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Abyssinia, 64. See also Ethiopia
Ad gentes (To the Nations), Decree on the Church’s Missionary Activity, 128
Ad Petri cathedram (To the Chair of Peter), 114–19
Adzhubei, Alexis, 208–9
Aeterna Dei sapientia (God’s Eternal Wisdom), 158–64, 166
Africa, 8, 45, 124, 125, 129, 151
Agagianian, Gregory Peter XV, 102, 103
aggiornamento, x, 171, 173, 195, 216, 243
Agostini, Carlo, 88, 90
agriculture, 11, 152–53
Albania, 68
Alexander III, Pope, 100
Alfrink, Cardinal Bernhard, 173, 181
Algeria, 81, 85, 164
Alps, 10
Ambrosian Library, Milan, 31
Anglicans, xiii
Ankara, 72
Apollinare, 21–23, 26, 44, 49
Apostleship of Prayer, 14
Apostolic Palace, 135–36, 139, 141
Apostolic See, 159, 160
Aquinas, Saint Thomas, x
Archivio Spirituale, Bergamo, 31
Argentina, 98
artificial birth control, 153, 198
Asia, 8, 124, 151, 212
Association for the Protection of Young Women, 30
Assumptionists, 58
Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 97, 142
Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, 62, 66
Athens, 70, 71
Attila the Hun, 160
Augustine, Saint, x, 118, 161, 186, 214
Augustine of Canterbury, Saint, 128
Augustinians, 141
Austria, 23, 37, 39, 42, 43, 70
Balkans, 60
Balzan Prize, 206–7, 221–22
Barlas, Chaim, 71
Basil III, Patriarch, 58
Bea, Cardinal Augustin, 146–47, 173, 179, 186–87, 191, 192, 194, 197, 243
Belgium, 42, 47, 216
Benedict XV, Pope, 3, 7, 36, 44–48, 119, 124, 129
death of, 48
John XXIII and, 41, 44–48
Benedict XVI, Pope, 3, 133
Benigni, Monsignor Umberto, 21–22, 23
Benjamin I, Ecumenical Patriarch, 68
Bergamo, 4, 6, 8, 9–18, 20–21, 27–32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40–43, 51–52
Berlin, 73
Berlin Crisis, 158, 164
Berlin Wall, 158
Black Sea, 57
Bologna, 36, 113
Borgia Court, 102
Boris III, King of Bulgaria, 55–56, 60–61, 69, 73
Borromeo, Saint Charles, 28, 31, 36, 54, 187
Bosio, Father Pietro, 219
Bosnia, 217
Buckley, William F., Jr., 155–56
Bugarini, Monsignor Vincenzo, 47, 49, 53
Bulgaria, 4, 53–54, 55–61, 65, 68–69, 73, 77, 80, 126, 211
Bulgarian Orthodox Church, 55–61
Burton, Richard, ix
Byzantine Church, 56, 163
Caeppetelli, Bishop Giuseppe, 23
Callistus III, Pope, 100
Canali, Nicola, 102
Canterbury, Archbishop of, 68
Caporetto, 42
Capovilla, Loris, 80, 89, 90–91, 106, 107, 169, 202–3, 204, 209, 222, 223, 224, 226, 228, 236
Capuchins, 58
Carboni, Telesforo, 139–40
Carli, Luigi, 174
Carozzi, Guglielmo, 27, 36
Casa dello Studente, Bergamo, 43, 44
Casa di Maternita, 30
Castro, Fidel, ix, 126, 156
Catholic Action, 17, 44, 84, 118, 172
Catholic Church, x–xiv, 7, 32
Benedict XV and, 44–48
in Bulgaria, 55–61
contemporary, xi
fascism and, 50–52, 65
in Greece, 64–65, 69–70, 72
hierarchy, xii, xiii, 111–14, 124, 125, 133–35, 140–43, 178
Nazi persecution of Jews and, 71–74, 98, 239
1960s liberalizing movement, xi–xii
Pius X and, 26–35
Pius XI and, 49, 53, 54, 58–66
Pius XII and, 67–74, 76–77, 83, 85–86, 91–93, 97–100
