PART I
1 Boss Town
“Uncle Jumbo”: Welch, 280.
“rule themselves”: Currey, vol. 3, 35.
“My mind was dazzled”: Trachtenberg, 218.
“civilizing strides”: Books of the Fairs, 5.
“fever of rapid”: Ibid., 16.
“Americans take to”: Wolmar, 51.
“Here of all her”: Miller, “The White City.”
“Compared to the bustle”: Martin, Railroads Triumphant, 54.
“The old nations”: Burg, 40–41.
“cynosure and cesspool”: Miller, “The White City.”
“grease so thick”: Ibid.
“solid stink”: Pierce, 311.
“the very Mecca”: Buder, 29.
“the culminating product”: Pullman’s Palace Car Company, 2.
“Chicago asked”: Brands, 33.
“under a sham”: Trachtenberg, 215.
“The free lands”: Turner, 219.
“penniless beginner”: Fink, The Long Gilded Age, 16.
“the seedbed”: Douglas, 206.
“brandishing war-clubs”: Bancroft, 878.
“people are in a state”: Steeples and Whitten, 27.
2 Our Cause Is Just
“this wonderful age”: St. Paul Daily Globe, June 10, 1893, 8.
“Tod has been p-s-ing”: Martin, James J. Hill, 404.
“The floor might have passed”: Steeples, 33.
“The most remarkable day”: New York Times, May 6, 1893, 5.
“it would be a fitting”: Martin, James J. Hill, 404.
“Our cause is just”: Chicago Tribune, February 10, 1893, 3.
“debasing greed”: Salvatore, 88.
“Labor can organize”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 92.
“The time was”: Wiebe, 8.
“more friends than any man”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 93.
“organized railway labor”: Debs, “About the Unions.”
“take whatever steps”: Martin, James J. Hill, 411.
“break the chains”: Salvatore, 120.
“they have violated”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 103–4.
“to go over the Great Northern”: Richard White, 426.
“somewhat awkward”: Page Smith, 521.
“If the other organizations”: Salvatore, 120.
“in which the employees”: Richard White, 428.
“gave the strikers nineteen-twentieths”: Debs, Letters, vol. 1, 68.
“For the first time”: St. Paul Daily Globe, May 2, 1894, 2.
“The greatest tribute”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 106.
3 More Than a Joke
“It will not be long”: Brecher, 82.
“They may be wrong”: Schwantes, 56.
“I am the Great Unknown”: Ibid., 44.
“a manifestation of”: Studenski, 221.
“it doesn’t hurt me”: Brands, 161.
“leaves a trail of”: Schwantes, 147.
“Is there anything foolish”: Rezneck, 334.
“a symptom of”: Howard, 692–3.
“idle, useless”: Ibid., 697.
“There is no telling”: Schwantes, 167.
“The evils of”: Howard, 689.
“We ain’t too good”: Schwantes, 234.
“I’m not afraid”: Ibid., 131.
4 A Heart for Others
“one of the completest”: Indianapolis News, May 2, 1894, 1.
“What has occurred tonight”: Salvatore, 125.
“The locomotive was my”: Gamst, 245.
“I have a little company”: Salvatore, 18.
“I still believe”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 17.
“kept one clean sheet”: Taillon, 22.
“the ceaseless danger”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 19.
“took nerve, coordination”: Wolmar, 197.
“There are too many things”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 20.
“rugged honesty, simple”: Ibid., 21.
“the obligation that”: Taillon, 50.
“is absolutely adored”: Salvatore, 47.
“perfect social equality”: Locomotive Firemen’s Magazine 4, 273 (1880).
“Our fundamental principle”: Salvatore, 58.
“The strike is the weapon”: Ibid., 81.
“the white savage”: Fogelson, 30.
“I have a heart”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 82.
“only clear cut victory”: Salvatore, 125.
5 The Commercial Value of Beauty
“promenaded in all”: Leyendecker, 22.
“He was one of those rare”: Carnegie, 161.
“pitched in pretty deep”: Leyendecker, 63.
“people are always”: Miller, City of the Century, 230.
“Like sleeping on”: Wolmar, 182.
“He will feel his position”: Buder, 209.
