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Abdülhamid I, Ottoman Sultan, 207
Abdülhamid II, Ottoman Sultan, 207–9
Abdullah, King of Jordan, 295
abortion, 254
Abu Dhabi, xii
Acemoglu, Daron, 5
Adams, Abigail, 133–34, 140, 310
Adams, John, 133–34, 310
Adventures of Augie March, The (Bellow), 302
African Americans, 19
after-school jobs, 104–5
Agamemnon, 214–15
Agincourt, Battle of, 142
aging population, 38–39
agriculture, 150
in Meiji Revolution, 261–62
in Ottoman Empire, 206
in Palestine, 291
in Tokugawa shogunate, 260
Agriculture Department, US, 95
airline deregulation, 117–18
air pollution, 16
Alabama, 100
Albania, 52, 209
Alexander (of Epirus), 178, 179
Alexander, King of Greece, 215–16
Alexander, popularity of name, 171–72
Alexander the Great, 12, 31, 168, 171–96, 200, 205, 298, 309
Aristotle’s tutoring of, 174–75
birth of, 174
coins minted by, 187
cultures ruled by, 186–88
death of, 196
father’s banishing of, 178
legacy of, 195–96
lessons from, 183
loyalty created by, 186–87
mission of, 171
sexuality of, 175–76
skills of warrior learned by, 175–76
superiority claimed by, 190–92
Ali, Muhammad, 136, 139–40
Allen, Woody, 62
Allenby, Edmund, 215
alpacas, 280
Al Qaeda, 160, 189
Amadeus (Shaffer), 57
American Dehydrated Onion and Garlic Association, 117
American dream, 2
American flag, 184
American Revolution, 80, 81, 82, 143
Americans All! (Christy), 156
Anatolia, 219
Anchorage, Alaska, xii
ancient cultures, 24
Andaman Islands, 297
Andes, 280
animals, 26
Anything Goes (musical), 309
apartheid, x
Apatow, Judd, 23
Apple, 53, 69, 151
apps, 124
Argentina, 39, 309
crash in, 8
Aristotle, 29–30, 174–75, 307, 309
Arizona, 120
Arlington National Cemetery, 135, 136
Armenia, 22
Armenians, 221, 232
Arthur, King, 167, 192
Asian Americans, 106, 129
Asians, 22
Asian Tigers, 94
Assembly, Athenian, 183
Assyrians, in Turkey, 231
Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, 168, 197–204, 234, 277, 298
Australians and British praised by, 213–14
birth of, 198
caliph dismissed by, 222–23
children of, 234
death of, 233–34
fashion sense of, 202–3
in Gallipoli, 212–15, 216
in Italo-Turkish War, 211
legacy of, 232–34
Mehmed VI’s fear of, 219
mission of, 197
modernization and westernization pushed by, 221–22, 227–28, 229, 234
murder plot against, 233
optimism of, 233
put in charge of republic, 220
religion disdained by, 222–24, 305
Turkey’s birth declared by, 209
and women’s rights, 224–26
Young Turks joined by, 209
Atatürkonomics, 232
Athens, 31, 181, 183
Attalus, 180, 182
Augustus, Emperor of Rome, 32, 34
Australia, 107
in Gallipoli campaign, 212, 213
gold rush in, xii
Austria, 57, 58, 65, 110
see also Habsburg empire
Ayers, Bill, 299
Aztecs, 24
Baath Party, Iraqi, 189
baby boomers, 10, 87–88, 318
number of, 15
Balfour Declaration, 289, 290
Balkan League, 209
Balkans, 57
Balloon Council, 117
bananas, 272
Bangladesh, 52
bankruptcy, 76–77
banks, 87
in Turkey, 206–7
Barbados, 280
barbarians, 141
Baron Cohen, Sacha, 217
baseball, 102
Basques, 61
Bataan death march, 139
Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother (Chua), 128
bauxite, 280
BBC, 46
Bear Stearns, 8
Beauty and the Beast (film), 23
Becker, Gary, 26–27
Belgium, 61
Bellamy, Edward, 122
Bellavista Fort, 275, 278
Belle Epoque, 35
Bellow, Saul, 302, 303
Ben-Gurion, David, 286, 290, 293, 294
Berlin Wall, 316
Bernstein, Leonard, 135, 303
Betzig, Laura, 24
Beverly Hillbillies, The (TV show), 92–93
Bevin, Ernest, 290
Bible, 23
Bill of Rights, US, 250
Biloxi Blues (Simon), 155, 156
birds, 140–41
BIRG (bask in the reflected glory), 137–38
birth control:
in ancient world, 30
in Great Britain, 36
birth control pill, 17
birthrates, falling, 8, 15–42, 298
in China, 19–20
in France, 35, 36
in Great Britain, 35–36, 42
in Greece, 31–32, 34
immigration and, 41–42, 61
in Japan, 21
and middle class, 18
modern rule of thumb on, 36
in Rome, 33
in Sparta, 29–31, 34
traditional societies and, 21–26
in US, 19
birthrates, in Japan, 37
Birthright USA, 317
Bismarck, Otto von, 101–2
Black Sea, 211
Bloom, Sol, 155–56
Bo, 297
Boa, 297, 300
Bob Hope Christmas Special, 9
Boeing, 63, 69
Bohemia, 300
Bonaparte Visits the Plague Stricken in Jaffa (Gros), 313–14
bonding, 131–39
of Companions, 184–85, 191, 192
see also group identity
bonds (securities), 87, 89–91, 93, 156, 257, 258, 315
sharia-compliant, 206–7
Bono, 2
books, 129–30
borrowing, 87
Bosnia-Herzegovina, 162
bottled water, 43–45
Bowling Alone (Putnam), 162
brain, 110–11
Brazil, 27
Breaking Bad (TV show), 130
Brendan Byrne Arena, 315
Bridges, John, 76