reforms under John XXIII, xiii, 133, 167–81, 185–210, 233–39, 241–45
Second Vatican Council, 167–81, 185–200, 201–18, 230, 233–39, 241–45
social teaching, 149–58
la théologie nouvelle (New Theology movement), 85–86
in Turkey, 62–64, 66
“white terror” of 1907–14, 33
World War II and, 68–85
See also papacy; specific popes; Vatican
Cavagana, Monsignor Alfredo, 225
celibacy, clerical, 121, 144, 198
Chalcedon, Council of, 161
Children of Mary, 26
China, 126, 164
Christian Brothers, 58
Christian Century, 157
Christian Democratic Party, 50, 89, 92
Christopher, Saint, xiii
Churchill, Winston, 51
Church of Silence, 115, 116
Cigognani, Cardinal Gaetano, 102, 145
Clement IX, Pope, 68
Code of Canon Law, 100
coins, Vatican, 134
Cold War, xii, 4, 114, 115, 126, 158, 164, 204–5, 244
College of Cardinals, 48, 93, 98–107, 133, 143, 169, 170–74. See also specific cardinals
Commonweal, 130
communion, 5, 13, 186–87, 222
with both bread and wine, 180, 187
communism, 4, 89, 114, 117, 126, 144, 155, 156, 164, 189, 203–5, 209, 210, 216, 220
Compiègne, 71
Congar, Father Yves, 173, 189
Congregation of Rites, 145, 178
Congregation of the Holy Office, 145
Congress of Vienna, 77
Constance, Council of, 112
Constantinople, 23, 62
Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, 236
Costantini, Cardinal Celso, 101
Council of Chalcedon, 161
Council of Constance, 112
Council of Ephesus, 161
Council of Nicea, 112
Council of Presidents, 175
Council of the Vatican (1869–1870). See First Vatican Council
Council of Trent, 7, 112, 123, 143, 186, 187, 189, 191, 237, 242
Counter-Reformation, 237
Court of Saint Damasus, 102
Courvoisier, Raymond, 72
Cousins, Norman, 176, 199, 204
Cuba, 126, 164, 176
Cuban missile crisis, xii, 176–77, 193, 199, 207, 211, 215
Cule, Bishop Petar, 188–89
Cum proxime (Concerning New Rules for the Election of the Pope), 99
Curé of Ars, 119
Curia. See Roman Curia
Cushing, Cardinal Richard, 235
Cyril of Alexandria, Saint, 161
Czechoslovakia, 158
Danielou, Father Jean, 173
Dante, Enrico, 102, 179
De fontibus (On the Sources of Revelation), 189–93
de Gaulle, Charles, 76–79
Dei verbum (The Voice of God), Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation, 192
della Chiesa, Giacomo. See Benedict XV, Pope
Dell’Acqua, Bishop Angelo, 224
de Lubac, Henri, 173
de Proenca Sigaud, Geraldo, 174
De Rosa, Luca M., 231
de Smedt, Bishop Emile Jozef, 190, 195
di Jorio, Albert, 106
Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, 120
Do-good Brothers, 139
Domaine, Jacques, 80
Domenico, Orazi, 41–42
Dominicans, 86, 141, 174
Dopfner, Julius, 173
Eastern Catholic Church, 56, 58, 59, 68, 163, 180, 193
Eco di Bergamo, L’, 32
economics, 150–57, 213, 214
Economist, 155
ecumenism, xii, 6, 58, 68, 110–11, 114, 118–19, 143–47, 166, 172–73, 194, 198, 234, 237–39, 241, 244
encyclicals, papal. See specific popes and encyclicals
Enlightenment, 212
Ephesus, Council of, 161
Episcopal Church, 163
Ethiopia, 64, 66. See also Abyssinia
Etruscans, 15
Eucharist, 14, 122, 180
