INDEX

• ABC Revolutionary Society, 165–66

• Abreu Cardet, José, 95

• Abril Amores, Eduardo, 38, 144

• Academia de la Historia, 156

• Acosta, Agustín, 135, 146

• Acosta, Inocencia, 241

• Acosta Felipe, Ignacio de, 49

• Agramonte, Ignacio, 90, 143, 146, 183, 201, 215, 248;

  • as model and inspiration, 99, 153, 192, 198;

  • biography, 155–56

• Agüero, Joaquín de, 35, 110, 195

• Aguilar León, Luis, 220

• Aguilera, Dulce María, 225

• Aguilera, Francisco Vicente, 146

• Aguirre, Sergio, 85, 259

• Alarcón, Ricardo, 254

• Alarcón Ramírez, Dariel, 205

• Alcalá Galiano, Dionisio, 52

• Alfonso, Ramón, 130

• Almeida Bosque, Juan, 193

• Alonso, Dora, 174

• Alonso, Ricardo, 153, 189–90, 200, 243–44

• Alvarez, Consuelo, 92

• Amado Blanco, Luis, 221

• Amérigo, Federico, 45

• Aramburo y Machado, Mariano, 38–39, 45

• Arango, Arturo, 263, 282

• Aranguren Martínez, Benito, 101

• Araquistain, Luis, 162

• Arbelo, Manuel, 79, 124

• Arche, Jorge, 148

• Arcocha, Juan, 222

• Ardura, Ernesto, 185

• Arias Bardou, Miguel, 45

• Armas y Cárdenas, José de, 47–48

• Armenteros, José Isidoro, 35, 110

• Arnao, Juan, 107

• Arrate, José María Félix de, 36

• Arredondo, Francisco de, 155

• Arrom, José Juan, 144, 176–77

• Art: and national formation, 40, 41;

  • landscapes, 41, 46, 148;

  • and vanguard painters, 147–48;

  • and national identity, 148–49

• Artiles, Freddy, 206–7

• Asociación de Buen Gobierno, 163

• Asociación Pro Enseñanza de Hechos Históricos, 142

• Austin, George, 48–49

• Azcuy, Adela, 143

• Báez, Francisco Javier, 52

• Bahr, Aida, 175, 241

• Baird, Robert, 51

• Balanzó, Miguel, 129–30

• Barnet, Miguel, 46

• Barras, Antonio de las, 59, 60

• Barton, Clara, 27

• Basulto de Montoya, Flora, 101

• Batista, Fulgencio, 135, 188, 189, 201, 205, 208, 226, 249, 271;

  • and conspiracy in 1933, 167;

  • coup of 1952, 184–85, 195;

  • armed opposition to, 187, 190, 191, 200;

  • fall of government, 206

• Batrell Oviedo, Ricardo, 86, 128

• Benítez Veguillas, Mariano, 96, 103

• Benvenuto, Sergio, 242

• Bergés, Rodolfo, 97

• Beso de la Patria, 144, 145

• Betancourt, José Ramón, 47

• Betancourt, Jose Victoriano, 49

• Betancourt, Luis Victoriano, 42, 69–70

• Betancourt, Pedro, 146

• Betancourt Cisneros, Gaspar, 42, 58

• Bevin, Teresa, 282

• Bisbé, Manuel, 137

• Blanco, Juan Antonio, 254

• Boloña, Concepción, 92

• Bonachea, Ramón, 227

• Boti, Regino, 146, 275

• Boza, María de Carmen, 154

• Braden, Spruille, 135–36

• Bremer, Fredrika, 43–44

• Brooke, John R., 130

• Bruguera, Tania, 279

• Brull, Mariano, 146

• Bustamante, José Angel, 138

• Cabrera, Luis Rolando, 155

• Cabrera, Raimundo, 24, 53, 79, 80;

  • and war for independence (1895–98), 74, 81;

  • on independence, 86;

  • and Ten Years War (1868–78), 108;

