1. Memoir of Thomas Hardy… Written by Himself (1832), p. 16.

1. Tribune, 4 April 1795. Compare the Privy Council’s own record of Thelwall’s examination: ‘Being asked by the Clerk of the Council how he spelt his Name – Answered: He might spell it according to his own discretion for that he should answer no Questions of any kind….’ T.S. 11.3509 f. 83.

2. Morning Post, 16 May 1794.

3. Later, when John Binns, the Jacobin, was imprisoned without trial in Gloucester Castle, the Home Secretary, his wife, and two daughters, paid him a social visit.

1. A. S. P. Woodhouse, Puritanism and Liberty (1938), pp. 53 et seq.

1. See Caroline Robbins, The Eighteenth-Century Commonwealthsman (Harvard, 1959).

2. C. Wyvill to John Cartwright, 16 December 1797, in Wyvill’s Political Papers (York, 1804), V. pp. 381–2

1. Ibid., V, p. 23.

2. See G. Rudé, The Crowd in the French Revolution (1959).