Bibliography

American Empire rests on the work of scholars, journalists, writers, and public figures, as listed below. In the interest of space, books and articles generally are cited only in connection with the chapter for which they were most important. With some exceptions, statistical sources and individual newspaper articles are not listed, again because of the constraint of space. Primary sources that proved exceptionally valuable include various editions of the Statistical Abstract of the United States and Historical Statistics of the United States; the online databases maintained by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the U.S. Census Bureau; and the Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States. Also valuable were articles in the Boston Globe, BusinessWeek, New York Times, Time, Wall Street Journal, and Washington Post.

Introduction

For the idea of empire and its application to the United States, see William Appleman Williams, Empire as a Way of Life: An Essay on the Causes and Character of America’s Present Predicament Along with a Few Thoughts About an Alternative (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980); Charles S. Maier, Among Empires: American Ascendancy and Its Predecessors (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2006); William K. Tabb, “Imperialism: In Tribute to Harry Magdoff,” Monthly Review 58 (March 2007): 26–37.

Prologue: E Pluribus Unum

For surveys of the physical, social, and political landscape, see George R. Stewart, U.S. 40: Cross Section of the United States of America (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1953); Henry G. Alsberg, ed., The American Guide (New York: Hastings House, 1949); John Gunther, Inside U.S.A. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1947); Samuel Lubell, The Future of American Politics, 2nd ed., revised (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1956); Alfred J. Wright, United States and Canada: An Economic Geography (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1948); David L. Rigby, “Urban and Regional Restructuring in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century,” in American Place/American Space: Geographies of the Contemporary United States, ed. John A. Agnew and Jonathan M. Smith (New York: Routledge, 2002); Carol E. Heim, “Structural Changes: Regional and Urban,” in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, The Twentieth Century, ed. Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000).

For the population makeup, see Donald J. Bogue, The Population of the United States (Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1959); Frank Hobbs and Nicole Stoops, Demographic Trends in the 20th Century: Census 2000 Special Reports (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2002); Herbert S. Klein, A Population History of the United States (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004).

For the impact of the New Deal and World War II, see William E. Leuchenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932–1940 (New York: Harper & Row, 1963); Richard Polenberg, War and Society: The United States, 1941–1945 (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1972).

For the Midwest, see James H. Madison, ed., Heartland: Comparative Histories of the Midwestern States (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988); Federal Writers’ Project, North Dakota: A Guide to the Northern Prairie State, 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1950); Jon C. Teaford, Cities of the Heartland: The Rise and Fall of the Industrial Midwest (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993); Meridel Le Sueur, North Star Country (New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1945); Eric Thane, High Border Country (New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1942); James R. Grossman, Ann Durkin Keating, and Janice L. Reiff, eds., The Encyclopedia of Chicago (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004); Studs Terkel, Working (New York: Pantheon, 1974); Alan L. Olmstead and Paul W. Rhode, “The Transformation of Northern Agriculture, 1910–1990,” in Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, ed. Engerman and Gallman.

For Fordism and the automobile industry, see David A. Hounshell, From the American System to Mass Production, 1800–1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1984); Works Projects Administration, Michigan: A Guide to the Wolverine State (New York: Oxford University Press, 1941); Keith Sward, The Legend of Henry Ford (New York: Rinehart & Company, 1948); Robert Asher and Ronald Edsforth, eds., Autowork (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995); Steve Jeffreys, Management and Managed: Fifty Years of Crisis at Chrysler (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986); Ronald Edsforth, Class Conflict and Cultural Consensus: The Making of a Mass Consumer Society in Flint, Michigan (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1987); Steve Babson, Working Detroit: The Making of a Union Town (New York: Adama Books, 1984).

For the midwestern population and racial and ethnic tensions, see Chad Berry, Southern Migrants, Northern Exiles (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2000); Thomas J. Sugrue, The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996); Arnold R. Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940–1960 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983); Dionicio Nodín Valdés, Barrios Norteños: St. Paul and Midwestern Mexican Communities in the Twentieth Century (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2000).

For the Northeast and its forms of industrialization, see Joshua B. Freeman, Working-Class New York: Life and Labor Since World War II (New York: New Press, 2000); Andrew Hurley, Diners, Bowling Alleys and Trailer Parks: Chasing the American Dream in the Postwar Consumer Culture (New York: Basic Books, 2001); George W. Long, “Rhode Island, Modern City-State,” National Geographic Magazine 94 (August 1948): 137–70; Philip Scranton, “Diversity in Diversity: Flexible Production and American Industrialization, 1880–1930,” Business History Review 65 (Spring 1991): 27–90; Russell F. Weigley, ed., Philadelphia: A 300-Year History (New York: Norton, 1982); Philip Scranton and Walter Licht, Work Sights: Industrial Philadelphia, 1890–1950 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1986); Ronald W. Schatz, The Electrical Workers: A History of Labor at General Electric and Westinghouse, 1923–60 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983).

For the financial industry, see David Rockefeller, Memoirs (New York: Random House, 2002); Sidney M. Robbins and Nestor E. Terleckyj with the collaboration of Ira O. Scott Jr., Money Metropolis: A Locational Study of Financial Activities in the New York Region (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960); William Greider, Secrets of the Temple: How the Federal Reserve Runs the Country (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989); Steve Fraser, Every Man a Speculator: A History of Wall Street in American Life (New York: HarperCollins, 2005); Eugene N. White, “Banking and Finance in the Twentieth Century,” in Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, ed. Engerman and Gallman.

For race, ethnicity, and discrimination in the Northeast, see Cheryl Lynn Greenberg, “Or Does It Explode?”: Black Harlem in the Great Depression (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991); Merl E. Reed, Seedtime for the Modern Civil Rights Movement: The President’s Committee on Fair Employment Practice, 1941–1946 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1991); Norman Podhoretz, Making It (New York: Random House, 1967); Alfred Kazin, A Walker in the City (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1951); Deborah Dash Moore, G.I. Jews: How World War II Changed a Generation (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004).

For the South, see Numan V. Bartley, The New South, 1945–1980 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995); James C. Cobb, The Most Southern Place on Earth: The Mississippi Delta and the Roots of Regional Identity (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992); Frederick Simpich, “Arkansas Rolls Up Its Sleeves,” National Geographic Magazine 90 (September 1946): 273–312; Robert Palmer, Deep Blues (New York: Viking, 1981); Douglas Flamming, Creating the Modern South: Millhands and Managers in Dalton, Georgia, 1884–1984 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992); Pete Daniel, Lost Revolutions: The South in the 1950s (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000).

For race relations in the South, see William H. Chafe, Raymond Gavins, and Robert Korstad, eds., Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell About Life in the Segregated South (New York: New Press, 2001); Timothy B. Tyson, Blood Done Sign My Name: A True Story (New York: Crown, 2004); Neil R. McMillen, Dark Journey: Black Mississippians in the Age of Jim Crow (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990); Eric Arnesen, Brotherhoods of Color: Black Railroad Workers and the Struggle for Equality (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001); John Egerton, Speak Now Against the Day: The Generation Before the Civil Rights Movement in the South (New York: Knopf, 1994).

For race relations nationally, see Stetson Kennedy, Jim Crow Guide to the U.S.A. (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1959); J. Robert Moskin, The U.S. Marine Corps Story (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1977); Peter Wallenstein, Tell the Court I Love My Wife: Race, Marriage, and the Law—an American History (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002).

For the impact of World War II on the South, see Charles M. Payne, I’ve Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995); Lee E. Williams II, Post-War Riots in America, 1919 and 1946: How the Pressure of War Exacerbated American Urban Tensions to the Breaking Point (Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1991); Neil R. McMillen, ed., Remaking Dixie: The Impact of World War II on the American South (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1997).

For energy use and the oil industry, see [U.S.] Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Review 2001 (Washington, DC: Department of Energy, 2001); Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991).

For the Southwest, see Marc Reisner, Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water, revised ed. (New York: Penguin, 1993); Donald Worster, Dust Bowl: The Southern Plains in the 1930s (New York: Oxford University Press, 1979); James N. Gregory, American Exodus: The Dust Bowl Migration and Okie Culture in California (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989); Randolph B. Campbell, Gone to Texas: A History of the Lone Star State (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003); Frederick Simpich, “Louisiana Trades with the World,” National Geographic Magazine 92 (December 1947): 705–38; Rick Perlstein, Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus (New York: Hill & Wang, 2001).

For the West, see Richard White, “It’s Your Misfortune and None of My Own”: A History of the American West (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991); Kevin Starr, Embattled Dreams: California in War and Peace, 1940–1950 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002); Stephen Haycox, Alaska: An American Colony (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002); Fern Chandonnet, ed., Alaska at War, 1941–1945: The Forgotten War Remembered (Anchorage: Alaska at War Committee, 1995); Russell Thornton, American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492 (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987); Patricia Limerick, The Legacy of Conquest: The Unbroken Past of the American West (New York: Norton, 1987); T. M. Sell, Wings of Power: Boeing and the Politics of Growth in the Northwest (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2001); Marilynn S. Johnson, The Second Gold Rush: Oakland and the East Bay in World War II (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993); Katherine Archibald, Wartime Shipyard: A Study in Social Disunity (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1947); Leo A. Borah, “Oregon Finds New Riches,” National Geographic Magazine 90 (December 1946): 681–720; W. Robert Moore, “Nevada, Desert Treasure House,” National Geographic Magazine 90 (January 1946): 1–38; Frederick Simpich, “More Water for California’s Great Central Valley,” National Geographic Magazine 90 (November 1946): 645–63.

Chapter 1: Power and Politics

For Harry Truman, see Alonzo L. Hamby, Man of the People: A Life of Harry S. Truman (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995); Robert J. Donovan, Conflict and Crisis: The Presidency of Harry S Truman, 1945–1948 (New York: Norton, 1977); Harry S. Truman, Memoirs, vol. 1, Year of Decisions (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1955); Bert Cochran, Harry Truman and the Crisis Presidency (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1973); Donald R. McCoy, The Presidency of Harry S. Truman (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1984); David McCullough, Truman (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992).

For the impact of the New Deal and World War II, see Richard Lingeman, Small Town America: A Narrative History, 1620–the Present (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980); Michael Edelstein, “War and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century,” in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, The Twentieth Century, ed. Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000); Nelson Lichtenstein, Labor’s War at Home: The CIO in World War II (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982); U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Population Characteristics, series P-20, no. 14, Internal Migration in the United States: April 1940 to April 1947 (Washington, DC: Bureau of the Census, 1948).

For the way the wartime experience changed thinking about the state, see Alan Brinkley, The End of Reform: New Deal Liberalism in Recession and War (New York: Knopf, 1995); Alan Brinkley, Liberalism and Its Discontents (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998); Robert M. Collins, More: The Politics of Economic Growth in Postwar America (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000); Gabriel Kolko, Main Currents in Modern American History (New York: Harper & Row, 1976).

For plans to expand the New Deal, see Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt: A Rendezvous with Destiny (Boston: Little, Brown, 1990); Norman D. Markowitz, The Rise and Fall of the People’s Century: Henry A. Wallace and American Liberalism, 1941–1948 (New York: Free Press, 1973); Steven Fraser, Labor Will Rule: Sidney Hillman and the Rise of American Labor (New York: Free Press, 1991).

For opposition to New Deal expansion, see Wendy L. Wall, Inventing the “American Way”: The Politics of Consensus from the New Deal Through the Civil Rights Movement (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008); Kim Phillips-Fein, Invisible Hands: The Making of the Conservative Movement from the New Deal to Reagan (New York: Norton, 2009); Ira Katznelson, Kim Geiger, and Daniel Kryder, “Limiting Liberalism: The Southern Veto in Congress, 1933–1950,” Political Science Quarterly 108 (Summer 1993): 283–306; Louis Galambos, “The U.S. Corporate Economy in the Twentieth Century,” in Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, ed. Engerman and Gallman.

For the GI Bill, see Michael J. Bennet, When Dreams Came True: The GI Bill and the Making of Modern America (Washington, DC: Brassey’s, 1996); Suzanne Mettle, Soldiers to Citizens: The G.I. Bill and the Making of the Greatest Generation (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005); Glenn C. Altschuler and Stuart M. Blumin, The GI Bill: A New Deal for Veterans (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009); Margot Canaday, “Building a Straight State: Sexuality and Social Citizenship Under the 1944 G.I. Bill,” Journal of American History 90 (December 2003): 935–57.

For voting rights, citizenship, and changing meanings of freedom, see Alexander Keyssar, The Right to Vote: The Contested History of Democracy in the United States (New York: Basic Books, 2000); Ronald Takaki, Strangers from a Different Shore: A History of Asian Americans, updated and revised ed. (Boston: Little, Brown, 1998); Eric Foner, The Story of American Freedom (New York: Norton, 1998).

For congressional representation and rules, see James Patterson, Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945–1974 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997); Robert A. Caro, The Years of Lyndon Johnson: Master of the Senate (New York: Knopf, 2002).

