1 The King at Bay
1.Colgrave, Bertram (1985). Felix’s Life of Saint Guthlac. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge), p. 87
2. Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), p. 132.
3. Ibid., p. 84.
2 The Boy Born Not to Be King
1. Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), p. 71.
2. Ibid., p. 72.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid., p. 68.
5. Ibid., p. 75.
6. Ingram, Revd James (trans.) (1912). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Everyman Press (London).
7. Ingram, 851.
8. Bede (1990). Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Penguin (London).
9. Keynes and Lapidge, p. 69.
10. Ibid., p. 232.
11. Ibid., p. 70.
12. Sedgefield, Walter (1900). King Alfred’s Version of the Consolations of Boethius: Done into Modern English.
13. Keynes and Lapidge, p. 174.
14. Ibid., p. 73.
3 The Invaders Invaded
1. Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), p. 73.
2. Nelson, Janet L. (2004). ‘Æthelwulf (d. 858)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press (Oxford).
3. Ibid.
4. Keynes & Lapidge, p. 174.
5. Ibid.
6. Ingram, Revd James (trans.) (1912). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Everyman Press (London).
7. Keynes and Lapidge, p. 74.
8. Whitelock, Dorothy (1979). English Historical Documents; Volume 1, 500–1041. Eyre & Spottiswode (London), p. 842.
9. Keynes and Lapidge, p. 99.
10. Keynes and Lapidge, p. 77.
11. Ingram.
12. Ibid.
13. Sweet, Henry (ed.) and Kenneth Cutler (trans.) (1961). ‘The Martyrdom of St Edmund, King of East Anglia’ in Anglo-Saxon Primer. Clarendon Press (Oxford).
14. Ibid.
4 The Year of Battles
1 Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), p. 78.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid., p. 79.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid., pp. 132–133.
6. Ibid., p. 80.
5 Buying Time
1. Sturdy, David (1995). Alfred the Great. Constable (London), p. 127.
2. Biddle, M. and Kjølbye-Biddle, B. (1992). ‘Repton and the Vikings’, in Antiquity: A Quarterly Review of Archaeology. Volume 66, Number 250, pp. 36–51.
3. Whitelock, Dorothy (1979). English Historical Documents; Volume 1, 500–1041. Eyre & Spottiswode (London), p. 194.
6 To Kill a King
1. Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), p. 81.
2. Whitelock, Dorothy (1979). English Historical Documents; Volume 1, 500–1041. Eyre & Spottiswode (London), p. 542.
7 Out of the Marshes
1. Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), p. 84.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid., p. 85.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid., p. 171.
8 Rebuilding
1. Alexander, Michael (1977). The Earliest English Poems. Penguin (Harmondsworth), p. 107.
2. Ibid.
3. Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), pp. 124–125.
4. Brooks, Nicholas (1984). The Early History of the Church of Canterbury. Leicester University Press (Leicester), pp. 172–173.
5. Keynes and Lapidge, p. 99.
6. Ibid., p. 126.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid., p. 132.
10. Ibid., p. 126.
11. Ibid., p. 148.
12. Ibid., p. 90
13. Ibid., p. 93.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid., p. 97.
17. Ibid., p. 105.
18. Ibid., p. 183.
19. Ibid., pp. 113–114.
9 Landhold
1. Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), p. 96.
2. Ibid., pp. 97–98.
3. Bede (1990). Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Penguin (London), pp. 107–108.
4. Sturdy, David (1995). Alfred the Great. Constable (London), p. 176.
5. Ibid., p. 201.
6. Robertson, A. J. (1956). Anglo-Saxon Charters. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge), pp. 496–496.
10 Back to the Barricades
1. Abels, Richard (1988). Lordship and Military Obligation in Anglo-Saxon England. British Museum Publications (London), p. 285.
2. Bately, Janet (ed.) (1980). The Old English Orosius. Oxford University Press (Oxford), p. 83.
3. Sturdy, David (1995). Alfred the Great. Constable (London), p. 174.
4. Ibid., p. 175.
5. Ibid., p. 204.
6. Keynes, Simon and Lapidge, Michael (trans) (2004). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. Penguin (London), p. 118.
7. Abels, p. 280.
8. Ibid., p. 120.
12 The Post-Mortem Story of Alfred
1. Stevenson, W. H. (ed.) (1904). Asser’s Life of King Alfred, together with the Annals of Saint Neots. Clarendon Press (Oxford), p. 147.
2. Giles, J. A. (1847). William of Malmesbury’s Chronicle of the Kings of England. Henry G. Bohn (London), p. 121; Edwards, E. (ed.) (1866). Liber Monasterii de Hyda. Longmans (London), 76.
3. De Gray Birch, W. (ed.) (1892). Liber Vitae: Register and Martyrology of New Minster and Hyde Abbey, Winchester. Simpkin and Co. (London), p. 5; Edwards, p. 76.
4. Edwards, p. 83.
5. De Gray Birch, p. 6.
6. Giles, p. 128.
7. Ibid., p. 147.
8. See, for example, Milner (1809), pp. 225–226; and Bogan, P. (1986). ‘Where is King Alfred Buried?’, Winchester Cathedral Record 55, p. 27, although he wrongly states that Ælfflæd was Edward’s daughter.
