Alien and Sedition Acts proposal of, 295–297
Treaty of Paris signed by, 160
vanity of, 6
Albemarle County militia, 87
the Alien and Sedition Acts, 295–297, 309
Allen, Moses, 46
Ambassador to France, 162
Amendments effort, 285
American colonies
free citizens deliberating government of, 280–281
paying for debt of, 136
Robertson leaving for, 30
self-governing problems of, 8
should take offensive, 73
Stamp Act infuriating, 32
statesman needed to save, 116–117
united national purpose lacking in, 114
See also United States
American Colonization Society, 207
Anti-Federalists, 16
constitutional convention delay tactics of, 270–271
Federalist Paper condemning, 229
Henry, P., and aggression of, 223, 244–245
Madison, J., battling, 18–19
pragmatic pessimism of, 274
Randolph lambasting, 252
vacuity exposed of, 260
Virginia strategy of, 225–226
Anti-Semitism, 127
Anxiety attacks, 19, 57, 90–96, 124, 257
“An Apology for the Church of England as by Law Established” (Tucker), 97
Aristocracy, 53
Armed revolt, 100
Articles of Confederation, 131, 188–189
Ashby v. White, 76
Attachment figures, 95
Attack, lines of, 139
Autobiography, 310–312
Bailyn, Bernard, 316
Baptists, 69–70
Barbour, Thomas, 97
Bennis, Warren, 17
Berkeley, Edward, 42
Bicameral legislature, 195
the Bill of Rights, 312
Constitution destroyed without, 255
Jefferson, T., seeking, 227–228, 233, 243, 260, 275
passed and in place, 293
Billey (slave), 159
Biography, 61
Blair, John, 106–107
Bland, Martha, 121–122
Bland, Theodorick, 122, 133–135, 148
Board of Admiralty, 120
Bonnie Prince Charlie. See Charles, Prince
Boston tea party, 71
Bowdoin, James, 177
Bradford, William, 60 (photo)
Boston Tea Party story from, 71
end of days sensation expressed by, 72
law studied by, 65
Madison, J., befriending, 45
Madison, J., display of jealousy of, 76
Princeton graduation of, 64
Brandeis, Louis, 71
Brant, Irving, 14–15, 57, 91, 111
British North America, 160
Burr, Aaron, 300
Byrd, Robert, 17
Cabell, William, 257
Calhoun, John, 308
Cantons, 172–173
Carbery, 156
Carlyle, Alexander, 36
Carrington, Edward, 235–236, 243, 288
Central government, 257–258
Chapman, J. G., 303
Charcot, Jean-Martin, 91
Charles, Prince (Bonnie Prince Charlie), 29–30, 37–38
Checks and balances, 72, 140–141
Cheney, Lynne, 90
Chew, Joseph, 61
Childhood trauma, 95–96
Christian organizations, 8–10
Church, Frank, 16
Church of England, 71
Cicero, 42
Cipher, 144–146
Citizens
American colonies deliberating government by, 280–281
conscientious common, 283–284
in society, 234–235
City Tavern, 208
City Troop, 193
Civilian militias, 263
Clause-by-clause debate, 251, 259–260, 268–269
Clay, Charles, 263
Climate, 34
Coan, Jim, 96
Coercion, 131–132, 188, 190–191, 197–199, 209
Coles, Edward, 93–94, 205–206, 309
College of New Jersey, 34–35, 41–42
College of William and Mary, 33, 34, 108–109, 166
Colonel, Madison, J., appointed, 89
Commissary, 108
Committee delegate, 103–104
Committee of Safety, 89
Company maneuvers collapse, 90
Congress
angry men rallying against, 155–156
Articles of Confederation executed by, 131
cipher mandated by, 144–145
Constitution allowing pay raise of, 262–263
constitutional convention authorized by, 182–184
Continental, 110
expiration of term in, 161
forced contribution indecision of, 137–138
Gates description of, 16
general taxes collected by, 134–137
Hamilton resigning from, 215–216
impost bill and, 171–172
Madison, J., and, 111, 116, 156–157
Mason and ignominious punishments of, 265–266
militia power of, 263
money exchange proposal of, 115–116
one seat for every state proposal for, 201–202
114th as least effective, 14
Princeton move of, 156
Randolph decrying power of, 207–209
revenue scheme debated by, 215
revolt paralyzing, 156
starving troops warning to, 107–108, 119