“that there will be no”: Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum.
“I have always held”: Gilbert, 155.
“Capital will not invest”: Carl Smith, 184.
“we shall see great”: Buder, 45.
“commercial value of”: Ibid., 43.
6 Well-Wishing Feudalism
“We have never had”: Hirsch, 29.
“all pervading air”: Buder, 102.
“What is seen in a walk”: Gilbert, 135.
“High honor is due”: Ely.
“simply as a matter”: Emerson, 339.
“a needless air of”: Ely.
“where not one single”: Ibid.
“seeing families settle”: Rousiers, 181.
“Nobody regards Pullman”: Buder, 82.
“It was not intended”: Carwardine, 20.
“always enter or leave”: Lindsey, 70.
“looked at but dared”: Buder, 66.
“It is not the American”: Ely.
“We made all the carpets”: United States Strike Commission, 435.
“educational tool in”: Montgomery, 129.
“The wages he pays out”: United States Strike Commission, 88.
“One man has a pay check”: Carwardine, 69.
“I have known men”: United States Strike Commission, 425.
“It was only the friends”: Ibid., 418.
“talk to the men as though”: Ibid., 436.
“the tyrannical and abusive”: Carwardine, 77.
“George is feeling very”: Buder, 154.
“he was always quick”: Ibid., 5.
7 Armies
“If these tramps”: Schwantes, 120.
“a dangerous mob sentiment”: Ibid., 154.
“Public sympathy strongly”: Ibid., 152.
“How in hell do you expect”: Ibid., 149.
“thoughtfully replaced”: Ibid., 174.
“met with enthusiasm”: Anaconda Standard, April 25, 1894, 1.
BLOOD FLOWS: New York Times, April 26, 1894, 1.
“questions of ethics”: Schwantes, 165.
“Such a fantastic aggregation”: Campbell et al., 80.
“lean on the government”: Studenski, 221.
“Up these steps”: Dray, 193.
“I appreciate”: Schwantes, 168.
“Twenty million people”: Prout, 325.
“Clubbing may subdue”: Schwantes, 181.
“They had a right”: Ibid., 183.
8 The Works Are Closed
“the sunny street”: Teaford, 19.
“I never knew a man”: Buder, 31.
“one of the most frigid”: Miller, City of the Century, 228.
“about as hot”: Buder, 31.
“I have no other interest”: Wagenknecht, 87.
“work for lower wages”: Buder, 151.
“we will stand by it”: Chicago Tribune, May 10, 1894, 1.
“Mr. Pullman, we want”: Ibid.
“Is there a man here”: Ibid.
NO STRIKE JUST NOW: Ibid.
“the committee was received”: Newberry Library, “Report of a Meeting Held Under the Auspices of the American Railway Union.”
“of the same impudent”: Chicago History Museum, “Report, May 10, 1894.”
“It is so long since”: Chicago Tribune, May 12, 1893, 1.
“most unpleasant surprise”: Ibid., 6.
“The boys were bound”: Ibid., 1.
“And on that proposition”: Lindsey, 126.
PART II
9 Nothing to Arbitrate
“codfish, coal oil”: Locomotive Firemen’s Magazine 11, 8 (1887).
“I am with you heart”: Stead, 177.
“I believe a rich”: Lindsey, 124.
“it will be the duty”: Boase, 89.
“as quiet as a New”: Papke, 21.
“specious interest in”: Menand, 373.
“We are sunk under a mass”: Knight, 285.
“It is merciful and necessary”: Badger, 39.
“at a time when mistakes”: Lindsey, 125.
“there is nothing needed”: Buder, 171.
“left in the cold”: Ibid.
“There is danger in extremes”: Debs, “President’s Keynote.”
“a window behind which”: Knight, 314.
“we had made a beginning”: Ibid.
“It was impossible to come”: Schneirov et al., The Pullman Strike, 135.
“that broad conscience”: Ibid., 136.
“unrest, discontent, and fear”: Knight, 314.
“blackest man with the whitest”: Tye, 25.
“Everything is in the line”: Locomotive Firemen’s Magazine 11, 9 (1887).
“by nature adapted faithfully”: Wolmar, 186.
“I am not here to advocate”: Arnesen, 29.