For trials and juries, see Michael J. Klarman, “Is the Supreme Court Sometimes Irrelevant? Race and the Southern Criminal Justice System in the 1940s,” Journal of American History 89 (June 2002): 119–53; Linda K. Kerber, No Constitutional Right to Be Ladies: Women and the Obligations of Citizenship (New York: Hill & Wang, 1998); Verna Hildebrand, “A Historical Note on Jury Service for Women,” Humanist 40 (July–August 1980): 38–39; Joanna Grossman, “Women’s Jury Service: Right of Citizenship or Privilege of Difference?,” Stanford Law Review 46 (May 1994): 1115–60; M. Catherine Miller, “Finding ‘the More Satisfactory Type of Jurymen’: Class and the Construction of Federal Juries, 1926–1954,” Journal of American History 88 (December 2001): 979–1005.

For postwar strikes, see George Lipsitz, Rainbow at Midnight: Labor and Culture in the 1940s (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994); Art Preis, Labor’s Giant Step: Twenty Years of the CIO (New York: Pathfinder Press, 1972); Robert H. Zieger, The CIO, 1935–1955 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995); Nelson Lichtenstein, The Most Dangerous Man in Detroit: Walter Reuther and the Fate of American Labor (New York: Basic Books, 1995); Irving Richter, Labor’s Struggles, 1945–1950: A Participant’s View (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994); Joshua B. Freeman, Working-Class New York: Life and Labor Since World War II (New York: New Press, 2000); Stan Weir, “American Labor on the Defensive: A 1940’s Odyssey,” Radical America 9 (July–August 1975): 163–85; Mark McColloch, “Consolidating Industrial Citizenship: The USWA at War and Peace, 1939–1946,” in Forging a Union of Steel: Philip Murray, SWOC, and the United Steelworkers, ed. Paul F. Clark, Peter Gottlieb, and Donald Kennedy (Ithaca, NY: ILR Press, 1987); Jack Metzgar, “The 1945–1946 Strike Wave,” in The Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History, ed. Aaron Brenner, Benjamin Day, and Immanuel Ness (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2009).

For postwar working-class living standards, see CIO Wage Research Committee, “American Living Standards Endangered,” October 23, 1945; Peter Guralnick, Last Train to Memphis: The Rise of Elvis Presley (Boston: Little, Brown, 1994); Judith Stein, Running Steel, Running America: Race, Economic Policy, and the Decline of Liberalism (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998); Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000); Robert Bruno, Steelworker Alley: How Class Works in Youngstown (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999).

For blue-collar and female employment, see Claudia Goldin, “Labor Markets in the Twentieth Century,” in Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, ed. Engerman and Gallman; Susan M. Hartmann, The Home Front and Beyond: American Women in the 1940s (Boston: Tawyne, 1995).

For union political influence, see John Barnard, American Vanguard: The United Auto Workers During the Reuther Years, 1935–1970 (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2004); Dudley W. Buffa, Union Power and American Democracy: The UAW and the Democratic Party, 1935–72 (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1984); Milton Derber, Labor in Illinois: The Affluent Years, 1945–1980 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1989).

For business anti-unionism, see Sanford M. Jacoby, Modern Manors: Welfare Capitalism Since the New Deal (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997); Elizabeth A. Fones-Wolf, Selling Free Enterprise: The Business Assault on Labor and Liberalism, 1945–60 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994).

For price controls and consumer activism, see Meg Jacobs, “‘How About Some Meat?’: The Office of Price Administration, Consumption Politics, and State Building from the Bottom Up, 1941–1946,” Journal of American History 84 (December 1997): 910–41; Anne Stein, “Post-War Consumer Boycotts,” Radical America 9 (July–August 1975): 156–61; Lizabeth Cohen, A Consumers’ Republic: The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America (New York: Knopf, 2003); Annelise Orleck, Common Sense and a Little Fire: Working Women and Working-Class Politics in the United States, 1900–1965 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995).

For the pattern of postwar collective bargaining, see David Brody, Workers in Industrial America: Essays on the 20th Century Struggle, 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993); Daniel Bell, “Labor’s Coming of Middle Age,” Fortune 44 (October 1951): 114–15, 137–50.

For Taft-Hartley and its effects, see Christopher L. Tomlins, The State and the Unions: Labor Relations, Law, and the Organized Labor Movement in America, 1880–1960 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985); Howell John Harris, The Right to Manage: Industrial Relations Policies of American Business in the 1940s (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1982); Melvyn Dubofsky, The State and Labor in Modern America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994); James A. Gross, Broken Promise: The Subversion of U.S. Labor Relations Policy, 1947–1994 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994); Nelson Lichtenstein, “‘The Man in the Middle’: A Social History of Automobile Industry Foremen,” in On the Line: Essays on the History of Autowork, ed. Nelson Lichtenstein and Stephen Meyer (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1989).

For southern union organizing efforts, see Barbara S. Griffith, The Crisis of American Labor: Operation Dixie and the Defeat of the CIO (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1988); Michael K. Honey, “Operation Dixie, the Red Scare, and the Defeat of Southern Labor Organizing,” in American Labor and the Cold War: Grassroots Politics and Postwar Political Culture, ed. Robert W. Cherny, William Issel, and Kieran Walsh Taylor (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2004); Numan V. Bartley, The New South, 1945–1980 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995); Timothy J. Minchin, What Do We Need a Union For?: The TWUA in the South, 1945–1955 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997).

Chapter 2: Cold War

For broad frameworks for understanding the relationship between the United States and the world, see William Appleman Williams, The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (Cleveland: World Publishing Co., 1959); Gabriel Kolko, Main Currents in Modern American History (New York: Harper & Row, 1976); John Lewis Gaddis, Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Postwar American National Security Policy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1982); Eric Hobsbawm, The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914–1991 (New York: Vintage, 1996); Roger Latham, The Liberal Moment: Modernity, Security, and the Making of the Postwar International Order (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997).

For the U.S. economic position in the world, see Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000 (New York: Random House, 1987); Harry Magdoff, The Age of Imperialism: The Economics of U.S. Foreign Policy (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1969); Henry C. Dethloff, The United States and the Global Economy Since 1945 (Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1997).

For the postwar military and demobilization, see R. Alton Lee, “The Army ‘Mutiny’ of 1946,” Journal of American History 53 (December 1966): 555–71; Lori Lyn Bogle, The Pentagon’s Battle for the American Mind: The Early Cold War (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2004).

For Luce and the “American Century,” see Henry R. Luce, The American Century (New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1941); Neil Smith, American Empire: Roosevelt’s Geographer and the Prelude to Globalization (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003).

For perceptions of insecurity, see John Lewis Gaddis, “The Insecurities of Victory: The United States and Perception of the Soviet Threat After World War II,” in The Truman Presidency, ed. Michael J. Lacey (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989); Melvyn Leffler, A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1992).

For globalism and its conservative critics, see Ernest Jackh, The War for Man’s Soul (New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1943); Ronald Radosh, Prophets on the Right: Profiles of Conservative Critics of American Globalism (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1975); John Fousek, To Lead the Free World: American Nationalism and the Cultural Roots of the Cold War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000).

For the foreign policy establishment, see Godfrey Hodgson, The Colonel: The Life and Wars of Henry Stimson, 1867–1950 (New York: Knopf, 1990); C. Wright Mills, The Power Elite (New York: Oxford University Press, 1956); Thomas J. McCormick, America’s Half-Century: United States Foreign Policy in the Cold War, 2nd ed. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995); George F. Kennan, Memoirs 1925–1950 (Boston: Atlantic–Little, Brown, 1967); Dean Acheson, Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department (New York: Norton, 1969).

For efforts by mass organizations to influence foreign policy, see Penny M. Von Eschen, Race Against Empire: Black Americans and Anticolonialism, 1937–1957 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997); Thomas Borstelmann, The Cold War and the Color Line: American Race Relations in the Global Arena (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001); CIO Political Action Committee, The People’s Program for 1946 (New York: CIO-PAC, 1946); Victor Silverman, Imagining Internationalism in American and British Labor, 1939–1949 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2000).

For the United Nations and international economic institutions, see Stephen C. Schlesinger, Act of Creation: The Founding of the United Nations (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2003); Mary Ann Glendon, A World Made New: Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (New York: Random House, 2001); Richard N. Gardner, Sterling-Dollar Diplomacy in Current Perspective: The Origins and Prospects of Our International Economic Order (New York: Columbia University Press, 1980); Charles S. Maier, “The Politics of Productivity: Foundations of American International Economic Policy After World War II,” International Organization 31 (September 1977): 607–33; Mark Levinson, “Trade Places: Globalization from the Bottom Up,” New Labor Forum 11 (Fall–Winter 2002): 20–28.

For U.S.-Soviet relations, see Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt: A Rendezvous with Destiny (Boston: Little, Brown, 1990); Arnold A. Offner, Another Such Victory: President Truman and the Cold War, 1945–1953 (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2002); Walter LaFeber, America, Russia and the Cold War, 1945–2002, updated 9th ed. (Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2004); Stephen E. Ambrose and Douglas G. Brinkley, Rise to Globalism: American Foreign Policy Since 1938, 8th revised ed. (New York: Penguin, 1997); Vladislav Zubok and Constantine Pleshakov, Inside the Kremlin’s Cold War: From Stalin to Khrushchev (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996); Ralph B. Levering, Vladimir O. Pechatnov, Verena Botzenhart-Viehe, and C. Earl Edmondson, Debating the Origins of the Cold War: American and Russian Perspectives (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2002); Melvyn P. Leffler, “The Cold War: What Do ‘We Now Know’?” American Historical Review 104 (April 1999): 501–24.

For oil and Middle East policy, see Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money and Power (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991); Bruce R. Kunihom, “U.S. Policy in the Near East: The Triumphs and Tribulations of the Truman Administration,” in Truman Presidency, ed. Lacey.

For the origins of the Truman Doctrine and the Greek civil war, see Charles S. Maier, “Alliance and Autonomy: European Identity and U.S. Foreign Policy Objectives in the Truman Years,” in Truman Presidency, ed. Lacey; Gabriel and Joyce Kolko, The Limits of Power: The World and United States Foreign Policy, 1945–54 (New York: Harper & Row, 1972); Carolyn Eisenberg, “The Cold War in Europe,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Jean-Christophe Agnew and Roy Rosenzweig (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006); Lawrence S. Wittner, American Intervention in Greece, 1943–1949 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1982): Richard M. Freeland, The Truman Doctrine and the Origins of McCarthyism: Foreign Policy, Domestic Politics, and Internal Security, 1946–1948 (New York: New York University Press, 1985); Milovan Djilas, Conversations with Stalin (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1962).

For the creation of the national security apparatus, see Michael J. Hogan, A Cross of Iron: Harry S. Truman and the Origins of the National Security State, 1945–1954 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).

Chapter 3: Stalemate in Washington

For divisions in liberal groups, see J. Angus Johnston, “Questions of Communism and Anticommunism in Twentieth-Century American Student Activism,” Peace & Change 26 (July 2001): 301–15; Ronald Schatz, “Philip Murray and the Subordination of Industrial Unions to the United States Government,” in Labor Leaders in America, ed. Melvyn Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987); Bert Cochran, Labor and Communism: The Conflict That Shaped American Unions (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1977); Philip Taft, The A.F. of L. from the Death of Gompers to the Merger (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1959).

For civil rights and the 1948 election, see Jack M. Bloom, Class, Race, and the Civil Rights Movement: The Changing Political Economy of Southern Racism (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987); Michael R. Gardner, Harry Truman and Civil Rights: Moral Courage and Political Risks (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2002); Steven F. Lawson, Running for Freedom: Civil Rights and Black Politics in America Since 1941 (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991); Harry S. Truman, Memoirs, vol. 2, Years of Trial and Hope (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1956); Jennifer A. Delton, Making Minnesota Liberal: Civil Rights and the Transformation of the Democratic Party (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2002); Robert A. Caro, The Years of Lyndon Johnson: Master of the Senate (New York: Knopf, 2002).

For the campaign and its outcome, see James T. Patterson, Mr. Republican: A Biography of Robert A. Taft (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972); Harold I. Gullan, The Upset That Wasn’t: Harry S. Truman and the Crucial Election of 1948 (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1998); David Plotke, Building a Democratic Political Order: Reshaping American Liberalism in the 1930s and 1940s (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).

For Fair Deal legislation, see Paul Starr, The Social Transformation of American Medicine (New York: Basic Books, 1982); Colin Gordon, Dead on Arrival: The Politics of Health Care in Twentieth-Century America (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003); Robert Griffith, “Forging America’s Postwar Order: Domestic Politics and Political Economy in the Age of Truman,” in The Truman Presidency, ed. Michael J. Lacey (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989); Richard O. Davies, Housing Reform During the Truman Administration (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1966).