  • on Cuban malaise, 139

• Caffery, Jefferson, 134

• Calcagno, Francisco, 47

• Calero, José, 82

• Campos Marquetti, Generoso, 129

• Campos Santos, Pedro, 277

• Campuzano, Luisa, 48, 145

• Candler, Mrs. W. A., 27

• Cantero, Justo, 46

• Cantril, Hadley, 274

• Carabalosa, José Virgilio, 225

• Carbonell y Rivero, Néstor, 155

• Cardenal, Ernesto, 274

• Cárdenas, José María, 42

• Carpentier, Alejo, 44

• Carrasco, Isabel, 155

• Carreras, Julio, 179

• Carrillo, Francisco, 143

• Carrillo, María Antonia, 282

• Carrión, Miguel de, 146

• Cartography, 52

• Casal, Julián de, 51

• Casanellas Cué, Liliana, 45

• Casanova de Villaverde, Emilia, 79, 90, 132

• Castellanos, Jesús, 146

• Castillo de González, Aurelia, 91

• Castillo Duany, Demetrio, 188

• Castillo Mas, Belarmino, 188, 192

• Castro, Fidel, 194, 195, 215, 216, 238, 253, 258, 260;

  • and use of history, 196–200, 204–5, 208–12, 217–18, 255, 265–68, 278–79;

  • and historical sources of armed struggle, 198–99, 200, 205–6;

  • imprisonment, 204;

  • and Agrarian Reform, 228;

  • and United States, 232–33, 243;

  • on revolution, 240–41;

  • on treason, 243–46;

  • and Diario de la Marina, 248;

  • and single party, 253

• Castro, Raúl, 198, 275;

  • and program of Twenty-Six of July Movement, 192;

  • on history and revolution, 217, 268, 279, 280;

  • on treason, 244

• Casuso, Teresa, 199

• Catholic church, 250;

  • and Spanish clerics, 250–51;

  • opposition to 1959 revolution, 251–53

• Caturla Brú, Victoria, 95–96

• Cavada, Federico, 97–98

• Cebreco, Agustín, 121, 188

• Censuses, 51–52;

  • of 1899, 28

• Centro de Veteranos, 177, 179

• Céspedes, Carlos Manuel de, 59, 94, 143, 146, 183, 201, 215, 248, 260, 264, 269, 279;

  • as model and inspiration, 99, 107, 146, 153, 192, 265, 269;

  • and war for independence, 132

• Céspedes Fornaris, Ramón, 82, 98

• Cervantes, Ignacio, 44

• Chamizo, José, 225

• Chartrand, Augusto, 45

• Chartrand, Esteban, 45

• Chartrand, Felipe, 45

• Chibás, Eduardo, 184, 198

• Cienfuegos, Camilo, 204–5, 247;

  • and Beso de la Patria, 145;

  • on duty of Cuban, 192;

  • and revolution as continuation of history, 217

• Cirujeda, Francisco, 248–49

• Cisneros Betancourt, Salvador, 29, 132

• Civic Resistance, 190

• Codrescu, Andrei, 222

• Cofiño, Manuel, 231, 275

• Cohucelo, Pedro José, 161

• Collazo, Enrique, 85, 107, 126, 156

• Confederación Nacional Obrera de Cuba (CNOC), 163

• Consejo de Veteranos, 179

• Constitutions, 85;

  • of Guáimaro (1869), 69, 142, 189;

  • of 1901, 121;

  • of 1940, 142;

  • of 1976, 270

• Corbett, Ben, 277

• Corbett, Roberta Day, 48

• Cortés, Mercedes, 90

• Corvisón, Segundo, 86;

  • on childhood, 101

• Cossío Woodward, Miguel, 221

• Costumbrismo, 42

• Coyula, Mario, 185, 191

• Crombet, Flor, 201

• Crowder, Enoch, 134

• Cruz, Manuel de la, 107

• Cruz Muñoz, Alberto de la, 101

• Cuadras de la Cruz, Gloria, 188

• Cuesta Braniella, María, 208

• Dana, Richard, 54, 60

• Darbois León, René, 89–90

• de Armas, Ramón, 238

• Décimas, and national formation, 44–45

• de la Fe, Salvador, 50

• de la Fuentes, Alejandro, 128

• de la Torre, José María, 43, 52

• de la Torriente, Cosme, 142

• Delgado González, Juan, 143

• Demography, post–1898, 27–28

• Denoes, Edmundo, 159

• Diario de la Marina, 247–50

• Díaz, Antonio, 225

• Díaz, Pedro, 143

• Díaz, René, 194–95

• Directorio Estudiantil Universitario (DEU), 163, 164–65, 167

• Directorio Revolucionario (DR), 190, 191, 214;