“would not ‘brother’ the negro”: Taillon, 58.
“if we do not admit the colored man”: Arnesen, 29.
“It is not the colored man’s fault”: Ibid.
“a different story of the strike”: Ibid., 30.
10 Dance of Skeletons
“Twenty thousand souls”: United States Strike Commission, 87.
“We are born in a Pullman”: Ginger, Altgeld’s America, 149.
“when a man is sober”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 113.
“We go into the market”: Kaufman, 40.
“And so the merry war”: United States Strike Commission, 88.
“Many a time”: Carwardine, 78.
“We ask you to come”: Lindsey, 129.
“monumental monster”: Chicago Tribune, June 16, 1984, 3.
“The situation with regard”: United States Strike Commission, 92.
“The forces of labor must unite”: Debs, “President’s Keynote.”
“Unless the Pullman Palace Car”: United States Strike Commission, 94.
“likely to precipitate a”: Chicago Tribune, June 24, 1894, 1.
“sensational developments”: Chicago Tribune, June 27, 1894, 2.
“Look out for tomorrow”: Ibid.
11 The Crisis Has Come
“If the railroad companies”: Chicago Tribune, June 27, 1894, 2.
“the Illinois Central, Chicago”: Dray, 201.
“We do not wish to interfere”: Chicago Tribune, June 27, 1894, 2.
“be postponed and our”: W. Thomas White, 25.
“There will be no settlement”: Ibid.
“who say they are bound to quit”: Chicago Tribune, June 29, 1894, 8.
“I think there is no necessity”: Eggert, Railroad Labor Disputes, 157.
“The fight is on”: New York Times, July 1, 1894, 1.
“Strike situation very serious”: Leyendecker, 225.
“My anxiety is very great”: Buder, 141.
“This trouble has now outgrown”: Chicago Tribune, June 29, 1894, 7.
12 We Mean Business
“Though the people support”: Beatty, 195.
“no harm shall come to”: Ibid., 194.
“under-government, from the failure”: Clark, 39.
“The corporation plunders”: Beatty, 305.
“problems of management”: Lindsey, 115.
“I regard the Pullman Company”: Carwardine, 63.
“We mean business”: Chicago Tribune, June 29, 1894, 1.
“Portly officials”: Lewis, 223.
“we will coax them”: Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1894, 2.
“We have organized to resist”: New York Times, June 29, 1894, 1.
“I think we should get men”: Deverell, 70.
“in reality it will be a struggle”: Lindsey, 136.
13 Not a Wheel Moving
“my nerves were more thrilled”: Menand, 295.
“I can see no good reason”: San Francisco Call, July 1, 1894, 6.
“dignity of labor while excluding”: Adelman et al., 613.
“The starvation of a nation”: Menand, 300.
“Mr. Pullman is not being considered”: Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1894, 5.
“assumed the proportions of”: New York Times, June 29, 1894, 1.
“to starve the people”: Chicago Tribune, June 30, 1894, 1.
“We have in our power”: Chicago Tribune, June 29, 1894, 8.
“Mr. Pullman’s bouillon”: Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1894, 3.
“I appeal to the striking men”: New York Times, June 30, 1894, 1.
“I do not see how the police”: Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1894, 5.
“law or anarchism”: Schwantes, 196.
“so-called railroad kings”: Ibid.
“a man of brains”: Edwards, 202.
“Deputations of little girls”: Labor, 71.
“These men”: Schwantes, 271.
“This movement”: Ibid., 133.
“These men who feel”: Ibid., 260.
14 Disaster Threatens
“for once will feel”: Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1894, 1.
“The ultimate disaster”: New York Times, July 1, 1894, 1.
“not shown any disposition”: Schwantes, 162.
“raised truculence”: Welch, 143.
“The government might with”: Salvatore, 131.
“It has seemed to me that if”: Barnard, 287.
“advisable not merely”: Ibid.
“all regular mail trains”: United States Department of Justice, 58.
“I feel that the true way”: Barnard, 287.
“because they refused to turn”: Lindsey, 280.
“waging an active war in Colorado”: Ibid., 168.
“bladder-belly bosses”: Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1894, 4.
