Grammar Assumed:
The Middle and Passive Voices. Present Indicative, Middle and Passive. Future Indicative Middle. Clauses Expressing Fear.
Alexander tames Bucephalas to the wonderment of his father and others
ἐπεὶ δὲ Φιλονίκου τοῦ Θεσσαλοῦ τὸν Βουκεφάλαν ἀγαγόντος ὤνιον τῷ Φιλίππῳ τρισκαίδεκα ταλάντων κατέβησαν εἰς τὸ πεδίον δοκιμάσοντες τὸν ἵππον, ἐδόκει τε χαλεπὸς εἶναι καὶ μάλιστα δεινός, οὔτε ἀναβάτην προσιέμενος οὔτε φωνὴν ὑπομένων τινὸς τῶν περὶ τὸν Φίλιππον, ἀλλ᾽ ἁπάντων κατεξανιστάμενος, χαλεπῶς δὲ φερόντος τοῦ Φιλίππου καὶ κελεύοντος ἀπάγειν ὡς πάντως ἄγριον καὶ ἀκόλαστον, παρὼν Ἀλέξανδρος εἶπεν· “οἷον ἵππον ἀπολλύουσι δι᾽ ἀπειρίαν καὶ μαλακίαν χρήσασθαι μὴ δυνάμενοι,” τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον ὁ Φίλιππος ἐσιώπησε· πολλάκις δὲ αὐτοῦ παραφθεγγομένου καὶ περιπαθοῦντος, “ἐπιτιμᾷς σύ,” ἔφη, “πρεσβυτέροις ὥς τι πλέον αὐτὸς εἰδὼς ἢ μᾶλλον ἵππῳ χρήσθαι δυνάμενος;” “τούτῳ γοῦν,” ἔφη, “χρησαίμην ἂν ἑτέρου βέλτιον.”
γενομένου δὲ γέλωτος, εὐθὺς προσδραμὼν τῷ ἵππῳ ἐπέστρεψε πρὸς τὸν ἥλιον, ἐννοήσας ὅτι τὴν σκιὰν προπίπτουσαν καὶ σαλευομένην ὁρῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ διαταράττοιτο. μικρὰ δὲ αὐτῳ παρακαλπάσας καὶ καταψήσας, ὡς ἑώρα πληρούμενον θυμοῦ καὶ πνεύματος, ἀσφαλῶς περιέβη.
τῶν δὲ περὶ τὸν Φίλιππον φοβουμενῶν μὴ Ἀλέξανδρος πάθῃ τι κακόν, ἦν ἀγωνία καὶ σιγὴ τὸ πρῶτον ὡς δὲ ὑπέστρεψεν ἀσφαλῶς σοβαρὸς, οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι πάντες ἀνηλάλαξαν, ὁ δὲ πατὴρ καὶ δακρῦσαί τι λέγεται πρὸς τὴν χαράν, καὶ καταβάντος αὐτοῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν φιλήσας, “ὦ παῖ,” φάναι, “ζήτει σεαυτῷ βασιλείαν ἴσην Μακεδονία γάρ σε οὐ χωρεῖ.”