  • resistance to Fulgencio Batista, 195;

  • founding of Second Front of Escambray, 195–96

• Domínguez, Jorge, 174

• Dorr, Nicolás, 241

• Dorschner, John, 185–86

• Duarte y Ramos, Antonio, 33

• Dubois, Jules, 192, 214

• Ducasse, Vidal, 188

• Duque, Matías, 90, 142, 153, 156, 162

• Echeverría, José Antonio, 36, 195

• Emigration, 50–51;

  • and poetry of exile, 50–51;

  • and national formation, 52–54;

  • and war for independence (1895–98), 66

• Enríquez, Carlos, 148

• Entralgo, Elías, 156

• Erenchun, Félix, 52

• Escalante Beatón, Aníbal, 142

• Espín, Vilma, 191

• Espinosa, Ciro, 153

• Espinosa y Ramos, Serafín, 103, 118

• Estrada Palma, Tomás, 81, 129, 135

• Falange de Acción Cubana, 163

• Family, 100–102;

  • and gender relations, 88–95;

  • and child rearing, 91, 95

• Fanon, Frantz, 114

• Federación Estudiantil Universitaria (FEU), 163;

  • opposition to Fulgencio Batista, 189, 195

• Federación Nacional de Asociaciones Femeninas, 163

• Felipe, Carlos, 45

• Fernández, Arístides, 148

• Fernández, Pablo Armando, 222, 247

• Fernández Barrios, Flor, 174

• Fernández de Castro, Rafael, 120–21

• Fernández Iruela, Africa, 91

• Fernández Retamar, Roberto, 215, 221

• Fernández Robaina, Tomás, 77

• Ferreiro, Pilar, 60

• Ferrer, Ada, 76

• Ferrer, Horacio, 49–50, 99–100

• Figueredo y Socarrás, Fernando, 164

• Flint, Grover, 96, 103–4

• Flórez Ibarra, Armando J., 221

• Fontanés, Eulalia, 274

• Fornaris, José, 49

• Fornet, Ambrosio, 269, 274, 281

• Franco, José Luciano, 156

• Franqui, Carlos, 145, 174

• Free, Lloyd, 233

• Galiano, Dionisio, 55–56

• Gallenga, Antonio, 54

• Gandarilla, César, 160–61

• Garbalosa, Graziela, 146

• García, Calixto, 143, 183, 201, 204, 209, 217;

  • on independence, 78;

  • and war for independence (1895–98), 83;

  • as model and inspiration, 145, 210, 223

• García, Cristina, 137–38

• García, Guillermo, 175

• García, Luis, 246

• García, Mercedes, 100

• García, Tony Santiago, 214–15

• García Arboleya, José, 52

• García Bárcena, Rafael, 196

• García Espinosa, Julio, 207

• García Olivares, Julio, 191, 193–94

• García-Pérez, Gladys Marel, 173, 190

• García Valdés, Pedro, 154

• García Vega, Lorenzo, 179

• García Velez, Carlos: and war for independence (1895–98), 71–72, 74;

  • and independence, 86;

  • and childhood, 99, 102;

  • on Cuban malaise, 137

• Gardner, Arthur, 134, 185

• Gattorno, Antonio, 148

• Gay-Calbó, Enrique, 123, 156

• Geography, 52

• Giberga, Eliseo, 108, 112

• Gil, Lourdes, 174

• Goicuría, Domingo, 82–83

• Gómez, José Miguel, 135, 144

• Gómez, Juan Gualberto, 56–57, 121–22, 188

• Gómez, Máximo, 107, 146, 183, 201, 204, 217, 249;

  • on independence, 117, 118;