Chapter 4: National Security State

For the Korean War, see Steven Hugh Lee, The Korean War (Harlow, UK: Longman, 2001); William W. Stueck, The Korean War: An International History (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995); Rudy Tomedi, No Bugles, No Drums: An Oral History of the Korean War (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1993); Donald Knox, The Korean War: Pusan to Chosin; An Oral History (San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985); Donald Knox, with additional text by Alfred Coppel, The Korean War: Uncertain Victory; An Oral History (San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1988); Conrad C. Crane, American Airpower Strategy in Korea, 1950–1953 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2000); Ron Robin, “Behavioral Codes and Truce Talks: Images of the Enemy and Expert Knowledge in the Korean Armistice Negotiations,” Diplomatic History 25 (Fall 2001): 625–46.

For decolonization and the beginning of the Cold War in Asia, see Eric Hobsbawm, The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914–1991 (New York: Vintage, 1996); James I. Matray, “The United States and East Asia in the Postwar Era,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Jean-Christophe Agnew and Roy Rosenzweig (Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2002); Robert J. McMahon, “Toward a Post-Colonial Order: Truman Administration Policies Toward South and Southeast Asia,” in The Truman Presidency, ed. Michael J. Lacey (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).

For the militarization of American foreign policy, see Robert A. Pollard, “The National Security State Reconsidered: Truman and Economic Containment, 1945–1950,” and John W. Dower, “Occupied Japan and the Cold War in Asia,” in Truman Presidency, ed. Lacey; Ernest R. May, American Cold War Strategy: Interpreting NSC 68 (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 1993); John W. Dower, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II (New York: Norton/New Press, 1999).

For atomic weapons and research, see Paul Boyer, By the Bomb’s Early Light: American Thought and Culture at the Dawn of the Atomic Age (New York: Pantheon Books, 1985); McGeorge Bundy, Danger and Survival: Choices About the Bomb in the First Fifty Years (New York: Random House, 1988); Gregg Herken, The Winning Weapon: The Atomic Bomb in the Cold War, 1945–1950 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981); Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin, American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer (New York: Knopf, 2005); Rebecca Solnit, Savage Dreams: A Journey into the Landscape Wars of the American West (San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1994); Valerie L. Kuletz, The Tainted Desert: Environmental Ruin in the American West (New York: Routledge, 1998); Eileen Welsome, The Plutonium Files: America’s Secret Medical Experiments in the Cold War (New York: Dial, 1999).

For the influence of the military and intelligence agencies, see C. Wright Mills, The Power Elite (New York: Oxford University Press, 1956); Samuel P. Huntington, The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1967); Frances Stoner Saunders, The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World of Arts and Letters (New York: New Press, 2000).

For the federal role in postwar research and development, see David Mowery and Nathan Rosenberg, “Twentieth-Century Technological Change,” in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, The Twentieth Century, ed. Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000); Walter A. MacDougall, The Heavens and the Earth: A Political History of the Space Age (New York: Basic Books, 1985); D. Graham Burnett, “A Mind in the Water: The Dolphin as Our Beast of Burden,” Orion (May–June 2010): 38–51.

For defense spending, see Michael Edelstein, “War and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century,” in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, ed. Engerman and Gallman; Michael J. Hogan, A Cross of Iron: Harry S. Truman and the Origins of the National Security State, 1945–1954 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).

For postwar anticommunism, see Ellen Shrecker, Many Are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America (Boston: Little, Brown, 1998); Robert Griffith and Athan G. Theoharis, eds., The Specter: Original Essays on the Cold War and the Origins of McCarthyism (New York: New Viewpoints, 1974); Richard M. Fried, Nightmare in Red: The McCarthy Era in Perspective (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990); David Caute, The Great Fear: The Anti-Communist Purge Under Truman and Eisenhower (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1978); Joel Kovel, Red Hunting in the Promised Land: Anticommunism and the Making of America (New York: Basic Books, 1994); Donald F. Crosby, S.J., God, Church, and Flag: Senator Joseph R. McCarthy and the Catholic Church, 1950–1957 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1978); Corey Robin, Fear: The History of a Political Idea (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004); Herbert S. Parmet, Richard Nixon and His America (Boston: Little, Brown, 1990); David Oshinksy, A Conspiracy So Immense: The World of Joe McCarthy (New York: Free Press, 1983); Jeff Woods, Black Struggle, Red Scare: Segregation and Anti-Communism in the South, 1948–1968 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004); Michael J. Ybarra, Washington Gone Crazy: Senator Pat McCarran and the Great American Communist Hunt (Hanover, NH: Steerforth Press, 2004); Daniel Bell, ed., The Radical Right: The New American Right (Garden City, NY: Anchor, 1964); Steve Fraser, Labor Will Rule: Sidney Hillman and the Rise of American Labor (New York: Free Press, 1991); David Nasaw, The Chief: The Life of William Randolph Hearst (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000).

For the language of anticommunism, see Eric Foner, The Story of Freedom (New York: Norton, 1998); Les Adler and Thomas G. Paterson, “Red Fascism: The Merger of Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia in the American Image of Totalitarianism, 1930’s–1950’s,” American Historical Review 74 (April 1970): 1046–64; Jim Tuck, McCarthyism and New York’s Hearst Press: A Study in Roles in the Witch Hunt (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1995).

For government investigations of communism and homosexuality, see Eric Bentley, ed., Thirty Years of Treason: Excerpts from Hearings Before the House Committee on Un-American Activities, 1938–1968 (New York: Viking, 1971); David K. Johnson, The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004); Robert D. Dean, Imperial Brotherhood: Gender and the Making of Cold War Foreign Policy (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2001); Richard M. Freeland, The Truman Doctrine and the Origins of McCarthyism: Foreign Policy, Domestic Politics, and Internal Security, 1946–1948 (New York: New York University Press, 1985); Richard Nixon, Six Crises (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1962); John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999).

For McCarthy and housing, see Rosalyn Baxandall and Elizabeth Ewen, Picture Windows: How the Suburbs Happened (New York: Basic Books, 2000); Neil J. Sullivan, The Dodgers Move West (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987).

For anticommunism and labor, see Steve Rosswurm, ed., The CIO’s Left-Led Unions (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1992); Harvey A. Levenstein, Communism, Anti-Communism, and the CIO (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1981); Robert W. Cherny, William Issel, and Kiernan Walsh Taylor, eds., American Labor and the Cold War: Grassroots Politics and Postwar Political Culture (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2004).

For the left-wing influence on mass culture and the blacklist, see Michael Denning, The Cultural Front: The Laboring of American Culture in the Twentieth Century (London: Verso, 1996); Paul Buhle and David Wagner, Blacklisted: The Film Lover’s Guide to the Hollywood Blacklist (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003); Victor S. Navasky, Naming Names (New York: Viking, 1980).

For religion and the Cold War, see Patrick Allitt, American Religion Since 1945: A History (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003); Andrew J. Rotter, “Christians, Muslims, and Hindus: Religion and U.S.–South Asian Relations, 1947–1954,” Diplomatic History 24 (Fall 2000): 593–613; Thomas A. Kselman and Steven Avella, “Marian Piety and the Cold War in the United States,” Catholic Historical Review 72 (July 1986): 403–24.

For the 1952 election and Eisenhower, see Barton J. Bernstein, “Election of 1952,” in History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–2001, vol. 8, ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. (Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2002); Gary W. Reichard, Politics as Unusual: The Age of Truman and Eisenhower (Arlington Heights, IL: Harlan Davidson, 1988); Stephen E. Ambrose, Eisenhower, vol. 2, The President (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984); Robert Griffith, “Dwight D. Eisenhower and the Corporate Commonwealth,” American Historical Review 87 (February 1982): 87–122; Arthur Larson, A Republican Looks at His Party (New York: Harper, 1956).

For militarism, see Alex Roland, The Military-Industrial Complex (Washington, DC: Society for the History of Technology and the American Historical Association, 2001); Laura McEnaney, Civil Defense Begins at Home: Militarization Meets Everyday Life in the Fifties (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000).

For McCarthy’s downfall and the continuation of anticommunism, see A. M. Sperber, Murrow: His Life and Times (New York: Freundlich Books, 1986); Natalie Robins, Alien Ink: The FBI’s War on Freedom of Expression (New York: William Morrow, 1992); Ellen Schrecker, The Age of McCarthyism: A Brief History with Documents (Boston: Bedford, 1994).

Chapter 5: Suburban Nation

For Florence Thompson, see Rebecca Markel, “Migrant Madonna,” Smithsonian 32 (March 2002): 21–22; Bill Ganzel, Dust Bowl Descent (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984).

For general histories of postwar living, see James T. Patterson, Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945–1974 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997); Douglas T. Miller and Marion Nowak, The Fifties: The Way We Really Were (New York: Doubleday, 1977); David Halberstram, The Fifties (New York: Villard Books, 1993); John Patrick Diggins, The Proud Decades: America in War and Peace, 1941–1960 (New York: Norton, 1988).

For suburban living as the image of the United States, see Kevin Starr, Embattled Dreams: California in War and Peace, 1940–1950 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002); Lynn Spiegel, Make Room for TV: Television and the Family Ideal in Postwar America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992); George Lipsitz, Time Passages: Collective Memory and American Popular Culture (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1989); Victoria de Grazia, Irresistible Empire: America’s Advance Through Twentieth-Century Europe (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005).

For precursors of postwar society, see Ellis W. Hawley, The Great War and the Search for a Modern Order: A History of the American People and Their Institutions, 1917–1933 (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1979).

For postwar manufacturing, see David M. Gordon, Richard Edwards, and Michael Reich, Segmented Work, Divided Workers: The Historical Transformation of Labor in the United States (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982).

For federal infrastructure projects, see Marc Reisner, Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water, revised and updated ed. (New York: Penguin, 1993); T. L. Hills, The St. Lawrence Seaway (London: Methuen, 1959); William R. Willoughby, The St. Lawrence Waterway: A Study in Politics and Diplomacy (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1961); Arnold R. Hirsch, “New Orleans: Sunbelt in the Swamp,” in Sunbelt Cities: Politics and Growth Since World War II, ed. Richard M. Bernard and Bradley R. Rice (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1983); Mark H. Rose, Interstate: Express Highway Politics, 1941–1956 (Lawrence: Regents Press of Kansas, 1979); Tom Lewis, Divided Highways: Building the Interstate Highways, Transforming American Life (New York: Viking Penguin, 1997).

For demography, life expectancy, and diet, see Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Vital Statistics Reports 51 (December 19, 2002); Roger Horowitz, Putting Meat on the American Table: Taste, Technology, Transformation (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006); Richard A. Easterlin, “Twentieth-Century American Population Growth,” in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, The Twentieth Century, ed. Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000); Stephen Lassonde, “Family and Demography in Postwar America: A Hazard of New Fortunes?,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Jean-Cristophe Agnew and Roy Rosenzweig (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2002); Stephanie Coontz, The Way We Never Were: American Families and the Nostalgia Trap (New York: Basic Books, 1992).

On unions, social benefits, and the transformation of working-class life, see Joshua B. Freeman, “Labor During the American Century: Work, Workers, and Unions Since 1945,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Agnew and Rosenzweig; Judith Stein, Running Steel, Running America: Race, Economic Policy, and the Decline of Liberalism (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998); Joshua B. Freeman, Working-Class New York: Life and Labor Since World War II (New York: New Press, 2000); Nelson Lichtenstein, “From Corporatism to Collective Bargaining: Organized Labor and the Eclipse of Social Democracy in the Postwar Era,” in The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930–1980, ed. Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989); Melvyn Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine, John L. Lewis: A Biography (New York: Quadrangle/New York Times Book Co., 1977); Robert H. Zieger, John L. Lewis: Labor Leader (Boston: Twayne, 1988); David L. Stebenne, Arthur J. Goldberg: New Deal Liberal (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996); Jennifer Klein, For All These Rights: Business, Labor, and the Shaping of America’s Public-Private Welfare State (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003); Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000); Seth Wigderson, “How the CIO Saved Social Security,” Labor History 44 (November 2003): 483–507; Richard B. Freeman and James L. Medoff, What Do Unions Do? (New York: Basic Books, 1984).

For the anti-union offensive, see Nelson Lichtenstein, State of the Union: A Century of American Labor (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002); Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Robert Kennedy and His Times (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978); Thaddeus Russell, Out of the Jungle: Jimmy Hoffa and the Remaking of the American Working Class (New York: Knopf, 2001); Kim Phillips-Fein, “‘If Business and the Country Will Be Run Right’: The Business Challenge to the Liberal Consensus, 1945–1964,” International Labor and Working-Class History 72 (2007): 192–215; Melvyn Dubofsky, The State and Labor in Modern America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994); Mike Davis, Prisoners of the American Dream (New York: Verso, 1986).

For consumer credit, see Louis Hyman, Debtor Nation: The History of America in Red Ink (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011); Roger Lowenstein, “Tax Break: Who Needs the Mortgage-Interest Deduction?,” New York Times Magazine, March 5, 2006; David S. Evans and Richard Schmalensee, Paying with Plastic: The Digital Revolution in Buying and Borrowing, 2nd ed. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005).