Evangelii nuntiandi (On Evangelization in the Modern World), 128
Evangelii praecones (On Promotion of Catholic Missions), 128, 129
ex cathedra, 142, 143
fascism, 4, 45, 50
Catholic Church and, 50–52, 65
fasting, 121, 186
Faure, Edgar, 81
Felici, Bishop Pericle, 220
Feltin, Cardinal Maurice, 179–80
feminism, 213
Ferdinand, Czar, 57
Ferrari, Cardinal Andrea Carlo, 30, 46–47, 48, 225
Fidei donum (The Gift of Faith), 128
Fietta, Joseph, 77
First Vatican Council, 7, 97, 111, 112, 237
Flaminio Cerasola Foundation, 21
Fourteen Point Plan, 45
France, 4, 8, 45, 47, 58, 75–85, 100, 119, 122, 211, 212, 216, 239
Catholic Church in, 75–85
Jews, 84
Vichy, 68, 76–85
World War I, 42
World War II, 68, 71, 75–85
Franciscans, 121
Francis of Assisi, Saint, 168
Franco-Prussian, War, 112
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, 35
Franz Joseph, Emperor of Austria-Hungary, 23
Free French Army, 76
French Resistance, 76, 79
French Revolution, 123
Frings, Cardinal Josef, 173, 178, 191
Garofalo, Monsignor Salvatore, 190
Garroni, Don Ignazio, 22
Gasbarrini, Antonio, 223, 224
Gasparri, Cardinal Pietro, 50, 52–53
Genesis, Book of, 118, 244
Germany, 37, 47, 156, 216
Cold War, 158, 164
Nazi, 4, 66, 68–73, 76–85, 139, 239
World War I, 37
World War II, 66–73, 76–85
Giammarelli, Annibale, 106–7
Giovanna, Queen of Bulgaria, 60, 61
Goglia, Gennaro, 240
Gospels, 127, 165
Great Britain, 68, 216
World War II, 68, 69–70, 72
Great Depression, 151
Greece, 4, 61, 64–65, 66, 68, 69, 77, 80, 126, 211
World War II, 68, 69–70, 71, 72
Gregory I the Great, Pope Saint, x, 128
Guindani, Bishop Gaetano Camilo, 13, 27
Gusso, Guido, 89, 207
Herzog, Isaac, 72
Hitler, Adolf, 66, 70, 73, 79, 84
Holland, 47
Holy Ghost Fathers, 174
Holy Land, 32–33, 71–72
Holy Office, 36, 180, 209
Holy Sacrifice of the Mass, 122
Holy See, 45, 65, 70, 74, 75, 111, 141, 142, 178. See also Vatican
Holy Spirit, 234–35, 238, 241, 243
Holy Synod, 56
Hoover, Herbert, 51
Humanae salutis (Of Human Salvation), 164–66
Humani generis (Of Mankind), 85–86
humanism, 33
human rights, 212–14
Hungary, 73, 101, 114, 158
Innocent XI, Pope, 240
Iraq War, 217
Isaachi, Canon Luigi, 17
Islam, 56, 62
Istanbul, 62, 66, 70, 71, 72, 75
Italian Army, 8, 39, 40, 42
Italian Parliament, 50
Italy, 5, 6, 8, 9–24, 64, 112, 135, 138, 216
fascism, 50–52
nationalism, 16
of 1920s, 50
World War I, 37, 39–45
World War II, 68, 71, 139
Japan, 156
Jerusalem, xi, 71–72
Jerusalem Jewish Agency, 71
Jesus Christ, 32, 33, 149–50
Jewish Agency, 72
Jews, xii, xiii, 56, 71–74, 198, 216, 239
Nazi persecution of, 71–74, 76, 81, 84, 98, 239
John, Gospel of, 165
John Paul II, Pope, x, 3, 128, 133, 230
John XXIII, Pope (Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli), 4–8
Ad Petri cathedram (To the Chair of Peter), 114–19
Aeterna Dei sapientia (God’s Eternal Wisdom), 158–64, 166
aging of, 83, 85
as apostolic delegate, 53–74
as Archbishop Roncalli, 53–54, 55–93
beatification of, 230
Benedict XV and, 41, 44–48
