Photo Credits

Page references are an approximate based on the print book.

Courtesy of the Author: 31, 33, 45, 61, 101, 109, 135, 167, 201, 207, 267, 293, 389, 423, 467, 509

Courtesy of National Archives and Records Administration: 155, 189, 221, 223, 225, 265, 307, 321, 337, 375, 397, 401, 441, 461, 463, 471

Courtesy of National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health: 72, 73, 77, 81, 83, 95, 118, 121, 140, 157, 166, 169, 178, 203, 209, 210, 251, 255, 261, 272, 284, 295, 329, 344, 345, 383

Courtesy of Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress: p. 113 LC-DIG-hec-11308; p. 127 LC-DIG-ds-04518; p. 131 The Donaldson Litho. Co., Newport, KY; p. 137 LC-DIG-ggbain-36662; p. 138 LC-USZ62-94957; p. 148 LC-DIG-ggbain-06516; p. 151 LC-DIG-ppmsca-10504 DLC; p. 171 LC-USZ62-126207; p. 191 LC-DIG-ppmsca-07205; p. 197 LC-DIG-ppmsca-01589; p. 219 LC-USZC4-6231; p. 228 LC-USZ62-120226; p. 237 LC-DIG-npcc-20061; p. 243 LC-USF34-T01-031938-D; p. 279 LC-USZ62-112521; p. 291 LC-DIG-ppmsca-19004; p. 317 LC-USZ62-129059; p. 327 LC-DIG-ppmsca-12818; p. 357 LC-DIG-highsm-13090; p. 363 LC-DIG-ppmsca-25923; p. 381 HABS MASS,9-CAMB,25—2; p. 395 LC-DIG-fsac-1a34951; p. 421 LC-USZ6-1847; p. 440 LC-USZ62-128465; p. 451 LC-DIG-fsa-8b29516; p. 465 LC-DIG-highsm-16040; p. 469 LC-DIG-ppmsca-28689

Courtesy of Stephanie Machiwita: 17, 311, 425, 433

Used under license from Shutterstock.com: p. 27 © tamir niv; p. 29 © Panos Karas; p. 68 © Georgios Kollidas; p. 103 © CLIPAREA / Custom media; p. 119 © Michelle D. Millman; p. 133 © Tereshchenko Dmitry; p. 141 © Neftali; p. 147 © James Horning; p. 181 © Everett Collection; p. 195 © Andresr; p. 235 © Christopher Meade; p. 263 © mast3r; p. 285 © A pyro Design; p. 298 © justaa; p. 309 © Stokkete; p. 331 © Blend Images; p. 343 © CLIPAREA / Custom media; p. 347 © agsandrew; p. 365 © Im Perfect Lazybones; p. 371 © maxim ibragimov; p. 393 © albund; p. 415 © 2xSamsara.com; p. 445 © EpicStockMedia; p. 455 © racorn; p. 457 © Sylvie Bouchard; p. 459 © MNStudio; p. 481 © Olinchuk; p. 491 © Blue Iris; p. 493 © Papa Bravo; p. 495 © shooarts; p. 501 © Lisa F. Young; p. 505 © CLIPAREA / Custom media; p. 511 © Aleshyn_Andrei; p. 515 © James Steidl