  • as model and inspiration, 145, 151, 153, 205, 232, 265

• Gómez de Avellaneda, Gertrudis, 48

• Gómez Toro, Francisco, 93, 176

• Gonzales, William E., 134

• González, Feliciano, 127

• González, Hiram, 213–14

• González, Justo, 58

• González de Cascorro, Raúl, 185

• González Lanuza, José Antonio, 135

• Goodman, Walter, 43

• Granados, María Josefa, 105

• Granda, Manuel J. de, 53, 98

• Grau San Martín, Ramón, 166–67, 168, 184

• Grillo, Longoria, 146–47

• Grupo Minorista, 147, 163, 227

• Guerra, Lillian, 73

• Guerra y Sánchez, Ramiro, 156, 158, 164;

  • on post–1898 conditions, 26;

  • on poetry, 50;

  • on war for independence (1895–98), 85;

  • on Ten Years War (1868–78), 108;

  • and meaning of nation, 132;

  • on Cuban malaise, 139;

  • on history, 140–41, 152–53, 154

• Guevara, Alfredo, 195, 256, 260

• Guevara, Ernesto, 204

• Guggenheim, Harry F., 134

• Guillén, Nicolás, 146, 240, 242

• Guiteras, Antonio, 168, 192, 198, 227, 249

• Guiteras, Pedro José, 36

• Gutiérrez, Pedro Juan, 262

• Gutiérrez, Salvador, 174–75

• Gutiérrez Alea, Tomás, 255–56

• Hart, Armando, 239–40

• Hazard, Samuel, 60

• Henríquez Ureña, Max, 47, 48

• Heras León, Eduardo, 258

• Heredia, José Maria de, 49

• Heredia, Nicolás, 48

• Hergesheimer, Joseph, 141

• Hernández, Eusebio, 77, 143

• Hernández, Rafael, 254, 264, 276, 284

• Hernández de la Barca, Alicia, 174

• Hernández Miyares, Enrique, 53

• Hernández Zayas, Roberto, 190

• Herrera, José Isabel, 24

• Hevia, Carlos, 185

• Historiography, 284;

  • colonial, 33–37;

  • and memoirs, 142;

  • and historical education, 145, 153–55, 256–59, 270–71, 279;

  • and biography, 155–56;

  • in early republic, 156–57, 160–61;

  • and armed opposition, 187–94;

  • and 1959 revolution, 208, 227;

  • political use of history, 261, 265–68, 271;

  • during Special Period, 263–64, 265–72

• Hogar de Veteranos, 177

• Horrego Estuch, Leopoldo, 156, 158

• Hunt, Christopher, 265

• Ibarra, Jorge, 44, 110, 258

• Ichaso, Francisco, 165–66

• Iglesias, Fe, 34

• Infante Uribazo, Enzo, 176, 190–91, 193, 203

• Instituto Cubano de Arte e Industria Cinematográficos, 255–56

• Instituto Cubano de Radio y Televisión, 255

• Iraizoz, Antonio, 45, 131

• Iturrondo, José Francisco, 49

• Izaguirre, José María, 93

• Iznaga, Diana, 141–42

• Izquierdo Canosa, Raúl, 261

• James Figarola, Joel, 113

• Jiménez, Guillermo, 190, 191

• Jiménez, Teódulo, 45

• Joven Cuba, 168

• Junta Cubana de Renovación Nacional, 163–64

• Jura de la Bandera, 144–45

• Justiz y del Valle, Tomás, 57

• Labrador, Andrés Felipe, 186

• Lachambre, José, 112–13

• Lacret Morlot, José, 96

• Landscape art, 41;

  • and national formation, 45–46, 148

• Lapique Becali, Zoila, 260

• Laplante, Eduardo, 46

• Larrúa de Quintana, Dolores, 91

• Lazo, Raimundo, 49

• Lazo Pérez, Mario, 192–93

• Lee, Fitzhugh, 25–26

• Leiseca, Juan, 152

• Leiva, Elio, 151–52

• León Rosabal, Blancamar, 102

• LeRiverend, Julio, 156

• Levis, Richard, 54–55

• Lewis, Allen, 43

• Lewis, Oscar, 241, 274

• Leyte Vidal, Francisco, 143

• Lezama Lima, José, 48;

  • on Cuban malaise, 186;

