NOTES

1. Father and Daughter

Interviews

Bobby “Blue” Bland, Jesse Jackson, Marvin Gaye, James Cleveland, Carolyn Franklin, B.B. King, Cecil Franklin, Erma Franklin, Ruth Bowen

Books

Franklin and Ritz, Aretha: From These Roots

Heilbut, The Fan Who Knew Too Much

2. Instability

Interviews

Cecil Franklin, Anna Gordy, Smokey Robinson, Buddy Guy, Erma Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, James Cleveland

3. Mothers and Fathers

Interviews

Ruth Bowen, Erma Franklin, Billy Preston, James Cleveland, B.B. King, Cecil Franklin

Books

Salvatore, Singing in a Strange Land

Ward-Royster and Rose, How I Got Over

4. The Sex Circus

Interviews

Ray Charles, Billy Preston, Ruth Bowen, Etta James, Jerry Wexler, Carl Bean, Vaughn Franklin, Erma Franklin, Cecil Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, James Cleveland, Johnnie Taylor

Books

Wexler and Ritz, Rhythm and the Blues

5. The Blood

Interviews

Jerry Wexler, Carolyn Franklin, Cecil Franklin, James Cleveland, John Hammond, Brenda Corbett, Erma Franklin

Recordings

Songs of Faith, Chess Records, 1956

Articles

“Blast on Gospel Singers’ Style Pits Baker Against Clara Ward,” Chicago Defender, November 26, 1955

“Disc by Detroit Minister on Top,” Chicago Defender, October 20, 1956

Books

Salvatore, Singing in a Strange Land

6. Moving On Up

Interviews

James Cleveland, Ray Charles, Oscar Peterson, Erma Franklin, Johnnie Taylor, Cecil Franklin, Carolyn Franklin

7. The Biggest and Best

Interviews

Cecil Franklin, Phil Moore, Major Holley, Jerry Wexler, John Hammond, Harvey Fuqua, Carolyn Franklin, Carmen McRae

Recordings

Aretha, Columbia, 1961

Articles

Review of “Love Is the Only Thing” and “Today I Sing the Blues,” Billboard, September 26, 1960

Review of “Won’t Be Long” and “Right Now,” Billboard, December 26, 1960

Jack Maher, “Aretha Franklin Debs at Vanguard,” Billboard, October 17, 1960

8. Gentleman Pimp

Interviews

Erma Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, Bettye LaVette, Etta James, Cecil Franklin, Harvey Fuqua, Joe Newman, Quincy Jones

Recordings

The Electrifying Aretha Franklin, Columbia, 1962

Articles

New York Beat, Jet, May 4, 1961

Franklin named top new-star female vocalist, Down Beat, August 3, 1961

“From Gospel to Jazz Is Not Disrespect for the Lord,” New York Amsterdam News, August 26, 1961

Books

LaVette and Ritz, A Woman Like Me

9. Water, Water Everywhere

Interviews

Carolyn Franklin, Erma Franklin, Bobby Scott, Jerry Wexler, Phil Walden, Cecil Franklin, Etta James, Sarah Vaughan

Recordings

The Tender, the Moving, the Swinging Aretha Franklin, Columbia, 1962

Laughing on the Outside, Columbia, 1963

Unforgettable: A Tribute to Dinah Washington, Columbia, 1964

Articles

Jack Maher, “Newport ’62 a Swinging Affair,” Billboard, July 21, 1962

Review of “Just for a Thrill” and “Try a Little Tenderness,” Billboard, August 11, 1962

People Are Talking About, Jet, November, 29, 1962

People Are Talking About, Jet, June 13, 1963

Books

Kelley, Thelonious Monk

Freeman, Otis!