state commerce regulation by, 129
state contributions to federal treasury by, 119–120
tyrannical, 269
Virginia’s best heading to, 110
Washington recruiting good men for, 110–111
Conscience, 48
Conscientious common citizen, 283–284
Alien and Sedition Acts against, 297–298
amendments effort and, 285
Congress raising own pay under, 262–263
Delaware first to ratify, 222
designed by committee, 209
executive and legislative branch separation in, 232
Federalists winning ratification of, 285
five grounds for need of, 259
Georgia ratifying, 225
groundless prejudices against, 241
Henry, P., grows in violence against, 286
Henry, P., planning war against, 184–185, 210, 212–213, 230–231, 247–249, 275
Henry, P., reform of, 162
Madison, Ambrose (brother) seeking opposition to, 213
Madison, J. (uncle), and practicality of, 235–236
Madison, J. (uncle), warning of, 209–210
Mason and rights and privileges of, 278–279
Massachusetts ratifying, 233
Monarchy and, 249
Monroe’s assurances about, 291–292
New York ratification of, 286
no bill of rights destroying, 255
obstacles to, 191–192
opposition facing, 211–212
ratification of, 241–243
slavery and ratification of, 236–237
Southern states and, 268
states prostrated by, 277–278
states ratification of, 210
Supremacy Clause of, 190–191
10th Amendment of, 297
three-fifths compromise of, 236
vice president created by, 270
Virginia, 313
Virginia needing reform of, 162–163
Constitutional convention
anti-Federalists delay tactics of, 270–271
British government model proposal at, 216
clause-by-clause debate in, 251, 259–260, 268–269
Congress authorizing, 182–184
delegates boycotting, 175–176
Madison, J., absence from, 257
Madison, J., elected delegate to, 241–243
Madison, J., historical notes of, 194
Madison, J., methodical manner at, 250–252
opening remarks of, 245
in Philadelphia, 193
president’s popular election and, 203–204
property-holders vote and, 303–304
Randolph’s story beginning, 245–246
self-imposed gag order of, 199–200
thunderstorm descended on, 262, 281–282
Washington courted for, 181–182
Continental Congress, 110
Conversion disorders, 95
Cooper, Joseph, 94–95
Corbin, Francis, 289
Cornelius Nepos, 30
Cornwallis, Lord, 11, 124, 132–133
Council of State, 106
“The Crisis” (Paine), 99
Crisis series, 114
Cromwell, 83
Currency
governments creating, 269
Henry, P., seeking more paper, 202–203
mass disbelief in, 113–114
states prevented from printing, 122
Virginia wanting to print more, 180
Washington observing sinking, 113
Dante, 282
David and the Philistine, 78
Dawson, John, 237
de Lafayette, Marquis, 163–164, 302
Debt ceiling, 115
Debtor prison, 177
Declaration of Rights, 98
Declaration of Rights, Virginia’s, 266–267
Deductive reasoning, 263–264
Delaware, 222
constitutional convention boycotted by, 175–176
House of Delegates, 109, 133–134, 297
Madison, J., elected, 241–243
Madison, J., proposal bombed by, 307–308
Madison, J., service as, 304
Demagogue, 53, 196–197, 235–236
Democracy
brilliance drawn from leaders in, 53
liberty and, 54
republic compared to, 220–221
statesmanship needed for strong, 317–318
Depression, 164–165
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 94
Dialogues (Lucian), 43
Dickinson, John, 49
Dido (slave), 28
Digges, Dudley, 106–107
Direct commerce, 148
Direct taxation, 251
DuPont family, 2
“Ecclesiastical Characteristics” (Witherspoon, J.), 40
Edwards, Jonathan, 42
Edwards, Jonathan Sr., 42
Elsworth, Dorothy, 210
Emotional regulation, 95
Encyclopédie méthodique, 5
England, 48–49
Epileptoid hysteria, 91
Equality, 11
“An Essay on Toleration” (Turneux), 97
Essays and Treatises on Several Subjects (Hume), 149
Executive branch, 232
Executive council, 106
Factions, 220
Farmers, 177
Father of the Constitution, 15
the Federal acts, 309
Federal government
