INDEX
Abdel (prisoner), 4
Abdel-Tawwab, Essam, 144
Abouhalima, Mahmud, 145
Abu Ghraib prison, 148, 155-63, 187, 224, 225, 244, 246, 258
Abu Nidal terror network, 134, 137
“Abu Omar.” See Nasr, Osama
abuse, vs. torture, 157
ACARS (aircraft system), 114-15
access, to information, in U.S., 249
accountability, 149, 223-24, 234-35, 260
al-Adel, Saif, 51
al-Adly, Habib, xi, 198
Aero Contractors Ltd., 28, 118, 125-28, 142,248
Afghanistan, 13-14, 21, 39, 48-49, 174, 239
“agents of influence,” 10
Agiza, Ahmed, ix, 28-37, 113, 231
Ahmed, Rabei Osman Sayed, 199-200
Air America, 12-13, 16, 20, 107-8, 125-28
airplanes, tracking of, 114-15
air traffic control centers, 116
air transport, 12
Aischa (wife of Khaled el-Masri), 83, 85-86, 93
AK47 assault rifle, 50
“Alex” station, 139
Al Farouk Camp, 50
el-Alfi, Hassan, xi, 141
Al Haramain, 83
Alimov (dissident), 179
Almalki, Abdullah, ix, 3, 66-67, 68, 75, 77-78, 241, 243
Alpha (Tier 1 section), 157, 162
Al Qaeda, 14, 16, 37, 38, 54, 66, 72, 83, 87, 130, 131, 135, 137, 140, 144-45, 158-59, 235, 239, 249, 251, 252-54
Bush authorizes assassination of senior leadership, 6
extreme threat of, and validity of “crossing the line,” 225
Geneva Conventions not applicable to, 40, 164-69, 216-17, 271
Alvarez-Machain, Dr., 135
Ambrosio, Stefano, 268
American Enterprise Institute, 237
Amnesty International, 33-34, 60, 72
Analyst's Notebook (software), 120
Andersen, Michael, 181-82, 187
Andersson, Arne, 37
Andersson, Gun-Britt, 32
anonymous sources, 110, 111, 112
al-Aqrab (“The Scorpion“), 19, 31
Arabic language, 240
Arab-Israeli peace process, 256
Arab nationalists, 245
Arab regimes, Islamic insurgency desire to overthrow, 252, 255
Arar, Maher, ix, 2-3, 5-7, 20, 62-78, 117, 120-22, 128, 219, 233, 241, 243, 266
lawsuit against U.S., 219, 265
arrests, of terrorists, European complicity in, 232-33
arrest warrants, 212
Ashcroft, John, x, 45-47, 54-55, 69, 151
Asma (wife of al-Assad), 5, 6, 71
al-Assad, Bashar, xi, 5-6, 71-73
al-Assad, Basil, 71
Assistair, 101
Associated Press (AP), 32-33, 162
Atlantic Monthly, 148
Atta, Mohamed, 85, 88, 95, 146
Attash, Hassan bin, 231
Attiya, Shawki, 144
“autumn of anger,” 169
Avazov, Fatima, 177
Avazov, Muzafar, 177, 178, 179
Aviation Specialties Inc.,
Aziz, Tariq, 73
B52 bombers, 105
Ba'athist Party (Syrian), 68, 72
backlash, 12-13, 21-22, 158-59, 168-69, 217
from Abu Ghraib scandal, 158-59
against post-9/11 tactics, 21-22, 168-69, 217
Baden, Michael, 163
Bagram airbase, 43, 50, 56, 239
Bahaa (prisoner), 4
Bali bombing, 253
al-Banna, Jamil, 233
Barah (prisoner), 4
Barbara P., 205
Barry, John, 119
The Battle of Algiers (film), 244-45
BBC, 211
Bellinger, John, 267
Berger, Samuel “Sandy,” x, 131, 132
Berisha, Sali, 143
Berlin Wall, 14
Berlusconi, Silvio, xi, 212, 266
Binalshibd, Ramzi, 46, 52, 85, 95, 224
bin Laden, Osama, ix, 16, 33, 43, 46, 50, 130-32, 136-37, 143, 150, 161, 239, 249, 251, 252-53, 261
fatwa of, 143
growing threat and surveillance of, 1990s, 130-32
Biondani, Paolo, 207
“Birmel,” 51
Blackman, J. Scott, 68
“black sites,” 87, 181, 224, 227, 239
Blair, Tony, xii, 5-6, 172-73, 234, 257
Boeing 737 Business Jet (BBJ), CIA's, ix, 79, 80-81, 82, 86, 93, 101, 118, 119, 123, 124-25, 127, 161, 211, 271
Borsellino, Paolo, 203
“The Boss,” 57
