Taxus baccata
FAMILY NAME Taxaceae
CHARACTERISTICS Straight, soft needles grow either side of the twig, approximately 2.5cm (1in) long
HABITAT A widespread shade species, popular in parks and gardens, often in churchyards
DISTRIBUTION Europe, Turkey and North Africa
FLOWERS AND FRUIT Tiny male and female flowers borne on separate trees; female trees bear red berry-shaped fruits (arils)
Sacred to the Druids, this evergreen conifer was associated with the cycles of life. The Druids respected its longevity and recognized its ability to regenerate, as mature branches could re-root and form new trunks if they touched the earth. One of Europe’s oldest trees, the yew is often found in graveyards and has a strong association with death. Some scholars believe Yews were planted in an effort to purify plague victims who were buried beneath their branches. The foliage contains highly poisonous compounds that have been developed for use in anti-cancer medications.