factional mischief and, 220
Henry, P., and, 163
liberty destroyed by, 248–249
militias governed by, 190
national government distinction with, 265
right of coercion for, 191
state government nexus imperii with, 196
state sovereignty’s middle ground with, 190
states coerced by, 131
taxation to fund, 134
Federal judges, 272
Federal militias, 266
Federal treasury, 119–120
Federalist Papers
anti-Federalists condemned in, 229
Hamilton’s installments of, 216–219
Henry, P., ridiculing, 249
Madison, J., writing, 219–223, 228–233, 236–238, 274
positive account of, 233–235
writing pressures of, 218–219
Federalists
Constitution ratification won by, 285
Henry, P., fury against, 185
Madison, J., realizing power of, 71–72
Randolph needed on side of, 226–227
ratification convention and, 223–224
as reckless adventurers, 245, 253
See also Anti-Federalists
First Lady, 301
Fitzhugh, William, 111
Floyd, Catherine “Kitty,” 55, 153 (photo), 302
engagement ended by, 157–158
Jefferson, T., supporting relationship of, 152–153
Madison, J., relationship with, 151–152
marriage proposal and, 154, 157–158
New York return of, 154–155
nineteen-year-old married by, 158
qualities of, 151
Floyd, William, 151–152
Forced contribution, 135–136
Congress undecided on, 137–138
Henry, P., unleashing chaos on, 144
Virginia legislature defeating, 147–148
Founding Fathers, 313
France, 165
Franklin, Benjamin, 160, 166, 208
Freedom, of religion, 12
Fustian skepticism, 273
Galloway, Joseph, 49
Gates, Robert, 16
General Assembly, 9, 124, 287, 297
George III (George the Third), 83
Georgia, 225
Gerry, Elbridge, 208
Gingrich, Newt, 16
“Give me liberty or give me death,” 7–8, 82, 254
Gondi, John Francis Paul de (Cardinal de Retz), 30–31
Gordon, James, 231
Government
central, 257–258
checks and balances in, 72
currency creation by, 269
free citizens deliberating, 280–281
Madison, J., fifteen-item blueprint for, 189–190, 195
Madison, J., ideas on, 195
majority rule and, 189
man’s brutal nature and, 52
national, 265
political career in, 80
religion and, 99
separate and distinct departments of, 234
taxation needed by, 252
three branches of, 195
Witherspoon, J., and complex, 71–72
Witherspoon, J., teaching forms of, 52–53
See also Federal government; State government
Grayson, William, 168, 273, 293
Great Britain
convention declaring independence from, 97
direct commerce with, 148
Hamilton using government model of, 216
Madison, Ambrose (brother), fighting troops of, 109
reestablish trade relations with, 133
scheme defeated and, 133
soldiers burning effigies and, 100
Stamp Act passed by, 32
tensions with, 81–82
United States signing peace treaty with, 160
See also England
Greek cities, 172
Green, Ashbel, 36
Griffen, Cyrus, 111
Grigsby, Hugh Blair, 256
Hamilton, Alexander, 215 (photo)
background of, 214
British government model used by, 216
Burr and, 300
Congressional resignation of, 215–216
Federalist Papers installments by, 216–219
on peace committee, 142–143
prevalent ambition of, 5–6
as Revolutionary War commander, 219
“Rules of Statesmen” by, 214
Witherspoon idolized by, 214
Hancock, John, 49
Harrison, Benjamin, 10, 110, 225, 244
Harrison, Nathaniel, 106–107
Henry, John, 84
Henry, Patrick, 125 (photo)
anti-Federalists aggression and, 223, 244–245
arguments not resonating of, 277
attempted reconciliation by, 293–294
chaos unleashed by, 144
confederacy dissolution and, 199
constitutional reform and, 162
death of, 297–298
Dunmore paying for gunpowder and, 87
federal government and, 163
federal militias assailed by, 266
federalism and fury of, 185
Federalist Papers ridiculed by, 249
final argument of, 281–282
fustian skepticism of, 273
“Give me liberty or give me death” by, 7–8, 82, 254
governor reelection and, 10
household goods store and, 84
