Index

ABC, 3

accents, 166–70, 234–35nn124–25, 235n129

access to characters, 79, 83, 118

accuracy, historical, 8, 14, 16, 18, 27, 49

actors: character construction and, 87, 90–91; star identification, 91–92, 95; vocal performance and, 146, 165–67, 169–70

“acts of showing,” 134

Adams, Michael C. C., 147

advertisers, 5, 178, 190n9

affective engagement, 17, 43, 48

Affordable Homeownership Program (NOAH), 118, 123–25

Affron, Charles and Mirella Jona, 31

African American culture, 80–81, 114–16, 119–22, 126–29

Albrecht, Chris, 61

Alexander, Khandi, 134–35

alignment, 68, 77, 79, 83–84, 118–19, 122–23

allegiance, 77, 83–84, 118–19, 122–23, 211n76

Allison, Tanine, 148

Alten, Stanley, 156

alteration, 20

Altman, Rick, 144, 157

“Am I a Camera? Other Reflections on Films and History” (Herlihy), 14

Amazon, 136, 152, 178, 184

Ambrose, Stephen, 7, 141, 155, 167

AMC, 6

American Crime Story, 138

American Historical Review (AHR) forum (1988), 13–15

American public memory, 147–48

American Quarterly, 143

Americanization of History, 17

Amistad, 9, 12

ancrage, 149

Anderson, Steve, 18

Annalistes, 102

anthology dramas, 4, 9

“Any Resemblance to Persons Living or Dead” (Davis), 14

appearance, character, 87–88

Apple TV Plus, 136

appointment viewing, 138

architecture, 33, 35, 40–41. See also community; sets

art departments: and authenticity, 49, 50–51, 52–53; budget considerations, 31, 35, 51, 60; role of, 6, 58–59

art television, 52

AT&T, 178, 237n11

Atlantic City, New Jersey, 76, 77–78, 80–81

audience: character alignment and, 68, 77, 79, 83–84, 90; engagement of, 42, 43, 48, 64–66, 220n58; expectations of, 38, 44–49, 70, 77–78, 150; historical knowledge of, 63, 93–97, 226n134; identity, 11; loyalty, 105, 108; memory of, 11, 18, 48, 65, 138; and online forums, 104–5; ratings, 138–39, 182–83, 219n45; response differences in, 91–92; viewing habits of, 1–2; audio commentaries, 134–35

audiovisual language, 43

Auditory Culture Reader, The, 143

authenticity: and invention and, 20, 50–53, 68, 75–76, 160, 185–86; physical, 27, 28, 32, 43–47, 49, 50; and sound, 156–60

author-historians, 53, 130, 184

AV Club, 42, 169

backstory, 85–87

Bakhtin, Mikhail, 119

Band of Brothers, 7, 8, 9, 12, 22, 23, 59, 140–76; budget for, 141–42; characters in, 67; and historical interpretation, 182; and invention, 186; popular myth in, 147–48, 176; real historical figures and, 98; and sound, 145–52, 154–55; themes in, 146–47, 149, 151, 152, 166, 168

Band of Brothers (Ambrose), 155

Barber, Samuel, 151

Barker, Jennifer, 45

Barsacq, Léon, 31

Barthes, Roland, 27, 38, 102, 103, 149

Basinger, Jeanine, 168

“Bastogne” (Band of Brothers), 147

Batiste-Williams, Daymo, 109, 110, 112, 113

Batiste-Williams, LaDonna, 108, 109, 111, 113

Batiste, Antoine, 108, 110–11

BBC, 12, 177

beats, 109–12, 219n50

Beethoven, Ludwig van, 154

Behr, Edward, 73

Bell, Erin, 18

Belton, John, 144

Bergfelder, Tim, 31, 33

Bergreen, Laurence, 74

Bernette, Creighton, 101, 114–15, 118, 215n4

Bernette, Toni, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114

Beshears, Laura, 70

Bewkes, Jeff, 141

“Beyond Bourbon Street” (Treme), 134

Bianchi, Ed, 56

Big Three networks, 3

Billard, Thomas J., 138

binge-watching, 138, 178

Blithe, Albert, 169, 186, 239n28

Blu-ray, 108, 126, 132–33, 135, 136, 149

Boardwalk Empire, 7, 8, 9, 12, 22, 23, 59, 63–99; characters inspired by historical figures, 76–84; cultural incorporation in, 80–81; fictional characters, 84–93; as historically conscious drama, 183; and invention, 185; music and, 154; narrative experimentation in, 137; production design for, 61; real historical characters, 68–76; series ending of, 139; theme exploration in, 64

Boardwalk Empire: The Birth, High Times, and Corruption of Atlantic City (Johnson), 63