Brighton Beach Memoirs (Simon), 154, 155
British Bankruptcy Acts, 76
British War Council, 212
Brooke, Rupert, 142, 214
Brooks, Arthur C., 111
Bucephalus, 177
Bulgaria, 204, 209
Bulge, Battle of the, 147
Bunker Hill, Battle of, 147
bureaucracies, 72, 117–19, 298
licensing and, 119–21, 319
and schools, 123–24
Burma, 52
Burton, Richard, 174
Bush, George H. W., 287
Bushido, 241–42
Byrne, Brendan, 314–15
Byron, George Gordon, Lord, 277
Byzantium, 174
cacophony, 156, 157–58
Café Landtmann, 58
Cagney, James, 45–46
Calderón, Rafael, 272, 273, 274
California, 43, 292
subprime mortgages in, 77
call centers, 64
Callisthenes, 195–96
Callixeina, 175
calluses, 156–57
Cambodia, 299
camels, 206
Canada, 280
Cape Town, South Africa, 25
Capital in the Twenty-First Century (Piketty), 5
capitalism, 299
contradictions of, xi
Capote, Truman, 303
capture theory, 117
Caria, 178
Caribbean League, 274
Carnegie, Andrew, 60, 257
Carnegie Mellon, 262
carpets, 206
Carson, Johnny, 17
Carson, Rachel, 17
Cartago, Costa Rica, 275
Carter, Jimmy, ix, 192, 314
Casablanca (film), 1, 2
Castro, Fidel, 51, 274, 275, 277
Castro, Raul, 51
Catalans, 61
Cato the Elder, 63
cats, 18
CBS News, 89
Ceausescu, Elena, 314
Ceausescu, Nicolae, 45, 314
Chamber of Deputies, 207, 209
Charles, Emperor of Austria-Hungary, 57–58
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, 55, 56
Charter Oath, Japanese, 253, 254, 258, 262
cheating, 5–6, 113
Cheney, Dick, 188–89
Chetty, Raj, 104
Chevalier, Maurice, 35
Chicago, Ill., 123
children:
development of, 310–11
as luxury goods, 26
parents taken care of by, 20, 22
trade-off between quantity and quality of, 26–27
Children’s Place, 18
Chile, 280
China, 23, 24, 34, 52, 64, 67, 75, 141
birth rates in, 19
declining work ethic in, 115–17
gender bias in, 25
stock market crash in, 8
Choshu domain, 248, 250–51
Christie, Agatha, 201
Christie, Chris, 122
Christy, Howard Chandler, 155–56
Chrysler, 235
Chua, Amy, 128
Churchill, Winston, 142, 215, 216, 289
Cincinnatus, 276–77
Cisco, 53
citizenship, renunciation of, ix–x, 2
civic institutions, 16
Civil Aeronautics Board, 117
Civil War, US, 82, 210
Clarkson, Kelly, 315
Clemenceau, Georges, 216–17
Cleopatra, 178
Cleveland, Ohio, 12
Clinton, Bill, 319
Coca-Cola, 45–46, 66, 89
Code of Hammurabi, 115
coffee, 272
Cohan, George M., 153
coins, 187
Cold War, 162
Cole, Nat King, 140
collapse, and prosperity, 5, 6
college, 20
college endowments, 75
Colombia, 39
Colonial Office, 290
Columbus, Christopher, 308–9
Columbus Day, 308, 312
commercialism, 16
commodities, 75, 86–87
commodity bubble, 8
communication, 156, 158–59
communism, 51, 168, 231
Communist Manifesto (Marx and Engels), 267
Communist Party, Costa Rican, 274, 276
Companions, 184–85, 191, 192
computers, 158
Confederate flag, 184
confidence, 69–70, 148
Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, A (Twain), 167
Connery, Sean, 61
Constantinople, 55, 207, 218–19, 221
occupation of, 217, 228
Constitution, Costa Rican, 276
Constitution, US, 143
Consumer Reports, 122
Cooper, Martin, 124
Copland, Aaron, 303
Corinth, 174
corn, 75
corporations, 151
Corregidor, 139
Cosby, Bill, 315
Costa Rica, 12, 52, 54, 168, 268
black immigrants in, 276
constitution of, 276
education in, 276
poverty in, 270
voting rights in, 276
World War II internment camp in, 272–73
cotton, 261–62, 263
counterculture, 16
creative destruction, 121
Crete, 74, 209
Crimean War, 206
crime rates, in 1960s, 6
Croatia, 162
Crossman, Richard, 290
Crystal, Billy, 129
Cuba, 280
Cuban Americans, 39–40
Cuban Revolution, 51
culture:
bonding and, 135, 141–42
entropy of, 9–11, 169
evolution of, 301–2, 321
homeland and, 286–92
humor and, 127–29
immigrants and, 16, 39–40, 41, 187
Meiji Revolution and, see Meiji Revolution
melding of, 187–89, 198–99
reproduction and, 23–24, 35, 41
survival of, 129–42, 297
volunteerism and, 40
cyberspace, 2
Cyprus, 8, 66
Cyropolis, 191
Cyrus the Great, 191
Czechoslovakia, 300
Czech Republic, 57
Dahl, Roald, 49
daimyo, 239–40, 258
conspicuous consumption of, 243
and opening of Japan, 247–48
Dante, 172, 183, 195, 196
Dardanelles, 211
Darius III, King, 188, 190
Datsun, 235
David, King, 286
debt, 71–95, 298
benefits of, 72–76
long-term, 89–90
of Ottomans, 206
public vs. private, 79–80
rising, 8
short-term, 90
wealth and, 72, 86–87
debt, US, 318
interest rates on, 88
recent growth in, 88–89, 90–91
Declaration of Independence, Israeli, 294
Declaration of Independence, US, 294, 310
deficits, 86
Degas, Edgar, 244
de Gaulle, Charles, 3
Dejima, 245
Dell Computer, 151
Deloitte, 99
Demosthenes, 181, 182, 183
