AITUC, he displaced Joshi as general secretary of the party in 1948 and was himself deposed some two years later as a‘left adventurist’. From 1964 he was a leader of the CPI(M).

6 Ajoy Ghosh (1909–62), later general secretary of the party, and Shripat Amrit Dange (1899–1991) represented the ‘Indian path’, a strategy framed within constitutional bounds, while Rajeswara Rao (1915–94), also a future general secretary, and Basava Punniah favoured the ‘Chinese path’ of armed struggle.

7 Hare Krishna Konar was the architect of land reform in West Bengal in the 1960s.

8 Roger Garaudy (1913– ): at the time a dissident member of the French Communist Party, expelled in 1970 for his denunciation of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia.

1 The conference took place near Paris in September 1938.

2 The US section of the Fourth International.

1 Outsiders: Class, Gender and Nation, London 1993.

2 Edward Thompson, the historian.

3 Committee of 100: an offshoot of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, founded in 1961 and committed to the tactics of non-violent civil disobedience.

1 Palmiro Togliatti (1893–1964): succeeded Gramsci as leader of the PCI in 1927, and retained that role for the rest of his life.

2 For an introduction to the work of Della Volpe, see NLR 59, January–February 1970, pp. 97–100.

3 See L. Colletti, ‘Stato di Diritto e Sovranità Popolare’, Società, November–December 1960; and V. Gerratana, ‘Democrazia e Stato di Diritto’, Società, November–December 1961—the last issue of the journal. For Gerratana’s work, see his important essay ‘Marx and Darwin’, NLR I/82, November–December 1973.

4 Colletti’s reference is to Kant’s work The Only Possible Ground for a Proof of the Existence of God.

5 Timpanaro’s criticisms of Colletti have been developed in an essay entitled ‘Engels, Materialism, “Free Will”’, included in his volume On Materialism, London 1975. For Timpanaro’s general philosophical positions, see his essay ‘Considerations on Materialism’, NLR I/85, May–June 1974.

6 This passage occurs in the long introduction which Colletti wrote to an edition of Lenin’s Philosophical Notebooks in 1958. The introduction was then reprinted a decade later as the first part of the Italian volume Il Marxismo e Hegel, Bari 1969. The English edition of Marxism and Hegel (London 1973) is a translation of the second part of the Italian volume, which was written as a book in itself by Colletti in 1969. The passage above is to be found in Il Marxismo e Hegel, p. 97.

7 From Rousseau to Lenin, London 1972, p. 185.

8 See the polemic, published in Italian, between Maurice Godelier and Lucien Sève, entitled Marxismo e Strutturalismo, Turin 1970, pp. 126–7.

9 Il Marxismo e Hegel, pp. 169–70.

10 Il Marxismo e Hegel, pp. 126–7.

11 See From Rousseau to Lenin, pp. 232–5.

12 Il Marxismo e Hegel, p. 160.

13 See Colletti’s introduction to L. Colletti and C. Napoleoni, Il Futuro del Capitalismo: Crollo o Sviluppo?, Bari 1970, pp. c-cv ff.

14 From Rousseau to Lenin, pp. 219–27.

15 Colletti’s article on the lessons of Chile was published in L’Espresso, 23 September 1973.

16 Quaderni del carcere, 4 vols, ed. Valentino Gerratana, Turin 1975; and see Prison Notebooks, 3 vols, ed. Joseph A. Buttigieg, New York 1991–2007.

1 Pietro Ingrao (1915–) and Giorgio Amendola (1907–80): parliamentarians and writers, and historic leaders of the PCI’s left and right wings respectively.

2 For Rossana Rossanda (1924– ) and Lucio Magri (1932– ), see, for some relevant background, Rossanda, ‘The Comrade From Milan’, NLR 49, January–February 2008, pp. 76–100; Magri, ‘Parting Words’, NLR 31, January–February 2005, pp. 93–105 and ‘The Tailor of Ulm’, NLR 51, May–June 2008, pp. 47–62.

3 Luig Pintor (1925–2003), editor-in-chief of il manifesto after its mutation from monthly to daily in 1971. Massimo Caprara (1922–2009), for many years secretary to Togliatti, the PCI leader, rediscovered Catholicism as the pole star of his intellectual life. Aldo Natoli (1913– ), was a prominent figure in the PCI’s Rome organizations.

4 CGIL: the Italian General Confederation of Labour, founded 1944 and after 1950 predominantly Communist in orientation.

5 Magri, ‘Problems of the Marxist Theory of the Revolutionary Party’, NLR I/60, March–April 1970, pp. 97–128.

6 CISL and UIL: the Confederation of Italian Labour Unions and the Italian Labour Union, respectively Christian Democrat and Socialist splits from the CGIL in 1950.