Boston Globe, 32
Boston Red Sox, 123
Boucher, Richard, 188
Bowden, Mark, Black Hawk
Down, 148
Brennan, Phil, 127
Brezhnev, Leonid, 13
objections to U.S. rendition program, 228-29
Britel, Abu al-Kassem, 60, 231
British Army, 229
British Embassy, Tashkent, 170
British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS) (aka MI6), 14, 46, 171, 180, 182
British Security Service (MI5), 233
“broad constitutional power,” 226
“The Broken Promise” (Swedish documentary), 36-37, 113-14
Brownback, Peter, 273
Bukharbaeva, Galima, 188
Bush, George H. W., 9-10, 136, 138
Bush, George W., x, 5, 6, 21, 37-38, 73, 94, 146, 149-52, 155-56, 214-15, 222-24, 226, 237-38, 255, 271, 273-74
answers to questions about rendition and torture, 214-15, 222-24
claim that Geneva Conventions do not apply post-911, 224, 267
sign-off on each rendition operation, 151
ultimatum to world about help in fight against terror, 37-38
Bybee, Jay S., x, 165
“C” (head of Ml6), 182
C123 cargo plane, 109
C130 Hercules cargo planes, 124, 127
Cabana, Michel, 77
Calipari, Nicola, 210
caliphate, 251
Cambodia, 13
Campbell, Alastair, 6
Camp Peary (“the Farm” aka Isolation), 106
Camp Penny Pozzi, 161
Camp Stronghold Freedom, 175
Canadian consul in Syria, 5
Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS), xi, 65, 74
Carlos the Jackal, 228
Castelli, Roberto, 212
Castro, Fidel, 11
CBS, 155
Center for Constitutional Rights(CCR), 134
Center for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence, 32
Cerrillo, Dan, 161
Chandrasekaran, Rajiv, 111
Chechnya, 48, 49, 96, 174, 251
chemical/biological weapons, 71
China, 189
Chirac, Jacques, 37
“Chuck,” 53
Church, Albert, 166
CIA, 9, 16-22, 93-94, 99, 106-9, 127-28, 140-41, 150, 151, 158, 180-82, 186-88, 197, 200-206, 207-9, 211, 213, 218-35, 250, 267, 275
Church investigation, 108
covert operations, 10, 13, 134
interrogation techniques post-9 1 1, 166-68, 224-26
justification for, after fall of Soviet Union, 14
prisoners in custody of, 239-41
rendition by, 16-22, 140-41, 181-82, 187-88, 219-35
CIA planes, 101-2, 106-9, 115, 119, 161, 248
flight patterns not “blocked” for security, 115, 119
Clarke, Richard C, x, 129-30, 131, 132, 137, 143, 146
clean capture, 134
“clean skins,” 253
Clinton, William J., x, 14, 16, 131, 132, 133, 136, 137, 138, 140, 145, 215, 216, 237-38
Coats, Daniel, 100
“Cobb, Erin Marie,” 124
“Coca-Cola jihad,” 252
code words, 116
“coercive” interrogations, 148
Collins, Shirley, 135
effectiveness of torture for obtaining, 242, 260-61
Congressional oversight committees, 151
Convention Against Torture, 228
Counterterrorism Security Group (CSG), 131
Counter-Terrorist Center (CTC), 94, 133, 143, 151, 174, 211
covert action, 10-15, 20-22, 132
Crawshaw, Steve, 189
Cressey, Roger, 138
Croatia, 201
Crowell Aviation, 124
Cuban regime, 11
CX traffic, 180
Daily Record (Scotland), 6
Damascus Spring, 72
Dambruoso, Stefano, 193-95, 203
Day, Stockwell, 266
Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), 100
Dehavilland Twin Otter, 105-6, 124
Delta Forces, 232
Deutch, John M., x, 137
Devon Holding and Leasing, 124
Diaz, Walter, 162
dictatorships, 255
DIGOS (Italian), 194-95, 199-213, 266
Dilawar (taxi driver), 166
“diplomatic assurances,” 222-24
Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST), 60
