Please note that index links to approximate location of each term.
Symbols
/ (division) block, 177
> (greater than) block, 64, 142
< (less than) block, 64, 75–76, 104, 162
* (multiplication) block, 160
- (subtraction) block, 92
A
account, Scratch website, 3–4, 11
AI (artificial intelligence), 186
all around rotation style, 89
Android, 3
animating sprites, 16, 22, 105–108, 112–115
Apples Collected variable, 184
arrows keys, 38–40, 42, 51, 53, 65, 67
artificial intelligence (AI), 186
Asteroid Breaker program
splitting hit asteroids, 133–135
starburst bomb, 143
timer, 136
wrapping spaceship around Stage, 124–126
asteroidbreaker.sb3, 140
asteroidbreaker-skeleton.sb3, 121
asteroid.png, 131
Asteroids (game), 119
Asteroid sprite, 131
Atari, 119
B
backdrops
Light backdrop, 41
Neon Tunnel backdrop, 103
Wall 1 backdrop, 59
xy-grid backdrop, 37
drawing, 103
uploading, 179
Backdrops tab, 103
background music, 104
Ball sprite, 127
Basketball program, 57
designing, 58
freezing hoop, 82
basketball-skeleton.sb3, 59
Basketball sprite, 72
blocks, 5. See also names of individual blocks and block types
deleting, 10
reporter, 9
Brick Breaker program
bouncing ball off bricks, 97
bouncing ball off paddle, 91–93
bouncing ball off walls, 90–91
brickbreaker-skeleton.sb3, 87
brightness effect, 115
broadcast block, 46
broadcasting messages, 47, 69, 76, 91–93, 97, 111–113, 133–135, 139
Brush tool, Paint Editor, 7, 20–21
C
Canvas, Paint Editor, 7
change effect by block, 108
change pen color by block, 26, 27
change size by block, 108, 113
change x by block, 38
change y by block, 38
Chomp sound, 133
Choose a Backdrop button. See backdrops
Choose a Costume button, 168, 172, 179
Choose a Sound button. See sounds, choosing from library
Circle tool, Paint Editor, 7
cloning sprites, 93
Color selectors, Paint Editor, 7
conditions
if then block, 39
if then else block, 110
not block, 175
wait until block, 101
Control blocks, 21
create clone of myself, 93
delete this clone, 134
forever, 11
if then, 39
if then else, 110
not, 175
repeat, 96
stop all, 99
wait seconds, 9
wait until, 101
when I start as a clone, 94
coordinates, 36
copying. See duplicating
costumes
choosing from library, 186
crab–a costume, 186
crab–b costume, 186
Costume center, 7
drawing, 168
exporting, 8
griffpatch, 168
Costumes tab, 6
crab–a costume, 186
crab–b costume, 186
create clone of myself block, 93
Creative Commons license, 13
custom blocks
editing, 165
D
Dance Celebrate sound, 104
degrees, 22
delete this clone block, 134
deleting
blocks, 10
clones, 134
sprites, 18
demos, 16
demoscene, 16
designing programs, 16–17, 34–35, 58, 86–87, 120–121, 148–149
direction, 22
direction block, 92
discussion forum, Scratch website, 13
division (/) block, 177
don’t rotate rotation style, 89
dragging blocks to Code Area, 10
drawing
backdrops, 103
costumes, 168
duplicating
blocks, 39
scripts, 25
sprites, 25
E
Energy variable, 141
Eraser tool, Paint Editor, 7
Events blocks
broadcast, 46
when green flag clicked, 10
when key pressed, 188
exporting costumes, 8
F
Fall.svg, 171
Fill tool, Paint Editor, 7, 49–50
Flappy Bird (game), 193
flashing colors, sprites, 104
floor block, 177
For all sprites option, for variable, 61
For this sprite only option, for variable, 61
forever block, 11, 22, 39–40, 63, 126, 142, 152, 156, 161–162
G
ghost effect
animating sprites, 106, 112–113, 182, 185
go to block, 27
go to front layer block, 44
greater than (>) block, 64, 142
griffpatch, 171
H
hide block, 72
hiding sprites. See ghost effect, hiding hitboxes
hitboxes, 70
hits variable, 131
I
I am a clone variable, 127
if on edge, bounce block, 90
if then block, 39
if then else block, 110
importing. See uploading
inertia, 120
input, defining, 157
iOS, 3
iteration, 162
iterative development, 17
J
Jonasson, Martin, 103
juice, 103
Jump.svg, 171
K
key, determining when pressed, 38
key pressed? block, 54
keys
arrow, 38–40, 42, 51, 53, 65, 67
WASD, 51
L
left-right rotation style, 89
less than (<) block, 64, 75–76, 104, 162
Lifelong Kindergarten Group (MIT Media Lab), 2
Light backdrop, 41
Line tool, Paint Editor, 7, 151
Linux, 3
Looks blocks
change effect by, 108
go to front layer, 44
hide, 72
next costume, 67
say, 6
set ghost effect to, 71–72, 185
set size to, 44
show, 95
switch costume to, 42
loops
forever, 11, 22, 39–40, 63, 126, 142, 152, 156, 161–162
repeat, 95–96, 107–108, 129–130
repeat until, 75, 77, 152, 155–156, 159, 184–185
M
macOS, 3
made basket variable, 77
Make a Block button, 155, 157, 175
Make a Variable button, 60
maze-part-a.sb3, 40
maze-part-b.sb3, 42
maze-part-c.sb3, 44
maze-skeleton.sb3, 35
Maze Runner program
keeping cat from walking through walls, 42
maze levels, 41
walking through walls, 54
Maze sprite, 41