For discount stores, see Sandra S. Vance and Roy V. Scott, “Sam Walton and Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.: A Study in Modern Southern Entrepreneurship,” Journal of Southern History 58 (May 1992): 231–52; Susan Strasser, “Woolworth to Wal-Mart: Mass Merchandising and the Changing Culture of Consumption,” in Wal-Mart: The Face of Twenty-First-Century Capitalism, ed. Nelson Lichtenstein (New York: New Press, 2006).

For media and advertising, see Susan J. Douglas, “Mass Media: From 1945 to Present,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Agnew and Rosenzweig.

For suburbanization, see Gwendolyn Wright, Building the Dream: A Social History of Housing in America (New York: Pantheon, 1981); Kenneth T. Jackson, Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985); Rosalyn Baxandall and Elizabeth Ewen, Picture Windows: How the Suburbs Happened (New York: Basic Books, 2000); Richard Polenberg, One Nation Divisible: Class, Race, and Ethnicity in the United States Since 1938 (New York: Penguin, 1980); Richard M. Bernard and Bradley R. Rice, eds., Sunbelt Cities: Politics and Growth Since World War II (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1983); Joan Didion, Where I Was From (New York: Knopf, 2003); D. J. Waldie, Holy Land: A Suburban Memoir (New York: Norton, 1996); The Lakewood Story: History, Tradition, Values (Lakewood, CA: City of Lakewood, 2004); Herbert J. Gans, The Levittowners: Ways of Life and Politics in a New Suburban Community (New York: Vintage, 1967); David Beers, Blue Sky Dream: A Memoir of America’s Fall from Grace (New York: Doubleday, 1996); Andrew Wiese, Places of Their Own: African American Suburbanization in the Twentieth Century (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004).

For residential segregation and resistance to integration, see Douglas S. Massey and Nancy A. Denton, American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993); Thomas J. Sugrue, The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996); Arnold R. Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940–1960 (New York Cambridge University Press, 1983); David Kushner, Levittown: Two Families, One Tycoon, and the Fight for Civil Rights in America’s Legendary Suburb (New York: Walker & Company, 2009); James Wolfinger, Philadelphia Divided: Race and Politics in the City of Brotherly Love (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007); John T. McGreevy, Parish Boundaries: The Catholic Encounter with Race in the Twentieth-Century North (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996).

For the decline in rural work, see Richard Lingeman, Small Town America: A Narrative History, 1620–the Present (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980); Jacqueline Jones, American Work: Four Centuries of Black and White Labor (New York: Norton, 1998).

For migration of people and jobs, see Chad Berry, Southern Migrants, Northern Exiles (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2000); Jacqueline Jones, The Dispossessed: America’s Underclass from the Civil War to the Present (New York: Basic Books, 1992); Pete Daniel, Lost Revolutions: The South in the 1950s (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1950); Nan Elizabeth Woodruff, “Mississippi Delta Planters and Debates over Mechanization, Labor, and Civil Rights in the 1940s,” Journal of Southern History 60 (May 1994): 263–84; James N. Gregory, American Exodus: The Dust Bowl Migration and Okie Culture in California (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989); Gail Cooper, Air-Conditioning America: Engineers and the Controlled Environment, 1900–1960 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998); Jefferson Cowie, Capital Moves: RCA’s 70-Year Quest for Cheap Labor (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999).

For immigration, see Ronald Takaki, Strangers from a Different Shore: A History of Asian Americans, updated and revised ed. (Boston: Little, Brown, 1998); Reed Ueda, Postwar Immigrant America: A Social History (Boston: Bedford, 1994); Mae M. Ngai, Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004).

For shopping centers, see Dell Upton, Architecture in the United States (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998); Thomas W. Hanchett, “U.S. Tax Policy and the Shopping-Center Boom of the 1950s and 1960s,” American Historical Review 101 (October 1996): 1082–1110; Lizabeth Cohen, A Consumers’ Republic: The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America (New York: Knopf, 2003).

For suburban religion, see Elaine Tyler May, “Cold War—Warm Hearth: Politics and the Family in Postwar America,” in The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930–1980, ed. Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989); James T. Fisher, “American Religion Since 1945,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Agnew and Rosenzweig.

For suburban energy use and environmental impact, see Adam Rome, The Bulldozer in the Countryside: Suburban Sprawl and the Rise of American Environmentalism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001).

For postwar sexuality and gender roles, see Marcia M. Gallo, Different Daughters: A History of the Daughters of Bilitis and the Rise of the Lesbian Rights Movement (New York: Carroll & Graf, 2006); Brett Harvey, The Fifties: A Women’s Oral History (New York: HarperCollins, 1993); Elaine Tyler May, Homeward Bound: American Families in the Cold War Era (New York: Basic Books, 1988); Leila J. Rupp and Verta Taylor, Survival in the Doldrums: The American Women’s Rights Movement, 1945 to the 1960s (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1990); Rosalind Rosenberg, Divided Lives: American Women in the Twentieth Century (New York: Hill & Wang, 1992).

For female labor force participation, see Alice Kessler-Harris, Out to Work: A History of Wage-Earning Women in the United States (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982); Ruth Milkman, Gender at Work: The Dynamics of Job Segregation by Sex During World War II (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987); Nancy F. Gabin, Feminism in the Labor Movement: Women and the United Auto Workers, 1935–1975 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1990); Paddy Quick, “Rosie the Riveter: Myths and Realities,” Radical America 9 (July–October 1975): 115–31.

For housewives and housework, see Juliet B. Schor, The Overworked American: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure (New York: Basic Books, 1991); Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique (New York: Norton, 1963); Selma James, “A Woman’s Place,” in Mariarosa Dalla Costa and Selma James, The Power of Women and the Subversion of the Community (Bristol, UK: Falling Wall Press, 1972).

Chapter 6: “We the Union Army”

For the effect of World War II on the struggle for African American rights, see Robert Korstad and Nelson Lichtenstein, “Opportunities Found and Lost: Labor, Radicals, and the Early Civil Rights Movement,” Journal of American History 75 (December 1988): 786–811.

For state and local antidiscrimination laws, see Paul D. Moreno, From Direct Action to Affirmative Action: Fair Employment Law and Policy in America, 1933–1972 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1997); Martha Biondi, To Stand and Fight: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Postwar New York City (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003); Duane Lockard, Toward Equal Opportunity: A Study of State and Local Antidiscrimination Laws (New York: Macmillan, 1968).

For Supreme Court rulings, see Michael J. Klarman, From Jim Crow to Civil Rights: The Supreme Court and the Struggle for Racial Equality (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004); Eric Arnesen, Brotherhoods of Color: Black Railroad Workers and the Struggle for Equality (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001).

For black voting and officeholding, see Charles M. Payne, I’ve Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995); Timothy B. Tyson, Radio Free Dixie: Robert F. Williams and the Roots of Black Power (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999); William H. Chafe, Civilities and Civil Rights: Greensboro, North Carolina, and the Black Struggle for Freedom (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980).

For broadened notions of democracy, see Nicholas Lemann, Out of the Forties (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985); Alexander Keyssar, The Right to Vote: The Contested History of Democracy in the United States (New York, Basic Books, 2000); Linda K. Kerber, No Constitutional Right to Be Ladies: Women and the Obligations of Citizenship (New York: Hill & Wang, 1998).

For the desegregation of sports, see Jules Tygiel, Baseball’s Great Experiment: Jackie Robinson and His Legacy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1983).

For liberal views of race relations and civil rights, see Gunnar Myrdal, An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1944); Martin Bauml Duberman, Paul Robeson: A Biography (New York: Knopf, 1989); David L. Chappell, A Stone of Hope: Prophetic Religion and the Death of Jim Crow (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004).

For Brown, see Richard Kluger, Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America’s Struggle for Equality (New York: Knopf, 1976); James T. Patterson, Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001); “Roundtable: Brown v. Board of Education, Fifty Years After,” Journal of American History 91 (June 2004): 19–118.

For Emmett Till, see Stephen J. Whitfield, A Death in the Delta: The Story of Emmett Till (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991); Ann Moody, Coming of Age in Mississippi (New York: Dial, 1968).

For the Baton Rouge and Montgomery bus boycotts, see Aldon D. Morris, The Origins of the Civil Rights Movement: Black Communities Organizing for Change (New York: Free Press, 1984); David J. Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (New York: Random House, 1986); Taylor Branch, Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954–1963 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1988); Rosa Parks with Jim Haskins, Rosa Parks: My Story (New York: Dial Books, 1992); Jo Ann Gibson Robinson, The Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Women Who Started It: The Memoir of Jo Ann Gibson Robinson (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1996); Stephen B. Oates, Let the Trumpet Sound: A Life of Martin Luther King, Jr. (New York: Harper & Row, 1982).

For concern about the international impact of southern racism, see Mary L. Dudziak, Cold War Civil Rights: Race and the Image of American Democracy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000); Penny M. Von Eschen, Satchmo Blows Up the World: Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004).

For Eisenhower and civil rights, see Steven F. Lawson, Running for Freedom: Civil Rights and Black Politics in America Since 1941 (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991); Herbert S. Parmet, Eisenhower and the American Crusades (New York: Macmillan, 1972).

For Alaska and Hawaii statehood, see Stephen Haycox, Alaska: An American Colony (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002); Benjamin F. Shearer, ed., The United States: The Story of Statehood for the Fifty United States (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2004).

For civil rights activity in the late 1950s and early 1960s, see Harvard Sitkoff, The Struggle for Black Equality, 1954–1992 (New York: Hill & Wang, 1993); Robert J. Norrell, Reaping the Whirlwind: The Civil Rights Movement in Tuskegee (New York: Knopf, 1985); Barbara Ransby, Ella Baker and the Black Freedom Movement: A Radical Democratic Vision (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003); Clarence Taylor, Knocking at Our Own Door: Milton A. Galamison and the Struggle to Integrate New York City Schools (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997); James Forman, The Making of Black Revolutionaries (New York: Macmillan, 1972).

Chapter 7: “Hour of Maximum Danger”

For Kennedy, see Robert Dallek, An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963 (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003); Herbert S. Parmet, JFK: The Presidency of John F. Kennedy (New York: Dial, 1983); Garry Wills, The Kennedy Imprisonment: A Meditation on Power (Boston: Little, Brown, 1982); James N. Giglio, The Presidency of John F. Kennedy (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1991).

For Eisenhower’s foreign policy, see Blanche Wiesen Cook, The Declassified Eisenhower: A Divided Legacy of Peace and Political Warfare (New York: Doubleday, 1981); Stephen E. Ambrose, Eisenhower, vol. 2, The President (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984); Richard M. Nixon, RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1978); Zachary Karabell, Architects of Intervention: The United States, the Third World, and the Cold War, 1946–1962 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1999).

For the CIA, see John Ranelagh, The Agency: The Rise and Decline of the CIA (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986); William Colby, Honorable Men: My Life in the CIA (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1978); Philip Agree, Inside the Company: CIA Diary (New York: Stonehill, 1975).

For the Soviet side of the Cold War, see Vladislav Zubok and Constantine Pleshakov, Inside the Kremlin’s Cold War: From Stalin to Khrushchev (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996); William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era (New York: Norton, 2003).

For Latin America, see Deborah Levenson-Estrada, Trade Unionists Against Terror: Guatemala City, 1954–1985 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994); Greg Gandin, The Last Colonial Massacre: Latin America in the Cold War (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004); Walter LeFeber, Inevitable Revolutions: The United States in Central America (New York: Norton, 1993); Greg Gandin, “Off the Beach: The United States, Latin America, and the Cold War,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Jean-Christophe Agnew and Roy Rosenzweig (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006); Richard M. Nixon, Six Crises (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1962); Aleksandr Furesenko and Timothy Naftali, “One Hell of a Gamble”: Khrushchev, Castro, and Kennedy, 1958–1964 (New York: Norton, 1997).

For Kennedy-era masculinity, see Barbara Ehrenreich, The Hearts of Men: American Dreams and the Flight from Commitment (Garden City, NY: Anchor/Doubleday, 1983).

For Rostow and modernization theory, see W. W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960); W. W. Rostow, The Diffusion of Power: An Essay in Recent History (New York: Macmillan, 1972).

For debates over economic growth, see John Kenneth Galbraith, A Life in Our Times (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1981); Robert M. Collins, More: The Politics of Economic Growth in Postwar America (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000); David L. Stebenne, Arthur J. Goldberg: New Deal Liberal (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996).

For Kennedy and the civil rights movement, see Raymond Arsenault, Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006); Maurice Isserman, If I Had a Hammer: The Death of the Old Left and the Birth of the New Left (New York: Basic Books, 1987); Clayborne Carson, In Struggle: SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981); Diane McWhorter, Carry Me Home: Birmingham, Alabama, the Climactic Battle of the Civil Rights Revolution (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001); Robert Weisbrot, Freedom Bound: A History of America’s Civil Rights Movement (New York: Plume, 1990).