Jefferson, T., meeting, 85
Jefferson, T., not liking, 83–84
Jefferson, T., writing about, 143
Madison, J., and religious tax battle with, 8–11, 13
Madison, J., brutish back and forth with, 261–262
Madison, J., decision on confronting, 233
Madison, J., defeating, 284, 285
Madison, J., letter delivery request to, 87
Madison, J., sworn in by, 106–107
Madison, J., urging commendation letter for, 87–88
Madison battling anti-Federalists and, 18–19
more paper money sought by, 202–203
newspaper attacking, 293
obstructionism of, 278
old woman protecting, 124
as passionate nationalist, 213–214
policy reversals of, 143
as protector of people, 245
Randolph mistake battered by, 254–257
rebuttal of, 252–253
as revolutionary hero, 160
revolutionary spirit of, 82
secession dismissed by, 279–280
second convention attempt of, 285–286
self-reliance principle of, 253–254
Stamp Act resolutions from, 83
Tea Party movement and, 16
tobacco farming done by, 84–85
transcendent effect of speech by, 256
violent attitude against Constitution of, 286
at Virginia Convention, 81–82
Virginia divided by, 243
as Virginia governor, 99–100
volunteer militia built by, 86
war against Constitution planned by, 184–185, 210, 212–213, 230–231, 247–249, 275
warmth and oratory skills of, 85–86
wife’s death of, 86
Henry, Sarah, 86
Henry, William, 84
Henry VIII (Shakespeare), 149
Herdman, James, 70
Hite, Nelly née Madison (sister), 55
Horse farm, 1–2
House, Mary, 148
House of Delegates, 109, 133–134, 297
House of Representatives, 196, 208, 236, 292–293, 295
Human justice, 206–207, 236–237
Humiliation, 96
Humphrey, Hubert, 17
Hutchinson, Francis, 149
Hypochondria, 62
“If men were angels, no government would be necessary” (quote), 274
If Men Were Angels: James Madison and the Heartless Empire of Reason, 14
Illnesses, at Montpelier, 73–74
Import tariff, 128–129
Imported spirits, 48–49
Impost bill, 171–172
Incivility, 79
Indians, 25
Inequitable decisions, 173
Inflation, 114
An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Smith, A.), 149
It’s Even Worse Than It Looks (Mann and Ornstein), 15
Jackson, Scoop, 17
James Madison Museum, 1
Javitz, Jacob, 17
Jefferson, Lucy, 147
Jefferson, Martha, 147–148
Jefferson, Thomas, 15, 228 (photo)
as ambassador to France, 162
bill of rights sought by, 227–228, 233, 243, 260, 275
coercion topic and no word from, 132
College of William and Mary of, 33
Floyd, C., relationship supported by, 152–153
France visit offer of, 165
gravestone of, 4
Henry, P., involved in mystery from, 143
Henry, P., meeting, 85
Henry, P., not liked by, 83–84
Kentucky Resolution by, 297
Madison, J., differences with, 179–180, 198–199
Madison, J., meeting with, 103, 148
meteorological diary requested by, 162
Notes on the State of Virginia by, 232
presidency won by, 293
public life return of, 148–149
real estate investment not interesting, 174
rebellion as good thing from, 178–179
Virginia governor election of, 109–110
wife’s death and grief of, 147–148
Jefferson Memorial, 4–5
Jemmy or Jamie. See Madison, James
Johnson, Samuel, 42
Johnson, Zachariah, 283–284
Jones, Joseph, 121, 145, 157, 162, 219
Kennedy, Ted, 17
Kentucky Resolution, 297
Ketcham, Ralph, 90–91
King, Rufus, 176, 244, 247, 255, 271
Lamport, Daniel, 28
The Last Great Senate (Shapiro), 16
The Last of the Fathers (McCoy), 20
Laurens, John, 6
Law
Ashby v. White and, 76
Bradford studying, 65
Madison, J., and, 74–77
Marbury v. Madison, 190
martial, 97
practice, 215–216
statutory, 169–170
Lay Patronage, 39–40
Lee, Henry, 177, 212, 244, 265, 291
Lee, Richard Bland, 287
Lee, Richard Henry, 86, 110–111, 225, 288
Legislative branch, 232
Legislature, passing bills in, 170
Liberia, 207
Library, world-class, 149
Library of Congress, 5
Lieutenant governor, 170
Liquor, for votes, 103–104
Logic, 269–270
