PERMISSIONS

Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following authors and publishers whose copyrighted works have been reprinted or adapted for use:

“Enheduanna’s Lament.” Translation by Daniela Gioseffi. From Women on War, an International Anthology of Writings from Antiquity to the Present, edited by Daniela Gioseffi (The Feminist Press of the City University of New York, 2003).

The Roots of War

“U.S. Exceptionalism: The Hubris That Fuels Wars” is adapted from Drones and Targeted Killing: Legal, Moral, and Geopolitical Issues, © 2014 by Marjorie Cohn, used with permission of the author. www.consortiomnews.com.

“Blowback: Climate Change and Resource Wars” is adapted from “Entering a Resource Shock World: How Resource Scarcity and Climate Change Could Produce a Global Explosion,” © 2013 by Michael T. Klare, used with permission of the author and TomDispatch. www.tomdispatch.com.

“War Is Not Biological” is adapted from “Warfare Is Only an Invention—Not a Biological Necessity,” © 1940 by Margaret Mead. Reproduced by permission of the American Anthropological Association. Not for sale or further reproduction.

“Patriarchy and War: Treating Nature Like Dirt,” © 2017 by Vandana Shiva.

“Lessons from the Bonobos” is adapted from “Bonobo: Messenger of Peace, Victim of War” by Sally Jewell Coxe, © 2002 by the Animal Welfare Institute Quarterly. Used by permission of the AWI and the Bonobo Conservation Initiative. www.bonobo.org.

The Business of War

“War Is a Racket” is adapted from War Is a Racket, © 1935 by Major-General Smedley Darlington Butler. Published by Round Table Press, New York.

“War as an Economic Strategy” is adapted from The Capitalism Papers: The Fatal Flaws of an Obsolete System, © 2010 Jerry Mander, used by permission of the author and Counterpoint Press. www.counterpointpress.com.

“An Empire of Military Bases” is adapted from “Empire of Bases,” © 2009 by Hugh Gusterson, used with permission of the author and the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists.

“The High Cost of a Warfare Economy” is adapted from “Don’t Tread on Me,” © 2014 by Dave Gilson, used with permission of the author and Mother Jones magazine. www.motherjones.com.

“Disaster Capitalism on the Battlefield” is adapted from “Disaster Capitalism on the Battlefield and in the Boardroom,” © 2013 by William J. Astore, used with permission of the author and The Washington Spectator. washingtonspectator.org.

“ ‘False Flags’: How Wars Are Packaged and Sold,” © 2016 by James Corbett, courtesy of the Corbett Report. www.corbettreport.com.

“Banking on the Bomb: Investing in Nuclear Weapons” is adapted from Don’t Bank on the Bomb: A Global Report on the Financing of Nuclear Weapons Producers by Susi Snyder and Wilbert van der Zeijden. © 2016 PAX and the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons. www.dontbankonthebomb.com.

“Recruiting America’s Child Soldiers” is adapted from “America’s Child Soldiers,” © 2013 by Ann Jones, used with permission of the author and TomDispatch. annjonesonline.com.

Nature in the Crosshairs

“Afghanistan: Bombing the Land of the Snow Leopard” is adapted from an article in CounterPunch, © 2010 by Joshua Frank, used with permission of the author and CounterPunch. www.counterpunch.org.

“Africa: Wars on Wildlife” is adapted from several articles by Dr. Jane Goodall, including “Devastating the Earth: The Unseen Victims of War,” Resurgence, May–June 2003. Used with permission of Resurgence magazine and the Jane Goodall Institute. www.janegoodall.org.

“Guam: The Tip of America’s Global Spear” is adapted from “US Military Bases on Guam in Global Perspective,” © 2010 by Catherine Lutz, used by permission of the author and The Asia-Pacific Journal. http://apjjf.org.

“Kuwait: The War That Wounded the World” is adapted from “Eco-Activists on the Ground in Kuwait” by William Thomas (© 1991 Earth Island Journal) and Scorched Earth: The Military’s Assault on the Environment, © 1994 by William Thomas, used with permission of the author and New Society Publishers. www.newsociety.com.

“El Salvador: Scorched Earth in Central America” is adapted from “El Salvador’s Invisible War,” © 1988 by Gar Smith. Used by permission of the author and Earth Island Journal.

“Serbia: The Impact of NATO’s Bombs” is adapted from “What NATO’s Bombs Did to the Environment” by Phillip Frazer, © 2000 News on Earth Ltd. Used with permission of the author, News on Earth, Ltd., and Earth Island Journal. www.earthisland.org.

“Sardinia: Bombs and Cancer in Paradise” is adapted from “Sardinia: Militarization, Contamination & Cancer in Paradise,” © 2012 by Helen Jaccard, used by permission of the author and WarIsACrime.org.

“Vietnam: Delivering Death to the A Luoi Valley” is adapted from Month of Pure Light: The Regreening of Vietnam, © 1990 by Elizabeth Kemf, used with permission of the author and The Women’s Press. www.womenspress.com.

Collateral Damage

“Baghdad: A Civilization Torn to Pieces” is adapted from “Iraq: A Civilization Torn to Pieces,” © 2003 by Robert Fisk, used with permission of the author and the London Independent. © 2003 Independent Digital (UK) Ltd. www.independent.co.uk.

“Ukraine: Civil War and Combat Pollution” is adapted from a blog originally prepared for sustainablesecurity.org by Doug Weir of the Toxic Remnants of War Project in Manchester, U.K., with contributions by Nickolai Denisov and Otto Simonett of the Zoi Environment Network in Geneva and Dmytro Averin of the East-Ukrainian Environment Institute in Kyiv—Slovyansk. www.toxicremnantsofwar.info.