Cohodas, Queen

10. What a Difference a Day Makes

Interviews

Etta James, Ruth Bowen, Erma Franklin, John Hammond, Clyde Otis

Recordings

Unforgettable: A Tribute to Dinah Washington, Columbia, 1964

Articles

“The Swingin’ Aretha,” Ebony, March 1964

11. Fools

Interviews

Clyde Otis, Jerry Wexler, John Hammond, Carolyn Franklin, Cecil Franklin, Erma Franklin

Recordings

Runnin’ Out of Fools, Columbia, 1964

Articles

Roger Scott, Nashville Scene, Billboard, May 29, 1965

12. Never Loved

Interviews

Jerry Wexler, Jimmy Johnson, Ruth Bowen, Erma Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, Roger Hawkins, Dan Penn, Rick Hall, Tommy Dowd, Cecil Franklin, Luther Vandross

Recordings

I Never Loved a Man the Way I Love You, Atlantic, 1967

Articles

Franklin signs exclusive contract with Atlantic, reported in Billboard, December 3, 1966

Books

Wexler and Ritz, Rhythm and the Blues

13. Keep Rolling

Interviews

Carmen McRae, Jerry Wexler, Earline Franklin, Cecil Franklin, Ray Charles, Ruth Bowen, Erma Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, Joe South, Nat Hentoff

Recordings

I Never Loved a Man the Way I Love You, Atlantic, 1967

Aretha Arrives, Atlantic, 1967

Articles

Franklin recovering from broken arm, reported in Jet, May 18, 1967

Franklin appears at tribute to her father, reported in Time, June 29, 1967

14. Natural

Interviews

Jerry Wexler, Arif Mardin, Carolyn Franklin, Erma Franklin, Ruth Bowen

Recordings

Lady Soul, Atlantic, 1968

Articles

Franklin recuperating from eye injury, reported in Jet, December 14, 1967

C. Higgins, reported in People Are Talking About, Jet, December 28, 1967

15. Year of Years

Interviews

Carolyn Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Cecil Franklin, Arif Mardin, Tommy Dowd, David Newman, Erma Franklin, Ruth Bowen, Carmen McRae

Recordings

Lady Soul, Atlantic, 1968

Aretha Now, 1968

Aretha Franklin: Soul ’69, Atlantic, 1969

Aretha in Paris, Atlantic, 1968

Aretha’s Gold, Atlantic, 1969

Articles

16. High Maintenance

Interviews

Dennis Edwards, Erma Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Cecil Franklin, Brenda Corbett, Ruth Bowen

Recordings

Aretha Now, Atlantic, 1968

This Girl’s in Love with You, Atlantic, 1970

Spirit in the Dark, Atlantic, 1970

Articles

Franklin asked to write Carolyn Franklin’s liner notes, reported in Jet, April 3, 1969

Ed Ochs, Plans for “Soul Bowl ’69,” reported in Billboard, May 17, 1969

C. Higgins, Franklin’s whereabouts a mystery, reported in People Are Talking About, Jet, July 10, 1969

Franklin’s stay in Ford Hospital, reported in Jet, July 24, 1969

“Aretha Franklin Fined $50,” New York Times, July 26, 1969

“Aretha Franklin Forfeits Bond; Pays $50 Fine,” Jet, August 7, 1969

17. Spirit

Interviews

Carolyn Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Cecil Franklin, Earline Franklin, Joel Dorn, Ruth Bowen, Erma Franklin, Stan Getz, Billy Preston

Recordings

Aretha Franklin: Rare and Unreleased Recordings from the Golden Reign of the Queen of Soul, Rhino, 2007

Spirit in the Dark, Atlantic, 1970

Young, Gifted, and Black, Atlantic, 1972

Articles

“Sam Cooke’s Brother, Charles, Is Shot in Detroit,” Jet, January 15, 1970

“Aretha Falls Ill in St. Louis; Is Treated in New York,” Jet, July 16, 1970

C. Higgins, Franklin back from European tour, reported in People Are Talking About, Jet, September 15, 1970

“Aretha Says She’ll Go Angela’s Bond If Permitted,” Jet, December 3, 1970

C. Higgins, Franklin family forming charitable foundation, reported in People Are Talking About, Jet, December 24, 1970

18. Right Reverend

Interviews

Carolyn Franklin, Erma Franklin, Ruth Bowen, Cecil Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Billy Preston, Brenda Corbett, Claude Nobs