For voting rights, see Gene Graham, One Man, One Vote: Baker v. Carr and the American Levellers (Boston: Little, Brown, 1972); Michael Schudson, The Good Citizen: A History of American Civil Life (New York: Free Press, 1998); Lucas A. Powe Jr., The Warren Court and American Politics (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2000).

For civil rights activity in the North, see Joshua B. Freeman, Working-Class New York: Life and Labor Since World War II (New York: New Press, 2000); Clarence Taylor, The Black Churches of Brooklyn (New York: Columbia University Press, 1994).

For the Kennedy assassination, see Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965); Michael R. Beschloss, ed., Taking Charge: The Johnson White House Tapes, 1963–1964 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997).

Chapter 8: The Democratic Revolution

For overviews of the 1960s, see Stephen Macedo, ed., Reassessing the Sixties: Debating the Political and Cultural Legacy (New York: Norton, 1997); Maurice Isserman and Michael Kazin, America Divided: The Civil War of the 1960s (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008).

For higher education, see Jodi Vandenberg-Davies, “‘There’s Got to Be More Out There’: White Working-Class Women, College and the ‘Better Life,’ 1950–1985,” International Labor and Working-Class History 62 (Fall 2002): 99–120; Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz, Campus Life: Undergraduate Cultures from the End of the Eighteenth Century to the Present (New York: Knopf, 1987); Nicholas Lemann, The Big Test: The Secret History of the American Meritocracy (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1999); Perdita Buchan, “Cliffe Notes,” Harvard Magazine 104 (May–June 2002): 16–18.

For intellectual and cultural dissent, see Howard Brick, Age of Contradiction: American Thought and Culture in the 1960s (New York: Twayne, 1998); Godfrey Hodgson, America in Our Time (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1976); Thomas Frank, The Conquest of Cool: Business Culture, Counterculture, and the Rise of Hip Consumerism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997).

For youth culture, see Joan Didion, The White Album (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1979); William Graebner, Coming of Age in Buffalo: Youth and Authority in the Postwar Era (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1990); Thomas Hine, The Rise and Fall of the American Teenager (New York: Bard, 1999); Bradford W. Wright, Comic Book Nation: The Transformation of Youth Culture in America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001).

For rock and roll, see Joel Whitburn, The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits (New York: Billboard Publications, 1987); Peter Guralnick, Last Train to Memphis: The Rise of Elvis Presley (Boston: Little, Brown, 1994); Peter Guralnick, Dream Boogie: The Triumph of Sam Cooke (New York: Little Brown, 2005).

For student protest, see W. J. Rorabaugh, Berkeley at War: The 1960s (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989); Kirkpatrick Sale, SDS (New York: Random House, 1973); James Miller, “Democracy Is in the Streets”: From Port Huron to the Siege of Chicago (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1987); David Harris, Dreams Die Hard: Three Men’s Journey Through the Sixties (New York: St. Martin’s/Marek, 1982); Todd Gitlin, The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage (New York: Bantam, 1987); Terry H. Anderson, The Movement and the Sixties (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995).

For activist groups, see Amy Swerdlow, Women Strike for Peace: Traditional Motherhood and Radical Politics in the 1960s (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993); Van Gosse, Where the Boys Are: Cuba, Cold War America, and the Making of the New Left (London: Verso, 1993); Daniel Horowitz, Betty Friedan and the Making of the Feminine Mystique: The American Left, the Cold War, and Modern Feminism (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1998).

For southern civil rights struggles, see Doug McAdam, Freedom Summer (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988); Timothy B. Tyson, Blood Done Sign My Name: A True Story (New York: Crown, 2004).

For Goldwater and the New Right, see Rick Perlstein, Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus (New York: Hill & Wang, 2001); Barry Goldwater, The Conscience of a Conservative (Shepherdsville, KY: Bottom of the Hill Publishing, 1960); Michael Miles, The Odyssey of the American Right (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980); John A. Andrew III, The Other Side of the Sixties: Young Americans for Freedom and the Rise of Conservative Politics (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1997); Lisa McGirr, Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American Right (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001).

For Engel v. Vital, see Lucas A. Powe Jr., The Warren Court and American Politics (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2000); Patrick Allitt, Religion in America Since 1945 (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003).

For Lyndon Johnson, see Robert A. Caro, The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power (New York: Knopf, 1982); Robert A. Caro, The Years of Lyndon Johnson: Means of Ascent (New York: Knopf, 1990); Robert A. Caro, The Years of Lyndon Johnson: Master of the Senate (New York: Knopf, 2002); Robert Dalleck, Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1961–1973 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998); Doris Kearns, Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1976); Michael Beschloss, ed., Taking Charge: The Johnson White House Tapes, 1963–1964 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997); Irving Bernstein, Guns or Butter: The Presidency of Lyndon Johnson (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996); Sidney M. Milkis, “Lyndon Johnson, the Great Society, and the ‘Twilight’ of the Modern Presidency,” in The Great Society and the High Tide of Liberalism, ed. Sidney M. Milkis and Jerome M. Mileur (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2005).

For civil rights and women’s rights legislation, see Charles and Barbara Whalen, The Longest Debate: A Legislative History of the 1964 Civil Rights Act (Cabin John, MD: Seven Locks Press, 1985); Dorothy Sue Cobble, The Other Women’s Movement: Workplace Justice and Social Rights in Modern America (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004); Nancy Woloch, Women and the American Experience, 2nd ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984).

For the antipoverty program, see James T. Patterson, America’s Struggle Against Poverty, 1900–1985 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1986); Frances Fox Piven and Richard A. Cloward, Regulating the Poor: The Functions of Public Welfare (New York: Pantheon, 1971); Allen J. Matusow, The Unraveling of America: A History of Liberalism in the 1960s (New York: Harper & Row, 1984).

For the 1964 election, see Theodore H. White, The Making of the President, 1964 (New York: HarperCollins, 1969): Steven F. Lawson, Black Ballots; Voting Rights in the South, 1944–1969 (New York: Lexington Books, 1976); Dan T. Carter, The Politics of Rage: George Wallace, the Origins of the New Conservatism, and the Transformation of American Politics (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995).

For Medicare-Medicaid, see Jennifer Klein, For All These Rights: Business, Labor, and the Shaping of America’s Public-Private Welfare State (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003); Edward Berkowitz, “Medicare: The Great Society’s Enduring National Health Insurance Program,” in The Great Society and the High Tide of Liberalism, ed. Milkis and Mileur.

For immigration reform, see Hugh Davis Graham, Collision Course: The Strange Convergence of Affirmative Action and Immigration Policy in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002); Mae M. Ngai, Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004); Kitty Calavita, Inside the State: The Bracero Program, Immigration, and the INS (New York: Routledge, 1992).

For the environmental movement and legislation, see Ian Tyrrell, “Modern Environmentalism,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Jean-Christophe Agnew and Roy Rosenzweig (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006); J. R. McNeill, Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World (New York: Norton, 2000); Samuel P. Hays, in collaboration with Barbara D. Hays, Beauty, Health, and Permanence: Environmental Politics in the United States, 1955–1985 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987); Rachel Carson, Silent Spring (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1962); Andrew Hurley, Environmental Inequalities: Class, Race, and Industrial Pollution in Gary, Indiana, 1945–1980 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995); Adam Rome, The Bulldozer in the Countryside: Suburban Sprawl and the Rise of American Environmentalism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001).

For Watts, see Robert Conot, Rivers of Blood, Years of Darkness (New York: Bantam, 1967); Gerald Horne, Fire This Time: The Watts Uprising and the 1960s (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1995).

For labor and the Great Society, see Kevin Boyle, The UAW and the Heyday of American Liberalism, 1945–1968 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995); David Brody, Workers in Industrial America: Essays on the Twentieth-Century Struggle, 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993).

For the politics of race in northern cities, see John T. McGreevy, Parish Boundaries: The Catholic Encounter with Race in the Twentieth-Century North (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996); Kenneth D. Durr, Behind the Backlash: White Working-Class Politics in Baltimore, 1940–1980 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003); Frances Fox Piven and Richard A. Cloward, “The Politics of the Great Society,” in The Great Society and the High Tide of Liberalism, ed. Milkis and Mileur.

For the 1966 election, see John Patrick Diggins, Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History (New York, Norton, 2007); Alan Draper, “Labor and the 1966 Elections,” Labor History 30 (Winter 1989): 76–92.

Chapter 9: Apocalypse Now

For the events surrounding the dedication of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, see contemporary coverage in the Washington Post; United Press International; Associated Press; Facts on File World News Digest.

For the Vietnam War in general, see U.S. Department of Defense, The Pentagon Papers: The Defense Department History of United States Decisionmaking on Vietnam, Senator Gravel Edition, vols. 1–5 (Boston: Beacon Press, 1971–72); George C. Herring, America’s Longest War: The United States and Vietnam, 1950–1975, 4th ed. (Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2002); James Pickney Harrison, The Endless War: Fifty Years of Struggle in Vietnam (New York: Free Press, 1982); Gabriel Kolko, Anatomy of a War: Vietnam, the United States, and the Modern Historical Experience (New York: Pantheon, 1985); Loren Baritz, Backfire: A History of How American Culture Led Us into Vietnam and Made Us Fight the Way We Did (New York: William Morrow, 1985); James William Gibson, The Perfect War: Technowar in Vietnam (Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1986); Neil Sheehan, A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam (New York: Random House, 1988); Tom Mangold and John Penycate, The Tunnels of Cu Chi (New York: Random House, 1985); Michael Herr, Dispatches (New York: Knopf, 1977); David Harris, Our War: What We Did in Vietnam and What It Did to Us (New York: Crown, 1996); Robert S. McNamara, James G. Blight, and Robert K. Brigham, Argument Without End: In Search of Answers to the Vietnam Tragedy (New York: PublicAffairs, 1999); Daniel Ellsberg, Secrets: A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers (New York: Viking, 2002); U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, vol. 27, Mainland Southeast Asia; Regional Affairs (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2000).

For shipping to Vietnam, see Marc Levinson, The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006).

For the makeup of the American armed services in Vietnam, see Lawrence M. Baskir and William A. Strauss, Chance and Circumstance: The Draft, the War, and the Vietnam Generation (New York: Knopf, 1978); Christian G. Appy, Working-Class War: American Combat Soldiers and Vietnam (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993).

For the press and Vietnam, see David Halberstam, The Making of a Quagmire (New York: Random House, 1965); William Prochnau, Once Upon a Distant War (New York: Times Books, 1995).

For the Supreme Court and Vietnam, see Michal R. Belknap, “The Warren Court and the Vietnam War: The Limits of Legal Liberalism,” Georgia Law Review 33 (Fall 1998): 65–154.

For the antiwar movement, see Thomas Powers, Vietnam: The War at Home; Vietnam and the American People, 1964–1968 (New York: Grossman, 1973); Melvin Small, Johnson, Nixon, and the Doves (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1988); Melvin Small, Antiwarriors: The Vietnam War and the Battle for America’s Hearts and Minds (Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2002); Michael S. Foley, Confronting the War Machine: Draft Resistance During the Vietnam War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003); Richard Lee Howell, “Harvard University and the Indochina War: From the Takeover of University Hall in the Spring of 1969 Through the Aftermath of the Invasion of Cambodia and the Kent State Killings in the Spring of 1970” (PhD dissertation, Michigan State University, 1987).

For CIA and FBI involvement with domestic political groups, see Frances Stoner Saunders, The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World of Arts and Letters (New York: New Press, 2000); J. Angus Johnston, “The United States National Student Association: Democracy, Activism, and the Idea of the Student, 1947–1978” (PhD dissertation, City University of New York, 2009); David Cunningham, There’s Something Happening Here: The New Left, the Klan, and FBI Counterintelligence (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004).

For the Supreme Court, see Lucas A. Powe Jr., The Warren Court and American Politics (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000); Peter Wallenstein, Tell the Court I Love My Wife: Race, Marriage, and the Law—an American History (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002).

For crime, riots, and law and order, see Bruce J. Cohen, ed., Crime in America: Perspectives on Criminal and Delinquent Behavior (Itasca, IL: F. E. Peacock, 1970); President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice, The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society: A Report (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1967); Michael W. Flamm, “The Politics of ‘Law and Order,’” in The Conservative Sixties, ed. David Farber and Jeff Roche (New York: Peter Lang, 2003); National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders (New York: Bantam, 1968).

For the economic impact of the Vietnam War, see Michael Edelstein, “War and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century,” in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, The Twentieth Century, ed. Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000); Robert M. Collins, “The Economic Crisis of 1968 and the Waning of the ‘American Century,’” American Historical Review 101 (April 1996): 396–422; Julian E. Zelizer, Taxing America: Wilbur D. Mills, Congress, and the State, 1945–1975 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).