dirty bomb plot, 45-47, 51, 6l
disruption, of terrorist cells, in early renditions, 225, 238-40
drowning, simulated, 221
Drug Enforcement Agency, 134
drugging prisoners, 27, 83, 86, 89
drugs as torture, 59
drug war, 125
Drumheller, Tyler, 276
Duffield, Linda, 182
Duffin, John, 209
Eastern Europe, 85
East German secret service, 3
Egypt, 15, 28, 30-31, 36, 39, 41-44, 136, 142, 198-99, 215, 222, 223, 239, 255
assurances given to U.S., as to nonuse of torture, 41, 215
terrorism in, 41
torture endemic in, 41-44, 142, 198-99, 223
Egyptian general intelligence service (EGIS), 30, 31, 141, 200
Egyptian Ministry of Information, 30
Egyptian Ministry of Interior, 141
Egyptian State Security (ESS), 30
Egypt's Thirteenth Superior Military Court, 36
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 12
Elbadry, Mohamed Reda, 196, 197-99
embassy bombings, 253
“enemy combatants,” 15
enforcement, 35
England, Nigel, 69
“enhanced interrogation,” 224, 261
Essex, USS, 135
Eurocontrol, 232
Europe
complicity in U.S. rendition programs, 228-35
European Convention on Human Rights, 232, 234
European Court of Human Rights 229
Executive Order 123 (1981), 134
extradition, 135
extralegal system, 38
extraordinary rendition, 38-40, 110, 132, 135, 139, 140, 237-38, 249
“Fairing, Captain James,” ix, 80, 81, 82, 86, 102, 265
Faizullaev, Alisher, 179
Falcone, Giovanni, 203
Farsi language, 240
Fay, George, 158
FBI, 132-34, 193, 200, 202, 260
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 27, 113, 115
federal law (U.S.), 9
Ferghana Valley massacre, 181, 188-89
Financial Times, 188
Finn, Peter, 111
“flap,” 11
Flight Explorer, 115
FLN (National Liberation Front), 245, 246
Forbes, Tyrone, 48
forced confessions, 43, 44, 50, 52, 59, 61, 74-77, 90, 170-72, 177, 180, 189, 260-61
Ford, Gerald, 13
Foreign Military Financing, 42
Foreign Office (London), 179-80, 182, 184-88
“freedom” (al-Zawahiri's definition), 252
Freedom of Information Act, 115
Frost, Jeffrey, 162
the future, proposals for dealing with terrorism, 250-62
Gama‘a al‘Islamiyya, 31, 139-40, 200, 202
Geneva Conventions, 15, 37, 40, 42, 87, 148, 164-69, 215-18, 271, 273, 275
Supreme Court ruling on applicability of, to Al Qaeda, 267
U.S. abandonment of, post-911, 40, 42, 164-69, 215-18
George, Alan, 108
Gerecht, Reuel Marc, 149, 247, 256, 259
German government, 4, 93, 98-101, 210, 230
German intelligence service (BND), 4, 91, 99, 265
Ghailani, Ahmed Khalfan, 239
ghost planes, ix, 80
Gnjidic, Manfred, 98
Gonzales, Alberto, x, 164, 216, 218, 221-22, 226, 235
Goss, Porter, x, 16, 137, 223-24, 234-35
“the Grave” (Syria), 2
Great Game, 173
Greece, 189
Ground Zero, 109
Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, 15, 16, 39-40, 46, 51, 56, 87, 109, 114, 164-69, 239, 242, 246, 258
Guardia Civil (Spain), 101
Guardian (London), 186
Guatemala, 12
guilty until proven innocent, 63
“Gulag Archipelago,” 16-18, 260
Gulbohar, Afghanistan, 105
Gulfstream Executive jets, ix, 4, 19-20, 25, 27, 28, 45, 55, 62, 69-70, 86, 101, 106, 111, 112, 114, 117-18, 120-24, 126, 127, 142, 159, 161, 181, 206, 207, 210, 211, 219, 271
Habibullah, Mullah, 166
Halim, Abdel, 4
Hambali (Riduan Isamuddin), 224
Harbaugh, Ray, 204
Harman, Sabrina, 155
Harper, Stephen, 266