De Niro, Robert, 145
Denmark, 110
Denver, Colo., 283
dialectical materialism, 299–300
Diamond, Jared, 94, 280
disability payments, 5, 106–9, 111, 319
discrimination, 153
Disney, 17, 89, 90
Disraeli, Benjamin, 310
divorce, 225
dogs, 18–19, 20
dollar, US 87
Dominican Republic, 290
Donald Duck, 17
dopamine, 110
dot.com stock crash, 8
drivers’ licenses, 103, 104
Duckworth, Angela Lee, 148–49
East African Bottling Share Company, 46
East Asia crash, 8
East Germany, 316
economic growth, x–xi, 150–51
of Habsburg empire, 58, 59
in isolated economies, 51–52
in Israel, 291–92
of Ottoman Empire, 206
in Palestine, 291
sports and, 102–3
trade and, 50–52
see also prosperity
Edo, 242
education, 27
in Costa Rica, 276
in Meiji Revolution, 262
in Turkey, 229
Efendi, Semsi, 203
Egypt, 12, 24, 129, 186, 188
in Yom Kippur War, 295
Ehrlich, Paul, 17, 25–26
Eight Point Plan, 250, 251, 254
Eijanaika (film), 252
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 298
elections, Costa Rican, 274–75, 1948
elections, US, of 2012, 4
Elizabeth, Empress of Austria, 58
Elizabeth I, Queen of England, 309
Elizabeth II, Queen of England, 287–88
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 257
employment rate, 98
Energy crash, 8
Engels, Friedrich, 267
England, Victorian, 18
entrepreneurship, 99
entropy:
fighting, 316–20
globalization and, 7–8, 11–12
of nations, 298
Erdogan, Recep Tayyip, 226, 231
Ethiopia, 46
Eurozone, 86
exceptionalism, 190–92
Exodus, 290, 311
Facebook, 2, 9, 53, 69
factor endowment, 280
family, 132
“Fanfare for the Common Man” (Copland), 303
Fannie Mae, 77, 78, 93
Farrell, Colin, 174
fascism, 113
Faulkner, William, 32
FBI, 315
Federal Express, 89, 117–18
Federal Reserve, 91, 98–99
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, 55
fertility, 19–21
age and, 37–38
in Japan, 21, 37, 87
in Turkey, 226
fez, 227
50 Cent, 86
Figueres, Henrietta Boggs, 271, 273, 276
Figueres Ferrer, Jose Maria (Don Pepe), 168, 268, 269–78
army abolished by, 275–76
Calderón denounced by, 273
education of, 270–71
farming by, 271
guns smuggled into Costa Rica by, 274
in march to capital, 275
mission of, 269
power in Costa Rica taken by, 275
reforms of, 276, 277
retirement of, 276, 277
as terrorism, 268, 271
terrorism stopped by, 269
FIJI water, 43–44
Fikret, Tevfik, 207
Fillmore, Millard, 246
Finland, 316
Finlay, George, 35
fireworks, 133–34, 310
fish, 18, 255–56
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 322
Fixed Period, The (Trollope), 100, 101
Flemish, 61
Food and Drug Administration, 17
Ford, 89, 235
Ford, Gerald, 9, 75, 118, 136, 143
Fort McHenry, 131
Fox News, 3
France, 56–57, 65, 110, 222, 224, 262, 280
birth rates in, 35, 36
bonds sold by, 90
Constantinople occupied by, 217, 228
divisions in, 3, 4
growth rates in, 206
Industrial Revolution in, 34–35
literacy in, 206
Middle Eastern borders drawn by, 216
religion in, 133
revolution of 1848 in, 267
Franchet d’Esperey, Louis, 215
Frank, Robert H., 144
Franklin, Benjamin, 147, 153, 311–12
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, 58, 164, 209
Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria, 57–58, 163, 164
Frazier, Joe, 139
Freddie Mac, 77, 78
Frederick III, Emperor of Germany, 216
Freedom Corridor, 317
free market, 53, 307
Free to Choose (Friedman), 4
French Revolution, 35, 238
Freneau, Philip, 277
Freud, Sigmund, 58, 144
Friedman, Milton, 48
Fritz (dog), 215–16
Fukuzawa Yukichi, 256–57
GAF, 50
Gallipoli, Battle of, 142, 212–15, 216
Garanti Bank, 225–26
Garibaldi, Giussepe, 20–21
Garvey, Marcus, 137
Gavona family, 160–61
gearing (leverage), 74–76
gender bias, 25–26
General Motors, 235
Generation X, 15, 99
Generation Y, see Millennials (Generation Y
genetic links, 25
Genghis Khan, 24
Geographica (Strabo), 30
George V, King of Britain, 210
George VI, King of Britain, 287
Germans, in East End of London, 42
Germany, x, 34, 102, 113, 220, 222, 224, 262
divisions in, 4
fertility rates in, 20
hyperinflation in, 231
post-war growth in, 118
religion in, 133
revolution of 1848 in, 267
in World War I, 210–11
Gigi (film), 35
G.I. Joe, 145–46
Gladstone, William, 310
globalization, 7, 8, 43–70, 94, 298, 302
entropy and, 7–8, 11–12
and isolationism, 51–52
transportation and, 43
Gods Must Be Crazy, The (film), 46–47
Goebbels, Joseph, 228
gold, 79, 280
Goldmar, Peter, 267
Goldwater, Barry, 136
golf, 102–3
Google, 9, 53, 69
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 316
Gordian knot, 168, 192–93
Gordon, A. D., 286
Gospels, 314
Gothic cathedrals, 302
Grant, Bud, 28
Grant, Ulysses S., 86, 255