Lovell, James, 145
Lowell, John, 148
Macbeth (Shakespeare), 149
Machiavelli, Niccolò, 149
Madison, Ambrose (brother), 109, 213
Madison, Ambrose (grandfather), 28
First Lady invented by, 301
Montpelier sold by, 2
Washington’s portrait saved by, 301
Madison, Elizabeth (sister), 74
Madison, Fanny (sister), 154–155
Madison, Francis (brother), 60
Madison, James, 56 (photo), 242 (photo), 313 (photo)
accelerated college schedule of, 42–43
affairs of state absorbing, 7
America should take offensive and, 73
autobiography details by, 310–312
Baptist deserved protection and, 69–70
Boston tea party story sent to, 71
British resistance scheme defeated of, 133
brothers and sisters of, 60, 74
camaraderie discovered by, 44–45, 67
career confusion of, 165–166
coercion pursuit of, 197–199
Committee delegate vote lost by, 103–104
company maneuvers collapse of, 90
confessional turn in argument of, 264
conflicting perceptions about, 14–15
control obsession of, 198–199
control public opinion goal of, 105
correspondence written in cipher by, 145–146
death of, 312–313
depression of, 164–165
destroy bad ideas, raise good ones and, 17
exchange won by, 259–261
extraordinary potential of, 33
as Father of Constitution, 15
federal acts nullification and, 309
Federalist Papers written by, 219–223, 228–233, 236–238, 274
feebleness of health, 92–93, 259
formal memorial to, 5
Gondi and Montaigne’s wisdom reframed by, 31
government’s fifteen-item blueprint from, 189–190, 195
honorary degree given to, 166
House of Delegates election of, 109
inner intensity of, 141
life of true principle desired by, 68
logic by, 269–270
“Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments” by, 11–13
Method of, 8–9, 50–51, 135–136, 138–141, 169–170, 180, 187–188, 197, 219, 264, 292, 306
methodical manner of, 250–252
military supply interest of, 108
mysterious romance of, 167–168
national audience earned by, 142 118
bills introduced by, 170
philosophy and character of, 315–316
as physically fragile child, 29
pleading for attendance of, 226, 231
powerful speech of, 180–181
precision following rage and, 252
proposal defeated of, 307–308
public life of, 15
Puritanical intolerance of, 46
refusal to pursue fame of, 13
republic and sacrifices of, 316–317
rifle practice of, 89–90
as secretary of state, 298
self-governance ideal of, 20
sensitivity of, 25
Shenandoah Valley trip of, 65–66
as sibling tutor, 59
Solomon loan requested by, 126–127
strangers beholding remains of, 3
Trist’s intimate correspondence with, 13–14
“Vices of the Political System of the United States” by, 187
victory of, 271
as Virginia Convention delegate, 97
Virginia voting tradition not followed by, 103–104
visiting grave of, 1–3
Witherspoon, J., liking perspicacity of, 43
Madison, James (uncle), 63
assignment refusal devastating, 120
constitutional defect warning of, 209–210
Constitution’s practicality questioned by, 235–236
as William and Mary president, 108–109
Madison, James Sr., 27 (photo)
560 acres gifted by, 163
Madison, J., receiving money from, 128
sons attendance urged by, 231
tutor for brothers and sisters sought by, 55–57
vanity despised by, 26
Madison, Nelly (mother), 29, 60, 61 (photo)
death of, 62
high-strung and hypersensitive, 51
hypochondria of, 62
sulfurous mineral spring restoring, 65
Madison, Nelly (niece), 312–313
Madison, Reuben (brother), 60, 74
Madison, Sally (sister), 154
Madison, Sarah (sister), 60
Madison, Willey (brother), 63–64
“Madison Paid Court to ‘Sweet Dulcinea’ Outside Old Nassau’s Sequestered Walls” (article), 158
Magdalene, Mary, 301
Main, Jackson Turner, 16
Majority rule, 189
Mann, Thomas, 15
Manumission, 205
Marbury v. Madison, 190
Marlborough, Duke of, 84
Marriage
Floyd, C., proposal of, 154, 157–158
of Madison, J., 299–302