Plutarch. Alexander. 6
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Vocabulary |
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Φιλονίκος,-ου, ὀ |
Philonikos |
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Θεσσαλός,-οῦ, ὁ |
a Thessalian, one from Thessaly, a district of Northern Greece |
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Βουκεφάλας,-α, ἡ |
Bucephalas, the name of a breed of Thessalian horses that became the name of Alexander’s horse |
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Φιλίππος,-ου, ὁ |
Philip of Macedon, father of Alexander |
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ὤνιος,-α,-ον |
for sale |
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τρισκαίδεκα (cf. Lesson 37) |
(τρεῖς + καί + δέκα) thirteen |
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καταβαίνω,-βήσομαι, κατέβησα (cf. Lesson 38) |
to go down |
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δοκιμάζω,-σω, ἐδοκίμασα |
to test |
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ἵππος,-ου, ὁ (Lesson 26) |
horse |
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ἀναβάτης,-ου, ὁ |
rider |
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προσίημι (πρός + ἵημι) |
to let (something) come near to one |
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ὑπομένω |
to submit to |
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Vocabulary (continued) |
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φωνή,-ής, ἡ (Lesson 11, n. 3; Lesson 28) |
voice |
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κατεξανίσταμαι, —, κατεξανέστην (+ gen) |
to rear |
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ἄγριος,-α,-ον |
wild |
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ἀκόλαστας,-ον |
untamable |
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ἀπολλύω, ἀπολέσω, ἀπώλεσα (cf. Lesson 31 for a -μι form of the verb) |
to lose |
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ἀπειρία,-ας, ἡ |
inexperience |
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μαλακία,-ας, ἡ |
weakness |
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χράομαι, χρήσομαι, ἐχρησάμην (Lesson 32) |
to manage |
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σιωπάω,-ήσομαι, ἐσιώπησα |
to be silent |
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παραφθέγγομαι, -φθέγξομαι |
to interrupt |
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περιπαθέω |
to be in a state of violent emotion |
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ἐπιτιμάω,-ήσω (+ dat) (cf. Lesson 15) |
to rebuke (someone) |
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πρεσβύτερος,-α,-ον (Lesson 14, n. 10) |
older, elder |
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γοῦν |
at least |
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γέλος, γέλωτος, ὁ |
laughter |
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Vocabulary (continued) |
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προστρέχω,-δραμοῦμαι,-έδραμον (cf. Lesson 34) |
to run towards |
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ἐπιστρέπω,-στρέψω, ἐπέστρεψα |
to turn towards |
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ἐννοέω,-ήσω, ἐννώσας or ἐννοήσας |
to notice (here the 3rd principal part is the Aor. Ptc.) |
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σκία,-ας, ἡ (Lesson 3, n. 7; Lesson 11, n. 2) |
shadow |
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προπίπτω,-πεσοῦμαι, προὔπεσον (cf. Lesson 18) |
to fall in front of |
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σαλεύω, σαλευθήσομαι, ἐσάλευσα |
here “to dance” |
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διαταράττω,-ξω |
to throw into great confusion, to confound utterly |
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παρακαλπάζω |
to run beside (a trotting horse) |
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καταψήχω,-ξω, κατέψησα |
to caress, stroke |
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ἑώρα (Lesson 40) |
3rd sing. Impft. Act. Ind. of ὁράω: to see |
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πληρόω,-ώσω,— (+ gen) |
to be full of (something) |
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θυμός,-οῦ, ὁ |
vigor |
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πνεῦμα,-ατος, τό |
spirit |
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Vocabulary (continued) |
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ἀσφαλῶς |
safely |
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περιβαίνω (cf. Lesson 38) |
to mount |
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πάσχω, πείσομαι, ἔπαθον (Lesson 31) |
to suffer |
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ἀγωνία,-ας, ἡ |
anguish |
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σιγή,-ῆς, ἡ (Lesson 7, n. 6) |
silence |
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ὑποστρέφω,-ψω, ὑπέστρεψα |
to return |
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σοβαρός,-ά,-όν |
proud |
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ἀναλαλάζω,-ξω, ἀνηλάλαξα |
to shout aloud |
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δακρύω,-ύσω, ἐδάκρυσα |
to weep |
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χαρά,-ας, ἡ |
joy |
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φιλέω, φιλήσω, ἐφίλησα |
here “to kiss” |
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φάναι (Lesson 40) |
Pres. Act. Inf. of φημί, φήσω, ἔφησα “to say” |
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ζήτει (Lesson 28) |
2nd sing. Pres. Act. Impv. of ζητέω “to seek” |
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ἴσος,-η,-ον (Lesson 8, n. 1; Lesson 9, n. 7) |
equal |
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χωρέω, χωρήσω, ἐχώρησα |
to contain |