Grapes of Wrath, The (Steinbeck), 104
gray cells, 110–11
Great American Novel, 302
Great American Novel, The (Roth), 303
Great Chain of Being, 240, 304
Great Depression, 85, 111, 231, 232
greater fool theory, 74–75, 78
Greatest Generation, 10, 106
Great Gatsby, The (Fitzgerald), 322
Great Recession of 2008, 6, 75, 77, 86, 93, 99, 104, 105, 107
gold price in, 79
Great Siege of Malta, 289
Greece, 8, 168, 204, 209, 220
Ottoman population exchange with, 219
Greece, Ancient, 31–32, 34, 35, 141
Greeks, 129
Greeley, Horace, 246
grit, 147–51
Gros, Antoine-Jean, 313–14
group identity, 133–42
immigrants and, 152–61
national, 132–33
patriotism and, 143–44
see also bonding; myths, unifying
Grunderzeit, 58
guilds, 58, 114
banned in Meiji Revolution, 261
Habsburg, Karl von, 164
Habsburg, Otto von, 164
Habsburg empire, 6, 12, 48, 57–61
economic growth of, 58, 59
emigration from, 60–61
end of, 57
peoples in, 162–64
riots in, 59
slowing of population growth in, 58–59
Haifa, 284–85
Haiti, x
Hale County, Ala., 107, 108
Hamilton, Alexander, 81–82, 87, 309
Hamilton, Ian, 213
Hamilton, William, 82–84, 131
Hamlet (Shakespeare), 71, 72, 76
Hammurabi, 115
Harappans, 129
Harris, Townsend, 247, 248
Harris Treaty of Amity and Commerce, 248
Hasbro, 145–46
hats, 226–27
Hawaii, 95
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 141
Health, Education, and Welfare Department, US, 118
Hellenic League, 180
Hemingway, Ernest, 105–6, 218–19
Hendren, Nathaniel, 104
Hengist, 312
Henry V, King of England, 142
Hermitage, 51
Herzl, Theodor, 283
Hideyoshi, General, 241
Hindemith, Paul, 226, 227
Hindus, 25, 100, 101
Hispanics, 19, 39, 42
history, x–xi
cynical view of, 308–9
Hitler, Adolf, 136
holidays, 308, 312, 315
Holland, 65
Holocaust, x, 279, 290
Holy See, 65
Homer, 185, 190, 195
Honda, 235
Honduras, 52
Hong Kong, 52
Horsa, 312
hot money, 92–95
Houseman, John, 150
Housing and Urban Development Department, US, 77, 118
housing bubble, 6, 8
housing vouchers, 104
Huangdi, Emperor of China, 24
Hungary, 57, 58
revolution of 1848 in, 267
Hurd, Mark, 151
Hussein, King of Jordan, 295–96
Hussein, Saddam, 189
hygiene, 34
IBM, 69, 89
Iceland, 8
Idaho, xii
IDE, 292
Iliad (Homer), 175, 214
Illustrated Course in Physics, An (Fukuzawa), 256
immigrants, immigration, 16, 36, 100, 152–61, 309–10, 313, 321
culture brought by, 129
fighting paradox of, 316–17
hard work by, 156–57
home countries visited by, 158–59
jobs for, 41–42
languages spoken by, 157–58
lower birthrates and, 41–42, 61
prejudice against, 159–60
Incas, 24
inclusive fitness, 83–84
Independence Party, UK, 160
India, 24, 25–26, 34, 64, 75, 143, 188, 211
Indonesia, 86
Industrial Revolution, 34, 35
in Ottoman Empire, 205, 208
inequality, 50
infanticide, 254
infant mortality, 34
in North Korea, 52
inheritance, 35
Instagram, 9
Institute for the Investigation of Barbarian Books, 245
institutions, 16, 306–7
International Paper, 64
Internet, and polarization of society, 4
Interview, The (film), 52
Inuits, 100, 301
Iraq, 192, 226
refugees from, 3
Iraq War, 188–89
Ireland, 2, 8, 23, 24
Irish, 42, 157
ISIS, 189, 192
Turkish attack of, 231
isolated economies, 51–52
Israel, 52–53, 131, 268, 317
borders of, 216
creation of, 291
economic growth in, 291–92
in Yom Kippur War, 295
Istanbul, 197–98
Italo-Turkish War, 211
Italy, 3, 61, 76
Constantinople occupied by, 217
fertility rates in, 20–21
revolution of 1848 in, 267
Tripolitania taken by, 209, 220
Iwakura mission, 254–56, 257, 259
Jackson, Andrew, 210
Jahoda, Marie, 112
James I, King of England, 311
Japan, 3, 64, 86, 168, 220
bonds sold by, 90
debt in, 242–45
debt-to-GDP ratio of, 87
fertility rates in, 21, 37, 87
guns in, 237, 238, 250
isolation of, 51
merchants in, 241–42
missionaries in, 245
opening of, 51, 238, 245, 246–48
Portuguese explorers in, 245
post-war growth in, 118
psychological theories of, 236
recent economic problems of, 235–36
US imitation of, 235
Western books banned in, 245–46
see also Meiji Revolution; Tokugawa shoguns
Japan Family Planning Association, 21
Jefferson, Thomas, 312
Jerusalem, 187
Jesus, 314
Jewish National Fund, 286
Jews, x, 42, 129–30, 222, 281
Sephardic, 221
jingle mail, 77
Joan of Castille, 163
jobs:
after-school, 104–5
for immigrants, 41–42
replaced by technology, 62–63
Johnson, Lyndon B., 9, 118, 279
Jolson, Al, 153
Jones, Bobby, 103
Jordan, 216, 295
Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, 57
Josephus, 186–87
Justice and Development Party, 226
Juvenal, 46
kaffiyeh, 227
Kalgoorlie, Australia, xii
Kann, Robert, 163
Katsu Kaishu, 249–50
Katz, Lawrence, 104