For the Dump Johnson movement, see William H. Chafe, Never Stop Running: Allard Lowenstein and the Struggle to Save American Liberalism (New York: Basic Books, 1993); Penetration Research Inc., “A Survey of the Political Climate in Wisconsin–March 1, 1968” (Larry Berman Collection, Vietnam Archive, Texas Tech University).

For Black Power, see Stokely Carmichael and Charles Hamilton, Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America (New York: Random House, 1967); Peniel E. Joseph, Waiting ’Til the Midnight Hour: A Narrative History of Black Power in America (New York: Henry Holt, 2006).

For riots after King’s death, see Irving Bernstein, Guns or Butter: The Presidency of Lyndon Johnson (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996); Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor, American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley: His Battle for Chicago and the Nation (Boston: Little, Brown, 2000); Theo Lippman Jr., Spiro Agnew’s America (New York: Norton, 1972).

For student protest internationally, see Ronald Fraser, ed., 1968: A Student Generation in Revolt (New York: Pantheon, 1988); Mark Kurlansky, 1968: The Year That Rocked the World (New York: Ballantine, 2004); George Katsiaficas, The Imagination of the New Left: A Global Analysis of 1968 (Boston: South End Press, 1987).

For the ideological underpinnings of the 1968 election, see Garry Wills, Nixon Agonistes: The Crisis of the Self-Made Man (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1970); Dan T. Carter, The Politics of Rage: George Wallace, the Origins of the New Conservatism, and the Transformation of American Politics (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995); William H. Chafe, The Unfinished Journey: America Since World War II, 5th ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002).

Chapter 10: Sixties to Seventies, Dreams to Nightmares

For civil rights struggles after 1968, see Cass R. Sunstein, “What the Civil Rights Movement Was and Wasn’t,” and Anita Lafrance Allen, “The Half-Life of Integration,” in Reassessing the Sixties: Debating the Political and Cultural Legacy, ed. Stephen Macedo (New York: Norton, 1997); James T. Patterson, Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001); Dean J. Kotlowski, Nixon’s Civil Rights: Politics, Principle, and Policy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001); Jerome C. Hafter and Peter M. Hoffman, “Segregation Academies and State Action,” Yale Law Journal 82 (June 1973): 1436–61; J. Anthony Lukas, Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families (New York: Knopf, 1985); Ronald P. Formisano, Boston Against Busing: Race, Class, and Ethnicity in the 1960s and 1970s (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991); Jerald E. Podair, The Strike That Changed New York: Blacks, Whites, and the Ocean Hill–Brownsville Crisis (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002).

For Black Power movements, see Peniel E. Joseph, Waiting ’Til the Midnight Hour: A Narrative History of Black Power in America (New York: Henry Holt, 2006); Jeanne Theoharis and Komozi Woodard, eds., Freedom North: Black Freedom Struggles Outside the South, 1940–1980 (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003); Bobby Seale, Seize the Time: The Story of the Black Panther Party and Huey P. Newton (New York: Random House, 1970); Elaine Brown, A Taste of Power: A Black Woman’s Story (New York: Pantheon, 1992).

For African American officeholding, see David R. Colburn and Jeffrey S. Adler, eds., African-American Mayors: Race, Politics, and the American City (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2001); Clyde Woods, Development Arrested: The Blues and Plantation Power in the Mississippi Delta (London: Verso, 1998); Adolph Reed Jr., Stirrings in the Jug: Black Politics in the Post-Segregation Era (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999).

For Mexican American activism, see Cletus E. Daniel, “Cesar Chavez and the Unionization of California Farm Workers,” in Labor Leaders in America, ed. Melvyn Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987); Lorena Oropeza, ¡Raza Sí! ¡Guerra No!: Chicano Protest and Patriotism During the Viet Nam War Era (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005).

For the Young Lords, see Johanna L. del C. Fernandez, “Radicals in the Late 1960s: A History of the Young Lords Party in New York City, 1969–1974” (PhD dissertation, Columbia University, 2004); Miguel Melendez, We Took the Streets: Fighting for Latino Rights with the Young Lords (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2003).

For the women’s movement, see Jo Freeman, The Politics of Women’s Liberation: A Case Study of an Emerging Social Movement and Its Relation to the Policy Process (New York: McKay, 1975); Sara Evans, Personal Politics: The Roots of Women’s Liberation in the Civil Rights Movement and the New Left (New York: Knopf, 1979); Alice Echols, Daring to be Bad: Radical Feminism in America, 1967–1975 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1989); Ruth Rosen, The World Split Open: How the Modern Women’s Movement Changed America (New York: Viking, 2000); Kathleen M. Barry, Femininity in Flight: A History of Flight Attendants (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2007); Carol Giardina, Freedom for Women: Forging the Women’s Liberation Movement, 1953–1970 (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2010); Robin Morgan, ed., Sisterhood Is Powerful: An Anthology of Writings from the Women’s Liberation Movement (New York: Random House, 1970); Rosalyn Baxandall and Linda Gordon, eds., Dear Sisters: Dispatches from the Women’s Liberation Movement (New York: Basic Books, 2000); Rosalind Rosenberg, Divided Lives: American Women in the Twentieth Century (New York: Hill & Wang, 1992).

For the gay movement, see Martin Duberman, Stonewall (New York: Plume, 1993); Marcia Gallo, Different Daughters: A History of the Daughters of Bilitis and the Rise of the Lesbian Rights Movement (New York: Carroll & Graf, 2006); Jeff Kisseloff, Generation on Fire: Voices of Protest from the 1960s: An Oral History (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2007).

For rights consciousness, see Michael Schudson, The Good Citizen: A History of American Civil Life (New York: Free Press, 1998); Martha Minow, “Whatever Happened to Children’s Rights?,” in Reassessing the Sixties, ed. Macedo; Kevin M. Krause, White Flight: Atlanta and the Making of Modern Conservatism (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005); Eric Foner, The Story of American Freedom (New York: Norton, 1998).

For welfare reform, see James T. Patterson, America’s Struggle Against Poverty, 1900–1985 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1986); Premilla Nadasen, Welfare Warriors: The Welfare Rights Movement in the United States (New York: Routledge, 2005).

For OSHA, see Thomas O. McGarity and Sidney A. Shapiro, Workers at Risk: The Failed Promise of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1993); Les Leopold, The Man Who Hated Work and Loved Labor: The Life and Times of Tony Mazzocchi (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2007); Nelson Lichtenstein, State of the Union: A Century of American Labor (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002).

For workplace discrimination, see Nancy MacLean, Freedom Is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2006); Judith Stein, Running Steel, Running America: Race, Economic Policy, and the Decline of Liberalism (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998); David H. Golland, Constructing Affirmative Action: The Struggle for Equal Employment Opportunity (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2011).

For bilingual education, see Gareth Davies, “The Great Society After Johnson: The Case of Bilingual Education,” Journal of American History 88 (March 2002): 1405–29.

For international economic issues, see Judith Stein, Pivotal Decade: How the United States Traded Factories for Finance in the Seventies (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010); Allen J. Matusow, Nixon’s Economy: Booms, Busts, Dollars, and Votes (Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1998).

For Nixon’s foreign policy, see Joan Hoff, Nixon Reconsidered (New York: Basic Books, 1994); Jeremi Suri, Henry Kissinger and the American Century (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007); Jeffrey Kimball, Nixon’s Vietnam War (Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1998); Larry Berman, No Peace, No Honor: Nixon, Kissinger, and Betrayal in Vietnam (New York: Free Press, 2001).

For antiwar protest, see George Katsiaficas, The Imagination of the New Left: A Global Analysis of 1968 (Boston: South End, 1987); Rick Perlstein, Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America (New York: Scribner, 2008); Rusty L. Monhollon, “This Is America?”: The Sixties in Lawrence, Kansas (New York: Palgrave Macmilla, 2002).

For labor, see Kim Moody, An Injury to All: The Decline of American Unionism (London: Verso, 1988); Work in America: Report of a Special Task Force to the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1973); Edmund F. Wehrle, Between a River and a Mountain: The AFL-CIO and the Vietnam War (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2005).

Chapter 11: The End of the American Century

For Watergate, see Stanley I. Kutler, The Wars of Watergate: The Last Crisis of Richard Nixon (New York: Knopf, 1990); John W. Dean, Blind Ambition: The White House Years (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1976); Jeb Stuart Magruder, An American Life: One Man’s Road to Watergate (New York: Atheneum, 1974); H. R. Haldeman, The Haldeman Diaries: Inside the Nixon White House (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1994); Katharine Graham, Personal History (New York: Knopf, 1997); Bob Woodward, The Secret Man: The Story of Watergate’s Deep Throat (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005); Richard M. Nixon, In the Arena: A Memoir of Victory, Defeat, and Renewal (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990).

For the FBI harassment of Martin Luther King Jr., see David J. Garrow, The FBI and Martin Luther King, Jr.: From “Solo” to Memphis (New York: Norton, 1981).

For postwar Vietnam, see Gabriel Kolko, Vietnam: Anatomy of a Peace (London: Routledge, 1997).

Chapter 12: The Landscape of Decline

For the landscape, see Thomas R. Vale and Geraldine R. Vale, U.S. 40 Today: Thirty Years of Landscape Change in America (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983); U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, U.S. Forest Facts and Historical Trends (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 2001).

For the Rust Belt, see Joel Garreau, The Nine Nations of North America (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1981); Joshua B. Freeman, “Seeing It Through: New York in the 1970s,” in New York 400, ed. John Thorn (Philadelphia: Running Press, 2009); Alfred Kazin, Alfred Kazin’s Journals, selected and edited by Richard M. Cook (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2011); John T. Cumbler, A Social History of Economic Decline: Business, Politics, and Work in Trenton (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1989); Russell F. Weigley, ed., Philadelphia: A 300-Year History (New York: Norton, 1982); Jon C. Teaford, Cities of the Heartland: The Rise and Fall of the Industrial Midwest (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994); Margaret Pugh O’Mara, “Uncovering the City in the Suburb: Cold War Politics, Scientific Elites, and High-Tech Spaces,” in The New Suburban History, ed. Kevin M. Kruse and Thomas J. Sugrue (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006); Paul R. Josephson, Motorized Obsessions: Life, Liberty, and the Small-Bore Engine (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007).

For the Sun Belt, see Bruce Schulman, The Seventies: The Great Shift in American Culture, Society, and Politics (Cambridge, MA: Da Capo, 2001); Kirkpatrick Sale, Power Shift: The Rise of the Southern Rim and Its Challenge to the Eastern Establishment (New York: Random House, 1975); Richard M. Bernard and Bradley R. Rice, eds., Sunbelt Cities: Politics and Growth Since World War II (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1983); Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison, The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closing, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry (New York: Basic Books, 1982); Chad Berry, Southern Migrants, Northern Exiles (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2000).

For cultural developments, see Craig Werner, A Change Is Gonna Come: Music, Race, and the Soul of America (New York: Penguin, 1999); Edward Berkowitz, Something Happened: A Political and Cultural Overview of the Seventies (New York: Columbia University Press, 2006); Philip Jenkins, Decade of Nightmares: The End of the Sixties and the Making of Eighties America (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006); George Leonard and Robert Leonard, “Sha Na Na and the Woodstock Generation,” Columbia College Today (Spring–Summer 1989): 28–31; Tom Wolfe, Mauve Gloves and Madmen, Clutter and Vine (New York: Macmillan, 1976); David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity (Cambridge, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 1990); Lester C. Thurow, The Zero-Sum Society: Distribution and the Possibilities for Economic Change (New York: Penguin, 1980).

For college life, see Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz, Campus Life: Undergraduate Cultures from the End of the Eighteenth Century to the Present (New York: Knopf, 1987); Bethany E. Moreton, “Make Payroll, Not War: Business Culture as Youth Culture,” in Rightward Bound: Making America Conservative in the 1970s, ed. Bruce J. Schulman and Julian E. Zelizer (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008).

For physical fitness, see the President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, “History of the President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports (1956–2006),” http://www.fitness.gov/50thanniversary/toolkit-firstfiftyyears.htm.

For religion and spirituality, see Mark Oppenheimer, Knocking on Heaven’s Door: American Religion in the Age of Counterculture (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003); Leo Calvin Rosten, ed., Religions of America: Ferment and Faith in an Age of Crisis; A New Guide and Almanac (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1975); Paul Boyer, “The Evangelical Resurgence in 1970s American Protestantism,” in Rightward Bound, ed. Schulman and Zelizer; Mark Oppenheimer, “The Sixties’ Surprising Legacy: Changing Our Notions of the Possible,” Chronicle of Higher Education 50 (October 3, 2003): B11–B12.

For the ethnic revival, see Matthew Frye Jacobson, “Hyphen Nation: Ethnicity in American Intellectual and Political Life,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Jean-Christophe Agnew and Roy Rosenzweig (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2002); Kenneth D. Durr, Behind the Backlash: White Working-Class Politics in Baltimore, 1940–1980 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003); Donna R. Gabaccia, We Are What We Eat: Ethnic Food and the Making of Americans (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998).