Recordings

Young, Gifted, and Black, Atlantic, 1972

Let Me in Your Life, Atlantic, 1974

Articles

“Aretha Denies Being Told Not to Perform to Aid Angela Davis,” Jet, May 27, 1971

Ian Dove, review of Franklin’s Apollo Theater Concert, Billboard, June 12, 1971

“Soul Queen Fumes Over Treatment by Italian Cops,” Jet, July 15, 1971

“Aretha Ignores Critics; Resets South African Tour, January, 1972,” Jet, July 29, 1971

Don Heckman, “Spell on Audience Is Cast at Garden by Aretha Franklin,” New York Times, October 24, 1971

Charles L. Sanders, “Aretha: A Close-Up Look at Sister Superstar,” Ebony, December 1971

Books

Pleasants, The Great American Popular Singers

19. Amazing

Interviews

Jerry Wexler, James Cleveland, Marvin Gaye, Cecil Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, Carmen McRae, Billy Preston

Recordings

Aretha Franklin: Rare and Unreleased Recordings from the Golden Reign of the Queen of Soul, Rhino, 2007

Spirit in the Dark, Atlantic, 1970

Young, Gifted, and Black, Atlantic, 1972

Amazing Grace, Atlantic, 1972

Books

Cohen, Amazing Grace

20. Hey

Interviews

Billy Preston, Cecil Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Erma Franklin, Ruth Bowen

Recordings

Aretha Franklin: Rare and Unreleased Recordings from the Golden Reign of the Queen of Soul, Rhino, 2007

Aretha Franklin: Soul ’69, Atlantic, 1969

Hey Now Hey (The Other Side of the Sky), Atlantic, 1973

Amazing Grace, Atlantic, 1972

Articles

“Jackson PUSHes On,” Time, January 3, 1972

M. Cordell Thompson, “Aretha Is Rocking Steady Now,” Jet, March 9, 1972

Lynn Van Matre, review of Franklin’s concert at Chicago’s Arie Theater, Chicago Tribune, June 12, 1972

“Aretha to Entertain Inmates Here,” Chicago Tribune, June 12, 1972

Franklin’s diet and exercise regimen, reported in Jet, August 24, 1972

Books

Jones, Q: The Autobiography of Quincy Jones

21. Shop Around

Interviews

Ruth Bowen, Cecil Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Earline Franklin, Erma Franklin, Norman Dugger, Gene Page, Brenda Corbett

Recordings

Amazing Grace, Atlantic, 1972

Hey Now Hey (The Other Side of the Sky), Atlantic, 1973

Let Me in Your Life, Atlantic, 1974

With Everything I Feel in Me, Atlantic, 1974

You, Atlantic, 1975

Articles

Franklin and Ken Cunningham scouting locations for a film, reported in Jet, October 12, 1972

“Aretha Franklin’s ‘Mini Meals’ Diet Helps Shed Pounds,” Jet, March 29, 1973

“Aretha Buries Rumors About ‘Going Crazy,’” Jet, April 12, 1973

William Earl Berry, rumor that Franklin has seminude scene in film, reported in People Are Talking About, Jet, April 12, 1973

Franklin’s surprise Easter visit to Canaan Baptist Church in Harlem, reported in New York Beat, Jet, May 17, 1973

Franklin returns from yacht cruise, reported in New York Beat, Jet, January 31, 1974

Franklin’s stellar performance at the Auditorium Theater, Chicago, reported in Jet, March 21, 1974

John Rockwell, “Aretha Franklin Opens at the Apollo,” New York Times, March 10, 1974

