Bibliography

All archives consulted are listed in the notes section.

Georgian (Trentham Hall)

Creevey, Thomas. The Creevey Papers (John Murray, London, 1903)

Dickens, Charles. Sketches by Boz (first published 1833–6 in newspapers and periodicals, pbk edn: Penguin, London, 1995)

The Diaries of Sylvester Douglas, Lord Glenbervie (2 vols, Constable, London, 1928)

Letters of Harriet, Countess Granville, 1810–1845 (Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1894)

Henley, Dorothy. Rosalind Howard, Countess of Carlisle (Hogarth Press, London, 1958)

Horn, Pamela. Flunkeys & Scullions: Life Below Stairs in Georgian England (Sutton Publishing, Stroud, 2004)

Huxley, Gervas. Lady Elizabeth and the Grosvenors, Life in a Whig Family 1822–1839 (Oxford University Press, 1965)

Richards, Eric. The Leviathan of Wealth: Sutherland Fortune in the Industrial Revolution (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1973)

Vickery, Amanda. Behind Closed Doors: At Home in Georgian England (Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2009)

Victorian (Uppark)

Briggs, Asa. Victorian Things (Batsford, London, 1988, pbk edn: Penguin, London, 1990)

Flanders, Judith. Consuming Passions: Leisure and Pleasure in Victorian Britain (Harper Press, London, 2006)

———. The Victorian House: Domestic Life from Childbirth to Deathbed (HarperCollins, London, 2003)

Hall, Michael. The Victorian Country House (Aurum Press, London, 2009)

Horn, Pamela. The Rise & Fall of the Victorian Servant (Sutton Publishing, Stroud, 1990, pbk edn: 2004)

May, Trevor. The Victorian Domestic Servant (Shire Publications, Oxford, 2011)

Meade-Fetherstonhaugh, Margaret and Oliver Warner, Uppark and Its People (George Allen & Unwin, London, 1964, pbk edn: Century, London, 1988)

Oppenheim, Janet. Shattered Nerves (Oxford University Press, 1991)

Rowell, Christopher. Uppark (National Trust, 1995)

Summerscale, Kate. Mrs Robinson’s Disgrace: The Private Diary of a Victorian Lady (Bloomsbury, London, 2012)

Wells, H. G. Experiment in Autobiography Vol. I: Discoveries and Conclusions of a Very Ordinary Brain (Since 1866) (Gollancz, London, 1934)

Wells, H. G. Tono-Bungay (Macmillan, London, 1909)

Edwardian (Erddig)

Arthur, Max. Lost Voices of the Edwardians (Harper Perennial, London, 2007)

Crow, Duncan. The Edwardian Woman (George Allen & Unwin, London, 1978)

Garnett, Oliver. Erddig (National Trust, 1995)

Marlow, Joyce, ed. Votes for Women: The Virago Book of Suffragettes (Virago, London, 2001)

Priestley, J. B. The Edwardians (William Heinemann, London, 1970, pbk edn: Penguin, 2000)

Sackville-West, Vita. The Edwardians (The Hogarth Press, London, 1930, pbk edn: Virago Press, London, 2009)

Streatfeild, Noel, ed. The Day Before Yesterday: Firsthand Stories of Fifty Years Ago (Collins, London, 1956)

Waterson, Merlin. The Servants’ Hall: a domestic history of Erddig (Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980, pbk edn: National Trust, 1993)

First World War (Wrest Park)

Asquith, Cynthia. Portrait of Barrie (James Barrie, London, 1954)

Buchan, John. These for Remembrance: Memoirs of Six Friends Killed in the Great War (privately printed, London, 1919, reprinted: Buchan & Enright, London, 1987)

Chaney, Lisa. Hide-and-Seek With Angels: A Life of J.M. Barrie (Hutchinson, London, 2005, pbk edn: Arrow Books, London, 2006)

Dakers, Caroline. The Countryside at War 1914–18 (Constable, London, 1987)

Davenport-Hines, Richard. Ettie: The Intimate Life and Dauntless Spirit of Lady Desborough (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 2008)

Dunbar, Janet. J.M. Barrie: The Man Behind the Image (Collins, London, 1970)

Marwick, Arthur. The Deluge: British Society and the First World War (The Bodley Head, London, 1965)

Meynell, Viola, ed. Letters of J. M. Barrie (Peter Davies, London, 1942)