  • on Fidel Castro, 221

• Liga Anti-Imperialista, 163

• Liga contra la Enmienda Platt, 163

• Linares, Manuel, 56

• Llaverías, Joaquín, 142

• Llerena, Mario, 199, 227

• Lockwood, Lee, 247

• Long, Boas, 134

• López, Narciso, 35, 107, 110, 201, 248

• López Fresquet, Rufo, 187, 214

• López Lemus, Virgilio, 45

• Lorenzo, Raúl, 227

• Lores y Llorens, Eduardo, 49

• Loveira, Carlos, 83, 146

• Loynaz del Castillo, Enrique, 99, 142

• Luaces, Joaquín Lorenzo, 49

• Luz y Caballero, José de la, 67, 183

• Macaulay, Neill, 175–76

• Maceo, Antonio, 99, 143, 176, 183, 188, 201, 204–5, 215, 225, 226, 260, 264;

  • on sacrifice, 28;

  • on history, 37–38;

  • on national sovereignty, 67, 69, 79, 132;

  • and war for independence (1895–98), 73, 82;

  • on race, 76, 77;

  • as model and inspiration, 144–45, 151, 153, 155, 232, 265, 269;

  • and Diario de la Marina, 248–49, 250;

  • and Protest of Baraguá, 271–72

• Machado, Gerardo, 134, 135, 164, 165–66, 191, 249, 271

• Malpica la Barca, Domingo, 47, 53

• Mañach, Jorge: on history, 35;

  • and self-determination, 137;

  • on Cuban malaise, 138, 185;

  • on 1933, 166;

  • on veterans, 177;

  • on triumph of 1959 revolution, 214, 218

• Manuel, Víctor, 148

• Mar, Marcia del, 213

• Marbán, Edilberto, 152

• Marcy, William, 117

• Marinello, Juan, 138, 176

• Marrero, Leví, 108, 217

• Martí, Jorge, 221

• Martí, José, 107, 133, 139, 143, 159, 169, 183, 187, 188, 198, 201, 215, 217, 218, 226, 240, 259, 260, 264, 279;

  • on history, 37;

  • and idea of nation, 71;

  • and war of independence, 72;

  • and moral republic, 74;

  • on race and independence, 75, 77;

  • on sacrifice, 79;

  • on treason, 80;

  • as model and inspiration, 84, 144–45, 151, 152, 153, 154, 163, 190, 192, 194, 204, 217, 227, 232, 257, 265, 269;

  • and national sovereignty, 85;

  • on motherhood, 91;

  • on patria, 91, 132;

  • as political icon, 146, 165, 189, 195, 200, 254;

  • and Diario de la Marina, 248, 249, 250;

  • on founding of Partido Revolucionario Cubano (PRC), 253;

  • and single party, 253

• Martínez, Juan, 148

• Martínez Campos, Arsenio, 28, 112

• Martínez Fernández, Alba, 188

• Martínez Heredia, Fernando, 181, 261

• Martínez Sáenz, Joaquín, 187

• Martínez Villena, Rubén, 163, 215

• Masó, Bartolomé, 69, 201

• Maspon Franco, Juan, 98

• Massaguer, Conrado, 147

• Matthews, Herbert, 204, 206

• Matos, Huber, 200;

  • and Jura de la Bandera, 145;

  • on historical legacy, 193, 227

• Mazola Collazo, Giraldo, 174, 176;

  • and Civic Resistance, 190

• Mayner y Ros, José, 55

• McLeary, James, 26

• Medina, Waldo, 139, 215

• Mella, Julio Antonio, 165, 198, 215, 159

• Méndez Capote, Domingo, 146

• Menocal, Mario G., 135

• Menocal, Narciso, 45

• Merchán, Rafael, 58

• Mesa, Blanca Mercedes, 191

• Mesa Vidal, José, 155

• Meza, Ramón, 47

• Mialhe, Federico, 46

• Milanés, Federico, 53

• Milanés, José Jacinto, 41–42, 49

• Miranda, Belén de, 50

• Miranda, Luis Rodolfo, 142

• Miret, Pedro, 192

• Miró Agenter, José, 97

• Monal, Isabel, 274

• Moncada, Guillermo, 155

• Montejo, Esteban, 127, 222

• Montori, Arturo, 131

• Morales y Morales, Vidal, 36

• Moreno, Francisco José, 135, 175, 187

• Moreno Fraginals, Manuel, 44, 260, 261

• Morilla, Pedro José, 48

• Morúa Delgado, Martín, 48, 128

• Movimiento de Veteranos y Patriotas, 163, 164, 227

• Movimiento Nacional Revolucionario (MNR), 196

• Movimiento 26 de Julio (MR 26-7), 137, 192;

