Major Periods within Second Temple Judaism

Second Temple Judaism developed as political authority changed hands from the Persians to the Greeks, to the Jewish Hasmoneans, and finally to the Romans.

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539–331 B.C.	331–164 B.C.	164–63 B.C.	63 B.C.–A.D. 70
The Persian Period	The Hellenistic Period Ptolemaic (Egyptian) Period (320–198) Seleucid (Syrian) Period (198–164)	The Hasmonean (Maccabean) Period	The Roman Period