¹Cf. P. Lakshmi Narasu, The Essence of Buddhism (Madras, 191a), p. 35a n.

²Hue, in his Travels in Tartary (Hazlett’s trans., ii. 84), notes that TsonKhapa, the founder of the Gelugpa, or Established Reformed Church of Tibet,was acquainted with Christianity through Roman priests who seem to have hada mission near the place of his birth, in the Province of Amdo, China. ButTsoñ Khapa having been born during the latter half of the fourteenth centuryand having founded the Gelugpa during the early fifteenth, such probableChristian influence would be of no importance in relation to the primitiveunreformed Ñingmapa Church founded by Padma Sambhava in the eighth century,whence our Manuscript had its origin. The semi—reformed Kargyiitpa Sect, too,antedates the Gelugpa, having been founded in the last half of the eleventh century by Marpa (see p. 135³), whose chief guru was the Indian Pandit Atlsha (cf. Waddell, The Buddhism of Tibet, pp. 54—75).