18. The Sphinx of the Tuileries

0.     Louis Napoléon Bonaparte, Jerrold, op. cit., vol. III, p. 96.

0.     Auguste de Morny to his father, Jan. 26, 1852, in Guedalla, op. cit., p. 157.

0.     Emily, Lady Palmerston to Margaret de Flahaut, Jan. 3, 1852, Broadlands, Guedalla, op. cit., pp. 171–172.

0.     Palmerston to Laurence Sullivan, Dec. 16, 1851, Brown, op. cit., p. 327; see also, Palmerston to his brother William Temple, Dec. [?] 1851. p. 307.

0.     On the value of the Orléans estate, see Jerrold, op. cit., vol. III, pp. 105–106, 108; Flahaut to Morny, Jan. 19, 1853, Guedalla, op. cit., p. 194.

0.     Fanny Le Hon to Flahaut, Wednesday, Jan. 16, 1852, Guedalla, op. cit., pp. 197–198.

0.     Morny to his father, Friday, Jan. 23, and Monday, Jan. 26, 1852, Guedalla, op. cit., pp. 199–200, and 201–202.

0.     Fanny to Charles de Flahaut, Wednesday, Jan. 21, 1852, and Flahaut to Morny, Jan. 27, 1852, Guedalla, op. cit., pp. 203–205; on the sale of the Hôtel de Massa, e.g., see Morny to Margaret de Flahaut, Dec. 17, 1852, Guedalla, Ibid., pp. 242–243.

0.     Louis Napoléon to Morny, March 2, 1852, Guedalla, Ibid., pp. 225–226, 227; Carmona points out Jérôme’s insensate hatred of Morny, in his biography, op. cit., p. 217.

0.   Fanny to Flahaut, Jan. 1852, Dufresne, op. cit., pp. 176–177.

0.   Louis Napoléon to Morny, March 2, 1852, Guedalla, op. cit., pp. 225–226. Cf. Dufresne, op. cit., pp. 176–177, citing a good quote, although I have not used it (Louis Napoléon to Morny).

0.   Carmona, op. cit., p. 216. Morny, 24,374, the government candidate, 797. Contrary to orders the prefect of Clermont had supported Morny over his government-sponsored rival. Morny was continuously elected a deputy from his twenties until the time of his death.

0.   Bronne, op. cit., pp. 179–180.

0.   Jerrold, op. cit., vol. III, pp. 108–109.

0.   Jerrold, Ibid., vol. III, p. 109.

0.   Jerrold, Ibid., vol. III, p. 110.

0.   Bronne, op. cit., p. 180. Ironically, Morny’s fabled citadel of Nades burned down in 1879. Everything he had built in his ephemeral world seemed to vanish the moment he died, apart from his children, Deauville and Longchamps, of which more anon later in this book.

0.   Morny to Flahaut, Sunday, April 15, 1852, in Guedalla, op. cit., pp. 232–234.

0.   Jerrold, op. cit., vol. III, p. 115.

0.   Jerrold, Ibid., vol. III, p. 116. Between January 1 and December 31, 1852, Louis Napoléon had reduced the army from 446,000 to 400,000 men.

0.   Jerrold, Ibid., vol. III, p. 115.

0.   Carmona, op. cit., p. 221. While many historians including Jerrold claim this tour to have been quite successful (Jerrold, vol. III, pp. 115–116).

0.   Carmona, Ibid., p. 221.

0.   Carmona, Ibid., p. 222.

0.   Paul Gagnon, France Since 1789 (New York: Harper & Row, 1972), p. 165. Jerrold, op. cit., vol. III, p. 118; Girard, op. cit., p 183; Carmona, op. cit., p 223.

0.   Jerrold, op. cit., vol. III, p. 119.

0.   The Senate announced this at St. Cloud on May 18, 1804. The procedure was different then, however, for the national plebiscite confirming this only took place on the sixth of November, although the voting was dramatically rigged in Napoléon’s favor. The coronation in Notre Dame Cathedral took place on December 2, 1805. Schom, Napoléon Bonaparte, pp. 333–334. In the November 1804 plebiscite on the acceptance of the empire 3,572,328 had voted for it, only 2,569 against. Napoléon again broke world records, with 99.999 percent of the French electorate voting for him. There is no evidence that Louis Napoléon or his staff had tampered with the tabulation of votes on Nov. 21–22, 1852; the two million abstentions alone attest to this, they obviously refused to support his empire.

0.   Jerrold, op. cit., vol. III, pp. 118–119.

0.   Jerrold, Ibid., vol. III, p. 220.