Vanderbilt Jr, Cornelius. Queen of the Golden Age: The Fabulous Story of Grace Wilson Vanderbilt (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1956)

Wells, H. G. Mr Britling Sees it Through (Cassell & Co., London, 1916)

Interwar, Second World War and post-war (Charleston)

Bell, Quentin, et al. Charleston Past and Present (The Hogarth Press, London, 1987)

——— and Virginia Nicholson. Charleston, A Bloombsury House and Garden (Frances Lincoln, London, 1997)

Calder, Angus. The People’s War: Britain 1939–45 (Random House, London, 1992)

Cartland, Barbara. The Years of Opportunity (Hutchinson, London, 1947)

Garnett, Angelica. Deceived with Kindness (Chatto & Windus, London, 1984)

Kynaston, David. Modernity Britain: Opening the Box, 1957–59 (Bloomsbury, London, 2013)

Lees-Milne, James. Diaries, 1942–1954 (John Murray, London, 2006)

Lewes Remembers the Second World War (Lewes U3A Publications, 1995)

Light, Alison. Mrs Woolf and the Servants (Penguin, London, 2007)

MacKay, Stewart. The Angel of Charleston (British Library, London, 2013)

Marler, Regina, ed. Selected Letters of Vanessa Bell (Bloomsbury, London, 1993)

Nicholson, Virginia. Among the Bohemians: Experiments in Living 1900–1939 (Viking, London, 2002)

———. Millions Like Us (Viking, London, 2011, pbk edn: Penguin, London, 2012)

———. Singled Out: How Two Million Women Survived Without Men after the First World War (Viking, London, 2007, pbk edn: Penguin, London, 2008)

Nicolson, Harold. Diaries and Letters 1930–1964 (Atheneum, New York, 1980)

Seebohm, Caroline. The Country House: A Wartime History, 1939–45 (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1989)

Spalding, Frances. Vanessa Bell (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1983)

———. Duncan Grant (Chatto & Windus, London, 1997)

General

Aslet, Clive. The Last Country Houses (Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1982)

Bailey, Catherine. Black Diamonds (Penguin, London, 2008)

Briggs, Asa. A Social History of England (Pelican Books, London, 1987)

Burnett, John, ed. Useful Toil: Autobiographies of Working People from the 1820s to the 1920s (Allen Lane, Penguin Books, London, 1974, pbk edn: Routledge, London, 1994)

Cannadine, David. Class in Britain (Penguin, London, 1998)

———. The Decline and Fall of the British Aristocracy (Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1990)

Davidoff, Leonore. Worlds Between: Historical Perspectives on Gender and Class (Polity Press, Cambridge, 1995)

Dawes, Frank. Not in Front of the Servants: Domestic service in England 1850–1939 (Wayland Publishers, London, 1973)

Gerard, Jessica. Country House Life: Family and Servants 1815–1914 (Blackwell, Oxford, 1994)

Giles, Judy. Women, Identity and Private Life in Britain 1900–50 (Macmillan, London, 1995)

Girouard, Mark. A Country House Companion (Century Hutchinson, London, 1987)

———. Life in the English Country House (Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1979)

Hardyment, Christina. From Mangle to Microwave: Mechanisation of the Household (Polity Press, Cambridge, 1988)

Hartcup, Adeline. Below Stairs in the Great Country Houses (Sidgwick & Jackson, London, 1980)

Horn, Pamela. Life Below Stairs in the Twentieth Century (Sutton Publishing, Stroud, 2001)

Kerr, Robert. The Gentleman’s House, 1864 (reprinted in facsimile, Johnson Reprint Corporation, New York, 1972)

Lethbridge, Lucy. Servants: A Downstairs View of Twentieth-century Britain (Bloomsbury, London, 2013)

Malos, Ellen, ed. The Politics of Housework (Allison & Busby, London, 1982)

Masters, Brian. Great Hostesses (Constable, London, 1982)

Musson, Jeremy. Up and Down Stairs: The History of the Country House Servant (John Murray, London, 2009)

The National Trust Manual of Housekeeping (National Trust, 2011)

Paston-Williams, Sara. The Art of Dining (National Trust, 1993)

Sambrook, Pamela. The Country House Servant (National Trust, 1999)

———. Dunham Massey: A Country House at Work (National Trust, 2003)

———. Keeping Their Place: Domestic Service in the Country House (Sutton Publishing, Stroud, 2005)