9. Giles, p. 124.
10. Hardy, T. D. (1840). Willelmi Malmesbiriensis Monachi, Gesta Regum Anglorum. Sumptibus Societatis (London), pp. 197–8.
11. Giles, p. 125; Edwards, p. 113.
12. Gibson, E. (1722). Britannia, or a Chorographical Description of Great Britain and Ireland, Together with the Adjacent Islands. Written in Latin by William Camden and Translated into English, with Additions and Improvements. Awnsham Churchill (London), p. 142.
13. Gibson, p. 142.
14. Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1865). Annales Monastici vol. II. Longmans (London), p. 43.
15. De Gray Birch, p. 6; Edwards, p. 82.
16. Thomas, I. G. (1974). The Cult of Saints’ Relics in Medieval England. PhD thesis (University of London), p. 189.
17. Thorpe, B. (ed.) (1861). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Vol. II: Translation. Longmans (London), p. 132.
18. Grierson, P. (1940). ‘Grimbald of St. Bertin’s’, English Historical Review 220, p. 558.
19. Dodsworth, R. and Dugdale, G. (1655). Monasticon Anglicanum Vol. I. Hodgkinson (London), pp. 211–212.
20. Crook, J. (2000). The Architectural Setting of the Cult of Saints in the early Christian West. Oxford University Press (Oxford), pp. 219–221.
21. Smith, L. T. (1907). The Itinerary of John Leland. George Bell (London), p. 272.
22. Forester, T. (ed.) (1854). The Chronicle of Florence of Worcester with the Two Continuations. Henry Bohn (London), p. 283.
23. Bowker, A. (1902). The King Alfred Millenary: A Record of the Proceedings of the National Commemoration. Macmillan (London), p. 65.
24. Ibid., pp. 65–66.
25. Hughes, T. (1901). Alfred the Great. Macmillan (London), p. 302.
26. Ibid., p. 303.
27. See Milner (1820), pp. 89–90; Crook.
28. Church Monuments Society. ‘Notes and Queries about the Mortuary Chests’.
29. Smith, p. 283.
30. Howard, H. (1800). ‘Enquiries Concerning the Tomb of King Alfred, at Hyde Abbey, near Winchester’, Archaeologia 13 (1800).
31. Ibid., p. 311.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Ibid.
35. Milner (1820), p. 238.
36. Hampshire Chronicle, 11 January 1867.
37. Hampshire Chronicle, 19 January 1867.
38. Hampshire Chronicle, 26 January 1867.
39. Hampshire Chronicle, 2 February 1867.
40. Mellor, J. (1871). The Curious Particulars Related to King Alfred’s Death and Burial Never Before Made Public. James Gibbs (Canterbury).
41. Ibid., p. 15.
42. Ibid.
43. Ibid., pp. 15–16.
44. Ibid., p. 16.
45. Mellor, p. 11.
46. Collier, C. (1870). ‘Report of Committee Appointed to Enquire into the Reputed Discoveries at Hyde’, Proceedings of the Winchester and Hampshire Scientific and Literary Society 1, p. 22.
47. Collier, p. 23; Wright, J. P. (1968). ‘Remarkable Skulls’, The Gentleman’s Magazine 225.
48. Wright.
49. HRO Ref. 94M85W/1.
50. Mellor, p. 16.
13 The Unmarked Grave and the Search for Alfred
1. See, for example, Silverman, R. (2013). ‘After Richard III, Archaeologists Set Their Sights on Alfred the Great’. The Telegraph, 5 February 2013; Whipple, T. (2013). ‘Alfred the Great Next in Line to Be Dug Up’, The Times, 5 February 2013.
2. BBC (2013). ‘Richard III Dig: DNA Confirms Bones are King’s’. BBC News, 4 February 2013.
3. Mellor, J. (1871). The Curious Particulars Related to King Alfred’s Death and Burial Never Before Made Public. James Gibbs (Canterbury), p. 19.
4. Scobie, G. S. ‘Report on the Excavations at Hyde Abbey, 1995–9’. Winchester Museums Archive: HA 95–99; and forthcoming.
5. See, for example, Kennedy, M. (1999). ‘Riddle of Alfred’s Bones’. The Guardian, 27 October 1999.
6. Milner (1820), p. 238.
7. Hampshire Chronicle, 11 January 1867.
8. Howard, H. (1800). ‘Enquiries Concerning the Tomb of King Alfred, at Hyde Abbey, near Winchester’, Archaeologia 13 (1800).
9. Mellor, p. 16.
10. Ibid., p. 6.
11. Bowker, A. (1902). The King Alfred Millenary: A Record of the Proceedings of the National Commemoration. Macmillan (London), p. 67.
12. Howard, p. 311.
13. Charter of Aethelred S845 (Edwards, E. (ed.) (1866). Liber Monasterii de Hyda. Longmans (London), pp. 228–231).
14. Howard, p. 311.
15. University of Bristol (2010). ‘Bones Confirmed as those of Saxon Princess Eadgyth’. University of Bristol, 17 June 2010.
16. Southern Daily Echo (2014). ‘DNA Tests Begin on Bones of “King Canute”’. Southern Daily Echo, 17 April 2014.
17. Church Monuments Society. ‘Notes and Queries about the Mortuary Chests’.