Chapter 13: The Politics of Stagnation

For changes in Congress and partisan politics, see Julian E. Zelizer, Taxing America: Wilbur D. Mills, Congress, and the State, 1945–1975 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998); Edward Berkowitz, Something Happened: A Political and Cultural Overview of the Seventies (New York: Columbia University Press, 2006); Benjamin Ginsberg and Martin Shefter, Politics by Other Means: The Declining Importance of Elections in America (New York: Basic Books, 1990); H. W. Brands, The Strange Death of American Liberalism (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001).

For Gerald Ford and the Ford administration, see Yanek Mieczkowski, Gerald Ford and the Challenges of the 1970s (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2005).

For CETA, see Grace A. Franklin and Randall B. Ripley, CETA: Politics and Policy, 1973–1982 (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1984); William Mirengoff, Lester Rindler et al., CETA: Accomplishments, Problems, Solutions: A Report by the Bureau of Social Science Research, Inc. (Kalamazoo, MI: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 1982).

For the demise of détente, see James Mann, The Rise of the Vulcans: The History of Bush’s War Cabinet (New York: Viking, 2004); Robert D. Schulzinger, “The Decline of Détente,” in Gerald R. Ford and the Politics of Post-Watergate America, ed. Bernard J. Fireston and Alexej Ugrinsky (Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1993).

On neoconservatives and foreign policy, see John Ehrman, The Rise of Neoconservatism: Intellectuals and Foreign Affairs, 1945–1994 (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1995); Andrew J. Bacevich, The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005).

For Carter’s economic policy, see Anthony S. Campagna, Economic Policy in the Carter Administration (Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1995); W. Carl Biven, Jimmy Carter’s Economy: Policy in an Age of Limits (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002); Melvyn Dubofsky, “Jimmy Carter and the End of the Politics of Productivity,” in The Carter Presidency: Policy Choices in the Post–New Deal Era, ed. Gary M. Fink and Hugh Davis Graham (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1998); Judith Stein, Pivotal Decade: How the United States Traded Factories for Finance in the Seventies (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010); William Greider, Secrets of the Temple: How the Federal Reserve Runs the Country (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989).

For energy policy, see John C. Barrow, “An Age of Limits: Jimmy Carter and the Quest for a National Energy Policy,” in Carter Presidency, ed. Fink and Graham; Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991).

For Carter’s foreign policy, see William Stueck, “Placing Jimmy Carter’s Foreign Policy,” in Carter Presidency, ed. Fink and Graham; Stephen E. Ambrose and Douglas G. Brinkley, Rise to Globalism: American Foreign Policy Since 1938, 8th revised ed. (New York: Penguin, 1997).

For the urban fiscal crisis, see Joshua B. Freeman, Working-Class New York: Life and Labor Since World War II (New York: New Press, 2000); William E. Simon, A Time for Truth (New York: Berkley, 1978); Todd Swanstrom, The Crisis of Growth Politics: Cleveland, Kucinich, and the Challenge of Urban Populism (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1985).

For Proposition 13 and the tax revolt, see Clarence Y. H. Lo, Small Property Versus Big Government: Social Origins of the Property Tax Revolt (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990); Paul Peretz, “There Was No Tax Revolt!,” Politics and Society 11 (June 1982): 231–49; Mike Davis, City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles (London: Verso, 1990); Robert O. Self, “Prelude to the Tax Revolt: The Politics of the ‘Tax Dollar’ in Postwar California,” in The New Suburban History, ed. Kevin M. Kruse and Thomas J. Sugrue (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006); Daniel A. Smith, “Howard Jarvis, Populist Entrepreneur: Reevaluating the Causes of Proposition 13,” Social Science History 23 (Summer 1999): 173–210; David Lowery, “After the Tax Revolt: Some Positive, If Unintended, Consequences,” Social Science Quarterly 67 (December 1986): 736–50.

For crime and punishment, see David Levinson, ed., Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2002); Marie Gottschalk, The Prison and the Gallows: The Politics of Mass Incarceration in America (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006); Sasha Abramsky, American Furies: Crime, Punishment, and Vengeance in the Age of Mass Imprisonment (Boston: Beacon, 2007); David Garland, “Capital Punishment and American Culture,” Punishment & Society 7 (October 2005): 347–76.

For ERA, abortion, and gay rights, see Philip Jenkins, Decade of Nightmares: The End of the Sixties and the Making of Eighties America (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006); Matthew D. Lassiter, “Inventing Family Values,” in Rightward Bound: Making America Conservative in the 1970s, ed. Bruce J. Schulman and Julian E. Zelizer (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008); Kristin Luker, Abortion and the Politics of Motherhood (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984); Fred Fejes, Gay Rights and Moral Panic: The Origins of America’s Debate on Homosexuality (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).

Chapter 14: The Corporate Revolution

For economic decline in general, see Robert Brenner, The Boom and the Bubble (London: Verso, 2002); Michael A. Bernstein and David E. Adler, eds., Understanding American Economic Decline (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994).

For the steel industry, see David Bensman and Roberta Lynch, Rusted Dreams: Hard Times in a Steel Community (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987); Mark Reutter, Making Steel: Sparrows Point and the Rise and Ruin of American Industrial Might (New York, Simon & Schuster, 1988); William Serrin, Homestead: The Glory and Tragedy of an American Steel Town (New York: Times Books, 1992); Milton Rogovin and Michael Frisch, Portraits in Steel (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1993).

For the automobile industry, see Steve Babson, Working Detroit: The Making of a Union Town (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1984); Ruth Milkman, Farewell to the Factory: Auto Workers in the Late Twentieth Century (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997); Dana Frank, Buy American: The Untold Story of Economic Nationalism (Boston: Beacon, 1999).

For the impact of factory closings, see Jon C. Teaford, Cities of the Heartland: The Rise and Fall of the Industrial Midwest (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993); Becky Nicolaides, My Blue Heaven: Life and Politics in the Working-Class Suburbs of Los Angeles, 1920–1965 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007); Michael K. Honey, Going Down Jericho Road: The Memphis Strike, Martin Luther King’s Last Campaign (New York: Norton, 2007).

For the decline of union power, wages, and benefits, see Kim Moody, An Injury to All: The Decline of American Unionism (London: Verso, 1988); Lawrence Mishel, Jared Bernstein, and John Schmitt, The State of Working America, 2000/2001 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001).

For the reorganization of production, see Steve Babson, ed., Lean Work: Empowerment and Exploitation in the Global Auto Industry (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1995); Richard Feldman and Michael Betzold, eds., End of the Line: Autoworkers and the American Dream; An Oral History (New York: Illini Books, 1988).

For corporate reorganization and financialization, see David M. Gordon, Fat and Mean: The Corporate Squeeze of Working Americans and the Myth of Managerial “Downsizing” (New York: Free Press, 1996); Alfred D. Chandler Jr., “Corporate Strategy and Structure: Some Current Considerations,” Society 28 (March–April 1991): 35–38; Mary Zey and Brande Camp, “The Transformation from Multidivisional Form to Corporate Groups of Subsidiaries in the 1980s,” Sociological Quarterly 37 (Spring 1996): 327–51; Mary Zey and Tami Swenson, “The Transformation and Survival of Fortune 500 Industrial Corporations Through Mergers and Acquisitions, 1981–1995,” Sociological Quarterly 42 (Summer 2001): 461–86; Steve Fraser, Every Man a Speculator: A History of Wall Street in American Life (New York: HarperCollins, 2005).

For the political mobilization of business, see David Vogel, Fluctuating Fortunes: The Political Power of Business in America (New York: Beard Books, 1989); John Judis, The Paradox of American Democracy: Elites, Special Interests, and the Betrayal of Public Trust (New York: Pantheon, 2000).

For labor law reform efforts, see Joseph A. McCartin, “Turnabout Years: Public Sector Unionism and the Fiscal Crisis,” in Rightward Bound: Making America Conservative in the 1970s, ed. Bruce J. Schulman and Julian E. Zelizer (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008); Marc Linder, Wars of Attrition: Vietnam, the Business Roundtable, and the Decline of Construction Unions (Iowa City: Fanpihua Press, 1999).

For diminished regulation, see Thomas O. McGarity and Sidney A. Shapiro, Workers at Risk: The Failed Promise of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Westort, CT: Praeger, 1993); Eugene N. White, “Banking and Finance in the Twentieth Century,” and Richard H. K. Vietor, “Government Regulation of Business,” in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, The Twentieth Century, ed. Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000).

For meatpacking, see Wilson J. Warren, Tied to the Great Packing Machine: The Midwest and Meatpacking (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2007); Charles R. Perry and Delwyn H. Kegley, Disintegration and Change: Labor Relations in the Meat Packing Industry (Philadelphia: Industrial Research Unit, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, 1989); Deborah Fink, Cutting into the Meatpacking Line: Workers and Change in the Rural Midwest (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998); Roger Horowitz, “Negro and White United and Fight!”: A Social History of Industrial Unionism in Meatpacking, 1930–90 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997); Peter Rachleff, Hard-Pressed in the Heartland: The Hormel Strike and the Future of the Labor Movement (Boston: South End Press, 1993).

For the computer industry, see Paul E. Ceruzzi, A History of Modern Computing, 2nd ed. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003); Steven Levy, Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (Garden City, NY: Anchor/Doubleday, 1984); John Markoff, What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer Industry (New York: Viking, 2005); Sanford M. Jacoby, Modern Manors: Welfare Capitalism Since the New Deal (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997); Eden Medina, “Computers,” in Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-Class History, vol. 1, ed. Eric Arnesen (New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis, 2007).

For the retail industry, see Nelson Lichtenstein, ed., Wal-Mart: The Face of Twenty-First-Century Capitalism (New York: New Press, 2006); Sandra S. Vance and Roy V. Scott, Wal-Mart: A History of Sam Walton’s Retail Phenomenon (New York: Twayne, 1994); Charles Fishman, The Wal-Mart Effect: How the World’s Most Powerful Company Really Works—and How It’s Transforming the American Economy (New York: Penguin Press, 2006).

Chapter 15: The Reagan Revolution

For Reagan’s political and personal outlook, see John Patrick Diggins, Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History (New York: Norton, 2007); Randall Balmer, God in the White House: A History; How Faith Shaped the Presidency from John F. Kennedy to George W. Bush (New York: HarperCollins, 2008); Lou Cannon, President Reagan: The Role of a Lifetime (New York: PublicAffairs, 2000); Thomas W. Evans, The Education of Ronald Reagan: The General Electric Years and the Untold Story of His Conversion to Conservatism (New York: Columbia University Press, 2006).

For the intellectual and cultural tone of Reaganism, see Haynes Johnson, Sleepwalking Through History: America in the Reagan Years (New York: Norton, 1991); Nicolaus Mills, ed., Culture in an Age of Money: The Legacy of the 1980s in America (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1990); William A. Henry III, Visions of America: How We Saw the 1984 Election (Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1985).

For economic policy, tax cuts, and the budget, see David M. Gordon, Thomas E. Weisskopf, and Samuel Bowles, “Right-Wing Economics in the 1980s: The Anatomy of a Failure,” in Understanding American Economic Decline, ed. Michael A. Bernstein and David E. Adler (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994); David Alan Stockman, The Triumph of Politics: How the Reagan Revolution Failed (New York: Harper & Row, 1986); Iwan W. Morgan, Deficit Government: Taxing and Spending in Modern America (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1995).

For military spending, see Benjamin Ginsberg and Martin Shefter, Politics by Other Means: The Declining Importance of Elections in America (New York: Basic Books, 1990); Michael Edelstein, “War and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century,” in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, vol. 3, The Twentieth Century, ed. Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000).

For environmental policy, see Philip Shabecoff, A Fierce Green Fire: The American Environmental Movement, revised ed. (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2003); J. R. McNeill, Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World (New York: Norton, 2000).

For labor, see Steve Babson, The Unfinished Struggle: Turning Points in American Labor, 1877–Present (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1999); Jonathan D. Rosenblum, Copper Crucible: How the Arizona Miners’ Strike of 1983 Recast Labor-Management Relations in America (Ithaca, NY: ILR Press, 1995); John Logan, “Permanent Replacements and the End of Labor’s ‘Only True Weapon,’” International Labor and Working-Class History 74 (2008): 171–92.

For financial industry corruption and its cultural effect, see Robert M. Collins, Transforming America: Politics and Culture in the Reagan Years (New York: Columbia University Press, 2007); Steve Fraser, Every Man a Speculator: A History of Wall Street in American Life (New York: HarperCollins, 2005).

For income inequality, see Thomas Byrne Edsall, with Mary D. Edsall, Chain Reaction: The Impact of Race, Rights, and Taxes on American Politics (New York: Norton, 1991); Kevin Phillips, The Politics of Rich and Poor: Wealth and the American Electorate in the Reagan Aftermath (New York: Random House, 1990).