1 Juan Posadas (1912–81).

2 For Mandel, see pp. 98–105. Michel Pablo (1911–96) left the Fourth International in 1963 and subsequently became a government minister in Algeria.

3 Ernst Bloch (1885–1977), The Principle of Hope (1938–47), Cambridge, MA 1986.

4 Lázaro Cárdenas del Rio (1895–1970), President of Mexico, 1934–40. The essays are Leon Trotsky, ‘Mexico and British Imperialism’ (1938) and ‘Trade Unions in the Epoch of Imperialist Decay’ (1940).

5 Quaderni rossi (1961–66), one of the formative journals of the Italian New Left.

6 Founded in 1939, Marcha was a leading Latin American political and cultural weekly. Contributors included Che Guevara, Borges, Faulkner, Céline, Cortázar and Vargas Llosa; its first literary editor was the novelist Juan Carlos Onetti. Two of its editors were imprisoned by the Bordaberry dictatorship, which closed it down in 1975.

7 MIR: the Movement of the Revolutionary Left, founded in 1962, inspired by the Cuban example. The Venezuelan FALN (Armed Forces of National Liberation) was founded in 1962.

8 El movimiento guerrillero en Guatemala, Buenos Aires 1965; published in English the same year in two parts by Monthly Review.

9 The Mexican Revolution, translated by Patrick Camiller, London 1983; New York 2005.

10 El cardenismo, una utopía mexicana, Mexico City 1994.

11 The Ginzburg text is ‘Clues: Roots of an Evidential Paradigm’ (1979), in Ginzburg, Clues, Myths and the Historical Method, Baltimore 1989. The three texts—Ginzburg’s, Marcos’s letter and Gilly’s reply—were published, together with an interview with Marcos, as Discusión sobre la historia, Mexico City 1995.

12 ‘Chiapas and the Rebellion of the Enchanted World’ in Daniel Nugent, ed., Rural Revolt in Mexico, Durham, NC 1998.

13 Daily newspaper founded in Mexico City in 1984.

1 Being and Nothingness (1943), trans. Hazel Barnes, New York 1956; Critique of Dialectical Reason, vols 1 (1960) and 2, London 2002, 2006. L’Idiot de la famille appeared in book form in 1971 (vols 1 and 2) and 1972 (vol. 3).

2 Saint Genet: Actor and Martyr (1952), trans. Bernard Frechtman, New York 1963.

3 The Freud Scenario, trans. Quintin Hoare, London 1985.

4 Baudelaire (1947), trans. Martin Turnell, New York 1967; ‘The Prisoner of Venice’ (1957), Situations, trans. Benita Eisler, New York 1965, pp. 9–49; Words, Harmondsworth 1967.

5 The Problem of Method (1960), trans. Hazel Barnes, London 1964 and published in the United States as Search for a Method, New York 1968.

6 The Psychology of Imagination (1940), New York 1948.

7 Oscar Lewis, The Children of Sanchez (1961), London, 1964.

8 Critique, vol. 2.

9 Paul Nizan (1905–40): a close friend of Sartre, Nizan joined the French Communist Party in the late 1920s and became one of its most prominent intellectuals. He resigned from the PCF in 1939 in disgust at the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, and thereafter endured a classic campaign of vilification in the party press. Called up at the outbreak of war, Nizan was killed in action near Dunkirk in May 1940. His novel La Conspiration (1938) is an unsparing group portrait of youthful revolt at the École Normale. (The Conspiracy, trans. Quintin Hoare and with an Afterword by Jean-Paul Sartre, London 1988).

1 The trial and execution, in 1953, of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, two American communists, on charges of conspiracy to commit espionage, provoked widespread protest at home and internationally, among the many who saw in the process a miscarriage of justice, or at least a savagely disproportionate act of retaliation. The case remained controversial for decades. It now appears that Julius was indeed involved in espionage. Ethel’s part, if she had any at all, remains unknown.

2 William Averell Harriman (1891–1986), the son of a railroad baron, served in various domestic and overseas capacities in four US presidential administrations—those of Roosevelt, Truman, Kennedy and Johnson—and was himself a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 1950s. He also served as governor of New York State.

3 W. W. Rostow (1916–2003), an economist and political theorist, was a national security adviser in the Kennedy and Johnson adminstrations, and a vigorous support of the US war on Vietnam. McGeorge Bundy (1919–96), a former intelligence officer and Harvard dean, was chief national security adviser to the same administrations and likewise a staunch advocate of the war.