“LAW IS TRAMPLED ON”: Chicago Tribune, June 30, 1893, 3.
“GREATEST STRIKE IN HISTORY”: New York Times, July 1, 1894, 1.
15 To a Standstill
“emotional intellectual”: Salvatore, 66.
“I have always been partial”: Karsner, 106.
“an artist, adventurer”: Sandburg, 214.
“There’s nothing ’at’s patheticker”: Young, 15.
“And there’s ’Gene Debs”: Riley, 374.
“the strikers have shown”: Chicago Tribune, July 2, 1894, 9.
“We want to win as”: Salvatore, 133.
“fought to a standstill”: Lindsey, 144.
“practically a network”: United States Strike Commission, xliv.
“Pay no attention to rumors”: Lindsey, 245.
“stupidly managed”: Deverell, 65.
“the passenger depot”: San Francisco Call, July 3, 1894, 1.
“This looks more like a fair”: Deverell, 73.
“Peace officers here are”: Ibid.
“an earnest individualist”: National Cyclopaedia, 253.
“any act whatever”: United States Supreme Court, 572.
“Gatling gun on paper”: New York Times, July 3, 1894, 1.
“so broad and sweeping”: Papke, 42.
16 Ragged Edge
“if strike not settled”: Winston, 554.
“conspirators and lawless”: Lindsey, 144.
“force which is overwhelming”: Barnard, 287.
“the belligerent invasion”: Eugene E. Leach, 214.
“neurasthenia and dipsomania”: Chicago Tribune, July 8, 1894, 3.
“a seething mass of smells”: Buder, 184.
“cold-hearted, cold-blooded”: Lindsey, 318.
“More dangerous and menacing”: New York World, July 3, 1894, 1.
“almost everyone on Halsted Street”: Schneirov, Labor and Urban Politics, 338.
“marks him peculiarly”: Shaw, 87.
“from among those”: Altgeld, 21.
“I will be a dead man”: Dray, 207.
“to encourage again the spirit”: New York Times, June 28, 1893, 4.
“a typical German anarchist”: Barnard, 18.
“I have reason to fear”: Ibid., 291.
“A standing military force”: Madison, vol. 2, 992.
“I do not understand”: Lindsey, 246.
“nobody wanted to be the first”: Chicago Tribune, July 3, 1894, 1.
“in all his dignity was rolled”: Barnard, 289.
“literally fell over one another”: Chicago Tribune, July 3, 1894, 1.
“I command you in the name”: Ibid.
“I am here at Blue Island”: Barnard, 289.
“Congratulate you upon the legal”: United States Department of Justice, 65.
“more threatening and far”: Eggert, Richard Olney, 142.
“a number of baggage cars”: Barnard, 289.
“Believe that no force”: Ibid.
“be the judge on questions”: Eggert, Richard Olney, 142.
“We have been brought”: Lindsey, 245.
PART III
17 We Shall Have Debs
“They’re regulars, Theodore”: Salvatore, 133.
“destroying property, the stigma”: Lindsey, 174–5.
“the mania of owning things”: Whitman, 56.
“No one cared to take the risk”: Chicago Tribune, July 5, 1894, 2.
“should not be scattered or divided”: Connelly, 287.
“to protect federal property”: Ibid.
“quieter than a blue law Sunday”: Chicago Tribune, July 5, 1894, 2.
“he preserves his customary calmness”: New York Times, July 5, 1894, 2.
“The story of the origin”: Ibid.
“The first shot fired”: Lindsey, 175.
“It is corporation greed”: New York Times, July 5, 1894, 2.
“The subject has now passed”: Lindsey, 171.
“It has now become a fight”: Salvatore, 131.
“Every man who has trampled”: Chicago Tribune, July 5, 1894, 3.
“with the sullen defiance”: Cozzens, 450.
“I have never heard of a more brutal”: Wooster, 194.
“for display or for picnic purposes”: Chicago Tribune, July 5, 1894, 3.
“like a flock of frightened sheep”: New York Times, July 5, 1894, 1.
“not so much to quell a riot”: Dray, 210.
“thugs, thieves, and ex-convicts”: Ibid., 211.
“It was hoped the presence of the troops”: Chicago Tribune, July 5, 1894, 1.