Kay, Aunt, 160
Keats, John, 140
Keene, Donald, 253
Kennedy, John F., 9, 315–16
Kennedy, Paul, 5
Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, 133, 134, 135
Kentucky Fried Chicken, 66, 67, 68
Kerouac, Jack, 106
Key, Francis Scott, 130–31
Keynes, John Maynard, xi, 85
Khrushchev, Nikita, 45, 316
kibbutzim, 285, 290, 293
Kido Koin, 258, 259
Kiev, 290–91
King, Charles, 218
King, Martin Luther, 134
King and I, The (musical), 24
King Kong, 241
Kissinger, Henry, 168, 295
Kitchen Debate, 45
Klein, Robert, 163
Knocked Up (film), 23
Kodak, 50
Kojiki, 264
Kokoro (Natsume), 263
Korean War, 52
Krakow, Poland, 45
Kranepool, Ed, 79
Kurds, 61
in Turkey, 231, 232
Kyushu, 245
labor participation, 99–100, 101–2
Labor Participation Rate, 98, 99
Laconia, 28, 29
La Lucha Sin Fin, 274
Landscape and Memory (Schama), 286–87
Las Vegas, Nev., 40
Latin America, 51
Lawrence, T. E., 214, 216
Lazarsfeld, Paul, 112
leaders, characteristics of, 168–69
League of Corinth, 180–81, 183
League of Nations, 219
Le Brun, Charles, 176
Lee, Robert E., 135
Lehman Brothers, 8
lending standards, 77, 78
Leonidas, 176
Leutze, Emanuel, 155
leverage, 74–76
Lex Papia Poppaea, 33
Leyte, 139
Liberia, 22
Libya, 209, 211, 220
licensing, 119–21, 319
life expectancy, 11, 70
rising, 37–38, 318
Lincoln Memorial, 133, 134–35
Lindbergh, Charles, 158–59
literacy:
in France, 206
in Ottoman Empire, 205–6
in Turkey, 221, 229
in UK, 206
“Literature of 9/11, The” (course), 3
Lloyd George, David, 216–17
Locke, John, 286
London Daily Mail, 217–18
London Examiner, 130
Long Island Railroad, 5, 106–7
Looking Backward (Bellamy), 122
Los Angeles Herald, 59
Los Angeles Times, 89
Lost Generation, 105–6
Louis, Joe, 136–37, 139–40
Louis XIV, King of France, 176, 239
Louisiana, 120
loyalty, 186–87
Lucas, George, 49
Lupanar, 33
Lyft, 122
M*A*S*H (TV show), 9, 73
Mabovitch, Moshe, 281–82
Mabovitch, Sheyna, 282, 283
MacArthur, Douglas, 139
McDonald’s, 67
Macedonia, 172–74, 180, 181, 209
McKinsey, 64
Madama Butterfly (Puccini), xii, 263–64
Madison, James, 143, 310
Madras, 100
Magna Carta, 310
Mahler, Gustav, 58
Mahmud II, Ottoman Sultan, 207
Mailer, Norman, 302–3
Malaysia, 64, 94
Malcolm X, 309
Malta, Great Siege of, 289
Malthus, Thomas, 25–26
Man and Superman (Shaw), 27
Manchus, 116–17
Manet, Édouard, 244
Mango, Andrew, 209
Manila, 139
manufacturing, 99
in Palestine, 291
Marciano, Rocky, 139–40
Marienthal, Austria, 111–13, 242
Maroon 5, 315
marriage, 23
in Rome, 33
Marshall Plan, 147
Marx, Karl, xi, 267, 300
Mason, Jackie, 293
Mass (Bernstein), 135
Math Arrow, 124
Mays, Willie, 313
Mead, Emily, 287–88
Meat Loaf, 86
media, explosion of, 9
medical care, 34
Medicare, 88
Meet the Fockers (film), 145
Mehmed V, Ottoman Sultan, 209, 215
Mehmed VI, Ottoman Sultan, 218, 219
Meiji Revolution, xii, 168, 169, 235–65, 306
agriculture in, 261–62
education in, 262
feudalism dissolved by, 253
mission of, 235
mobility in, 260–61
patriotism in, 253, 260
samurai in, 253, 258–59
taxes in, 258
Meir, Golda, 111, 169, 268, 278–96
attitude of, 279–81
death of, 296
education, 283
at kibbutz, 285, 290
marriage of, 283–84
mission of, 278
money for Israel raised by, 292
move to Palestine, 284–85
US assistance requested by, 289, 295
US upbringing of, 278–79, 282
Melting Pot, The (Zangwill), 156
Melville, Herman, 245
Memorial Day, 308, 312
merchants, in Japan, 241–42
Merman, Ethel, 11
Mesopotamia, 24
Messenia, 29, 30
Mexicans, 42, 158
Mexico, 58, 86, 90
1995 bankruptcy and bailout of, 8
Meyerson, Morris, 283–85, 288
Miami Beach, 38–40
Michener, James, 301
Microsoft, 53
middle class, 18
children viewed by, 26
Midnight Express (film), 230–31
military service, 316–17
Millennials:
confidence of, 69–70
drivers’ licenses and, 103, 104
in Japan, 21
jobs of, 104–5
lack of ambition in, 99
living at home, 104
patriotism and, 66
pessimism of, 2
Miller, Amalia, 38
Ming dynasty, 6
declining work ethic in, 115–17
Minnesota Vikings, 28
Mitterrand, François, 299
mobility, 103–4, 148, 319
in Meiji Revolution, 260–61
Moby-Dick (Melville), 245
Moldavia, 204
Monaco, 2
Mongkut, King of Siam, 224
Mongolia, 87
Mongols, 24
Montenegro, 162, 204, 209
Moore, Roger, 2
Morales, Jimmy, 39
mortgages, 74, 79
subprime, 6, 77
Moses, 311–12
Mossad, 296
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 57, 59
MSNBC, 3
Mualla, Fikret, 19
Muhammad, 221
multiculturalism, 16
Murray, Bill, 143–44
Muslims, in Britain, 3
Mutsuhito, Emperor of Japan, 252–53, 306
childhood of, 253–54
death of, 265
myths, unifying, 129, 162, 182, 222, 230, 260, 264–65, 302–6, 307, 309–13, 315
Nader, Ralph, 68
