ABBREVIATIONS

A&E

accident and emergency

ABPI

ankle brachial pressure index

ACE

angiotensin-converting enzyme

ACR

albumin creatinine ratio

ACTH

adrenocorticotrophic hormone

ADH

antidiuretic hormone

AF

atrial fibrillation

AFP

α fetoprotein

ALT

alanine-amino transferase

ANUG

acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis

ARC

AIDS-related complex

ASO

antistreptolysin

AST

aspartate-amino transferase

BCC

basal cell carcinoma

BNP

B type natriuretic peptide

BP

blood pressure

BPH

benign prostatic hypertrophy

BTB

breakthrough bleeding

BV

bacterial vaginosis

BXO

balanitis xerotica obliterans

CA-125

cancer antigen 125

CCF

congestive cardiac failure

CKD

chronic kidney disease

CNS

central nervous system

COPD

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CPK

creatine phosphokinase

CREST

calcinosis/Raynaud’s phenomenon/oesophagealdysmotility/sclerodactyly/telangiectasia

CRF

chronic renal failure

CRP

C-reactive protein

CSF

cerebrospinal fluid

CT

carpal tunnel

CT

computed tomography

CVA

cerebrovascular accident

CXR

chest X-ray

D&C

dilatation and curettage

DIC

disseminated intravascular coagulation

DKA

diabetic ketoacidosis

DM

diabetes mellitus

DU

duodenal ulcer

DUB

dysfunctional uterine bleeding

DVT

deep vein thrombosis

DXA

dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

EAM

external auditory meatus

EBV

Epstein–Barr virus

ECG

electrocardiogram

EEG

electroencephalogram

ELISA

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

EMG

electromyography

EMU

early morning urine (sample)

ENT

ear, nose and throat

EO

epididymo-orchitis

ERCP

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticogram

ESR

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

ET

Eustachian tube

FBC

full blood count

FSH

follicle-stimulating hormone

γGT

gamma glutamyl transpeptidase

GAD

generalised anxiety disorder

GF

glandular fever

GI

gastrointestinal

GI

granuloma inguinale

GnRH

gonadotrophin-releasing hormone

GORD

gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

GUM

genito-urinary medicine

Hb

haemoglobin

HCG

human chorionic gonadotrophin

5HIAA

5-hydroxy-indole-acetic acid

HLA

human leucocyte antigen

HRT

hormone-replacement therapy

HSV

herpes simplex virus

HVS

high vaginal swab

IBD

inflammatory bowel disease

IBS

irritable bowel syndrome

IC

intermittent claudication

IGTN

ingrowing toenail

IHD

ischaemic heart disease

INR

international normalised ratio

ITP

idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura

IUCD

intrauterine contraceptive device

IVP

intravenous pyelogram

IVU

intravenous urogram

JCA

juvenile chronic arthritis

LFT

liver function tests

LGV

lymphogranuloma venereum

LH

luteinising hormone

LMP

last menstrual period

LN

lymph node

LRTI

lower respiratory tract infection

LSD

lysergic acid diethylamide

LUTS

lower urinary tract symptoms

LVF

left ventricular failure

MAOI

monoamine oxidase inhibitor

MC&S

microscopy, culture and sensitivity

MCV

mean cell volume

MI

myocardial infarction

MMR

measles, mumps, rubella

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

MS

multiple sclerosis

MSU

mid-stream urine (sample)

NAI

non-accidental injury

NICE

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

NSAID

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

OA

osteoarthritis

OE

otitis externa

O/E

on examination

OG

onychogryphosis

OGD

oesophago-gastro duodenoscopy

OM

otitis media

OTC

over the counter

PAN

polyarteritis nodosa

PCOS

polycystic ovary syndrome

PCR

protein creatinine ratio

PCV

packed cell volume

PE

pulmonary embolism

PEFR

peak expiratory flow rate

PF

proctalgia fugax

PID

pelvic inflammatory disease

PMR

polymyalgia rheumatica

PMT

pre-menstrual tension

PR

per rectum

PRIST

paper radioimmunosorbent disc test

PSA

prostate-specific antigen

PTH

parathyroid hormone

PU

peptic ulcer

PUO

pyrexia of unknown origin

PV

per vagina

PVE

per vaginal examination

PVD

peripheral vascular disease

RA

rheumatoid arthritis

RAST

radioallergosorbent test

RAU

recurrent aphthous ulceration

RLS

restless legs syndrome

RUQ

right upper quadrant

SA

septic arthritis

SCC

squamous cell carcinoma

SLE

systemic lupus erythematosus

SOB

shortness of breath

STD

sexually transmitted disease

SVT

supraventricular tachycardia

TAH

total abdominal hysterectomy

TATT

‘tired all the time’

TB

tuberculosis

TCA

tricyclic antidepressant

TFT

thyroid function tests

TIA

transient ischaemic attack

TMJ

temporomandibular joint

TN

trigeminal neuralgia

TSH

thyroid-stimulating hormone

TURP

transurethral resection of prostate

TV

trichomonal vaginosis

U&E

urea and electrolytes

URTI

upper respiratory tract infection

UTI

urinary tract infection

UV

ultraviolet

VMA

vanillyl-mandelic acid

V/Q

ventilation perfusion

VT

ventricular tachycardia

WCC

white cell count

WRULD

work-related upper limb disorder