To Alex, with every positive wish.

Published in 2016 by Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC
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Copyright © 2016 by Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bortz, Fred, 1944- author.

Understanding protons / Fred Bortz and B.H. Fields.

pages cm — (Exploring the subatomic world)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-50260-546-7 (hardcover) ISBN 978-1-50260-547-4 (ebook)

1. Protons—Juvenile literature. 2. Particles (Nuclear physics)—Juvenile literature.

I. Fields, B. H., author. II. Title. III. Series: Exploring the subatomic world.

QC793.5.P72B68 2015

539.7′2123—dc23

2015003670

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The photographs in this book are used by permission and through the courtesy of: MARK GARLICK/Science Photo Library/Getty Images, cover; Monika Wisniewska/ Shutterstock.com, throughout; DeAgostini/Getty Images, 7; Universal History Archive/ UIG/Getty Images, 8; Welcome trust/File:’Distillatio’, scene in an alchemist laboratory Wellcome M0018149.jpg/Wikimedia Commons, 10; Georgios Kollidas/Shutterstock.com, 11; chemistryland.com/File:Gaylussac.jpg/Wikimedia Commons, 13; Thomas Forget,

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