“Mr. Debs where the hair is short”: Ibid.
“Where’s my fireman”: Ibid., 2.
“No act of violence or mob action”: Frank A. Leach.
“You will fire low, and fire to kill”: Deverell, 75.
“to go over to the scene of the strife”: Sacramento Daily Union, July 5, 1894, 1.
“Don’t you know that we were raised”: Richard White, 445.
“soldiers and strikers were wandering”: Ibid.
“first instance of this sort”: New York Times, July 5, 1894, 8.
18 Strike Fever
“A grave crisis is before Chicago”: Chicago Tribune, July 6, 1894, 2.
“extraordinary coolness of the men”: Indianapolis Journal, July 6, 1894, 1.
“if Miles would do less talking”: Eggert, Richard Olney, 146.
“or you would not have taken”: Barnard, 295.
“Federal troops were sent to Chicago”: New York Times, July 6, 1894, 2.
“involves some startling conclusions”: New York Times, July 7, 1894, 1.
“I neither transcended my authority”: Barnard, 307.
“the especial representative”: Chicago Tribune, July 7, 1894, 4.
“a sausage-maker from Wurttemberg”: Barnard, 299.
“amid the wildest enthusiasm”: New York Times, July 6, 1894, 2.
“acted as a kind of wet blanket”: New York Times, July 5, 1894, 2.
“the most efficient protection”: Nevins, 620.
“There is no glory shooting”: Lindsey, 199.
“guards or custodians of private”: Ibid., 200.
“utterly unable to cope”: New York Times, July 6, 1894, 2.
“The police and the soldiers”: Ibid.
“California fruits are now”: Ibid., 1.
“this idea of shooting down”: Deverell, 82.
“Deputy United States Marshals have”: New York Times, July 6, 1894, 3.
GOV. WAITE ON: Ibid.
“entirely of their own accord”: Ibid., 2.
“want of the actual necessaries”: Chicago Tribune, July 6, 1894, 2.
“the spectacle of Mr. Pullman fanned”: New York Times, July 6, 1894, 2.
“A million of men stand ready”: Durham Globe, July 6, 1894, 4.
“an instrument of oppression”: New York Times, July 6, 1894, 2.
“neither make nor accept any”: Chicago Tribune, July 6, 1894, 5.
“There was no regret”: Miller, City of the Century, 550.
“O, it’s all over”: Chicago Tribune, July 6, 1894, 7.
19 Pandemonium
“Alarm becoming general among”: United States Department of Justice, 73.
“the dominant characteristic”: Badger, 36.
“All America”: Miller, “The White City.”
“the very sight of a bluecoat”: Salvatore, 132.
MOB WILL IS LAW: Lindsey, 311.
“will be fired upon”: Miller, City of the Century, 545.
“war of the bloodiest”: Lindsey, 311.
“are not strikers, most of them”: Foner, History of the Labor Movement, 270.
“none of the wild howlings”: Chicago Tribune, July 7, 1894, 1.
“We have it upon reliable authority”: Debs et al., Organized Labor’s Demands, 5.
“were armed and paid by”: Barnard, 312.
“they caught men in the act”: Ibid., 313.
“feast of famine”: W. Thomas White, 29.
“the pliant tools of the codfish”: Ibid., 33.
“If it takes the entire army”: Menand, 300.
“a battle for supremacy between”: Ibid., 57.
“I am running this town”: Ibid., 61.
“strike upon any railroad”: United States Department of Justice, 72.
“We have assurance”: Chicago Tribune, July 7, 1894, 2.
“any gentlemen of standing”: Ibid., 5.
“Let Mr. Pullman agree”: Chicago Tribune, July 8, 1894, 12.
“a general cessation”: Chicago Tribune, July 7, 1894, 1.
“You had all better get on”: Ibid., 4.
“The fight is on, and our”: Ibid., 2.
“moving mass of shouting”: Brands, 154.
20 Day of Blood
“Capital has combined to enslave”: Lindsey, 268.
“Blood has been spilled”: John H. Smith.
“shied a stone at the soldiers”: Chicago Times, July 8, 1894, 5.
“not inclined to be merciful”: Chicago Tribune, July 8, 1894, 1.