Nagano artisans, 168
Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 55, 56–57, 238, 313–14
Napoleonic Code, 35
narcissism, 144–45
National Assembly, Turkish, 219, 225
nations, identity of, 132–33
Native Americans, 301, 308
Natsume Soseki, 263
Nazi Party, 113, 228
Nepal, 212
Netflix, 9
Netherlands, 2, 52, 107, 245
Newfoundland, 212
New Jersey, 122
New Mexico, 25, 107
New Orleans, Battle of, 210
New York Police Department, 4
New York Times, 5, 66–67, 103, 160, 278, 284
New Zealand, x, 212
Niall of the Nine Hostages, 24
Nicaragua, 277
Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia, 204
Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia, 210
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 128
Nike, 53
Nissan, 235
Nixon, Richard, ix, 9, 45, 75, 118, 134, 136, 279, 295
noble lies, 306, 311
Nordstrom, 18
Norfolk Southern, 89
Noriega, Manuel, 277
North Africa, 183
North American Civic League, 161
North American Free Trade Agreement, 49
North Carolina, 100
North Dakota, 97
Northern League, 61
North Korea, 52
nuclear war, 16
nuclear weapons, 16
nutrition, 34
Obama, Barack, 53, 89, 91, 299
in election of 2012, 4
Occupy Movement, 11
Odessa, 211, 290–91
“Ode to a Nightingale” (Keats), 140
Odyssey (Homer), 214
Ohio State, 89
oil, 75
Olson, Mancur, 117–18
Olympias, 173, 174, 175, 178, 181
One, Two, Three (film), 46
one-child policy, 20, 25
“Operation Drumbeat,” 272
opportunity costs, of children, 26–27, 30
Orient Express, 201, 217
Oryo, 236–37
Osaka, Japan, 244
Osler, William, 101
Othello (Shakespeare), 66
Ottoman Empire, 6, 12, 55
decline of, 57, 204
First Constitutional Era of, 207
Greek population exchange with, 219
half-millennium empire of, 205
Industrial Revolution in, 205, 208
literacy in, 205–6
rise in living standards in, 206
transportation in, 206
Venice vs., 65, 66
in World War I, 210
see also Turkey
outsourcing, 62–70, 302
“Over There” (song), 149–50
Pakistan, 52
Palestine, 281, 289–90
economic growth in, 291
languages spoken in, 306
Panama, 277
paradox of theft, 85–92
paradox of thrift, 85–86
paternity, 25
pathogens, 94–95
patriotism, 1–2, 8, 9, 66, 298–300, 306–7
in American Revolution, 143
debt and, 80
in Meiji Revolution, 253, 260
narcissism and, 144–45
Reagan on fading of, 298–99
in Turkey, 229
Patriotist Manifesto, 300, 315, 320–21
patriotists, 2
Pausanias, 179–80, 182
Peace Corps, 106
Pearl Harbor, attack on, 272
pencil, 48–49
Pennsylvania, University of, 89
pension plan trustees, 75
People’s History of the United States, A (Zinn), 300
Pepsi, 45
Pera Palace Hotel, 217–18
Perry, Mark, 50
Perry, Matthew, 238, 246, 261
perseverance, 149
Persia, 178–79, 183, 185, 188
Peru, 24
Petco, 18
Peter, Paul, and Mary, 16, 17
Peter the Great, 259
pets, 18–19, 20
PetSmart, 18
Philadelphia Medical News, 101
Philip II, King of Macedon, 173–75, 176–78, 182
assassination of, 178–80, 181
Persian invasion plans of, 178–79
Philippines, 139
Piaget, Jean, 310
Picado, Teodoro, 274
Picasso, Pablo, 11
Piketty, Thomas, 5
Pilgrims, 308–9, 311
pirates, 66
pistachios, 43, 44
Pizza Hut, 67
Plato, 306, 311
Pledge of Allegiance, 308
Pliny the Younger, 33
Plutarch, 177
Pocahontas, SS, 284–85, 292
Poland, 52, 57
polarization, 10–11
importance of, 5–6
technology and, 4–5
and television, 9–10
in US, 3–4
Politics (Aristotle), 175
Pollock, Jackson, 11
Pol Pot, 299, 300
Polybius, 31–32, 33
polygamy, 225
pomegranates, 44
Pompeii, 32–33
population explosion, 17
Porter, Cole, 10–11, 309
Portes, Alejandro, 158
Portugal, 8, 204, 245
Japan’s opening and, 51
Price, Vincent, 11
price system, 49
primogeniture, 35
Princip, Gavrilo, 209
professors, 299–300
prosperity, 298
collapse of, 5, 6
falling birthrate and, 21–26
see also economic growth
prostitution, in Turkey, 228
Proust, Marcel, 47, 48
Ptah, 186
public debt, 79–80, 81–84
Puccini, Giacomo, 263–64
Puerto Limón, Costa Rica, 275
pumpkins, 312
Putin, Vladimir, 86, 192
Putnam, Robert, 162
radicalization, 4
Ragú, 53–54
Ragusa, 53–57, 300
railroads, 201, 208
Ramses II, Pharaoh, 130, 131
Rastafarians, 137
Razzi, Serafino, 54
Reagan, Ronald, ix, 9, 168, 298–99, 316
refugees, 3
regulators, 117–21
religion, 132–33
Atatürk’s disdain for, 222–24, 305
religious freedom, 255–56
Remembrance of Things Past (Proust), 47, 48
Republic (Plato), 306, 311
research and development, 151
Resnick, Lynda, 44
Resnick, Stewart, 44
retirement, 11, 101
revolutions of 1848, 267
Rhoda, 25
rice, 243, 244, 258
Richard II (Shakespeare), 289–90
Rise and Decline of Nations, The (Olson), 117
Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, The (Kennedy), 5