Harty, Ben A., 211
Hasenfus, Eugene, 109
Hayat, Makhdoom Syed Faisal Saleh, xi, 44
Hay den, Michael, 274
Hekmatya faction, 65
Herat (Afghanistan), 196
Hersh, Seymour, 155
Hettena, Seth, 162
Hitler, Adolf, 273
Hizb-ut-Tahrir al Islami, 177
Hofmann, Martin, 93
the Holocaust, 268
hooding, 229
Hosenball, Mark, 119
House Republican Policy Committee, 127
Human Concern International, 66
human rights, 13, 15, 141-42. 152, 176-78, 180-82, 186-87
human rights activists, 33-34, 101, 260
Hussein, king of Jordan, 125
link to Al Qaeda based on false confession, 243
pressure to find, and intelligence tactics, l6l
rendition operations, 152
rhetoric of democracy and collusion with repressive regimes, 72-73, 255-59
ideological fight against terrorism, 254
Ikonos spy satellite, 1
Imad, Abu, 199
Imad, Imam, 208
Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), 69
Indonesia, 98
informers (CIA), scrub of (1995), 137-38
Insight Team, 109
intelligence, 137, 225, 233, 239
US and UK exchange of, 173
useless, from torture, 242-44, 259
intermediate-range ballistic missiles, 13
International Civilian Aviation Organization (ICAO), 116
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), 39, 40, 216
International Federation of Human Rights, 60
Interpol, 201
interrogation, 40, 157-58, 166-68, 226
outsourcing of, 6l, 87, 138, 240-41, 259-60
intravenous drip, as torture, 59
Iqbal, Muhammad, 117
Iran-Contra affair, 109
Iran hostage affair, 108
invasion of, false intelligence and, 243, 276
effect on terrorist thinking and recruitment, 250, 257
Islamabad, Pakistan, 45
Islamic Army, 207
Islamic Brotherhood, 83
Islamic fundamentalism. 13-14, 42, 177
Islamic Jihad, 33, 36, 96, 144
Islamic militants, 15, 72, 131, 136, 181-82, 245, 251, 252, 254, 255, 256-57
recruitment in Middle East, 255
Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, 174, 188
Italian military intelligence (SISMI), 212, 268-69
investigation of Abu Omar kidnapping case, 193-213
Jack M., 118
al-Jamadi, Manadel, ix, 156, 160, 161-63
Jaslyk prison, 177
Jenner mosque (Milan), 194, 197, 202, 208
“Jenny,” 53
JFK International Airport, 20
manual on, 264
John (British interrogator), 53
Johnston County, N.C., Airport, 28, 106, 118, 125, 142, 248
Jonsson, Kjell, 28, 32, 34, 36, 117
Kafka, Franz, 95
Kanaan. Ghazi, 71
Kandahar, 132
Karachi airport, 27
Karimov, Islam, xii, 172, 173-75, 176-78, 180-82, 183, 186-87
Karpinski, Janis, l6l
Kenner, Jason, 162
Kerv. Illinois, 135
Khadr, Ahmad Said, 66
Khalil, Abdulkarim, 48
Khalil, Hassan, xi, 75
Khobat Towers (Saudi Arabia), 143
Khoury, Mr., 70
Khudoberganov, Isanker, 175-77
Khyber Pass, 13
Kidd, Michael, 182
Kidnapping Act, 135
King, Jr., Henry, 273
King, Larry, 133
King Canute defense, 227
Kuwait, 255
Laanigri, Hamidou, 60
Lady, Robert Seldon, x, 202-3, 205-11, 267-69
Lake, Anthony, 131
Larnaca, Cyprus, 132
law, matters of, vs. matters of policy, 167
laws of war, 40
lawyers, sign off on extraordinary rendition, 140-41
Leahy, Senator Patrick, 218, 273
behavior not covered by, 226
Le Monde, 257
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich, 17
“lethal findings,” 10
“liaison,” 11, 138, 243, 255, 259
al-Libi, Ibn al-Sheikh, 43, 58, 152, 243, 275
Libya, 239
of Bush, Rice, and Goss, 235
“lily pad,” 175