“Syria: Cities Reduced to Toxic Rubble,” is adapted from an October 2015 report, Amidst the Debris, an eighty-five-page investigation by the Netherlands-based organization PAX. www.paxforpeace.nl.

“Wars and Refugees” is adapted from Ecology of War and Peace: Counting Costs of Conflict by Tom H. Hastings. University Press of America (2000). Used by permission.

“Civilian Victims of Killer Drones” is adapted from Drone Warfare, © 2013 by Medea Benjamin, used with permission of the author and Verso Books.

“The Navy’s Sonic War on Whales” is adapted from “Lethal Sounds: Deadly Navy Sonar Harms Whales,” © 2014 by Pierce Brosnan, used by permission of the author and the Natural Resources Defense Council. www.nrdc.org.

A Field Guide to Militarism

“The Militarization of Native Lands” is adapted from an essay that first appeared as part of The Militarization of Indian Country by Winona LaDuke and Sean Aaron Cruz, published under the “Makwa Enewed” imprint of Michigan State University Press, © 2013.

“Wars Are No Longer Fought on Battlefields” is adapted from War Is a Lie, © 2010 by David Swanson. Used with permission of the author and Just World Books. www.justworldbooks.com.

“War on Land: Toxic Burdens and Military Exercises” is adapted from The Ecology of War: Environmental Impacts of Weaponry and Warfare, © 1993 by Susan D. Lanier-Graham and used with permission of the author and Walker & Co.

“War on the Sea: Islands under Siege,” © 2017 by Koohan Paik.

“Wars for Sand: The Mortar of Empires,” © 2016 by Denis Delestrac.

“War at a Distance: Long-Range Missiles” is adapted from “PMTR: Kaua‘i’s Biggest Bang Is Out of Sight” © 2014. Used with permission of the author and The Hawaii Independent. http://hawaiiindependent.net.

“War in Space: Astro-Imperialism” is adapted from “Astro-Imperialism: War in Space,” © 2002 by Karl Grossman, used with permission of the author and Earth Island Journal.

The Machinery of Mayhem

“Fueling the Engines of Empire” is adapted from The Green Zone: The Environmental Costs of Militarism, © 2009 by Barry Sanders, used with permission of the author and AK Press. www.akpress.org.

“Superpower, Superpolluter” is adapted from an article by the same title, © 2000 by Tyrone Savage, used with permission of the War Resisters League. www.warresisters.org.

“Jet Fright: The Impacts of Military Aircraft” is adapted from an article of the same title, © 1989 by Petra Loesch, used with permission of the author and Earth Island Journal. With research from the book Tiefflieger by Olaf Achilles and Jochen Lange.

“Explosive Arsenals: ‘Bomblets’ to ‘Near-Nukes.’” Excerpted from The New Nuclear Danger, © 2002, 2004 by Helen Caldicott. Reprinted by permission of The New Press. www.thenewpress.com.

“Land Mines: The Smallest WMDs” is adapted from “Landmines and Measures to Eliminate Them,” an essay by Jody Williams in the International Review of the Red Cross vol. 35, no. 307, published in August 1995. The article also includes portions of the author’s 1997 Nobel Prize acceptance speech, © 1995 by Jody Williams. Used with permission of the author and the IRRC. www.icrc.org/en/international-review.

“Weather as a Weapon: ‘Owning the Weather in 2025’” is excerpted from a June 17, 1996, U.S. Air Force Research Paper posted by the Federation of American Scientists.

“Nuclear Doomsday” is adapted from “The American Doomsday Machine,” © 2009 by Daniel Ellsberg, used by permission of the author and TruthDig. www.truthdig.com.

The Aftermath

“Graveyards, Waste, and War Junk” is adapted from The Ecology of War: Environmental Impacts of Weaponry and Warfare, © 1993 by Susan D. Lanier-Graham and used with permission of the author and Walker & Co./Bloomsbury Publishing.

“The Pentagon’s Toxic Burn Pits” is adapted from “Ring of Fire: Why Our Military’s Toxic Burn Pits Are Making Soldiers Sick,” © 2013 by Katie Drummond (read the full story at www.theverge.com/2013/10/28/4771164/the-next-agent-orange-why-burn-pits-are-making-soldiers-sick). Used with permission of the author and Vox Media. www.voxmedia.com.

“America’s ‘Downwinders,’ “ © 2017 by James Lerager.

“Atomic Islands and ‘Jellyfish Babies’” is adapted from “Nuclear Testing on Human Guinea Pigs,” © 2013 by Darlene Keju-Johnson, used with permission of Giff Johnson and CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.

“Haunted by Memories of War” is adapted from Blood on the Tracks: The Life and Times of S. Brian Willson © 2011 by S. Brian Willson, used with permission of the author and PM Press. www.pmpress.org.

“The War Zone That Became a New Eden” is adapted from “Korea’s Green Ribbon of Hope: History, Ecology, and Activism in the DMZ,” © 2012 by Lisa Brady, used with permission of the author and The Solutions Journal. www.thesolutionsjournal.com.

Ecolibrium

“Take the Profit Out of War,” © 1935 by Major-General Smedley Darlington Butler. Published by Round Table Press, New York.

“Ecology and War,” by David Brower and Friends of the Earth. Reprinted with permission from Not Man Apart, October 1982.

“Why We Oppose War and Militarism.” Press release from Environmentalists Against War, 2003.

“In Defense of the Environment,” is adapted from “In Defense of the Environment, Putting Poverty to the Sword,” © 2011 by Klaus Toepfer, used with permission of the author and the United Nations Environment Programme. www.unep.org.

“Protecting Nature from War” is adapted from “Protecting the Environment during Armed Conflict: An Inventory and Analysis of International Law” (November 2009), United Nations Environment Programme. www.un.org/zh/events/environmentconflictday/pdfs/int_law.pdf.