risks, 132
Riza, Ali, 200
Riza, Zubeyde, 200
Robinson, James A., 5
Rockefeller, John D., 257
Rogers and Hammerstein, 24
Romania, 45, 57, 314
Rome, 32–34, 35, 46, 61
ronin, 240
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 102
Roosevelt, Franklin, 101, 136, 272
radio broadcasts of, 4, 6
Roosevelt, Theodore, 2–3, 155
Ross, Betsy, 298
Rossini, Gioachino, 303
Roth, Philip, 303
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 304
Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, 58
Rule of Repeats, 307
Russia, 36–37, 87, 95
bankruptcy of, 8
budget deficit of, 86
in World War I, 211
Russian Revolution, 238
Russo-Japanese War, 265
Ryan, Sonny, 108
Ryoma, Sakamoto, 247
assassination of, 251
in battle at Teradaya Inn, 236–38, 250
Eight Point Plan of, 250, 251, 254
legacy of, 251–52
in rebellion, 249–52
as ronin, 240
Sadat, Anwar, 296
Saigo Takamori, 259–60
Saint Petersburg, Russia, 51
Salonica, 198, 200–201, 202, 209, 220
Sam (author’s grandfather), 157
Samuelson, Paul, 85
samurai, 236–37, 240
conspicuous consumption of, 243
end of, 241–42
in Meiji Revolution, 253, 258–59
and opening of Japan, 247
San Diego, Calif., 78
Sandinistas, 277
San Francisco, Calif., 123
San Pablo, 272
Sarnoff, David, 157
Satsuma domain, 248, 250, 251
Saudi Arabia, 216, 217
Saverin, Eduardo, 2
savings, 85
Scandinavia, religion in, 133
Scene of the Signing of the Declaration of Independence (Christy), 155–56
Schama, Simon, 286–87
Schiller, Friedrich, 304
Schmeling, Max, 136–37, 139
school, 123
school admissions, 6
Schumpeter, Joseph, xi, 27, 121
Schwartz, Stephen, 135
science, 221–22, 304–5
Scorsese, Martin, 92
Scotland, 61–62
Scott, Hugh, 136
Sea of Marmara, 211
Sears Christmas “Wish Book,” 50
“Second Happy Time,” 272
Seeger, Pete, 16
segmented assimilation, 158
Seinfeld, Jerry, 124–25
Seiyo Jijo (Fukuzawa), 256
Senior, Nassau William, 144
senior citizens, 2
separatist movements, 61–62
Sephardic Jews, 221
seppuku, 240
September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, 2
Serbia, 162, 204, 209
serotonin, 110
Shaffer, Peter, 57
Shakespeare, William, 66, 76, 142, 217
sharia law, 3
Shaw, George Bernard, 27
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 130
Shimomura Crossing the Delaware (Shimomura), 154
Shimonoseki, 251
Shinto, 264–65
shishi, 249
shizoku, 259
Silent Spring (Carson), 17
Silicon Valley, 53
silk, 206
silkworms, 261
Simon, Neil, 154, 155
Simon, Paul, 135
Singapore, 2, 36–37
Sirkeci Station, 201–2
skin in the game, 76–77
slavery, 76, 311
in US, 32, 260
Slovakia, 57
Slovenia, 162
Smith, Horace, 130
Smyrna, 218
Snapchat, 9
Social Democratic Party, Costa Rican, 274
Social Security, 88, 101–2, 108, 192, 318, 319
Sogdiana, 191
“Soldier, The” (Brooke), 142, 214
“Soldiers of Christ, Arise” (hymn), 132
Somalia, x
Sony, 64
South, US, 32
South Africa, x
South Carolina, 184
Southern California, University of, 89
South Korea, 36–37, 63, 94
Soviet Union, x, 162, 168, 280, 290–91
soybeans, 244
Spain, 8, 55, 61
Spanish, 158
Spanish Inquisition, 308
Sparta, 18, 28–31, 34, 35, 174, 181, 241
Spitamenes, 191
sports, 102–3, 136–37, 154
Sri Lanka, revolution of 1848 in, 267
Stalin, Joseph, 300
Star-Spangled Banner, The, 131
State Department, US, x, 45
State of the Union, 9
statues per young citizen, 32
Stein, Ben, 75
Stein, Gertrude, 106
Stein, Herb, 75
stepchildren, 25
sterility, 27
Stevens, John, 257
Stevens, Robert, 257
Stigler, George, 117
Stiller, Ben, 145
stock market crash (2009), 8, 78
Stolichnaya vodka, 45
Strabo, 30, 31
Strauss, Johann, 60
Stripes (film), 143–44
structural changes, 99
subprime mortgages, 6, 77
subways, 255
Sudan, x
sugar, 272
Suleiman the Magnificent, 205
sultans, 206–7
summer jobs, 105
Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, A (Seurat), 10
Sun Language Theory, 230
Sunstein, Cass, 4
Super Bowl, 10
Sweden, 63, 107
Switzerland, 2, 316
swords, 241
Sykes-Picot Agreement, 216
Syria, x, 183, 190, 192, 226, 295–96
refugees from, 3
Syrian War, 188
“Tables Turned, The” (Wordsworth), 304–5
Taft, William H., 102
Taiwan, 64
Taming of the Shrew, The (Shakespeare), 22
Tanzania, 25
Tanzimat, 207
Target, 18
tax code, 192
taxes, 2, 106
in Meiji Revolution, 258
in Tokugawa shogunate, 244
technology:
for fertility, 19
jobs replaced by, 62–63
and polarization, 4–5
Tel Aviv, Israel, 285, 292
television, 9–10
Temin, Peter, 32
tennis, 103
Teradaya Inn, 236–38, 250
Tesla Motors, 122
Thailand, 94
“Thank Heaven for Little Girls” (song), 35
Thanksgiving, 308, 312, 313
Thebes, 29, 30, 31, 174, 180, 181, 182
Thessaly, 180, 181