messages, broadcasting, 47, 69, 76, 91–93, 97, 111–113, 133–135, 139
MIT Media Lab, 2
mod block, 177
modulo operation, 177
My Blocks category, 155
Motion blocks
change x by, 38
change y by, 38
direction, 92
go to, 27
if on edge, bounce, 90
move steps, 10
point in direction, 23
point towards, 23
set rotation style, 89
Motion blocks (continued)
turn clockwise degrees, 108, 115
mouse
aiming with, 128
pointing toward, 23
movement variable, 186
move steps block, 10
multiplication (*) block, 160
music, adding, 104
N
naming
programs, 18
sprites, 21
variables, 60
Neon Tunnel backdrop, 103
next costume block, 67
Nintendo, 147
not block, 175
O
offline editor, 4
Operator blocks
/ (division), 177
< (less than), 64, 75–76, 104, 162
* (multiplication), 160
floor, 177
mod, 177
not, 175
origin (point on Stage), 36
P
Pac-Man (game), 193
Paddle sprite, 88
Paint Editor, 7
Circle tool, 7
Eraser tool, 7
Pen blocks
change pen color by, 26
erase all, 26
pen down, 26
pen up, 26
set pen color to, 26
pick random block, 9, 22, 23, 82
Platformer program
adding crab enemies and apples, 184–192
platformer1.sb3, 154
platformer2.sb3, 156
platformer3.sb3, 160
platformer4.sb3, 163
platformer5.sb3, 167
platformer6.sb3, 170
platformer7.sb3, 179
platformer8.sb3, 183
PlatformerBackdrop.png, 179
PlatformerBackdropHitbox.png, 181
platformer–skeleton.sb2, 149
Player 1 Score variable, 73
play sound until done block, 46, 104
point in direction block, 23
point towards block, 23
programs. See also names of individual programs
naming, 18
remixing, 13
saving, 6
uploading, 35
Purho, Petri, 103
R
Rainbow Lines program
complete program, 28
Turbo Mode, 29
random numbers, generating, 23
Raspberry Pi, 3
receiving broadcasts, 46
Rectangle tool, Paint Editor, 7, 70
Redo button, 7
remainder, when dividing, 177
repeat block, 95–96, 107–108, 129–130
repeat until block, 75, 77, 152, 155–156, 159, 184–185
reporter blocks, 9
Restore option, 10
rotation styles, 89
rounding down, 177
Run without screen refresh option, 155–156, 157, 169, 175
S
saving programs, 6
sb3 files
asteroidbreaker.sb3, 140
asteroidbreaker–skeleton.sb3, 121
basketball–skeleton.sb3, 59
brickbreaker–skeleton.sb3, 87
maze–part–a.sb3, 40
maze–part–b.sb3, 42
maze–part–c.sb3, 44
maze–skeleton.sb3, 35
platformer1.sb3, 154
platformer2.sb3, 156
platformer3.sb3, 160
platformer4.sb3, 163
platformer5.sb3, 167
platformer6.sb3, 170
platformer7.sb3, 179
platformer8.sb3, 183
Score variable, 94
Scratch
discussion forum, 13
offline editor, 4
Scratchers, 2
scripts, 5
duplicating, 25
stopping, 5
See Inside button, Scratch website, 12
Select tool, Paint Editor, 7, 180
Sensing blocks
key pressed?, 54
touching?, 43
touching color?, 43
set ghost effect to block, 71–72, 185
set pen size to block, 26
set rotation style block, 89
set size to block, 44
Share button, 11
show block, 95
slopes, walking sprites up, 157–160
Sonic the Hedgehog (game), 57
Sound blocks
play sound until done block, 46, 104
start sound block, 68, 74, 109–110, 114, 139
sounds, choosing from library, 45
Chomp sound, 133
Dance Celebrate sound, 104
Spaceship.png, 122
Spaceship sprite, 122
speech bubble, 11
sprites, 5
choosing from library
Ball sprite, 127
Basketball sprite, 72
Tennis Ball sprite, 90
Tennis Ball2 sprite, 111
deleting, 18
drawing
duplicating, 25
flashing colors, 104
hiding. See ghost effect, hiding hitboxes
naming, 21
uploading
Asteroid sprite, 131
Maze sprite, 41
Spaceship sprite, 122
wrapping around Stage, 124–126
Stage, 5
starburst bomb, 143
start sound block, 68, 74, 109–110, 114, 139
stop all block, 99
Super Mario Bros. (game), 57, 145, 147
Super Meat Boy (game), 145
switch costume to block, 42
T
Tennis Ball sprite, 90
Tennis Ball2 sprite, 111
Text tool, Paint Editor, 7, 98–99, 100
timer, 136
touching? block, 43
transparency, for sprites, 108, 111. See also ghost effect
Turbo Mode, 29
turn clockwise degrees block, 108, 115
turn counterclockwise degrees block, 10
Tutorials Window, 12
two-player mode in Maze Runner, 49
U
uploading
backdrops, 179
programs, 35
V
Variable blocks,
change by, 62
set to, 62
variables
Apples Collected, 184
changing, 62
creating, 60
Energy, 141
For all sprites vs. For this sprite only options, 61–62
hits, 131
I am a clone, 127
made basket, 77
movement, 186
naming, 60
Score, 94
velocity, 60
W
wait seconds block, 9
wait until block, 100
Walk1.svg, 171
walking animation, sprites, 170–178
Wall 1 backdrop, 59
walls, 42
WASD keys, 51
when green flag clicked block, 10
when I receive block, 46, 69, 111
when I start as a clone block, 94
when key pressed block, 188
Windows, 3
wrapping around Stage, sprites, 124–126
X
x position block, 125, 129, 132
xy-grid backdrop, 36
Y
y position block, 64, 75, 98, 183
y velocity variable, 60, 122, 131, 151
Z
Zoom buttons, Paint Editor, 7