Lindh, Anna, 28
Lionheart, 187
Liver more, Dan, 77
“local intelligence services,” 255-56
London underground suicide bombings, 213, 253
Los Angeles Times, 75, 148
loud noises, 234
Lundstrom, Mikael, 112
al-Maati, Ahmed, ix, 67, 74-75, 77-78, 241, 243
al-Maati, Badr, 66
MacArthur Justice Center, 43
Mackey, Chris, 259
Madni, Muhammad Saad Iqbal, 111, 231
Madrid train bombings, 199, 253
Mail on Sunday, 187
al-Manaar mosque (London), 48
Mancini, Marco, 268
Mango Cafe (Ottawa), 67
Marighella, Carlos, 245
Marriott Son Antem, 101
Martin, Brian, 108
“Marwan,” 56
al-Masri, Khalid (“Hamburg Khalid”), 94-95
el-Masri, Khaled, ix, 80, 82-102, 119, 128, 159, 228, 230, 234, 241, 247, 264-66
lawsuit against the CIA, 265
Massoud, Ahmad Shah, 33
Mazar al Sharif, 105
McCain, John, 218, 222, 226-27, 234, 246
McChesney, John, 162
McGuiness, Mary Ellen, 112
Megale, Bruno, xi, 195, 199-213
Mehdi Army, 159
Melin, Mats, 37
Memorandum of Notification, 143, 149
men in black masks, 26, 27, 47
Merkel, Angela, 94
Meroni, Massimo, 193
Messick, Graham, 119
Metropolitan Detention Center (Brooklyn), 68
Meyer, Jane, 162
Middle East, 242
political freedom banned in, 255
Milan, Italy, 119, 190, 193, 267-70
military-backed regimes, 255
Military Commissions Act, 273
Military Intelligence interrogators, 157-58
Milosevic, Slobodan, 16
Mirsaidov, Jamal, 183
Mirsaidov, Shukrat, 183
Mirziyaev, Shavkat, xii, 183
al-Moayad, Sheikh Mohammed Ali Hassan, 145
“Mohamed,” 56
Mohamed, Ahmed, 47
Mohamed, Benhur, 49
Mohamed, Binyam, ix, 45-61, 81, 86, 87, 89-90, 128, 159-60, 168, 229, 231, 241, 271
diary of torture, 53-54, 56-59
Mohamed the prophet, 251
Mohamed VI, king of Morocco, 55
Mohammad, Jamil Qasim Saeed, 110-11, 231
Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh, x, 46, 51, 52-53, 54, 58, 87, 143, 168, 181, 224, 242-43, 250, 270
Monia Mazigh (Maher Arrar's wife), 64, 75-78
Montevideo, Uruguay, 11
Moran, Karen, 176
Morse, Phillip H., 123
mosques, 255
Mubanga, Martin, 231
Mubarak, Hosni, xi, 141, 251, 256
Mudoy, Miguel, 81
Mueller, Robert, 43
Mujehedin, 13-14, 126, 136, 252
Murray, Craig, xi, 170-73, 175-88, 189, 243, 256
speech at Freedom House launch, Uzbekistan, 179-80
Musharraf, Pervez, xi, 72
Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan), 68, 72, 85
“mute collaboration,” 180
My Lai massacre (Vietnam), 155
N312ME, 248
N313P, 79
N379P, 25, 37, 45, 111, 112-13
N85VM, 123
Nadira, Murray's affair, 183, 187
al-Naggar, Ahmed, 144
Najim, Eyad Mahmoud Ismail, 145
narcotics, war against, 14
al-Nashiri, Abd al-Rahim, 239, 274
Nasr, Osama (aka “Abu Omar“), ix, 123, 190-213, 230, 231, 258, 266
National Public Radio, 162
national security, 127, 227, 265
as grounds for dismissing lawsuits for rendition, 265
National Security Archive, 12
National Security Council, 131, 141, 151, 211, 258
NewsMax.com, 127
news media, articles pointing to U.S. rendition operations, 109-12
New Statesman, 37, 114, 159, 173
The News International, 110-11
New York City Bar Association, 134
The New Yorker, \6l
The New York Times, 6, 90, 94, 124, 125, 127, 149, 211, 223, 227
New York University Law School, 134
Nicaragua, 13
9/11 Commission Report, 55, 94, 243
9/11 terrorist attacks, 3-4, 14-15, 42, 111-12, 146-47, 253, 257-58
Nixon, Richard, 13
NKVD, 242