Ken Cunningham writing a script, reported in Jet, March 28, 1974

M. Cordell Thompson, “A Visit with Aretha Franklin,” Jet, May 2, 1974

“First Lady of Talent Booking,” Ebony, June 1974

“The New Aretha,” Ebony, October 1974

Schooling of Franklin’s sons Clarence and Edward, reported in Jet, June 9, 1975

Review of concert at Westchester Premier Theater, Billboard, June 14, 1975

Franklin back in New York, reported in New York Beat, Jet, September 25, 1975

22. The Spark

Interviews

Ruth Bowen, Carolyn Franklin, Cecil Franklin, Erma Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Natalie Cole, Jeffrey Kruger

Recordings

Sparkle, Atlantic, 1976

Sweet Passion, Atlantic, 1977

Articles

Books

Cole and Ritz, Love Brought Me Back

23. Fairy-Tale Princess

Interviews

Carolyn Franklin, Erma Franklin, Cecil Franklin, Jerry Wexler

Recordings

Sweet Passion, Atlantic, 1977

Sparkle, Atlantic, 1976

Almighty Fire, Atlantic, 1978

Articles

“A Fabulous Party—Until Somebody Stole the Doves,” Jet, May 11, 1978

Full-page self-promotional ad in Variety, June 20, 1978

“Aretha and Glynn,” Ebony, July 1978

Jean Williams, “Los Angeles Aretha Fete a Puzzler,” Billboard, July 22, 1978

24. The Hustle

Interviews

Cecil Franklin, Ahmet Ertegun, Ruth Bowen, Carolyn Franklin, Jerry Wexler

Recordings

La Diva, Atlantic, 1979

Articles

“Aretha Adopts New Lifestyle with New Family,” Jet, January 25, 1979

Jean Williams’s review of Franklin’s concert at Harrah’s Lake Tahoe, Billboard, February 10, 1979

Photo with Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter, Jet, March 29, 1979

25. Daddy’s Little Girl

Interviews

Carolyn Franklin, Erma Franklin, Cecil Franklin, Ruth Bowen, Arif Mardin

Recordings

Aretha, Arista, 1980

Articles

26. Back on Track

Interviews

Arif Mardin, Cecil Franklin, Luther Vandross, Erma Franklin, Carolyn Franklin

Recordings

Love All the Hurt Away, Arista, 1981

Jump to It, Arista, 1982

Articles

Stephen Holden, review of Love All the Hurt Away, New York Times, October 11, 1981

Julie Chenault, “Aretha Franklin Tells Why Weight Doesn’t Worry Her Anymore,” Jet, September 17, 1981

Review of Jump to It, Billboard, July 31, 1982

Nelson George, review of Franklin at Superfest, Billboard, September 25, 1982

Franklin comments on her father’s health, reported in Jet, August 9, 1982

Dissolution of Franklin-Turman marriage, reported in Celebrity Beat, Jet, August 23, 1982

27. Home

Interviews

Carolyn Franklin, Cecil Franklin, Ruth Bowen, Erma Franklin

Recordings

Jump to It, Arista, 1982

Articles

“Aretha Franklin Sponsors 2nd Annual Artist’s Ball to Benefit Comatose Dad,” Jet, November 7, 1983

Franklin to sue Arista, reported in Jet, November 21, 1983

28. Our Father

Interviews

Earline Franklin, Erma Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, Ruth Bowen, Cecil Franklin, Narada Michael Walden, Luther Vandross, Jerry Wexler

Recordings

Who’s Zoomin’ Who?, Arista, 1985

Articles

29. Diva-fication

Interviews

Jerry Wexler, Erma Franklin, Carolyn Franklin, Ray Charles, Luther Vandross, Brenda Corbett, Cecil Franklin, Ruth Bowen, Dick Alen

Recordings

Aretha, Arista, 1986

Articles

Jon Pareles, review of Aretha, New York Times, November 2, 1986

Nelson George, Franklin doesn’t travel by plane, reported in Rhythm and the Blues, Billboard, July 19, 1986