For AIDS policy, see Randy Shilts, And the Band Played On: Politics, People, and the AIDS Epidemic (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1987); Jennifer Brier, Infectious Ideas: U.S. Political Responses to the AIDS Crisis (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009).

Chapter 16: Cold War Redux

For Afghanistan, see Zbigniew Brzezinski, Power and Principle: Memoirs of the National Security Adviser, 1977–1981 (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1983); Steve Coll, Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (New York: Penguin, 2004).

For Reagan and the Soviet Union, see David S. Painter and Thomas S. Blanton, “The End of the Cold War,” in A Companion to Post-1945 America, ed. Jean-Christophe Agnew and Roy Rosenzweig (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006); Richard Reeves, President Reagan: The Triumph of Imagination (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005); James Mann, The Rebellion of Ronald Reagan: A History of the End of the Cold War (New York: Viking, 2009): Melvyn Leffler, For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union, and the Cold War (New York: Hill & Wang, 2007).

For Central America policy, see Greg Grandin, Empire’s Workshop: Latin America, the United States, and the Rise of the New Imperialism (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2006); Jeane Kirkpatrick, “Dictatorships and Double Standards,” Commentary 68 (February 1979): 34–45.

For Lebanon and Grenada, see Peter Huchthausen, America’s Splendid Little Wars: A Short History of U.S. Engagement from the Fall of Saigon to Baghdad (New York: Penguin, 2003); Mike Davis, Buda’s Wagon: A Brief History of the Car Bomb (London: Verso, 2007).

For Iran-Contra, see Jane Mayer and Doyle McManus, Landslide: The Unmaking of the President, 1984–1988 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988).

For the end of the Cold War in Europe, see Tony Judt, Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945 (New York: Penguin, 2005).

Chapter 17: “I’m Running Out of Demons”

For the cultural and ideological aftermath of the Cold War, see Tom Engelhardt, The End of Victory Culture: Cold War America and the Disillusioning of a Generation (New York: Basic Books, 1995); Francis Fukuyama, “The End of History?,” National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3–18; John Williamson, “A Short History of the Washington Consensus,” in The Washington Consensus Reconsidered: Toward a New Global Governance, ed. Narcis Serra and Joseph E. Stiglitz (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008).

For Bush’s election and administration, see Michael Duffy and Dan Goodgame, Marching in Place: The Status Quo Presidency of George Bush (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992); Michael Schaller, Right Turn: American Life in the Reagan-Bush Era, 1980–1992 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007); Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle, epilogue to The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930–1980 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989); John Robert Greene, The Presidency of George Bush (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2000).

For the Gulf War and renewed militarism, see Andew J. Bacevich, The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005); Thomas M. Magstadt, An Empire If You Can Keep It: Power and Principle in American Foreign Policy (Washington, DC: CQ Press, 2004); James Mann, The Rise of the Vulcans: The History of Bush’s War Cabinet (New York: Viking, 2004).

Chapter 18: Triangulation

For Bill Clinton and the Clinton administration, see Bill Clinton, My Life (New York: Random House, 2004); James T. Patterson, Restless Giant: The United States from Watergate to Bush v. Gore (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005); Peter B. Levy, Encyclopedia of the Clinton Presidency (Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2002); Bob Woodward, The Agenda: Inside the Clinton White House (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994); Christopher Hitchens, No One Left to Lie To: The Triangulations of William Jefferson Clinton (London: Verso, 1999).

For health-care reform, see Theda Skocpol, Boomerang: Health Care Reform and the Turn Against Government (New York: Norton, 1996); Colin Gordon, Dead on Arrival: The Politics of Health Care in Twentieth-Century America (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003).

For Newt Gingrich and other conservative opponents of Clinton, see Todd Gitlin, afterword to Reassessing the Sixties: Debating the Political and Cultural Legacy, ed. Stephen Macedo (New York: Norton, 1997); David Remnick, “Lost in Space,” New Yorker 70 (December 5, 1994): 79–86; Newt Gingrich, To Renew America (New York: HarperCollins, 1995).

For welfare reform, see Jill Quadagno, “Social Security Policy and the Entitlement Debate: The New American Exceptionalism,” Frances Fox Piven, “Welfare and the Transformation of Electoral Politics,” and Ronald Walters, “The Democratic Party and the Politics of Welfare Reform,” in Social Policy and the Conservative Agenda, ed. Clarence Y. H. Lo and Michael Schwartz (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1998); James MacGregor Burns and Georgia J. Sorenson, Dead Center: Clinton-Gore Leadership and the Perils of Moderation (New York: Lisa Drew/Scribner, 1999).

For sex education, see Janice M. Irvine, Talk About Sex: The Battles over Sex Education in the United States (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002).

For immigration and immigrant rights, see Douglas S. Massey, Jorge Durand, and Nolan J. Malone, Beyond Smoke and Mirrors: Mexican Immigration in an Era of Economic Integration (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2002); Otis L. Graham Jr., Unguarded Gates: A History of America’s Immigration Crisis (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2004); Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., The Disuniting of America: Reflections on a Multicultural Society (New York: Norton, 1992).

For military spending and bases, see David E. Lockwood and George Siehl, Military Base Closures: A Historical Review from 1988 to 1995 (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 2004); Chalmers Johnson, The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic (New York: Henry Holt, 2004); Chalmers Johnson, Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire (New York: Henry Holt, 2000); William Greider, Fortress America: The American Military and the Consequences of Peace (New York: PublicAffairs, 1998).

For NATO expansion, see Peter Gowan, The Global Gamble: Washington’s Faustian Bid for World Dominance (London: Verso, 1999); Warren I. Cohen, America’s Failing Empire: U.S. Foreign Relations Since the Cold War (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005).

For Clinton international economic policy, see Greg Grandin, Empire’s Workshop: Latin America, the United States, and the Rise of the New Imperialism (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2006); Michael Lind, “Conservative Elites and the Counterrevolution Against the New Deal,” in Ruling America: A History of Wealth and Power in America, ed. Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005).

For humanitarian interventions and human rights, see Samuel Moyn, The Last Utopia: Human Rights in History (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010); David Rieff, At the Point of a Gun: Democratic Dreams and Armed Intervention (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005); Samantha Power, “A Problem from Hell”: America and the Age of Genocide (New York: HarperCollins, 2002).

For the economy, see Robert Brenner, The Boom and the Bubble (London: Verso, 2002); Steven Hipple, “Worker Displacement in an Expanding Economy,” Monthly Labor Review 120 (December 1997): 26–39; Louis Uchitelle, The Disposable American: Layoffs and Their Consequences (New York: Random House, 2006); Dennis Rodkin, “The Richest Chicagoans of All Time,” Chicago 55 (April 2006): 81–83.

For the union movement, see Kim Moody, U.S. Labor in Trouble and Transition: The Failure of Reform from Above, the Promise of Revival from Below (London: Verso, 2007); John J. Sweeney, America Needs a Raise: Fighting for Economic Security and Social Justice (Boston: Replica Books, 1996).

Chapter 19: Living Large

For population and immigration, see Herbert S. Klein, A Population History of the United States (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004); United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, International Migration 2002 (New York: United Nations, 2002); Reed Ueda, Postwar Immigrant America: A Social History (Boston: St. Martin’s, 1994); Ruth Milkman, L.A. Story: Immigrant Workers and the Future of the U.S. Labor Movement (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2006); Marc J. Perry and Paul J. Mackun, Population Change and Distribution, 1990 to 2000 (Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau, 2001).

For suburban growth, see Joel Garreau, Edge City: Life on the New Frontier (New York: Anchor, 1991); David Brooks, On Paradise Drive: How We Live Now (and Always Have) in the Future Tense (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004); Rosalyn Baxandall and Elizabeth Ewen, Picture Windows: How the Suburbs Happened (New York: Basic Books, 2000); Richard D. Alba et al., “Immigrant Groups in the Suburbs: A Reexamination of Suburbanization and Spatial Assimilation,” American Sociological Review 64 (June 1999): 446–60; Mike Davis, “The Inland Empire,” Nation 276 (April 7, 2003): 15–18; Elizabeth Blackmar, “Of REITS and Rights: Absentee Ownership in the Periphery,” in City, Country, Empire: Landscapes in Environmental History, ed. Jeffry M. Diefendorf and Kurk Dorsey (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2005).

For gated communities, see Setha Low, Behind the Gates: Life, Security and the Pursuit of Happiness in Fortress America (New York: Routledge, 2003); Edward J. Blakely and Mary Gail Snyder, Fortress America: Gated Communities in the United States (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 1997); Elena Vesselinov, “Members Only: Gated Communities and Residential Segregation in the Metropolitan United States,” Sociological Forum 23 (September 2008): 536–55.

For education spending, see State Higher Education Executive Officers, State Higher Education Finance, FY 2006 (Boulder, CO: State Higher Education Executive Officers, 2007).

For car usage and SUVs, see Tom Lewis, Divided Highways: Building the Interstate Highways, Transforming American Life (New York: Viking Penguin, 1997); Keith Bradsher, High and Mighty: SUVs—the World’s Most Dangerous Vehicles and How They Got That Way (New York: PublicAffairs, 2002).

For retailing, see James B. Twitchell, Living It Up: Our Love Affair with Luxury (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002); Naomi Klein, No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies (New York: Picador, 1999).

For body size and diet, see Cynthia L. Ogden, Cheryl D. Fryar, Margaret D. Carroll, and Katherine M. Flegal, “Mean Body Weight, Height, and Body Mass Index, United States 1960–2002,” Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics No. 347 (Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2004); Greg Critser, Fat Land: How Americans Became the Fattest People in the World (Boston: First Mariner Books, 2003); Harriet B. Pesser, “Toward a 24-Hour Economy,” Science 284 (June 11, 1999): 1778–79.

For the environmental impact of living large, see Ted Steinberg, “Lawn and Landscape in World Context, 1945–2000,” OAH Magazine of History 19 (November 2005): 62–68; Victoria D. Markham, with Nadia Steinzor, U.S. National Report on Population and the Environment (New Canaan, CT: Center for Environment and Population, 2006).

For population control, see Matthew Connelly, Fatal Misconception: The Struggle to Control World Population (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008); Paul R. and Anne H. Ehrlich, “The Most Overpopulated Nation,” in Lindsey Grant, ed., Elephants in the Volkswagen: Facing Tough Questions About Our Overcrowded Country (New York: W. H. Freeman, 1992); United States Commission on Population Growth and the American Future, Population and the American Future (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1972).

Epilogue: America After 9/11

For al Qaeda, the 9/11 attacks, and their aftermath, see National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2004); John W. Dower, Cultures of War: Pearl Harbor/ Hiroshima/9-11/Iraq (New York: Norton/New Press, 2010); Peter L. Bergen, The Longest War: The Enduring Conflict Between America and al-Qaeda (New York: Free Press, 2011); Christian Parenti, The Soft Cage: Surveillance in America from Slave Passes to the War on Terror (New York: Basic Books, 2003).

For the Iraq War, see Bob Woodward, Plan of Attack (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004); George Packer, The Assassin’s Gate: America in Iraq (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2005); Craig Unger, The Fall of the House of Bush (New York: Scribner, 2007); Seymour M. Hersh, Chain of Command: The Road from 9/11 to Abu Ghraib (New York: HarperCollins, 2004); Rajiv Chandrasekaran, Imperial Life in the Emerald City: Inside Iraq’s Green Zone (New York: Knopf, 2007); Michael R. Gordon and Bernard E. Trainor, Cobra II: The Inside Story of the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq (New York: Pantheon, 2006); Special Inspector General, Iraq Reconstruction, Hard Lessons: The Iraq Reconstruction Experience (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2009).

For the Bush administration, see James Mann, The Rise of the Vulcans: The History of Bush’s War Cabinet (New York: Viking, 2004); Barton Gellman, Angler: The Cheney Vice Presidency (New York: Penguin, 2008); Julian E. Zelizer, ed., The Presidency of George W. Bush: A First Historical Assessment (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010); Robert Draper, Dead Certain: The Presidency of George W. Bush (New York: Free Press, 2007); Frank Rich, The Greatest Story Ever Sold: The Decline and Fall of Truth from 9/11 to Katrina (New York: Penguin, 2006); Jed Horne, Breach of Faith: Hurricane Katrina and the Near Death of a Great American City (New York: Random House, 2006).

For the economy, see Dean Baker, Plunder and Blunder: The Rise and Fall of the Bubble Economy (Sausalito, CA: PoliPoint Press, 2009); Robert Brenner, “What Is Good for Goldman Sachs Is Good for America: The Origins of the Current Crisis,” Center for Social Theory and Comparative History, UCLA, April 18, 2009; Menzie D. Chinn and Jeffry A. Frieden, Lost Decades: The Making of America’s Debt Crisis and the Long Recovery (New York: Norton, 2011).