birth and baptism of, 6, 9–11
in Bulgaria, 55–61, 126
as Cardinal of Venice, 88–93
character of, 5, 39, 80–81, 90, 92, 238–45
childhood of, 6–15
choice of name “John,” 105–6
confirmation of, 13–14
death of, ix, 5–6, 228–29
early priesthood, 25–37
ecumenical views, x, xii, 87, 109–10, 112, 114–19, 143–47, 166, 172–73, 194, 198, 210–18, 234, 237–39, 241, 244
education of, 15–23
efforts to save European Jews, 71–74, 98, 239
elected pope, 102–7
family of, 6–15, 19, 26, 34, 40, 42–43, 47, 53, 63, 66–67, 85, 88, 90–91, 141, 169, 197, 205–6, 223, 225–28
first year as pope, 109–31, 141
funeral and burial of, 229, 239–41
as the Good Pope, xiv, 8, 117, 206, 234, 240, 242, 245
in Greece, 64–65, 69–70, 72, 126
in Holy Land, 32–33
Humanae salutis (Of Human Salvation), 164–66
ill health of, 63–64, 269, 293, 296, 207, 219–28
imminent death of, 219–29
journals and notebooks of, 17–19, 59
Journal of a Soul, 17
last public appearance of, 222
legacy of, 233–45
life in Vatican City, 133–40
Mater et magistra (Mother and Teacher), 121, 130, 149–58, 165
military service of, 22–23, 39–44
missionary work and, 45–49, 57–66, 126–30
as monsignor, 47
of 1960, 133–47
of 1961, 149–66
of 1962, 164, 167–81, 185–200
as nuncio to France, 74, 75–78
ordained a deacon, 23–24
Pacem in terris (Peace on Earth), xii, 6, 115, 121, 129, 130, 151, 155, 166, 193, 200, 204, 210–18, 219
physical appearance of, 39, 62, 106–7, 139–40, 169, 239, 240–41
Pius X and, 24, 25–35
Pius XI and, 49, 53, 54, 58–61
Pius XII and, 68, 74, 76, 88, 91–93
popularity of, x, 44, 80–81, 206–7
post-World War I, 45–54
powers of papacy, 140–43
preparations for Vatican II, 109–11, 143–47, 164–66
Princeps pastorum (Prince of the Shepherds), 124–31
Radini-Tedeschi and, 27–35, 36, 40, 44, 46, 51, 52, 53, 82, 84, 119
reinterment ceremony for, 239–41
Sacerdotii nostri primordia (The Beginning of Our Priesthood), 119–24
Second Vatican Council, 167–81, 185–200, 201–18, 230, 233–39, 241–45
on social justice, 149–58
stomach cancer of, 169, 193, 196, 207, 219–28
style of, 80, 112, 116–17, 162–63, 217–18, 235, 243–45
in Turkey, 62–64, 66, 126, 239
in Vatican diplomatic corps, 53–54, 55–74, 75–93
Vatican reforms, xiii, 133, 167–81, 185–210, 233–39, 241–45
vestments, 106–7, 141, 241
World War I and, 36–37, 39–45
World War II and, 68–85
Joseph, Saint, 185, 188
Kempis, Saint Thomas à, Imitation of Christ, 20
Kennedy, Jackie, ix
Kennedy, John F., xi, 176, 208
Khrushchev, Nikita, ix, 164, 176–77, 199–200, 204, 205, 208, 211
King, Dr. Martin Luther, Jr., 212
Koenig, Cardinal Franz, 173
Küng, Hans, Council, Reform, and Reunion, 173
Kurtef, Monsignor Stefan, 56, 57, 59
labor, 16, 150–57
strikes, 30, 50
unions, 16–17
laity, xii, 138, 144, 181, 198, 237, 243
Larrona, Arcadio, 174
Lateran Pact, 65
Lateran Seminary, 52
Latin, 22, 64, 125, 134, 144, 167, 170
in the liturgy, 177–80, 186, 189, 198, 233–34, 236, 242
Latreille, André, 79
Lawrence, D. H., Lady Chatterley’s Lover, 117
League of Nations, 64
League of Women Workers, 30