Steedman, Carolyn. Labours Lost: Domestic Service and the Making of a Modern England (Cambridge University Press, 2009)

Sykes, Christopher Simon. Country House Camera (Pavilion Books, London, 1987)

Tinniswood, Adrian. A History of Country House Visiting: Five Centuries of Tourism and Taste (Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1989)

Turner, E. S. What the Butler Saw: Two Hundred and Fifty Years of the Servant Problem (Penguin, London, 1962)

Waterfield, Giles, et al., eds. Below Stairs: 400 Years of Servants’ Portraits (National Portrait Gallery, London, 2004)

Waterson, Merlin, ed. The Country House Remembered: Recollections of Life Between the Wars (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1985)

Worsley, Giles. England’s Lost Houses (Aurum Press, London, 2002)

Reports and academic papers

Gillis, John R. ‘Servants, Sexual Relations and the Risks of Illegitimacy in London, 1801–1900’ (Feminist Studies vol. 5, no 1, Spring 1979)

Hann, Andrew. The Service Wing at Audley End House (English Heritage: Properties Historians’ Report, 2007)

Jay, Elisabeth. ‘The Enemy Within: The Housekeeper in Victorian Fiction’, in A. M. Kilday and N. Nanfasse (eds), Social Deviance in England and France 1830–1900 (Cahiers Victoriens et Edwardiens de la SFEVE, pp. 247–60, 2004)

Published memoirs and diaries

The Journal of Mrs Arbuthnot (Macmillan, London, 1950)

Balderson, Eileen. Backstairs Life in a Country House (David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1982)

Balsan, Consuelo. The Glitter and the Gold (Heinemann, London, 1953)

Bankes, Viola. A Kingston Lacy Childhood (The Dovecote Press, Wimbourne, 1986)

Bath, Marchioness of. Before the Sunset Fades (The Longleat Estate Company, Warminster, 1951)

Bedford, Duke of, John. A Silver-Plated Spoon (The Reprint Society, London, 1959)

Cooper, Lady Diana. The Rainbow Comes and Goes (1958, republished Century, London, 1984)

Cullwick, Hannah and Elizabeth Stanley, ed. The Diaries of Hannah Cullwick: Victorian Maidservant (Virago Press, London, 1984)

Dugdale, Bill. Settling the Bill (Endeavour, London, 2011)

Gorst, Frederick. Of Carriages and Kings (W. H. Allen, London, 1956)

Harrison, Rosina. Rose: My Life in Service (Cassell, London, 1975)

Horne, Eric. What the Butler Winked At, Being the Life and Adventures of Eric Horne (Butler), for Fifty-seven Years in Service with the Nobility and Gentry (T. Werner Laurie, London, 1923)

———. More Winks, Being further notes from the life and adventures of E. Horne (T. W. Laurie, 1932)

King, Ernest. The Green Baize Door (Kimber, London, 1963)

Lanceley, William. From Hallboy to House Steward (Edward Arnold & Co., London, 1925)

Lewis, Lesley. The Private Life of an English Country House: 1912–1939 (Sutton Publishing, Stroud, 1998)

Powell, Margaret. Below Stairs (Peter Davies, London, 1968, pbk edn: Pan Macmillan, London, 2011)

Rennie, Jean. Every Other Sunday: The Autobiography of a Kitchenmaid (Arthur Baker, London, 1955)

Sykes, Christopher Simon. The Big House: The Story of a Country House and Its Family (HarperCollins, London, 2004)

Welsh Carlyle, Jane. Letters and Memorials, ed. J. A. Froude (Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1883)

Wyndham, Ursula. Astride the Wall: A Memoir 1913–1945 (Lennard Publishing, London, 1988)

Contemporary conduct books, manuals and reports

Adams, Samuel and Sarah. The Complete Servant (Knight & Lacey, London, 1825)

Anon. The Housekeeper and Butler’s Guide (London, 1853)

Beeton, Isabella. Book of Household Management (Ward, Lock & Co., London, 1861)

Campbell, Lady Gertrude Elizabeth and Colin Campbell. Etiquette of Good Society (Cassell & Co., London, 1893)

Cassell’s Book of the Household, vol. 2 (Cassell & Co., London, 1890).

Firth, Violet. The Psychology of the Servant Problem: A Study in Social Relationships (Daniel, London, 1925)

The Housekeeping Book of Susanna Whatman (Geoffrey Bles, London, 1956, pbk edn: National Trust, 1988)