Marshall, John, 110, 138, 184, 190, 244
Martial law, 97
Mary II, Queen, 33
Mason, George, 207, 208, 225, 247 (photo)
background of, 195
Congress’ ignominious punishments and, 265–266
Constitution’s rights and privileges, 278–279
Declaration of Rights draft of, 98
Sic semper tyrannis state flag and, 110
slavery issue ripped open by, 267–268
taxation comments of, 246
Master-slave relationships, 27
McCoy, Drew, 20
McGovern, George, 17
“Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments” (Madison, James Jr.), 11–13
A Merchant in Venice (Shakespeare), 127
Meteorological diary, 162
Method, of Madison, James, 8–9, 169–170, 180, 187–188, 197, 219, 264, 292, 306
critical test of, 243–244
nine key elements of, 138–141
Military supply, 108, 119–120, 127–128
Militias
Albemarle County, 87
civilian, 263
Congress’ power over, 263
federal government governing, 190
Henry, P., assailing federal, 266
Henry, P., helping build volunteer, 86
Witherspoon, J., forming own, 37
Ministers plenipotentiary, 148
Mississippi River, 184
Moderate Party, 39–40
Monarchy, 249
Monetary system, 115
Money exchange proposal, 115–116
Monroe, James, 15, 110, 244–245, 291 (photo)
central government refuted by, 257–258
Constitution assurances by, 291–292
Madison, J., assisting ailing, 304
Ohio River invitation from, 167
real estate scheme involvement of, 173–174
Montaigne, Michel de, 31
Montesquieu, 149
Montgomery, Elizabeth, 39
Monticello, 4
Montpelier, 25–26, 303 (photo)
enslaved men and women of, 174–175
as horse farm, 1–2
illnesses at, 73–74
Madison, D., selling, 2
Madison, J., return to, 161–162
monument transported to, 3
slaves at, 205–206
Moore, William, 231
More, Thomas, 149
Morris, Gouverneur, 210
Mount Vernon, 291
Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 16
Muse, Colonel, 6
Nassau Hall, 35, 44, 49, 64, 67
National convention, 181
National government, 265
Natural reason, 82
Nelson, Gaylord, 17
New Jersey, 222
New York Constitution, 217
New York Packet, 221
Nexus imperii, 53–54, 121, 196, 235, 308
Nicholas, George, 242, 267, 278
Norfolk, Virginia, 97
Notes on the State of Virginia (Jefferson), 232
Nullification doctrine, 308–309
Obama, Barack, 16
Ohio River, 167
Old Dominion, 304
114th Congress, 14
Orange County woman, 168
Orations (Cicero), 42
Oratory skills, 85–86
Ornstein, Norman, 15
Pan, Youths, and Nymphs (painting), 302
Panic attacks, 96
Parish, Beith, 37
Passions, 47–48, 138, 156, 189
channeling torrents of, 221
Henry, P., as nationalist with, 213–214
slaves and fear as, 254
Paterson, William, 200
Patriotic faith, 251
Paulding, James Kirke, 310–311
Payne, Dolley. See Madison, Dolley
Peace committee appointment, 142–143
Peale, Charles Willson, 55
Pendleton, Edmund, 86, 110, 121, 211, 244
Pericles, 317
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
constitutional convention in, 193
expensive city of, 115
Madison traveling to, 114–115
10 percent owning half of wealth in, 125
Witherspoon, J., visiting, 77
Philip II of Macedon, 172
“Philosophical Disputation: Concerning the Immortality of the Mind” (Witherspoon, J.), 37
Pinckney, Charles, 196, 197–198
Plain Dealing Society, 45
Political right, 98
Political theory, 149
Politics, 49
career in, 80
Madison, W., interests in, 63–64
revolutionary, 77–80
Pompey (slave), 28
Popular election, 203–204
Popular Party, 39
Porter, Charles, 104
Presbyterians, 70
College of William and Mary, 108–109
Jefferson, T., as, 293
lifetime term of, 227
Madison, J., as, 317
popular election of, 203–204
The Prince (Machiavelli), 149
Princeton
Bradford’s graduation from, 64
Congress moving to, 156
religious sentiment overtaking, 54–55
tensions building at, 72
See also College of New Jersey
Printers’ deadlines, 218
Prisoner of war, 38
Private conscience, 98
Property-holders, 303–304