Lefebvre, Archbishop Marcel-Francois, 174, 242
Léger, Cardinal Paul-Emile, 173, 192
Lenten, 14
Leo I, Pope Saint, 159–64
Leo X, Pope, 36
Leo XIII, Pope, 3, 7, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21, 23, 27, 28, 57, 117, 149, 150, 151, 155, 212, 213, 242
Lercaro, Giacomo, 102, 103, 113
Licet de vitanda discordia, 100
Lichtenberger, Arthur, 163
Lienart, Cardinal Achille, 173, 175, 190–91
Little Work of Divine Providence, 139
liturgical reforms, 174, 175–80, 185, 186, 189, 198, 233–34, 236, 242
Locatelli, Don Bortolo, 14
Lombardy Brigade, 22
London, 69
Loreto, 168
Lourdes, 28, 32
Luciani, Albino (Pope John Paul I), 101
Lumen gentium (Light of Nations), Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, 128
Macedonia, 55
Maglione, Cardinal Luigi, 71, 73–74
Marcian, Emperor, 161
Marella, Bishop Luigi, 43, 46
Marquez, Bishop García, 179
marriage, 152, 202
Marxism, 150, 216
Masella, Aloisi, 102
mass communication, 215
Mater et magistra (Mother and Teacher), 121, 130, 149–58, 165
Matthew, Gospel of, 165
Matthieu, François-Desiré, 101
Mauriac, François, 81
Maximos IV Saigh, Patriarch, 174, 179, 190
Maximum illud (On the Propagation of the Catholic Faith Throughout the World), 45, 124–25, 129
Mayer, René, 81
Mazzoni, Piero, 224, 227
McCone, James, 221
McGuigan, Cardinal James, 104
McIntyre, Cardinal James Francis, 101, 179, 189
Melkite, 174, 179
Mellitus, Abbot, 128
Menemengioglu, Naman, 81
Merry del Val, Cardinal Raffaele, 106
Metaxas, Ioannis, 64, 65
Michelangelo, Last Judgment, 136
Middle Ages, 6
Milan, 8, 28, 30, 31, 39, 44, 48, 54, 231, 232
Mindszenty, Cardinal József, 99, 101, 114
mission work, 45–49, 57–66, 125–30
modernism, 4, 53, 112
Montini, Giovanni Battista. See Paul IV, Pope
Mooney, Cardinal Edward, 101, 104
Morocco, 82
Mortalium animos (The Minds of
Men), 58
Munich agreement (1938), 66
Murray, John Courtney, 6, 173, 216–17
music, Church, 188, 228
Muslims, 4, 56, 62, 81–82, 239
Mussolini, Benito, 45, 50–52, 60, 65, 66, 68
Napoleon Bonaparte, 101
National Catholic Congress, 126
National Council of Churches, 216
nationalism, 16
National Union of Catholic Women, 44
native clergy, 124, 125
Nazism, 4, 66, 68, 70–73, 76–85, 139, 204, 239
Nero, Emperor, 114
Newman, Cardinal John Henry, 118, 173
Niebuhr, Reinhold, 157–58, 217
Nicea, Council of, 112
NKVD, 204
Noble Guard, 102
Noe, Cardinal Virgilio, 240
North Africa, 76, 82, 85
North American Free Trade Agreement, 217
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 212
Nostra aetate (In Our Age), Declaration on the Relation of the Church to Non-Christian Religions, xii
nuclear weapons, 4, 153, 212, 214
Oakely, Austin, 68
Opera dei Congressi, 20, 27, 29
Orthodox Church, 4, 55, 56–61, 62, 64–65, 68, 82, 162
Osservatore Romano, L’, 135, 138, 193, 204, 209, 223
Ottaviani, Cardinal Alfredo, 103, 145, 146, 170, 173, 174, 175, 176, 181, 186, 189–95, 208, 209, 236–37, 242
Our Lady’s Club, 20
Pacelli, Father Eugenio. See Pius XII, Pope
