The majority of the characters in Second Summer of War are fictional; however, a few of them require a note of explanation.
THE ROYAL FAMILY: King George III and Queen Charlotte had a large family. Six daughters and seven sons lived to adulthood, including their eldest son, George, the Prince Regent (later George IV), and their third son, William, the Duke of Clarence (later William IV), both of whom appear in Second Summer of War. Their two youngest sons, Octavius and Alfred, died when they were young children. George III and Queen Charlotte did not have a son named Henry. In creating the fictitious father of my fictitious Emily, I bestowed upon him the title of Duke of Wessex, having borrowed it from the present Earl of Wessex, Queen Elizabeth’s son Edward. I imagined Henry to have been born between the Duke of Cumberland and the Duke of Sussex, as Queen Charlotte — who was pregnant most years of her early marriage — had a window of childbearing opportunity between these two sons.
WILLIAM, DUKE OF CLARENCE: Although Emily’s Uncle Clarence is not a fictitious character, the adventures he has in Second Summer of War are imaginary. I did, however, try my best to stay true to his personality and temperament. He was described as being loud, boorish, and impulsive, and fond of bawdy jokes, but he was also generous and good-natured. For twenty years he lived in domestic bliss with Mrs. Dora Jordan, a popular stage actress, at Bushy House, and though they were not legally married they had ten children together. He was, in fact, appointed Admiral of the Fleet by his brother the Regent in December 1811, and later, upon his brother’s death, became King William IV.
FRANCIS “FLY” AUSTEN: Fly was one of Jane Austen’s most beloved brothers. He enjoyed a long life and a distinguished naval career. Many of the personal details I gave to his character are true to his appearance and nature, but I did take literary licence with regard to the experiences I had him endure during the War of 1812. He did fight the Americans, but not as a commander of HMS Isabelle nor a “fighting” passenger on HMS Amethyst, and by 1813 he had long since been promoted to captain. But I like to imagine that the well-respected, intelligent, courageous, and humourous Fly Austen in Second Summer of War is very similar to the man that once was.
ROYAL NAVY SHIPS: Although there have been several ships known as HMS Amethyst and HMS Illustrious, the vessels and their crews in Second Summer of War are fictional.
The following appear in the text and warrant a word of explanation:
Page 18 — The prison on Melville Island, Halifax, housed several American prisoners of war during the War of 1812.
Page 22 — During the exchange on deck in this scene, Emily hears an unnamed officer quote lines from The Sluggard by Isaac Watts (1674–1748).
Page 23 — Georgiana Cavendish, the Duchess of Devonshire (1757–1806), was known for her beauty and her sense of fashion, including her elaborate hats.
Page 31 — Princess Charlotte (1796–1817) was the only child of the Prince Regent (later George IV) and his wife, Caroline of Brunswick.
Page 48 — Tom o’ Bedlam was the name given to former inmates of London’s Bethlem Royal Hospital (otherwise known as Bedlam), which treated those suffering from mental illness.
Page 63 — The lines of verse are taken from the eighteenth-century seamen’s song Can of Grog.
Page 102 — Boodle’s was a men’s club on St. James’s Street, London.
Page 122 — An Orange and a Slice refers to the Orange Prince of Holland and the Duke of Gloucester who were both romantically linked to Princess Charlotte in 1813.
Page 151 — Burgoo is a thick oatmeal porridge or gruel that was regular fare in a seaman’s diet.
Page 166 — Ratafia was a popular fruit and almond-flavoured liqueur.
Page 167 — A buck was a young, spirited man whose interests included the pursuit of pleasure, often of a debauched nature.
Page 167 — Sir Henry Halford (1766–1844) was a royal and society physician who attended King George III from 1793 until his death in 1820.
Page 168 — The Old Bailey (aka the Central Criminal Court) was so named for the street in London on which it was built, and over the years thousands of criminal cases have been heard here. Newgate Prison once stood next to it.
Page 185 – Tothill Fields was a slum area in London known for its brothels and grog shops.
Page 186 — A fop was a man who took a great interest in his clothes, which were often extravagant and worn in the hopes of securing attention and setting a new fashion trend.
Page 197 — Stovies is a Scottish dish of stewed onions and potatoes.
Page 199 — Leander Braden and Biscuit utter a prayer that is a variation of the one commonly used when a man was buried at sea. In their case, however, they can recall neither the words nor their order.
Page 212 — Tossing a cannonball along the deck and knocking a man off his feet was called shot rolling. The crew often did this to the officers prior to carrying out a mutiny.
Page 235 — Mrs. Maria Fitzherbert (1756–1837) was a mistress of the Prince Regent. They were secretly married in 1785, but their marriage contract was an invalid one.
Page 258 — Sparring and boxing matches were a popular form of entertainment held at the Fives Court in St. Martin’s Lane, London.
Page 275 — Prime Minister Spencer Perceval was assassinated on May 11, 1812.
Page 318 — Wymering Parish Church (the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul) was founded in the twelfth century and is located in Wymering, Portsmouth. Francis Austen was laid to rest in its churchyard upon his death in 1865.