IS A DAY OF BLOOD: Ibid.
“Terrible scenes at Chicago”: Steinway.
“Civil war is imminent”: Chicago Tribune, July 8, 1894, 3.
“roughs from Chicago”: Clark, 147.
“They were firing directly at us”: Miller, City of the Century, 545.
“I would like to know by what authority”: Lindsey, 260.
“Federal troops shooting citizens”: Ibid.
“It will be necessary for the military”: Tuchman, 456.
21 I, Grover
“I am so worn out and tired”: Chicago Tribune, July 9, 1894, 5.
“Pullman could have”: New York Times, July 9, 1894, 2.
“Let [the employees] return to us”: Chicago Tribune, July 9, 1894, 5.
“only two roads are making any”: Chicago Tribune, July 8, 1894, 10.
“He will not be arrested”: Ibid.
“I consider our position impregnable”: Ibid.
“quietest day that the neighborhood”: New York Times, July 9, 1894, 2.
“Relic hunters and camera-snappers”: Chicago Tribune, July 9, 1894, 8.
“bloomer girl much in evidence”: Ibid.
“The pulse of the great strike”: New York Times, July 9, 1894, 1.
“may have a bad effect on the mob”: Chicago Tribune, July 8, 1894, 2.
“from the ravage and persecution”: Ibid., 10.
“If you want to save united labor”: Chicago Tribune, July 9, 1894, 1.
“If this fight is won”: Chicago Tribune, July 10, 1894, 2.
“I, Grover Cleveland, President”: Chicago Tribune, July 9, 1894, 1.
“amounts to the same thing”: Ibid.
“with the wine of special privilege”: Chicago Inter Ocean, July 9, 1894, 5.
“We have not come to the bridge”: Chicago Inter Ocean, July 8, 1894, 4.
“The Pullman Company has taken”: Chicago Inter Ocean, July 10, 1894, 2.
22 Watching a Man Drown
“a serious mistake has been made”: Chicago Tribune, July 11, 1894, 1.
“open war against the state”: Lindsey, 312.
“We will win”: Chicago Tribune, July 10, 1894, 4.
“cheerful and hopeful”: Ibid.
“He has ten hopes to your one hope”: Traubel, 40.
“in behalf of the community”: New York Times, July 10, 1894, 1.
“A crisis has been reached”: New York Times, July 11, 1894, 2.
“a remodeling of the Government”: New York Times, July 10, 1894, 3.
“The question”: Chicago Tribune, July 10, 1894, 5.
“make an effort to bring order”: New York Times, July 10, 1894, 3.
“disperse and retire peaceably”: Ibid.
“rioters or anarchists have”: Wooster, 199.
“the opportunities of life”: New York Times, July 11, 1894, 1.
“The arrest will not deter”: Chicago Tribune, July 11, 1894, 1.
“It is no longer a question of right”: Ibid., 7.
“As to whether they will be criminally”: Chicago Tribune, July 12, 1894, 1.
“their Springfields leveled threateningly”: San Francisco Call, July 12, 1894, 1.
“orderly and law-abiding”: Chicago Tribune, July 11, 1894, 2.
“I for one will die rather than submit”: Ibid., 5.
“To strike now”: Ibid., 2.
23 Last Resort
“it was not expected that all”: Chicago Tribune, July 12, 1894, 1.
“develops the more subtle qualities”: Gompers, 7.
“one of the most brainy men”: Salvatore, 102.
“disruptive movement”: Ibid., 126.
“I would make an injury”: Ibid., 136.
“go slow on Chicago meeting”: Foner, History of the Labor Movement, 272.
“men who were clothed with responsibility”: Salvatore, 125.
“one of capital and labor”: Taft, 78.
“calm, dispassionate”: United States Strike Commission, 191.
“proposition as a basis of settlement”: Taft, 79.
“Sacrifices … will have their”: Ibid., 80.
“The conference regarded the proposition”: United States Strike Commission, 191.
“The heart of Labor everywhere”: Debs et al., Organized Labor’s Demands, 10.
“one of the final blows that crushed”: Salvatore, 136.
“saving the people of this country”: Foner, History of the Labor Movement, 273.
