The Occupy Wall Street movement seems long ago and far away, but via a website called “Occupy the Boardroom” it left behind nearly 8,000 letters addressed to bank executives. The best were collected in The Trouble Is the Banks, edited by Mark Greif, Dayna Tortorici, Kathleen French, Emma Janaskie, and Nick Werle and published by the n+1 Foundation. In the letters “writers argue against the irresponsibility in Wall Street’s pleas of helplessness: It’s not me, it’s the rules. It’s my role. It’s capitalism. If I weren’t doing the wrong thing, somebody else would. The stockholders would have my head. The market will decide,” as the editors’ preface notes. In many of these frequently heartbreaking letters, the impact of the banks’ decisions on the economic lives of ordinary Americans is poignantly and succinctly expressed.
Edited by Mark Greif, Dayna Tortorici, Kathleen French, Emma Janaskie, and Nick Werle
Deena DeNaro
To: Lloyd H. Dean, Wells Fargo
Dear Lloyd,
In May 2007, I became the first person in my immediate family to get a degree, at age 38. I graduated owing more than $100,000 in private student loans. Payments were more than $1,100 per month. My 74-year-old retired father is the cosigner for most of these loans, but in September 2008, my dad lost $70,000 of his pension with the banks’ collapse.
In December 2009, after just one year in the workforce, I was laid off due to cut-backs. For most of 2010, I wasn’t able to find steady employment. In January 2011, I ran out of deferment with my private student loans. The banks began chasing my father as the cosigner. They have wrecked his line of credit and called in his home equity loan on which he never missed any payments.
In June 2011, my father saw a lawyer to try to get the payments reduced to something proportionate to his fixed income. In October 2011, he got word that the lawyer failed to get payments reduced enough. My dad wrote me a letter saying he had to sell his life insurance and rearrange his will to protect my sister and stepmom.
The letter arrived last Saturday.
He had a stroke on Sunday.
Now Wells Fargo is harassing him for payment of another student loan.
I am asking you to please suspend collection actions against my father until I have a job that will pay me enough to make the payments myself.
I always believed getting an education was the only way to succeed in life. Now I regret it every single day.
Sincerely,
Deena DeNaro
Durham, NC 27701
Joel Roache
This week I had to call the gentleman who services my furnace. He is in his seventies, and it is hard for him to walk and even harder for him to climb up and down peoples’ stairs. I asked him when he was going to retire. “Can’t afford it!” he said. Forty years ago he bought into some kind of insurance deal and started paying $50. Not even pin money on Wall St., but he paid it every month for forty years, almost 500 months. At the end, because of systematic excessive risk and fraud in the financial system, he received from this investment the grand total of $5,000. He probably doesn’t know much about the details of the Grand Casino that our financial system has become, but he knows enough to diagnose the problem: “They’re all crooks.” The rest of us are also figuring it out in growing numbers, and we are on our way.…
Joel Roache
Salisbury, MD 21801
Anonymous
To: Jay Mandelbaum, JP Morgan Chase
Dear Jay,
I just wanted to thank you for giving me a mortgage I couldn’t afford in 2006. I was naïve. I had never bought a house before; but luckily I had a mortgage broker who was making a large amount of money for securing a very high mortgage for me and my family. You see, we lived in Florida and in 2006, I was afraid if we didn’t buy a home immediately, we would be locked out forever. Again, I was young and naïve and didn’t understand what it would mean for the “bubble to burst.”
My mortgage broker assured me that we had sufficient income to buy this house and the bank agreed. We were making about $50,000 annually as a married couple with one child. Our 1,200 square-foot, two-bedroom, two-bathroom house was $165,000. We thought the right thing to do would be to put our savings into the home and pay 20% down. So that’s what we did. We also put $10,000 in upgrades and repairs so we could increase the equity in our home. After all, our home was the safest place to put it, right? It was all relative to the market and the market was doing fantastic. We could even make money off of our home someday. We weren’t planning to do this, but what a great option to have. We escrowed our taxes and insurance and our payment was $900 month. A little steep for our modest income, but we were going to make it work no matter what. They also sold us a fifty-year mortgage to lower the payment. But it was a fixed rate and we were told this was what we wanted in order to have a predictable mortgage, so we felt comfortable. After all, we were going to live here forever or for a long time. And in ten or so years, we should have some decent equity in the home and might even be able to sell it.
But then our taxes went up and so did our insurance, and our payment went up to $1,700 month. It was also peculiar that only $15 per month of that amount was going to principal and the rest to interest. That’s when I learned that we had a negative amortization loan. We would never really be able to outrun the interest because we would never pay enough on principal. We didn’t have anything extra to send in with a $1,700 month payment. Talk about some serious stress at this point. We’ll just cut back, we thought. We shut off our cable, got rid of our cell phones. Bought cheap food. But we couldn’t make it happen.
Two years into the mortgage, and after our mortgage had been sold three times, we asked for a loan modification. We were told we weren’t behind in payments, so we had to stop sending them. The representative said we should save those payments because we would use them for a new down payment when we were approved for the modification. So we did exactly as we were told. But, once we were assigned to a modification caseworker, we could never get her on the phone. Ever. It took six months for first contact. Then, we were served foreclosure papers. I begged and pleaded and frantically reminded the call center representatives every day that we had only done what we were told. I advised [them] we had saved all of the payments and had six months’ worth of payments in the bank that I would hand over now. They said they could not accept payments on a property in foreclosure.
We hired an attorney and they eventually offered to modify the loan after a couple of years of fighting it, but we would also owe $8,000 in their attorney’s fees. We were not willing to do this, since we had only done what they advised us to do. We realized later that we had a mortgage servicer, who was on your side, Mr. Bank Official, not ours. So, we were treated like criminals every time we talked to someone at the servicer. You were, after all, the servicer’s client. I was not.