Books

Richards and Fox, Life

30. In the Storm Too Long

Interviews

Cecil Franklin, Brenda Corbett, James Cleveland, Erma Franklin, Ruth Bowen, Ahmet Ertegun

Recordings

One Lord, One Faith, One Baptism, Arista, 1987

Articles

John Rockwell, review of One Lord, One Faith, One Baptism, New York Times, December 13, 1987

Photo of Franklin at annual masquerade ball, in Jet, August 22, 1988

Books

Bego, Aretha Franklin

31. The Mixture As Before

Interviews

Ruth Bowen, Jerry Wexler, Erma Franklin, Luther Vandross

Recordings

Through the Storm, Arista, 1989

Books

Franklin and Ritz, Aretha: From These Roots

32. Party Therapy

Interviews

Erma Franklin, Dick Alen, Arif Mardin, Oliver Leiber, Ruth Bowen, Vaughn Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Carmen McRae, Phil Ramone

Recordings

Articles

“New York Magistrate Rules Aretha Should Pay $230,000 for Backing Out on Play,” Jet, February 19, 1990

Jon Pareles, “The Unpredictable Aretha Franklin,” New York Times, August 11, 1990

“Aretha Franklin Talks About Men in Her Life and Sings Songs About Them,” Jet, August 19, 1991

Stephen Holden, “Aretha Franklin Almost Turns a Concert into a Fashion Show,” New York Times, September 16, 1991

“IRS Puts $225,000 Tax Lien on Aretha Franklin’s Home,” Jet, December 14, 1992

Ginia Bellafante, “Respect? Fur-get It,” Time, February 1, 1993

Jon Pareles, “Aretha Franklin in Stellar Company and on Her Own,” New York Times, April 29, 1993

“Aretha Blasts Columnist Over Quips About Gown,” Jet, May 31, 1993

Books

Franklin and Ritz, Aretha: From These Roots

Davis and DeCurtis, The Soundtrack of My Life

33. A Rose

Interviews

Vaughn Franklin, Erma Franklin, Ruth Bowen, Ray Charles, Jerry Wexler

Recordings

“It Hurts Like Hell,” on Waiting to Exhale: Original Soundtrack Album, various artists, Arista, 1995

A Rose Is Still a Rose, Arista, 1998

“I’ll Fly Away,” on Diana: Princess of Wales Tribute, various artists, Sony Records, 1997

What You See Is What You Sweat, Arista, 1991

Articles

Books

Franklin and Ritz, Aretha: From These Roots

Knight, Between Each Line

Ward-Royster and Rose, How I Got Over

34. Vincerò

Interviews

Vaughn Franklin, Jerry Wexler, Eric Keil, Ruth Bowen

Recordings

“Respect,” on Blues Brothers 2000, Universal Records, 1998

“Nessun Dorma,” on Jewels in the Crown: All-Star Duets with the Queen, Arista, 2007

Articles

Larry Flick, “The Grammys: Big Wins, Big Buzz,” Billboard, March 7, 1998

Fred Bronson, Chart Beat, Billboard, March 14, 1998

Fred Bronson, Chart Beat, Billboard, March 21, 1998

Clarence Waldron, “Aretha Franklin Talks About Being a Diva,” Jet, May 18, 1998

Franklin listed as one of the most influential people of the twentieth century, Time, June 8, 1998

“Arista’s Record Year,” Billboard, July 25, 1998

Lynn Norment, “Aretha Roars Back and Gets R-E-S-P-E-C-T,” Ebony, August 1998

35. Damage Control

Interviews

Erma Franklin, Ruth Bowen

Articles

“Why Doesn’t Aretha Pay Her Bills?,” Detroit Free Press, February 15, 1999

“Franklin Calls Story on Alleged Financial Woes ‘Malicious and Vicious,’” Jet, March 8, 1999