Psalm 76.10, 78
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, 95
Publius (pseudonym), 217, 229, 232
Puritanical intolerance, 46
Rakove, Jack, 315
Randolph, Edmund, 82, 166, 244
anti-Federalist lambasted by, 252
congressional power decried by, 207–209
constitutional convention beginning with, 245–246
Federalist side needing, 226–227
Henry, P., battering mistake of, 254–257
not repaying loan, 126
rebuttal by, 273–274
spying suspicions of, 145–146
Ratification convention, 223–224
Real estate scheme, 173–174
Rebellion
Jefferson, T., states benefits of, 178–179
popular resistance threatening, 278–279
Witherspoon, J., and cause of, 78–79
Reid, Thomas, 41
Religion
freedom of, 12
government and, 99
Madison, J., battling Henry, P., taxes for, 8–11, 13
oppression motive of, 197
Princeton overtaken by sentiments of, 54–55
state cannot support, 11
Virginia’s freedom of, 103
Repression, 95
Republic (Plato), 149
Republic, democracy compared to, 220–221
Residency requirements, 289
Revenue scheme, 215
Revolutionaries, 83
Revolutionary hero, 160
Revolutionary politics sermon, 77–80
Revolutionary spirit, 82
Richmond, Virginia, 124
Richmond Convention of 1829, 312
Rifle practice, 89–90
Rives, William Cabell, 60, 103
Rivington, James, 73
Robertson, Donald, 32, 37, 84, 138, 311
America destination of, 30
as heathen and pagan, 38
from Scotland, 29–30
Robinson, John, 83
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 15
Rosborough, John, 100
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 149
“Rules of Statesmen” (Hamilton), 214
Rush, Benjamin, 41
Salkeld, William, 75–76
Sanctions, 188
Sawney (family slave), 26–27, 34, 57, 65
Schuyler, Elizabeth, 6
Scottish General Assembly, 39
Secession, 279–280
Secretary of state, 298
Self-aggrandizement, 78
Self-governance, 20
Self-reliance, 253–254
Senate
enlightened statesmen in, 197
Madison, J., losing election for, 289
as self-correcting, 237–238
Virginia campaign for, 288–289
Virginia needing two for, 287
Washington wanting Madison, J., in, 287–288
Sermon, revolutionary politics, 77–80
Shapiro, Ira, 16
Shays’ Rebellion, 177–179, 198, 227
Shelton, Sarah, 84
Shenandoah Valley, 65–66
Shepherd, Andrew, 224
Siblings, of Madison, J., 55–57, 60, 63–64, 74
Sic semper tyrannis state flag, 110
“Signs of Ideas” (Locke), 48
Six Indian Nations, 163–164
Constitution’s ratification and, 236–237
human justice and, 206–207, 236–237
Mason ripping open issue of, 267–268
Southern states and, 123
taxation on, 204–205
Virginia and, 305–306
Slaves, 28
Army and reward of, 122–123
Billey as, 159
masters relationship with, 27
at Montpelier, 205–206
Montpelier’s men and women as, 174–175
not depending on labor of, 166
Smith, Adam, 149
Smith, John Blair, 181
Smith, Stanhope, 97
Smith, William Peartree, 41
Socratic Method, 50
Solomon, Haym, 126–128
Spencer, Joseph, 238
Spying suspicions, 145–146
congress regulating commerce of, 129
currency printing prevented of, 122
federal government coercing, 131
federal government nexus imperii with, 196
federal treasury contributions of, 119–120
5 percent import tariff of, 128–129
taxation of citizens needed by, 120–121, 135
State sovereignty, 190
States
Articles of Confederation violated by, 188–189
challenge to produce best of, 140
Congress with one seat for every, 201–202
Constitution prostrating, 277–278
Constitution ratification of, 210
currency printing and, 122
federal government coercing, 131
religion cannot be support by, 11
Statesmanship, 18, 220, 235, 316, 317–318
American colonies needing, 116–117
Madison, J., choosing profession of, 80
Senate for enlightened, 197
Statutory laws, 169–170
Stockton, Richard, 41
Strong preying on weak, 172
Stuart, Archibald, 170, 212, 217, 229
Sulfurous mineral spring, 65–66
Supremacy Clause, of Constitution, 190–191