  • and use of history, 196–97, 198, 202–3;

  • and Manifesto-Program, 200–202;

  • and armed struggle, 205–6;

  • and project of nation, 207–8

• Muecke, Carlos, 24

• Musgrave, George Clarke, 96, 105

• Music: and national formation, 42–44, 46;

  • philharmonic societies, 58–59;

  • opera, 61

• Napolés Fajardo, Juan Cristobal, 49

• Nationality: sources of, 32–33;

  • and historical knowledge, 33–37;

  • and poetry, 41–42, 48–50;

  • and music, 41–44, 46;

  • and costumbrismo, 42;

  • and dance, 44;

  • décima, 44–45;

  • and art, 45–46;

  • novel, 47–48, 146

• Navarro, Noel, 181, 187

• Nieto, Benigno, 194, 253

• Núñez, Emilio, 143

• Núñez Jiménez, Antonio, 261

• Ober, Frederick, 141

• Olema, Daura, 220

• Organizaciones Revolucionarias Integradas (ORI), 253

• Orozco, María Elena, 60–61

• Ortal-Miranda, Yolanda, 247

• Ortiz, Fernando, 130, 156, 164;

  • on music, 43;

  • on Cuban malaise, 136, 139

• Otero, Lisandro, 185, 207, 263, 270, 276

• Pact of Caracas, 194

• Pact of Zanjón, 108, 176, 196

• Padilla, Heberto, 137

• Padró Griñán, Tomás, 188

• Padrón, Juan, 177

• Palacio, Ramón J. de, 43

• Partido Comunista de Cuba (PCC), 163, 165, 241, 243, 253, 254–55, 270

• Partido Independiente de Color (PIC), 129, 133–34, 162

• Partido Revolucionario Cubano (PRC), 71, 189, 204, 198, 199, 253, 255

• Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Auténtico) (PRC-A), 135, 168, 185

• Paz, Senel, 219, 276

• Pedrosa, Regino, 146

• Peláez, Amelia, 148

• Peñarredonda, Magdalena, 143

• Pérez, Angel, 96

• Pérez, Antonio Gonzalo, 57

• Pérez, Faustino, 192

• Pérez, Nicolás, 269

• Pérez Abreu, Gustavo, 79

• Pérez de Zambrana, Luisa, 49

• Pérez Guzmán, Francisco, 274

• Pérez Montes de Oca, Julia, 49

• Pérez Sanjurjo, Elena, 44

• Pezuela, Jacobo de la, 36, 52

• Philalethes, Demoticus, 97

• Phillips, Ruby Hart, 214

• Pichardo, Esteban, 47, 52

• Pichardo, Hortensia, 156, 158

• Pichardo, Manuel, 53

• Piedra Martel, Manuel, 103, 124, 142

• Pierra, Fidel, 56

• Pierra de Poo, Martina, 79

• Piña, Ramón, 47

• Pirala, Antonio, 97

• Pittaluga, Gustavo, 138

• Plasencia, Aleida, 261

• Platt Amendment, 163, 166, 167–68, 202, 231, 248, 250;

  • and U.S. interests, 121;

  • and Cuban response, 123–24, 137, 138, 161, 232

• Poetry, 41;

  • and national formation, 48–50;

  • and emigration, 50–51

• Poey, Felipe, 52

• Pogolotti, Graciella, 117, 148

• Polavieja, Camilo, 86–87, 96, 104, 109, 112

• Portela, Ena Lucía, 276

• Portell Vilá, Herminio, 156;

  • role of history, 153;

  • on Platt Amendment, 167–68;