4 The Kent State massacre, in which Ohio National Guardsmen opened fire on a peaceful campus demonstration against the invasion of Cambodia, killing four students and wounding another nine, occurred not long after this conversation, in May 1970.

5 The Black Panther Party (1966–c.76) was a militant, eclectically revolutionary organization initially focused on black communal self-defence against police brutality but evolving rapidly through black nationalism to a more inclusive socialist outlook. Its disintegration was in part a result of inner incoherence but was hastened by official harassment and repression.

6 Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), government official, diplomat and founder of the Berlin university that bears his name, was an important philologist and contributor to the philosophy of language.

1 Owen Lattimore (1900–89) was a Central Asia scholar whose engagement with the region, especially Mongolia, was autobiographical and commercial before taking academic form in the late 1920s. He was editor of Pacific Affairs in the 1930s, and acted in various specialist advisory capacities for the US government during and after the Second World War. The McCarthyist assault on Lattimore as a Communist and Soviet agent lasted nearly two years, 1950–52, and led to his indictment for perjury. Although the charges were in the end dismissed, the episode ended his involvement in policy matters and effectively undermined his academic career in the USA. Lattimore moved to Britain, where in 1963 he became the first professor of Chinese Studies at the University of Leeds.

2 Karl August Wittfogel (1896–1988), sinologist and occasional playwright, was a member of the German Communist Party from its foundation and an early member of the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research. He emigrated to the United States in the 1930s and from 1947 was professor of Chinese History at the University of Washington. The Nazi–Soviet Pact triggered his conversion to an increasingly vehement and public anti-communism that reached its greatest intensity in his denunciations of Lattimore and others. His major work is Oriental Despotism (1957).

3 See Harvey, ‘Marxism, Metaphors and Ecological Politics’, Monthly Review, vol. 49, no. 11 (April 1998).

1 Francisco Julião (1915–99): leader of the Farmers’ Leagues in the northeast of Brazil, federal deputy for the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB); exiled after the military coup in 1964.

2 INCRA: Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária.

3 IBGE: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística.

4 PT: Partido Trabalhista.

5 Florestan Fernandes (1920–95): doyen of radical sociology in Brazil. Via Dutra: motorway connecting São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.

6 Luís Carlos Prestes (1898–1990): army captain who led a column of insurgents several thousand miles across Brazil in the late 1920s; later leader of the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) until his death.

7 UDR: União Democrática Ruralista, an organization of ranch owners and agrarian capitalists, modelled on the Ku Klux Klan.

8 Rural workers were killed by the police in Corumbiara, Rondônia on 9 August 1995 and at Eldorado dos Carajás on 17 April 1996.

9 Embrapa: Brazilian State Agricultural Research body.

10 DOPS: Department of Political and Social Order.

11 A key Cardoso lieutenant in Congress, president of the Senate, forced to resign after corruption scandals.

12 Veja: the largest circulation news weekly in Brazil.

13 Partido Comunista do Brasil : founded in 1961, a Maoist split from the official Communist Party, PCB.

1 For a detailed English-language account, see Germaine Hoston, The State, Identity and the National Question in China and Japan, Princeton 1994, pp. 221–72.

2 See Gavin McCormack, ‘The Student Left in Japan’, NLR I/65, January–February 1971.

3 See Tessa Morris-Suzuki, ‘For and Against NGOs’, NLR 2, March–April 2000, p. 83.

4 For this conjuncture, and what followed it, see Karel Van Wolferen, ‘Japan in an Age of Uncertainty’, NLR I/200, July–August 1993, pp. 15–41.

5 Miyamoto (b. 1908) died in 2007, in his ninety-ninth year.

6 For English-language accounts of the debate and its post-war sequels, see H. D. Harootunian, ‘Visible Discourses/Invisible Ideologies’, and Sakai Naoki, ‘Modernity and its Critique. The Problem of Universalism and Particularism’, in Masao Miyoshi and H. D. Harootunian, eds, Postmodernism and Japan, Durham 1989, pp. 63–122.

7 The zaibatsu were the industrial and financial conglomerates that dominated the Japanese economy from the later nineteenth century onwards.