Nolte, Georg, 232
nonmilitary personnel, 218
North, Oliver, 131
Northern Alliance, 105, 132, 174
Northern Ireland campaign, 229
Northern League, 212
North Korea, 5
Norway, 99
O’Connor, Dennis, 266
O’Connor, Sandra Day, 168
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 10
Oklahoma City bombing, 136
Olshansky, Barbara, 134, 135-36
Omayad Square, 1
O'Neill, Jeffrey C, 69
one-party states, 255
Operation Goldenrod, 133
Operation PB Success, 12
Operation Sphinx, 200
operatives, 142
organized crime, war against, 14
Osama bin Laden (OBL) unit (CIA), 138-39, 140, 142
Osman, Hussain, 213
other government agencies (OGA) (aka CIA), 157
outsourcing, 10-14, 21, 6l, 87, 106, 128, 138, 149, 221-22, 224, 239, 240-41, 244, 259-60
of CIA covert operations, 10-14
of intelligence, affecting quality of, 128, 244
of interrogation, 6l, 87, 138, 240-41, 259-60
of torture, 21, 106, 221-22, 239
al-'Owhali, Mohamed Rashed Daoud, 145
Paddington Green College (London), 48
Padilla, Jose, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52-53, 54, 58, 61, 243
Pakistan, 27, 39, 132, 174, 181
Pakistan International Airlines, 47
Palestine Branch, 1-7, 55, 67, 73-74, 75, 242
“Palestinian hanging,” 162
paramilitary operations, 10, 28, 106, 107
Parsley Island, 55
part-time agents (CIA), 137-38
Path Corporation, 124
Patton, George, 255
People's Democratic Party (Uzbekistan), 176
Pew Global Attitudes Project, 255
phone tap evidence, 260
physical stress positions, 225, 229
Pignero, Gustavo, 268
Pillarella, Franco, xi, 77
Pironi, Luciano, 268
Plakias, Dean, 113
plane spotters, 114
police brutality, not “torture,” per U.S. State Department, 218-19
as inspiration in war against terrorism, 254-55
vs. law, 220
Pontecorvo, Gillo, 244
Pope Air Force Base, 142
pornography, as torture, 59
post-traumatic stress disorder, 78
Potter, Harry, 18
Powell, Colin, xi, 55, 164, 243, 253, 276
Predator spy plane flights, 129, 130, 146, 174
Premier Executive Transport, Massachusetts, 25, 27, 45, 79, 113, 118, 119, 124, 211
approval of covert action, 10
“no other option” argument, 236-37
Presidential Aviation, Inc., Florida, 62, 69, 122
Presidential Decision Directive (PDD-39), 136
Presidential Decision Directive (PDD-62), 143
Prestwick, Scotland, 231
Priest, Dana, 232
Primakov, 174
prisoners, 38-40, 239, 240-41, 264-65
coming forth with accounts of rendition, 264-65
post-911 numbers of, unmanageable by CIA, 240-41
three types of, 239
prisoners of war, 163-69, 216, 217
Al Qaeda and Taliban not qualifying as, 216
prison network, U.S. global, 2, 15-19, 21-22, 87, 109, 128, 168-69, 239-40
“probable cause,” 131
Prodi, Romano, 269
propaganda, 254
Purvis, George, 204
Pushtun language, 240
al-Qahtani, Muhammed, 217
al-Qasimi, Abu Talal (aka Talaat Fouad Qassem), 142, 201
“Quincannon, Philip,” 124, 211
Qutb, Sayid, 26l
Rabat, Morocco, 19
Rabbani, Burhanuddin, 105
Ranstorp, Magnus, 32
Rapid Air Transport, 124
rapid deployment flexible warfare, 175
al-Rawi, Bisher, 233
al-Rawi, Wahab, 233
Reagan National Airport, 108
Red Brigades, 212
religious fundamentalism, 251-52
rendition, 16, 36-41, 73, 109, 114, 128, 131-36, 138-46, 149-52, 159-61, 169, 189, 207, 209, 213, 214-35, 237-41, 246-47, 258-67, 273, 275
Clinton's hybrid strategy, 145