Pacem in terris (Peace on Earth), xii, 6, 115, 121, 129, 130, 151, 155, 166, 193, 200, 204, 210–18, 219
Palestine, 71–73
Mandate, 72–73
Palestine Jewish Agency, 73
papacy, 20–23, 140–43
election process, 22–23, 48, 68, 93, 98–107, 141, 231–32
hierarchy, xii, xiii, 124, 125, 133–35, 140–43, 178
infallibility of, 7, 112, 142
powers of, 140–43, 162
preparations for Vatican II, 109–11, 143–47, 164–66
Second Vatican Council, 167–81, 185–200, 201–18, 230, 233–39, 241–45
titles, 133, 141
vestments, 106–7, 141, 241
See also Catholic Church; specific popes; Vatican; Holy See
Papandreou, Archbishop Damaskinos, 69–70
papal election process, 22–23, 48, 68, 93, 98–107, 141, 231–32
Parente, Archbishop Pio, 180
Paris, 75–85, 86
Partito Popolare, 50
Pascendi Dominci gregus (Feeding the Lord’s Flock), 33
Paul, Saint, 114, 115, 127
Paul IV, Pope, 3, 87–88, 100, 103, 113, 118, 128, 133, 136, 175–76, 178, 186, 187, 196, 198, 226, 227, 231–32, 235, 243
elected pope, 231–32
peace, 114, 115, 165, 166, 210–18
Pentecost, xi
Perón, Juan, 98
Pétain, Philippe, 76, 77, 84
Peter, Saint, 3, 21, 102, 114, 115, 125, 127
Phillips, Gerard, 173
Pinay, Antoine, 81
Pitocchi, Don Francesco, 21, 26
Pius IV, Pope, 187
Pius VI, Pope, 101
Pius VII, Pope, 101
Pius VIII, Pope, 229
Pius IX, Pope, 7, 16, 112
Pius X, Pope, xiii, 3, 7, 14, 23, 24, 26–35, 45, 97, 98, 101, 106, 240
death of, 35, 36
John XXIII and, 24, 25–35
Pius XI, Pope, 3, 31, 48, 52, 58–66, 86, 99, 128, 137, 150, 151
death of, 66
John XXIII and, 49, 53, 54
Pius XII, Pope, 3, 22, 67–74, 76–77, 83, 85–86, 91–93, 97–100, 117, 128, 142, 146, 150, 159, 186, 231, 235, 240
death of, 93, 229
John XXIII and, 68, 74, 76, 88, 91–93
Pléven, René, 81
Poland, 68, 71, 158, 216
Pontifical Roman Seminary, 21–23
Pope’s Soup Kitchens, 59
population growth, 153
Portugal, 71
poverty, 16–17, 18, 121
Pre-Preparatory Commission, 143–47
Princeps pastorum (Prince of the Shepherds), 118, 124–31
Propaganda Fide, 21
Propaganda Fide, 45, 46
Propagation of the Faith in the World, The, 49
Protestant Reformation, 112
Protestants, xiii, 157, 158, 162, 163, 189, 190, 216
Quadragesimo anno (In the Fortieth Year), 150, 151
racial discrimination, 213, 216
Radini-Tedeschi, Bishop Giacomo Maria, 20–21, 27–35, 36, 40, 44, 46, 51, 52, 53, 82, 84, 119, 220, 224, 225
death of, 35, 36
Rahner, Karl, 173
Rampolla del Tindaro, Cardinal Mariano, 23
Ranica iron workers strike, 30
Ratti, Monsignor Achille. See Pius XI, Pope
Rebuzzini, Father Francesco, 10–11, 12, 14, 19–20, 225
Red Cross, 72
Redemptoris missio (Mission of the Redeemer), 128
relics, 139, 179
Renaissance, 31
Rerum Ecclesia (On Catholic Missions), 128
Rerum Novarum (On the New Things), 16, 149, 150, 213
revelation, 189–93, 236–37
Ricci, Matthew, 127
Ritter, Cardinal Joseph, 191
Roccantica, 25–26
Roman Catholic Church, 58–59, 64, 65, 66, 68, 75, 82, 117, 119, 141–43, 157, 158, 163–64
Roman Curia, 111, 112, 143–47, 162, 165, 172, 174, 176, 188, 198, 207, 226, 230, 235
Roman Empire, 88
Roman Missal, 233