Switzerland, 172
Taliaferro, Lawrence, 223
Tax collectors, 199
Congress needing general, 134–137
direct, 251
federal government funded by, 134
forced contribution and, 135–137
government needing, 252
Mason’s comments on, 246
on slavery, 204–205
state governments needing, 120–121, 135
Tea Party movement, 16
The Tempest (play), 149–150
10th Amendment, 297
Thomas, Dylan, 20
Three-fifths compromise, 236
Tobacco, 26–27
Tobacco farming, 84–85
Todd, John, 299
Todd, Payne, 300–302
Tories, 83
Trade relations, 133
A Treatise on Government (Aristotle), 149
Treaty, with Six Indian Nations, 163–164
Treaty of Paris, 160
Trist, Eliza House, 13–14, 183, 241, 288
Tucker, Josiah, 97
Turberville, George Lee, 289–290
Turk (slave), 28
Turneux, Philip, 97
Two Treatises on Government (Locke), 149
Utopia (More), 149
Van Buren, Martin, 310
Vice president, 270
“Vices of the Political System of the United States” (Madison, J.), 187
Virginia
Anglican persecutions in, 69–70
anti-Federalists strategy in, 225–226
Baptist churches in, 69
Congress getting best of, 110
Constitution, 313
Constitution’s opposition in, 211–212
currency printing in, 180
Declaration of Rights of, 266–267
divided regions of, 306
forced contribution defeated in, 147–148
freedom of religion in, 103
Henry, P., dividing, 243
Henry, P., voted governor of, 99–100
Indian violence in, 25
Jefferson, T., elected governor of, 109–110
martial law in, 97
master-slave relationships in, 27
Mississippi River control wanted by, 184
Norfolk, 97
religious establishment in, 7, 9
revising outdated Constitution of, 162–163
Richmond, 124
Senate campaign in, 288–289
slavery and, 305–306
statutory law reform of, 169–170
two new senators needed in, 287
voting tradition of, 103–104
“white basis” districting scheme in, 306
Williamsburg, 86
Virginia Convention, 81–82, 96, 97
Virginia Convention of 1776, 311
Virginia House of Burgesses, 82
Virginia Plan, 18, 187, 195, 208
Virginia Resolutions, 295–297, 308–309
Virtue, 272
Wallace, Caleb, 167
War bonds, 121
Wartime correspondence, 144–145
Washington, George, 6
approving letter sent by, 180–181
College of William and Mary and, 33
constitutional convention and courting of, 181–182
Cornwallis’ surrender and, 132–133
currency sinking observed by, 113
good men for Congress recruited by, 110–111
gunpowder crisis and, 86
House of Representatives support from, 208
Madison, D., saving portrait of, 301
Senate with Madison, J., desire of, 287–288
starving troops warning of, 107–108, 119
The Tempest play watched by, 149–150
Well Meaning Society, 45
Whig Society, 45
Whitcomb, Samuel, 14
“White basis” districting scheme, 306
White House, 303–304
William III, King, 33
Williamsburg, Virginia, 86
Wilson, Woodrow, 83
Wingate, John, 70
Witherspoon, Elizabeth, 41
Witherspoon, John, 34, 37, 51 (photo), 138, 311
armed revolt agitation of, 100
balanced philosophy of, 40–41
bloody battles fought by, 37–38
British rule abuse resentment of, 49
British soldiers burning effigy of, 100
as College of New Jersey new president, 41–42
“Ecclesiastical Characteristics” by, 40
forms of government taught by, 52–53
good government as complex and, 71–72
Hamilton idolizing, 214
history lesson from, 51–52
Madison, J., learning political ways from, 49
Madison, J., perspicacity liked by, 43
Madison, J., praised by, 286
Madison, J., visiting, 175
morals lectures of, 48
nervous shock to, 38–39
own militia formed by, 37
passions distinctions explained by, 47–48
Philadelphia visited by, 77
“Philosophical Disputation: Concerning the Immortality of the Mind” by, 37
as prisoner of war, 38
Psalm 76.10 explored by, 78
rebellion cause of, 78–79
revolutionary politics sermon of, 77–80
Scottish General Assembly election of, 39
torture of, 38
Wood, Gordon, 316
Worick, Earl, 1