counterproductivity of, 213, 246-47, 259-60
genesis of, 131-32, 138, 149-52
legality of, 40-41, 145, 214-35, 260
post-911, 136, 145, 149-52, 239-41
pre-911, 133-36, 139-46, 216, 239, 241
three types of, 239
Ressam, Ahmed, 65
Rhyne, Jim, ix, 125
Rice, Condoleezza, x, xi, 90, 94, 151, 228, 233-35
Rich, Marc. 133
ricin plot, 253
“Riva Beniamino.” 204
rock music as torture, 59, 199
Roman Empire, 10
Romano, Joseph, III, 204
Rome, Italy, 211
Romper Room, l6l
Rowley, Coleen, 46
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), xi, 65, 66, 75, 77, 266
rumors, 110
Rumsfeld, Donald, x, 15, 89, 157, 164, 165, 175
Russia, 189
Saddam International Airport, l6l
Safir, Howard, 133
Saleh, Ahmed, 144
Salem, Shawki. 194
Salioum, George, xi, 2, 3, 75, 76
Sandinista government, 13
Sands, Alex, 15
“Sarah,” 56
Saratoga, USS, 133
Savimbi, Jonas, 125
“Scarface,” 56
Scheuer, Michael, x, 138-41, 152, 212, 219, 223, 227-28, 235, 237, 238, 256, 257, 268
Schily, Otto, 100
“scrub” (1995), 137
SFALS (Navy), 156
U.S., in war on terror, 249
secret prisons (CIA), 232
“security check,” 26
Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 237
Senate Intelligence Committee, 138,223
severe psychological threats, 225
Seyam, Reda, 85-86, 89, 93, 96, 97, 98, 99
Sgrena, Giuliana, 210
Shane, Scott, 125
Shaqawi, Abduh Ali, 231
Sheehan, Michael, xi, 129-30, 131, 132, 141, 146, 245
Shelby, Richard, 138
Sheraton Hotel (Damascus), 1
“shouting at people,” 225
show trials, 242
silence, 227
Skopje, Macedonia, 82
Slahi, Mohammed, 231
sleep deprivation, 221, 225, 229, 234
Smith, Clive Stafford, 49-50, 52, 56, 60-61
Smithfield, North Carolina, 20
solitary confinement, 225
Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 16-18, 242
Somalia, 132
South America, 245
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, 108
Soviet Union, 13-14, 16-18, 71
Spanish Inquisition, 260
Spanish police, 200
Spann, Mike, 106
Spataro, Armando, xi, 118-19, 123, 193-200, 203-13, 268-69
Special Forces, 28
special operations, 131
Special Operations covert fusion group - Task Force 121 (TF 121), 160-61
Special Operations Group (CIA paramilitary arm), 106, 142
“special relationship” (US and UK). 173
“spring of doubt,” 169
Stalin, 242
“state secrets,” as grounds for dismissing lawsuits for rendition, 265
Stevens Express Leasing of Tennessee, 101, 118, 124, 126
Straw, Jack, xii, 54, 170, 182, 188, 189, 229
Sudan, 39
Suez canal, 256
suffocation, 225
Suleiman, Omar, xi, 31, 44, 141, 144-45
Sunday Times (London), 55, 109, 118, 119, 206, 207, 208
Sunni Triangle, 159
Swedish Aliens Act, 28
Swedish security police (SAPO), 26, 28, 37
Syria, 4-6, 7, 39, 68-69, 71-73, 239, 255, 258
Syrian TV, 1
al-Tabligh, 48
Taguba, Antonio M., 156, 157, 166
Taha, Rifa Ahmed (Abu Yasser), 200
al-Tajer, Mustafa, 73
Tajikistan, 174
Taliban, 15, 37, 65, 85, 105, 132, 164-69, 174, 216-17, 239, 251
Geneva Conventions not applicable to, 164-69, 216-17
Tarifa, Antonio, 101
Tarnak Farm (near Kandahar), 130
Tate, Julie, 124
Tech Central Station, 127
Temara prison, 60
Tenet, George, x, 39, 90, 141, 142, 145, 149, 275-76
Tepper Aviation of Florida, 108, 127
war against, 5, 6, 40, 168, 216, 251
West's approach to, for the future, 250-62
cells, rendition primary goal to disrupt, 238-40
isolating, 246
