| ANRW | Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt, eds H. Temporini and W. Haase (Berlin and New York, 1972– ) |
| CAH | The Cambridge Ancient History, 2nd edn, vols 12 and 13, eds Averil Cameron et al (Cambridge, 1997, 2005) |
| CIL | Corpus of Latin Inscriptions. Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, eds T. Mommsen et al, currently 17 multi-part vols (1893– ) |
| CTh | Theodosian Code. The Theodosian Code and Novels and the Sirmondian Constitution, trans. C. Pharr (Princeton, 1952) |
| DOP | Dumbarton Oaks Papers (Cambridge, MA and Washington, DC, 1941– ) |
| HE | Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History. Eusebius, History of the Church, trans. G. A. Williamson (Harmondsworth, 1965) |
| ILS | Selected Latin Inscriptions. Inscriptiones latinae selectae, 5 vols, ed. H. Dessau (Berlin, 1892–1916) |
| JRS | Journal of Roman Studies |
| PLRE | Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol 1, eds A. H. M. Jones, J. R. Martindale and J. Morris (Cambridge, 1971) |
| RIB | The Inscriptions of Roman Britain, I. Inscriptions on Stone, eds R. G. Collingwood and R. P. Wright, 2nd edn with addenda and corrigenda by R. S. O. Tomlin (Stroud, 1995) |
| RIC | The Roman Imperial Coinage, eds H. Mattingley et al, 10 vols (London, 1923–94) |
| VC | Eusebius, Life of Constantine, trans. Averil Cameron and S. G. Hall (Oxford, 1999) |