Roman Synod, 146
Rome, 4, 5, 8, 13, 16, 20, 21–24, 29, 35, 40, 44, 46, 47, 48, 52, 53, 58, 63, 66, 68, 112, 114, 135, 162–64, 165, 167, 208
Roncalli, Angelo Giuseppe. See John XXIII, Pope (Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli)
Roncalli, Giovanni, 10–15, 24, 63
Roncalli, Marianna, 10–15, 19, 24, 26, 63, 66–67, 225
Roncalli, Monsignor Giovanni Battista, 223, 226, 228
Roncalli, Zaverio (Barba), 10–11, 12, 13, 24, 34
Rosary, 122
Ruffini, Cardinal Ernesto, 103, 107, 174, 186, 190, 191
Romania, 73
Sabbath, 153–55
Sacerdotii nostri primordia (The Beginning of Our Priesthood), 119–24
Sacred Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith, 128
Sacrosanctum concillium (The Sacred Council), Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, 236
Saint John Lateran, Rome, 165
Saint Mark’s Basilica, Venice, 88, 89
Saint Mary Major, Rome, 165
Saint Paul’s Outside the Walls, Rome, 165
Saint Peter’s Basilica, Rome, 20, 24, 27, 68, 127, 135–38, 165, 167–70, 185, 198, 221, 228, 229, 232, 239, 240–41
Sales, Saint Francis de, 123
Salesians of Saint John Bosco, 139
Saliège, Jules, 79
same-sex marriage, 152
Samorè, Cardinal Antonio, 224
Santa Maria Church, Rome, 23
Santos, Cardinal Rufino, 174
Sarajevo, 35
Sarto, Cardinal Giuseppe Melchior. See Pius X, Pope
Saturday Review, 176, 199
Schillebeeckx, Edward, 173
Schuman, Robert, 81, 83
Scipio, 82
Second Vatican Council, xiii, 5, 6, 29, 58, 86, 109–11, 113, 120, 128, 155, 161, 167–81, 185–200, 201–18
agenda and power struggles, 174–81, 188–200, 201–10, 236
De fontibus debate, 189–93
first session, 171–81, 185–98, 201, 236
John XXIII intervenes in, 192–93
legacy of, 233–39, 241–45
liturgical reforms, 174–80, 185, 186, 189, 198, 233–34, 236, 242
preparations for, 109–11, 143–47, 164–66
“Revolt of the Bishops,” 175
second session, 196, 202–10
unity discussion, 193–95, 198
Second World Congress of Negro Writers and Artists, 129
Secretariat for Christian Unity, 146–47, 173, 174, 190, 194
Segni, Antonio, 221, 222
Serafini, Domenico, 36
73rd Infantry Regiment, 22
Siri, Cardinal Giuseppe, 170, 174, 191
Sistine Chapel, 23, 102, 103, 104, 106, 136
Sistine Choir, 170
Sixtus V, Pope, 100, 107
Slovakian Jews, 73
Smith, Adam, 157
Slipyi, Metropolitan Josef, 198–200, 203–5
social teaching, 149–58, 202, 212–14
socialism, 45, 83, 89, 92, 150–51, 156
Society for the Propagation of the Faith, 45–46, 48
Sofia, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61
Sotto il Monte, 6, 8, 9–15, 18, 25, 33–34, 53, 62, 85, 88, 91, 219, 225
South America, 45, 124
Soviet Union, 42, 45, 66, 126, 198–200, 208–9, 212, 216, 221
Cold War, 158, 164, 204–5, 212
Cuban missile crisis, 176–77, 193, 199, 211
nuclear weapons, 212
Slipyi affair, 198–200, 203–5
World War II, 68, 72, 77, 78
Spaento, Gino, 92
Spain, 23, 85
Spellman, Cardinal Francis, 101, 112–13, 164, 178, 179, 189
Spolverini, Father Domenico, 24
Staffa, Dino, 174
Stein, Saint Edith (Teresa Benedicta of the Cross), x
Steinfels, Peter, 217