provocation of governments to use repressive measures, to gain popular support, 245-46
“Terry,” 53
Thailand, 39
“Thomas V,” 91
Thompson, Larry, x, 68
372nd Military Police Company, 156-57, 162
“ticking bomb” scenarios, 244
The Times (London), 186
“Timofte Mihai,” 204
Tita, Mohamed Hassan, 144
Torah Prison (Egypt), 19, 31-32, 34-35, 87
torture, 6, 13, 21-22, 34-37, 63-64, 74, 94, 106, 147-49, 158, 164-69, 177-78, 180-82, 186-87, 189, 214-47, 260-62
counterproductive results of, 229, 241-44
definition of, 21-22, 164-69, 221
evidence obtained under, used by U.S., 182, 189
mental, 6, 59, 63-64, 74, 76, 89, 90, 165, 264
outsourcing of, 21, 106, 221-22, 238
U.S. knowledge of, in rendition programs, 94, 214-35
the torture question, 236
“torture warrants,” 148
Tunisia, 255
205th Military Intelligence Brigade, 166
215th Battalion, 166
Tyrer, Bob, 109
Ulm Multicultural Center (Ulm mosque), 88, 91, 96, 97-99
Ummah (pan-Islamic nation), 252
United Arab Emirates, 85
United Nations, 160
United Nations Committee Against Torture (UNCAT), 34-35
United Nations Convention Against Torture, 68-69
United States, 4-5, 30, 34, 36, 41-42, 50-53, 68-69, 72-75, 78, 91, 94, 147-49, 189, 210, 215, 219-20, 226-35, 255-59, 266
erosion of support for, post-911, 228-35, 258
invisibility of, in covert operations, 34, 36, 42
support for dictatorships in Muslim world, 256
United States State Department, 5
“unlawful combatants,” 239
Urlaeva, Elena, 178
U.S. Air Force, 190
USA Today, 234
U.S. Congress, 266
U.S. Criminal Code, 221
U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), 193
U.S. Federal Courts, 135
U.S. intelligence, 138
U.S. Justice Department (DoJ), 68, 69, 133, 134, 140-41, 163-69
U.S. Marshal Service, 133
U.S. military, 39-40, 165-69. 251-52
U.S. State Department, 178, 189, 270
U.S. Supreme Court, 168, 271-72
U.S. Torture Statute, 221
Uzbekistan, 15, 39, 171, 173-76, 181, 239, 243
importance to CIA, 173-76, 181
Vaihingen, 100
Valles, Matias, 101
Vanezis, Peter, 177
Vanguards of Conquest, 36
Vasiliou, MichalisJ., 211
Vdovna, Larissa, 178
verification, 244
Vienna Convention, 211
violence, 247
Walker, Edward, Jr., xi, 139-42, 222-23, 235, 238, 256
wall standing torture, 229
war on terror, 4-6, 168, 216, 251
counterproductive policies in, 5, 168
war powers, 226
The Washington Post,111, 211, 224, 232
“Watchlist,” 100
“water boarding,” 167, 168. 225, 226
Watergate Hotel scandal, 13
weapons proliferation, 14
Webster, William, 133
Wecht, Cyril, 163
West, Arab admiration of freedom in, 255
Western Alliance, 259
Whitehall Liaison Department, 182
White House, 120, 151, 227-28, 250
rendition policy fully authorized by, 151, 227-28
Wireless Systems Design, 64
witnesses, credible, 110
Wood, Carolyn A., 166
Wood, Michael, 182
Woodward, Bob, 110
World Trade Center 1993 attack on, 137
Yale-Loehr, Stephen, 69
Yousef, Ramzi, 145
Zammar, Mohammed Haydar, 3-4, 77, 241
al-Zarqawi, Abu Musab, x, 196, 202-3, 250
al-Zawahiri, Ayman, ix, 31, 33, 46, 144-45, 246, 249, 252, 261
al-Zawahiri, Husayn, 145
al-Zawahiri, Mohamed, 144
al-Zayat, Montasser, 31, 34-35
ZDF television (Germany), 119
Zenawi, Meles, 275
al-Zery, Mohammed, ix, 28-30, 31-37, 113, 231
Ziglar, James W., 68
Zubaydah, Abu, x, 4, 46, 51, 54, 55, 58, 168, 224, 243
Zweibrücken, 210