Our home has been worth $60,000 since 2008. We put down $30,000, completed $10,000 in upgrades in the first year and paid $40,000 in payments in the first two years before the modification mess occurred. Our total investment: $80,000. The house is worth $60,000 and we now owe more than we financed due to late fees, attorney’s fees, and mortgage payments. We have been forced into bankruptcy because there is no other option at this point. Sure, one of the many servicers that have managed our loan has offered us a modification, but we would have to sign our rights to bankruptcy away, pay their attorney’s fees, and accept many other conditions that our attorneys have advised us to not agree to.
We take responsibility for not educating ourselves more before we entered into the very serious contract of mortgaging a home. We wish the industry would have taken this contract much more seriously as well. If they had, they would have denied us the loan, knowing very well that we would not be able to sustain the payments long-term. I also wish there were requirements such as classes that better explain things like what a rise in escrow cost might mean for the bottom line of your mortgage payment. We must have asked twenty times at closing what our final payment would be and we were told over and over: $900. We were never told that our exemptions were different than those of the widow who sold us the home, so our escrow would increase for the negative amount as well as an additional collection to pad for the following year. But we should have researched more before entering into such a serious agreement.
Thank you again for ruining our financial life. We have gained much experience, and for that we are thankful. We know that owning an overpriced mortgage on a devalued home is not our American Dream. We know that we will never borrow money from anyone for anything ever again. We know that our possessions do not define us, but our ability to survive and learn and love does. We know that we are blessed to have jobs and families that love us. We know that we are so sorry you could not take our payments when you made a mistake because we wanted to honor our debts, even if it was a nightmare situation. Most of all, we know that we will be okay because our money and possessions do not define us, but our integrity and compassion do. We wish the same for you and your employees and hope you can someday learn the lessons we have.
Anonymous
To: Susan S. Bies, Bank of America
Dear Ms. Bies:
I read that a lot of Wall Street executives do not understand why the Occupy Wall Street protesters are doing this. I thought it might help if you knew a little about life in a different part of America.
I live in a small town in Illinois. Years ago there was a manufacturing plant here and a thriving downtown business district. But the manufacturing work moved overseas, where I’m sure it could be done more cheaply, and the plant closed.
Over the years, we have lost most of the local businesses, including both of our grocery stores. In the last few months, the pharmacy and hardware store closed. Our newspaper had to lay off all but one part-time employee. Our school district is in desperate financial straits—they have cut spending so deeply that there is now only one English teacher for the entire high school. And still, the board just received a projection that it will run out of money to operate the schools within two years.
Almost 15% of us are out of work—and that doesn’t include many of us who are employed at minimum wage ($8.75/ hour) jobs like clerking at Walmart, which is an hour round-trip drive from here with gas at $3.40. More than half of the children at the school qualify for free or reduced lunches because their family incomes are so low. Our food pantry says it served over 10% of the families in our community in the last year. Imagine that you’ve worked hard all your life and now, with your children watching, you have to line up for a handout at the food pantry.
There are coffee cans on the counter of the convenience store for people with cancer or injured kids without medical insurance. You throw in your change and hope it will help somehow.
Our neighbors, with teenagers our children grew up with, are about to be evicted from their house. Their car was repossessed. Their father works in construction, and there hasn’t been much of that going on since the real estate market crashed, which you may remember. Whose fault was that—his? He does any work he can get now, and so does his wife. They can’t get enough to keep a roof over their heads.
People have nowhere to live, while houses stand empty. Teachers have been thrown out of work, while the school has no one to teach the kids. The road to the town north of us is closed indefinitely because the bridge is unsafe. We have people in town with the skills to fix it who need the work desperately, but there is no money to pay for it.
I have had the privilege of relatively high-paying work at times in my life, and I know that being comfortable or well-off can insulate a person from the reality that others are not. You’re working hard, you feel you deserve to be well paid, and everyone else should just do the same. But that is an easy and false conclusion—most people do not have the opportunity you have been fortunate to receive.
I hope this picture of how some of the other 99% are doing sheds light on what Occupy Wall Street is all about. The enormous disparity of incomes in this country is unjust and growing. People in your world are doing great (from what we hear, “great” doesn’t begin to describe it), while the rest of us are going down. It is a disaster and it cannot continue.
Pamila Payne
I knew I couldn’t afford a house, but I hoped that someday if I kept working hard, I’d be able to. Those zero-money-down, everybody-qualifies loan offers flooded my mailbox, but I didn’t bite because I knew my income couldn’t carry that much debt.
I’ve been a renter my whole life. Thanks to the actions of a greedy few, the economy has tanked and living the American Dream is farther out of reach for people like me than ever.
When people play by the rules but don’t get rewards, and see others cheating and being rewarded despite the harm they cause, deep, seething anger is the result.
This social movement to hold financial institutions accountable for wrongdoing and to create a system of economic justice for all is just getting started.
We will create change because we’re not just disaffected hippies. We’re the disaffected middle class. And we’re huge.
Like a large majority of the middle class, I don’t have a ton of money in one of your banks, but I have a regular paycheck and savings that I cultivate consistently. Very soon, I’ll be closing my accounts and moving to a credit union or a small community bank. I’ll do everything I can, socially, politically, and economically, to help move the society I live in out of corporate domination and into a state of proper democracy where citizens can play by fair rules and reap earned rewards.
I’m willing to wait for my house. I’m willing to work for a better future not just for myself, but for future generations as well. There’s a lot of people like me out there.
How many of you are there? What are you willing to work for?
Pamila Payne
Los Angeles, CA 90068