Other Images: p. 5 The Yorck Project; p. 18 Rama/Wikimedia; p. 19 Museo del Prado/Wikimedia; p. 21 Dorotheum/Wikimedia; p. 23 National Library of Australia; p. 25 Courtesy of Gillian Fernandopulle; p. 35 Courtesy of Dover Publications; p. 37 Dschingis Khan und seine Erben/Wikimedia; p. 39 © The Art Gallery Collection/Alamy; p. 41 The Yorck Project; p. 42 Web Gallery of Art/Wikimedia; p. 43 Louvre Museum/Wikimedia; p. 47 Frick Collection/Wikimedia; p 49 © Mary Evans Picture Library; p. 50 Wikimedia; p. 51 The Montaigne Project/Wikimedia; p. 53 Wikimedia; p. 55 Rama/Wikimedia; p. 57 Rare Book & Special Collections Division, Library of Congress; p. 59 © Dr Michel Royon/Wikimedia; p. 63 Old Book Art Image Gallery/Wikimedia; p. 65 Patafisik & Elena Tartaglione/Wikimedia; p. 67 Pete/Flickr; p. 69 DesertEagle/Wikimedia; p. 71 Plínio Ganzer Moreira/Wikimedia; p. 75 © rook/age fotostock; p. 79 Jastrow/Wikimedia; p. 82 Minivalley/Wikimedia; p. 84 Wikimedia; p. 85 J. E. Kunte, Gustav Theodor Fechner. Leipzig: Breikopf & Hartel, 1892; p. 87 Stefano Bolognini/Wikimedia; p. 89 Wikimedia; p. 91 Dorotheum/Wikimedia; p. 93 © Image Asset Management Ltd./Alamy; p. 94 Gage family of Texas photo collection/Wikimedia; p. 96 Cacophony/Wikimedia; p. 97 The Yorck Project; p. 98 sevenroads.org/Wikimedia; p. 99 Daderot/Wikimedia; p. 100 Wikimedia; p. 105 Illustrated London News, March 11, 1854; p. 107 Hampel Auctions/Wikimedia; p. 108 BenRG/Wikimedia; p. 111 Mouagip/Wikimedia; p. 115 Petr Kratochvil/Pixabay; pp. 117, 120 Virtual Laboratory at Max Planck Institute; p. 123 © Mary Evans Picture Library/Alamy; p. 124 BIU Santé/Wikimedia; p. 125 Hans-Peter Haack/Wikimedia; p. 127 Joseph.valet/Wikimedia; p 134 Houghton Library/Wikimedia; p. 139 Namiba/Wikimedia; p. 143 Courtesy of Dover Publications; p. 144 Cambridge University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, 1898; p. 145 Nicolas Guérin/Wikimedia; p. 149 Vanity Fair, July 5, 1900; p. 153 Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya/Wikimedia; p. 158 Perry Point VA Hospital, Perry Point, MD; p. 159 Tekashifuka/Wikimedia; p. 161 Museum Kunstpalast/Wikimedia; p. 163 Dominik Schwarz/Wikimedia; p. 165 Anagoria/Wikimedia; p. 173 Ariadne3/Wikimedia; p. 174 Svajcr/Wikimedia; p. 175 Daniel Case/Wikimedia; p. 176 Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung, 1936; p. 177 Brigitte Werner/Pixabay; p. 179 Metropolitan Museum, New York; p. 183 Wikimedia; p. 185 Virtual Laboratory at Max Planck Institute; p. 187 Courtesy of Cornell Rare Books and Manuscripts; p. 193 DENker/Wikimedia; p. 199 © IWM (Q 3990); p. 205 Report to the Surgeon General, National Academy; p. 211 Ravnen (The Raven), February 17, 1901; p. 213 Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie/Wikimedia; p. 215 Swtch/Wikimedia; p. 217 Mco44/Wikimedia; p. 227 Dorotheum/Wikimedia; p. 229 National Library of New Zealand, c. 1890; p. 231 Janet Stephens, National Cancer Institute, 1992; p. 233 York University Archives; p. 239 David Shankbone/Wikimedia; p. 241 Boberger/Wikimedia; p. 245 The Book of Knowledge, Volume XVII, 1919; p. 247 Museo del Prado/Wikimedia; p. 249 Cliff/Flickr; p. 253 Dirk Schumacher/Pixabay; p. 257 National Security Agency; p. 259 © Stephanie Pilick/AFP/Getty Images; p. 269 Rama/Wikimedia; p. 271 Ben Franske/Wikimedia; p. 275 “Leading Breeds of Dogs,” F. E. Wright, 1910; p. 277 Aaron Parecki/Flickr; p. 281 Factoryjoe/Wikimedia; p. 283 RIbberlin/Wikimedia; p. 287 Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza/Wikimedia; p. 289 U.S. Department of Defense; p. 297 University of Toronto; p. 301 Vincent Steenberg/Wikimedia; p. 303 © Paul D. Stewart/Science Source; p. 305 Sotheby’s (N08826)/Wikimedia; p. 313 Wikimedia; p. 315 John Atherton/Flickr; p. 319 Jacob Baart de la Faille, The Works of Vincent van Gogh. His Paintings and Drawings, Amsterdam: J.M. Meulenhoff, no. 499, 1928; p. 322 Max Planck Gesellschaft; p. 323 © Superbass / CC-BY-SA-3.0 (via Wikimedia Commons); p. 333 The Yorck Project; p. 335 © Tomas Castelazo; p. 339 Thomas & Dianne Jones/Flickr; p. 341 Silly rabbit/Wikimedia; p. 349 Wikimedia; p. 351 Morn/Wikimedia; p. 353 liz west/Flickr; p. 355 © Bettmann/Corbis; p. 359 Piotr Wojtkowski/Pixabay; p. 361 Grzegorz Wysocki/Wikimedia; p. 367 gandhiserve.org/Wikimedia; p. 369 NASA; p. 373 Gerd Altmann/Pixabay; p. 377 George Hodan/Pixabay; p. 379 Courtesy of Cornell Rare Books and Manuscripts; p. 385 VICTOR VIC/Flickr; p. 387 Cromemco/Wikimedia; p. 391 Harvey W. Cohen/Wikimedia; p. 396 Amphis/Wikimedia; p. 399 Israel National Photo Collection; p. 403 Archives of American Art; p. 405 Kunsthistorisches Museum/Wikimedia; p. 407 Wikimedia; p. 409 Courtesy Society for Psychological Study of Social Issues; p. 411 Cybershot800i/Wikimedia; p. 413 Courtesy of Barry Applebee; p. 417 Vassil/Wikimedia; p. 419 © Christoph Michels; p. 427 The Yorck Project; p. 429 Dagoos/Wikimedia; p. 431 ptwo/Flickr; p. 435 jprw/Wikimedia; p. 437 Tomf688/Wikimedia; p. 439 Konrad Summers/Flickr; p. 443 Yann/Wikimedia; p. 447 Musée de Picardie/Wikimedia; p. 449 Bonvallite/Wikimedia; p. 453 Buchhändler/Wikimedia; p. 473 Alte Nationalgalerie/Wikimedia; p. 475 Künstlerkolonie Worpswede/Wikimedia; p. 477 The Yorck Project; p. 479 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services; p. 483 The Yorck Project; p. 485 Lucien leGrey/Wikimedia; p. 487 U.S. Navy; p. 489 © Remi Mathis; p. 497 Huhu Uet/Wikimedia; p. 499 James Steakley/Wikimedia; p. 503 Gerd Altmann/Pixabay; p. 507 © Nevit Dilmen; p. 513 Wikimedia