8 See Ronald Dore, ‘Maruyama and Japanese Thought’, NLR I/25, May–June 1964, pp. 77–83.

9 Burakumin; a minority group descended from low-caste Japanese and still vulnerable to discrimination.

10 ‘Let’s call it infantile capitalism. This is a remarkable spectacle and, in many senses, deeply interesting. In the manufacturing sector, for example, we may be able to say that Japanese engineers are cleverly manoeuvred into displaying a childlike passion whereby they are easily obsessed by machines. Further, in such a post-industrial area as advertising, people became carried away by wordplay, parody and all the other childlike games of differentiation … In fact, children can play “freely” only when there is some kind of protection. They always play within a certain protected area; and this protected area is precisely the core of the Japanese ideological mechanism—however thinly diffused a core. It is not a “hard” ruling structure which is vertically centralized, but “soft” subsumption by a seemingly horizontal, centreless “place” … Children are running around, each one as fast as possible, at the front lines of the history of capitalism as infantilization proceeds. They are enveloped by a “place” whose age is hardly known—the “place” that is transhistorical in the sense Nishida demonstrated.’ Asada Akira, ‘Infantile Capitalism and Japan’s Postmodernism: a Fairy Tale’, in Miyoshi and Harootunian, eds, Postmodernism and Japan, pp. 273–8.

1 Hua Guofeng was Mao’s short-lived official successor as chairman of the CCP (1976–78). In 1978 Hu Qiaomu—Mao’s secretary during the Yan’an period—and Deng Liqun were respectively president and vice president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

2 Zhou Yang—once Mao’s chief functionary for Literature—was a victim of the Cultural Revolution; Wang Ruoshi was then deputy chief editor of The People’s Daily, Su Shaozhi director of the Institute for Marxism–Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought in the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

3 Yao Yilin was director of the State Planning Commission in the late eighties; Zhao Ziyang was general secretary of the CCP from 1987 to 1989.

4 Fang Lizhi: astrophysicist who became vice president of the new Science and Technology University in Hefei, and leading liberal critic of the government, in the late eighties; now in exile.

5 For He Qinglian, see her article ‘China’s Listing Social Structure’, NLR 5, September–October 2000. Qin Hui: agrarian economist at Qinghua University.

6 Anshan: iron-and-steel complex in Liaoning province, whose shop-floor creativity was hailed in the fifties.

7 Hu Angang: China’s outstanding critic of central-state fiscal weakness and regional polarization.

8 Li Shenzi: vice president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences at the time of his death in 2003.

9 Xudong Zhang, ‘Postmodernism and Post-socialist Society: Cultural Politics in China after the “New Era” ’, NLR I/237, September–October 1999.

10 See Yu Yingsh, ed., Intellectual History in Late Imperial China, Princeton, NJ 1984; Benjamin Elman, From Philosophy to Philology, Cambridge, MA 1984; and Classicism, Politics and Kinship, Berkeley, CA and Oxford 1990.

1 Yan Fu (1854–1921): translator, writer and reformer, champion of evolutionary theory.

12 Mao Dun (1896–1981): leading left novelist of the thirties and forties.

13 Arif Dirlik, Revolution and History: Origins of Marxist Historiography in China, Berkeley, CA 1978.

14 Liang Qichao (1873–1929): key theorist of late Qing reform era.

15 Hu Shih (1891–1962): the leading liberal thinker of the May Fourth generation.

1 See respectively: Arrighi, ‘The Political Economy of Rhodesia’, NLR I/39, September–October 1966; Leys, European Politics in Southern Rhodesia, Oxford 1959; Arrighi, ‘Labour Supplies in Historical Perspective: A Study of the Proletarianization of the African Peasantry in Rhodesia’, collected in Arrighi and John Saul, Essays on the Political Economy of Africa, New York 1973.

2 Ian Smith (1919–2007), prime minister of the British colony of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) from 1964 until 1979 and architect of white settler minority rule in a breakaway state from 1965 onwards.

3 Arrighi, Sviluppo economico e sovrastrutture in Africa, Torino 1969.

4 See, in English, Arrighi, ‘Towards a Theory of Capitalist Crisis’, NLR I/111, September–October 1978; first published in Rassegna Comunista, Nos 2, 3, 4 and 7, Milan 1972–73.

5 See Arrighi and Fortunata Piselli, ‘Capitalist Development in Hostile Environments: Feuds, Class Struggles and Migrations in a Peripheral Region of Southern Italy’, Review (Fernand Braudel Center) vol. x, no. 4, 1987.

6 Beverly J. Silver, Forces of Labour: Workers’ Movements and Globalization Since 1870, Cambridge 2003.

7 Arrighi and Silver, Chaos and Governance in the Modern World System, Minneapolis 1999.

8 Arrighi, ‘Marxist Century, American Century: The Making and Remaking of the World Labour Movement’, NLR I/179, January–February 1990.

9 Arrighi, ‘World Income Inequalities and the Future of Socialism’, NLR I/189, September–October 1991.

10 Arrighi, Takeshi Hamashita and Mark Selden, eds, The Resurgence of East Asia: 500, 150 and 50 Year Perspectives, London 2003.