  • on Cuban malaise, 186;

  • and 1952 military coup, 186

• Porter, Robert, 26–27

• Portuondo, Jose Antonio, 259, 260

• Portuondo del Prado, Fernando, 152, 156, 158, 242, 261

• Poveda, José Manuel, 146;

  • on Cuban malaise, 137;

  • on Ten Years War, 157–58

• Protesta de los Trece, 163

• Protest of Baraguá, 165, 209;

  • and ABC Revolutionary Society, 166;

  • as metaphors for Special Period, 271–72

• Puerto, Conrado del, 190

• Quesada, Gonzalo de, 106–7

• Quesada Torres, Salvador, 127

• Quintero, Luis, 93

• Quintero, Tania, 145, 177

• Race relations: and José Martí, 75, 77;

  • and war for independence (1895–98), 75–78;

  • and Antonio Maceo, 76, 77;

  • and post-war Cuba, 128–30;

  • Veteranos y Sociedades de la Raza de Color, 129

• Ramos, José Antonio, 139, 146, 169;

  • on history, 150–51

• Ramos Hernández, Víctor, 188

• Ramos Yániz, Arnaldo, 186

• Ramsey, Henry, 230

• Ravenet, Domingo, 148

• Remos, Juan, 42, 49;

  • on women and independence, 89, 92

• Rey, Santiago, 25, 106, 127

• Reyes Castillo, Maria de los, 206

• Rionda, Manuel, 134

• Rivero, Arnaldo, 192

• Roa, Ramón, 79, 107

• Roa, Raúl, 138, 220;

  • on war for independence (1895–98), 163, 169;

  • historical sources of revolution, 183, 239;

  • and United States, 230–31;

  • sources of revolution, 263–64

• Robreño, Carlota, 49

• Robreño, Gustavo, 106, 118

• Roca, Blas, 226

• Rodríguez, Alejandro, 127, 188

• Rodríguez, Carlos Rafael, 242

• Rodríguez, Francisco, 144

• Rodríguez, Luis Felipe, 22–23, 146

• Rodríguez, Rafael, 52

• Rodríguez-Acosta, Ofelia, 123–24, 146, 157

• Rodríguez Astiazaraín, Nicolás, 158–59, 284

• Rodríguez-Embil, Luis, 82, 85, 106, 140

• Rodríguez Feo, José, 226

• Rodríguez Ferrer, Miguel, 52

• Roig de Leuchsenring, Emilio, 156, 158, 164;

  • on role of history, 151;

  • on triumph of 1959 revolution, 223;

  • and Catholic church, 251–52

• Rojas, Rafael, 195, 242

• Romero Arciaga, Lorenzo, 148

• Romero Ramudo, Manuel, 256

• Roosevelt, Theodore, 122

• Root, Elihu, 120, 122

• Rosas, Julio, 48

• Rosell, Eduardo, 86

• Rosenberg, Charles, 60

• Rosende y de Zayas, Angel, 103

• Rubens, Horatio, 105

• Rubio, Isabel, 143, 146

• Ruiz, Agustín, 29

• Ruiz Espadero, Nicolás, 44

• Rumbaut, Rubén Darío, 185

• Saco, Jose Antonio, 39, 67

• Sáenz y Sáenz, Eusebio, 97

• Sagra, Ramón de, 52

• St. George, Andrew, 204

• Saíz Montes de Oca, Luis, 192

• Salinas, Marcelo, 125

• Salkey, Andrew, 222

• Sánchez, Julián, 27

• Sánchez, Lidia, 60–61

• Sánchez, Serafín, 143

• Sanguily, Manuel, 29;

  • on Ten Years War (1868–78), 71, 108;

  • on childhood, 102;

  • on history, 108–9

• Sanjenís, Avelino, 24, 79, 86, 105

• San Martín, Marta, 227

• San Millán, Blas, 42

• Santacilia, Pedro, 35, 50

• Santa Cruz y Montalvo, María de los Mercedes, 58

• Santovenia, Emeterio, 156

• Sanz Carta, Valentín, 45

• Saumell Robredo, Manuel, 44

• Second Front of Escambray, 195–96

• Serbello, Hernando, 60

• Serpa, Enrique, 149

• Serra, Rafael, 128

• Sigarroa, Rosario, 38

• Slavery, 75–76;