“such a course would destroy”: Salvatore, 136.
PART IV
24 The Poor Striker
“Eugene V. Debs is battling in the cause”: New York Times, July 13, 1894, 6.
“a great victory for the labor”: San Francisco Call, July 13, 1894, 1.
“The deplorable events”: Chicago Tribune, July 14, 1894, 1.
“terms of surrender”: Ibid.
“in good humor”: Ibid.
“It doesn’t make any”: Ibid.
“no men will be discharged”: Chicago Tribune, July 12, 1894, 1.
“We will win our fight”: Lindsey, 235.
“Pay no attention to newspaper”: Chicago Tribune, July 14, 1894, 1.
“tied up as stiff as a petrified”: Chicago Tribune, July 15, 1894, 1.
“enter the field to spread”: Ibid.
“There is no dispute to be settled”: Ibid., 2.
“We started out with a demand”: Ibid., 1.
“plotting methods of destruction”: Wooster, 200.
“We will test the question”: Chicago Tribune, July 18, 1894, 8.
“I would rather be a free man”: Ibid.
“Stand by your principles”: Debs, Debs: His Life, 66.
“a graceful woman of strong”: Chicago Tribune, July 19, 1894, 1.
“sparklers of about a carat”: Salvatore, 141.
“The poor striker who is arrested”: Lindsey, 282.
“there would be no more boycotting”: Ibid., 285.
“free, voluntary and peaceable action”: Ibid., 287.
“Take action to have all classes”: Chicago Tribune, July 18, 1894, 8.
“Save your money and buy a gun”: Kersten, 71.
“I don’t believe the strike”: Chicago Tribune, July 14, 1894, 1.
“These works will be opened”: Chicago Tribune, July 19, 1894, 1.
“I have always told the men”: Chicago Tribune, July 17, 1894, 1.
“Because,” he said, “when a man asks”: United States Strike Commission, 438.
“Starvation stares us in the face”: Lindsey, 339.
“very quiet, worn out by the strike”: Leyendecker, 231.
“practically given their lives to you”: Burns, 301.
“The men are hungry and the women”: Lindsey, 340.
“doubt that there are many cases of need”: Barnard, 327.
“all humane and charitably disposed”: Ibid.
25 Everything Was at Stake
“the most thorough examination”: Buder, 187.
“particularly anxious”: United States Strike Commission, 129.
“so adjusted that every dollar”: Ibid., 130.
“broken the backbone”: Ibid., 144.
“It was in the crisis when everything”: Ibid., 146.
“about the 6th day of July”: Ibid., 145.
“unrestricted foreign immigration”: Ibid., 170.
“No matter what may be said”: Ibid.
“To avert railroad strikes”: Ibid., 163.
“I believe,” he said, “in a cooperative”: Ibid., 170.
“Working people are the most important”: Ibid., 529.
“I don’t know just what you mean by”: Ibid., 545.
“The wage question is settled”: Ibid., 557.
“borne some losses for employees”: Ibid., 554.
“divides its profits with the people”: Ibid.
“Would it not have been a good”: Ibid., 565.
“the wages had been fixed”: Ibid.
“what is known to workmen”: Ibid., 566.
“It was the principle involved”: Ibid., 553.
“impossible for the company”: Ibid., 556.
“stubbornness in men is often”: Wright, 143.
“Are you at the town of Pullman”: United States Strike Commission, 538.
“Because it is not easy”: Ibid., 567.
“the rapid concentration of power”: Ibid., xlvii.
“The Pullman Company”: Ibid., xxvii.
“different policy would have prevented”: Ibid., xlii.
“the persistent and shrewdly”: Ibid., xxxi.
“There is no evidence before the commission”: Ibid., xlv.
“apply some of the features involved”: Schneirov, Labor and Urban Politics, 341.
“Much of the real responsibility”: United States Strike Commission, xlvi.
“if I am a prophet, it really”: Menand, 297.
“warning to the employing class”: Carwardine, xli.
“practically a bill of rights for labor”: Rezneck, 337.
“might as well try to stop Niagara”: Lindsey, 358.
“stronger to-day, numerically”: United States Strike Commission, 175.