Franklin performs at the White House Correspondents’ Association dinner, reported in New York Times, May 3, 1999

Gail Mitchell, “Aretha Pairs Up for Set of Duets and Turns Author,” Billboard, July 29, 1999

Aretha: From These Roots on New York Times bestseller list (hardcover nonfiction), September 24, 1999

Books

Franklin and Ritz, Aretha: From These Roots

36. What Aretha Wants

Interviews

Jerry Wexler, Ruth Bowen, Dick Alen, Ahmet Ertegun, Erma Franklin, Sabrina Owens, Earline Franklin

Recordings

Jewels in the Crown: All-Star Duets with the Queen, Arista, 2007

A Woman Falling Out of Love, Aretha’s Records, 2011

Articles

Gail Mitchell, review of the Duets album, Rhythm and the Blues, Billboard, March 25, 2000

Ben Ratliff, “What Aretha Wants and Needs She Doesn’t Always Get,” New York Times, June 26, 2000

Franklin suing Star for article disparaging her, reported in Detroit Free Press, November 29, 2001

Books

Cole and Diehl, Angel on My Shoulder

37. Oldies but Goodies

Interviews

Ruth Bowen, Troy Taylor, Gordon Chambers, Burt Bacharach, Earline Franklin

Articles

Jon Pareles, review of “The Only Thing Missin’,” New York Times, June 29, 2003

Fred Bronson, “Missing No More,” Billboard, July 19, 2003

Clarence Waldron, “Aretha Franklin Returns with Soulful CD, ‘So Damn Happy,’” Jet, September 29, 2003

“The Queen Still Reigns,” Ebony, March 2004

Clarence Waldron, “Queen of Soul Aretha Franklin Proclaims Today’s New R&B Royalty,” Jet, June 25, 2007

Jon Pareles, “The Queen of Soul Takes Control,” New York Times, November 4, 2007

Clarence Waldron, “Life on the Road Forces the Queen of Soul to Find a New Strategy in Her Battle with Weight,” Jet, November 19, 2007

“Aretha Franklin Refuses to Share Her Royal Title,” Jet, March 3, 2008

Franklin named greatest singer of the rock era, reported in Rolling Stone, November 2008

“Diva’s Duet,” Jet, August 23, 2010

Recordings

Jewels in the Crown: All-Star Duets with the Queen, Arista, 2007

So Damn Happy, Arista, 2003

This Christmas, Rhino, 2009

A Woman Falling Out of Love, Aretha’s Records, 2011

Books

Franklin and Ritz, Aretha: From These Roots

38. A Woman Falling Out of Love

Interviews

Rashod Ollison, Ruth Bowen, Cheryl Pawelski, Earline Franklin

Recordings

A Woman Falling Out of Love, Aretha’s Records, 2011

Articles

Franklin discusses her inauguration hat, reported in Newsweek, March 12, 2012

“Aretha Franklin Cancer,” National Enquirer, December 8, 2010

Patricia Shipp, “Aretha Cancer Tragedy,” National Enquirer, December 20, 2010

Clarence Waldron, “Aretha Franklin: The Lord Will Bring Me Through,” Jet, January 10, 2011

“It’s a New Chapter in My Life,” Jet, March 7, 2011

Will Hermes, review of A Woman Falling Out of Love, Rolling Stone, May 26, 2011

Composer Norman West sues Franklin, reported in Billboard, August 2, 2011

Franklin sings at same-sex wedding, reported in New York Times, October 20, 2011

Franklin announces she is marrying Willie Wilkerson, reported by the Associated Press, January 6, 2012

Books

Franklin and Ritz, Aretha: From These Roots

39. The Once and Future Queen

Interviews

Earline Franklin, Brenda Corbett

Articles

Ben Ratliff, review of the Essence Music Festival, New York Times, July 9, 2012

Franklin interested in being American Idol judge, reported by Reuters, July 15, 2012