  • and nineteenth-century novel, 48

• Smith, Earl E. T., 134

• Sobrado, Juan Jorge, 105

• Sociedad Cubana de Estudios Históricos e Internacionales, 156

• Soler Puig, José, 118, 134, 193;

  • and fall of Batista, 206;

  • and Fidel Castro, 221

• Sotolongo, Rodolfo, 174

• Soviet Union, 262, 264

• Steinhart, Frank, 134

• Suárez, Orlando, 260

• Suárez del Villar, Rita, 90, 102–3, 143, 176

• Suárez Hernández, Georgina, 253–54

• Suárez y Romero, Anselmo, 42, 132;

  • and antislavery novel, 48

• Sullivan, Edward Robert, 60

• Taber, Robert, 204

• Tamargo, Agustín, 194

• Tanco, Félix, 48

• Tarragó, Rafael, 84

• Tejada, José Joaquín, 45

• Tejera, Diego Vicente, 48, 80;

  • on poetry, 49;

  • on war for independence, 74, 84;

  • and race relations, 75

• Teurbe Tolón, Miguel, 49

• Thomas, Hugh, 218

• Todd, Carlos, 217

• Torrente, Mariano, 104

• Torres, María de los Angeles, 173

• Torres-Cuevas, Eduardo, 36–37, 158, 258

• Torres Pita, Carlos, 277

• Travieso, Julio, 190

• Treaty of Paris (1898), 120

• Trejo, Rafael, 198

• Ubieta, Enrique, 105

• Unión Nacional de Historiadores de Cuba, 264

• United States, 262, 279;

  • and intervention (1898–1902), 117–22;

  • and Platt Amendment, 121;

  • and intervention, 133–34;

  • and revolution of 1959, 229–33, 243

• Urrutia, Manuel, 214

• Urrutia y Montoya, Ignacio, 35

• Valdés, Antonio José, 36

• Valdés, Ramiro, 239

• Valdés, Zoé, 270

• Valdés Codina, Carlos, 155

• Valdés Domínguez, Fermín, 57, 94, 96;

  • on war for independence, 26, 72, 75, 82, 83, 84, 102, 109–10;

  • on sacrifice, 28–29;

  • on treason, 80

• Valdespino, Andrés, 220

• Varela, Félix, 67, 183

• Varona, Enrique José, 54, 57, 140, 156, 163

• Varona Guerrero, Miguel, 141, 142

• Vázquez Díaz, René, 138

• Vázquez Rodríguez, Benigno, 156

• Velasco, Carlos de, 132

• Venegas, Carlos, 60

• Veteranos y Sociedades de la Raza de Color, 129

• Vidal, Guillermo Vincente, 212–13, 220

• Viera Linares, José, 254

• Viera Trejo, Bernardo, 193

• Villa, Alvaro de, 174, 247

• Villa, Armando, 203

• Villate, Gaspar, 44

• Villaverde, Cirilo, 47, 48

• Villegas Tamayo, Harry, 142–43, 190

• Villoch, Tomás, 117

• Vitier, Cintio, 50, 157, 264;

  • on history, 159, 160;

  • on Cuban malaise, 186–87;

  • and triumph of 1959 revolution, 215

• Wars of independence: and economic effects, 22–26;

  • Ten Years War (1868–78), 27, 80, 82, 91, 99, 101–2, 105–7, 108, 157, 166, 175, 189, 194, 196, 239, 257, 260;

  • war for independence (1895–98), 27–28, 82, 182–83;

  • and women, 97–98, 99, 104–5;

  • and veterans, 176–79

• Welles, Sumner, 134, 167

• Weyler, Valeriano, 104–5, 278

• White, José, 44

• Wood, Leonard, 121, 122

• Woodruff, Louisa Mathilda, 44

• Wurdemann, John, 51

• Ximeno, Dolores María de, 38, 96

• Zambrana, Antonio, 48

• Zanetti, Oscar, 238

• Zayas, Alfredo, 135

• Zequeira, Manuel de, 42, 49