26 Strikes and Their Causes
“kindlier, gentler, more generous”: Lindsey, 107.
“bum profession … utterly”: Kersten, 45.
“no man should be allowed to play”: Eggert, Richard Olney, 165.
“four more dastardly criminals”: Papke, 48.
“advise workmen to go upon a strike”: Ibid., 49.
“Would you believe it”: Ibid., 50.
“club to defeat the effort”: Ibid., 55.
“that man whose name”: Kersten, 73.
“There is something wrong”: Papke, 56.
“refusing to work for”: Lindsey, 295.
“Man is by nature”: Papke, 66.
“an experimental piece”: Ibid., 72.
“decided rightly enough”: Ibid., 67.
“closest attention”: Ibid., 72.
“to deprive workingmen”: Kersten, 77.
“Strikes are deplorable”: Lindsey, 295.
“but freedom does not consist”: Trachtenberg, 233.
“the right to consider”: Ibid., 232.
“to heated declamations”: Ibid., 78.
“the strong arm of”: United States Supreme Court, 158.
“mere force of numbers”: Wiebe, 93.
“sordid despotism of wealth”: Beatty, 203.
“flagrantly usurped jurisdiction”: Ibid.
“a notice to all Anarchists”: Papke, 78.
“left the law so biased”: Ibid., 79.
“I shall go into history”: Dray, 214.
27 The Common Heartbeat
“A man who won’t meet”: Lindsey, 319.
“was never the same after”: Buder, 206.
“During all those dark”: Addams, Twenty Years, 139.
“paralyzing consciousness”: Knight, 88.
“the larger solidarity”: Ibid., 328.
“Are you content that”: Ibid.
“spent a million of dollars”: Elshtain, 167.
“heaped extraordinary”: Ibid.
“We must learn to trust”: Knight, 330–31.
“the rhythm of the common”: Addams, “The Modern Lear.”
“These sudden thunder”: Leyendecker, 254.
“Letter rec’d am entirely”: Chicago History Museum.
“any sick child whom”: Chicago Tribune, October 20, 1894, 1.
“The body of George M. Pullman”: Chicago Tribune, October 24, 1894, 1.
“takes rank with the most”: Chicago Tribune, October 31, 1897, 32.
“He is on equality”: Lindsey, 342.
28 True to Man
“dignified manner”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 176.
“He smiles frequently”: Bly.
“delivered the first impassioned”: Papke, 86.
“wept and cheered and laughed”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 176.
GO WILD OVER: Dray, 224.
“the most popular man”: Cashman, 626.
“Manifestly, the spirit”: Salvatore, 153.
“imperious, arrogant”: Beatty, 363.
“blunt the fangs”: Coletta, 170.
“I have been a Democrat”: Dray, 22.
“cannibalistic, with men”: Papke, 87.
“In the gleam of every bayonet”: Carl S. Smith, 237.
“Money constitutes”: Papke, 87.
“The capitalist politician”: Debs, Debs: His Life, 448.
“Socialism is not just”: Salvatore, 193.
“I heard him speak”: Le Prade, 22.
“grandest industrial”: Debs, Debs: His Life, 204.
“The Debs of fable”: Traubel, 40.
“in spite of the fact”: Foner, History of the Labor Movement, 278.
“The American workers”: Debs, Debs: His Life, 353.
“the most visible”: Salvatore, 232.
“the world only respects”: Ibid., 230.
“Comrades, this is”: Watson, 133.
“any disloyal, profane”: Debs, Letters, vol. 3, 6.
“the master class”: Ginger, The Bending Cross, 358.
“American institutions”: Salvatore, 295.
“Years ago I recognized”: Ibid.
“by union men”: Ibid., 316.
“An awful loneliness”: Ibid., 300.
“beloved little community”: Ibid., 22.
“I had a strange dream”: Ibid., 315.
“His words made men”: Ibid., 232.
“that old man with the burning”: Ibid., 225.
29 Solidarity
“the mass of wage-earners”: Schneirov, Labor and Urban Politics, 341.
“autocracy in the shop”: Beatty, 279.
“restrictive labor contracts”: Chicago Tribune, January 20, 1981, 44.
“the dance of skeletons”: United States Strike Commission, 88.