Stepinac, Cardinal Alojzije, 99, 101, 114
Suenens, Cardinal Leo Joseph, 173, 202, 230
Suhard, Cardinal Emmanuel, 79, 80, 83, 84
Summi Pontificis electio, 229, 231
Svate Nedelja bombing, 55–56
Sweden, 71
Swiss Guard, 135, 136, 138, 168
Taglia, Cardinal Luigi, 228
Tardini, Cardinal Domenico, 75–76, 109–11, 114, 117, 143–44
Taylor, Elizabeth, ix
technology, 214–15
Teilhard de Chardin, Father, 86
Teresa, Mother, x
Thant, U, 216
Theological Commission, 145, 189, 190, 192, 194–95
Thérèse of Liseux, Saint, x
Third Lateran Council, 100
Tillich, Paul, 217
TIME magazine, 117, 130, 157, 162
John XXIII as 1962 “Man of the Year,” 200, 238
Tisserant, Cardinal Eugene, 82, 103, 104, 175
Treaty of the Lateran (1929), 50–51
truth, 114, 171
Tunisia, 82
Turkey, 4, 57, 61, 62–64, 65, 66, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 77, 80, 81, 126, 176, 211, 239
Ukraine, 204
UNESCO, 86–87
Uniate Catholics, 56, 59, 65
Unitatis redintegratio (The Restoration of Unity), Decree on Ecumenism, xii
United Nations, 86, 114, 118, 211, 215
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 212
United States, 16, 101, 117, 155, 156, 189, 211, 212, 215–16, 233–34
U.S. Supreme Court, 117
unity, 114, 118, 171, 193–95, 198, 244
Universal Church, 34
Vacante Sede Apostolica (On the Vacancy of the Apostolic See), 98–99
Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis (During Vacancies of the Apostolic See), 98
Valeri, Cardinal Valerio, 77, 102, 103
Van Lierde, Bishop Peter Canisius, 225, 226
van Roey, Josef-Ernest, 102
van Rossum, Cardinal Willem, 46, 48
Vatican, xii, 5, 51, 68, 133–47
diplomatic corps, 53–54, 55–74, 75–93
fascism and, 50–52, 65
hierarchy, xii, xiii, 111–14, 124, 125, 133–35, 140–43, 178
life in Vatican city, 133–40
Nazi persecution of Jews and, 71–74, 98, 239
papal election process, 22–23, 48, 68, 93, 98–107, 141, 231–32
preparations for Vatican II, 109–11, 143–47, 164–66
reforms under John XXIII, xiii, 133, 167–81, 185–210, 233–39, 241–45
Second Vatican Council, 167–81, 185–200, 201–18, 230, 233–39, 241–45
World War II and, 68–85, 138, 139
See also Catholic Church; papacy; Holy See; specific popes
Vatican Gardens, 137
Vatican Press Office, 172
Vatican II. See Second Vatican Council
Venice, 8, 23, 42, 88–93, 101
vernacular Mass, 178–80, 186, 198, 233–34, 236, 242
vestments, 106–7, 141, 188, 241
Vianney, Saint John, 119–24
viaticum, 5
Victor Emmanuel, King, 16
Victor Emmanuel III, King, 50, 60
Vietnam War, 212
Vincentians, 58
Virgin Mary, 12, 168, 188, 206
von Papen, Franz, 70–71, 73
West Africa, 124, 125
Willebrands, Johannes, 173, 203, 204
Wills, Garry, 156
Wilson, Woodrow, 45
women, 213
World Council of Churches, 115
World War I, 4, 7, 8, 23, 35, 36–37, 39–45, 55
beginning of, 35
end of, 44–45
World War II, xii, 4, 66, 68–85, 98, 138, 239, 244
end of, 84–85
Vatican and, 71–74, 98, 138, 139
Wyszynski, Cardinal Stefan, 222
Xavier, Saint Francis, 127
Young Turks, 62
Yugoslavia, 101, 188, 189
Zoghby, Elias, 174