300 (film), 28
Ticket to Work, 109
Tilden, Bill, 103
Tillett, Ben, 42
“Tintern Abbey” (Wordsworth), 288–89
Tito, Marshal, 162
Tokugawa shogun regime, 6, 12, 51, 239
collapse of, 238, 242–45
debt in, 242–45
economy of, 243, 260
literacy rates in, 244
rebellion against, 248–52
tax system in, 244
Toll, Robert, 79
Tonight Show, 17
Toronto Star, 218–19
Tosa domain, 248
Toyota, 235
trade, 48
benefits of, 48–53
traditional societies, 21–26
trains, 201, 205, 263
transcontinental railroad, 201
transportation, 43–44, 158, 201, 205, 206, 263
Transportation Department, US, 118
travel, 94
Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee, 90
Triballi, 194
Tribuna, La, 272–73
Tripolitania (Libya), 209, 220
Trollope, Anthony, 100, 101
Truman, Harry S., 290
tsunami, 297
Turkey, 61, 168, 198–234
alphabet in, 229, 230, 305–6
banks in, 206–7
birth of modern, 198–200, 209
economy of, 231–32
education in, 229
fertility rate in, 226
history of, 229–30
literacy in, 221, 229
modernization and westernization of, 221–22, 227–28, 229, 234
patriotism in, 229, 230–31
terrorist attack in, 231
trade by, 221
women in, 224–26, 229
Twain, Mark, 59–60, 167, 256, 281, 307
Twelfth Night (Shakespeare), 54
Twenge, Jean, 146–47
Tyre, 193–94
Tyson Fresh Meats, 107
U2, 2
Uber, 63, 122–23
U-boats, 272
ukiyo-e, 244
Ukraine, 57
unemployment rate, 97–98
unions, 68, 114
United Food and Commercial Workers Union, 107
United Kingdom, 51, 222, 262, 280
birth rates in, 35–36, 42
bonds of, 90
Constantinople occupied by, 217
disability payments in, 107
division in, 4
growth rates in, 206
immigration to, 160
immigration to Palestine stymied by, 288–90
Industrial Revolution in, 34
Japan’s opening and, 51
literacy in, 206
Middle Eastern borders drawn by, 216
Muslims in, 3
separatist movement in, 61–62
as “sick man of Europe,” 204
United States, 64, 262
birthrates in, 19, 32
budget deficit of, 86
in Cold War, 162, 168
Cuban embargo of, 51
culture of, 66–67
debt-to-GDP ratio of, 192
divisions in, 3–4
growth of bureaucracy in, 118
growth rates in, 206
as necropower, 3
and opening of Japan, 238, 245, 246–48
renunciation of citizenship in, ix–x, 2
retirement in, 110
slavery in, 32, 260
transcontinental railroad in, 201
values transmitted in, 308
Univision, 158
upper-income, children viewed by, 26
U.S. News & World Report, 41
utopian socialism, 282–83
Valentine’s Day, 308, 312
Venezuela, 39
Venice, 6, 12, 54, 55
declining work ethic in, 113–14
outsourcing by, 65–66
Vermont, 98
Versailles, 239
Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy, 20–21
Vienna, 60
Vietnam, 52, 86
Vietnam War, 16, 134, 135
virtue, 307
Voltaire, 280
volunteerism, 40
voting rights, in Costa Rica, 276
Walloons, 61
Walmart, 18, 64
Washington, George, 77, 81, 154, 277, 298, 308–9, 313
Washington Crossing the Delaware (Leutze), 155
Washington Post, 109
Washington’s Birthday, 308, 312
Watergate Hotel, 133, 134, 135–36
Watt, James, 257
Watt, Mel, 78–79
wealth:
debt and, 72, 86–87
declining, 16
Weber, Max, 304
Webster, Daniel, 246
Weimar Germany, hyperinflation in, 231
Weizmann, Chaim, 306
Welcome Wagon, 9
welfare reform, 318–19
Western Europe, fertility rates in, 20
West Germany, 315–16
West Virginia, 98
wheat, 244
wheel, 246–47
When Harry Met Sally (film), 129
“Where Have All the Flowers Gone?” (song), 16
Why Nations Fail (Robinson and Acemoglu), 5
Wilder, Billy, 46
Wilhelm II, Kaiser of Germany, 210, 213, 216
Williams, Bert, 153
Williams, Tennessee, 80
“William Tell Overture” (Rossini), 303
Wills, Helen, 103
Wiseman, Richard, 128
Wittgenstein, Karl, 60
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 60
Wolf (legislator), 59–60
Wolf of Wall Street, The (film), 92
women, 98
in Costa Rica, 276
in Palestine, 293
in Turkey, 224–26, 229
woodblock prints, 244
Wordsworth, William, 288–89, 304–5, 306
work ethic, eroding, 8, 69, 104–5, 106, 298
and disability payments, 5, 106–9, 111
in Marienthal, 111–13
and mobility, 103–4
in Venice, 113–14
work ethic, of Golda Meir, 285–88
work hours, 49–50
World Council of Churches, 267
World Cup, 137
World War I, 58, 60, 142, 149–50, 164, 199, 210, 289
World War II, 136, 139, 143, 154, 210, 271–72, 289, 297
Xenophon, 194
Xerxes the Great, 28
Yale University, 89
“Yankee Doodle Boy” (song), 153
Yeats, William Butler, 142, 305
Yemen, 27
Yidiz Palace, 208
Yom Kippur War, 295–96
young adults, 2
Younger (TV show), 100–101
Young Turks, 209
YouTube, 9
Yugoslavia, 162, 300
YUM, 67–68
Zangwill, Israel, 156
zero population growth, 17
Zheng He, 116
zinc, 75
Zinn, Howard, 300
Zionists, 111, 283, 284, 288