Bochco, Steven, 66

Bodnar, John, 148, 151

“Bomber’s Moon” (Playhouse 90), 9

Bordwell, David, 29, 109, 114

Bork, Erik, 171

Boyle, Jimmy, 158, 159

Branson, Will, 119, 120, 122

“Breaking Point, The” (Band of Brothers), 163–64, 170, 171

Bridgers, Sean, 55

British heritage cinema, 17

Brown, Richard D., 130

Brown, W. Earl, 55–56, 60

Bryant, Janie, 32, 46, 50, 51, 52, 58, 59

budget: constraints and, 60–61; HBO’s, 2, 3, 5–6, 21, 25–26, 105, 177; serials and, 26, 117; and special features, 133; technology and, 141, 145, 176

buildings, 33, 35, 40–41. See also community; sets

Bullock, Seth, 25, 63, 96

Burgoyne, Robert, 192n45

Burke, Peter, 27–28, 116, 130, 136, 198n13

Burns, Walter Noble, 73

Burtt, Ben, 142

Buscemi, Steve, 68, 91, 213n95

Butler, Jeremy G., 87, 101, 167

cable channels, 2, 189n7, 190n9

Calamity Jane, 34, 63

Caligari’s Cabinet and Other Grand Illusions (Barsacq), 31

Capone, Al, 64, 68–76, 79, 92, 94–96, 207n25, 208n33, 209n37, 209n48

“Carentan” (Band of Brothers), 162, 169

Carnivàle, 142

Carr, E. H., 53, 57

Caso, Maria: and design change, 61–62; and image manipulation, 42; and physical authenticity, 50; and production process, 30, 58–59; and space/surface creation, 39, 46–47, 201n62

Caughie, John, 4

CBS, 3, 116

Chapman, James, 8, 10

characters: actors and, 87, 90–92, 146, 165–67, 169–70; components of, 71–73, 85; construction of, 90, 93–96, 100–101; fictional, 84–93; historically accurate, 68–76; inspired by historical figures, 76–84; narrative links by, 64–68, 70, 73–75, 84–85, 89, 98, 100–101, 117; serial development of, 65–66, 69–71, 100–102; theoretical concepts of, 66–67; viewer alignment with, 68, 77, 79, 83–84, 90

characters inspired by historical figures, 76–84; audience expectations and, 77–78; creative freedom and, 81–82, 210n85, 214n117; evolution of, 96–97

Chase, David, 6

Chatman, Seymour, 106, 109

Cheese and the Worms, The (Ginzburg), 129

Chernobyl, 177

Chion, Michel, 144, 165, 172

chronological history, 39–40

churn, 5

Cinema and History (Ferro), 13

Cinemax, 5

Citizen Kane, 16

Clarida, Bob, 150

Clark, Elizabeth A., 103

Close Encounters of the Third Kind, 160

cognitive engagement, 17, 28, 43, 48

cold open, 114, 220n68

collaboration, creative, 53–54, 55–56, 57–59, 203n108

color palettes, 41–42

Colosimo, Big Jim, 73–76

Colson, Terry, 110, 111, 114, 118, 131

community: cultural, 37–38, 80–81, 114–16, 119–22, 126–29; interpretive, 4; spaces and, 25, 31–33, 36–39, 40–41, 44

Comolli, Jean-Louis, 95

Companion to the Historical Film, A (Rosenstone and Parvulescu eds.), 15

complex narrative, 100–104

compression, 20

computer-generated imagery (CGI), 61

condensation, 20

conflict, character, 89

conflicting viewpoints, on-screen presentation of, 116–17, 119–23, 126, 181, 182, 185, 221n72

connection, viewer, 11

contemporary aesthetics, 27, 49

context, 112, 114

Corbin, Alain, 143

Corrado, Regina, 55

Corrigan, Timothy, 64

costume dramas, 8, 13, 17

costumes, 21, 28, 29, 32, 43–47, 49–51

counter-historical thinking, 16

creative freedom, 6, 58–59, 63–64, 81–82, 84, 106

Creeber, Glen, 100, 181

crime, in New Orleans, 112–14

Criterion Collection, 133, 226n135

“Crossroads” (Band of Brothers), 147, 174

cultural communities, 37–38, 80–81, 114–16, 119–22, 126–29

culture bearers, 131

“Currahee” (Band of Brothers), 167

Curthoys, Ann, 184

Dallas, 102

Damages, 137

Danto, Arthur, 102

Darmody, Jimmy, 84–93, 211n80

Davis, Máire Messenger, 70

Davis, Natalie Zemon, 8, 14–15, 21, 49, 53–54, 197n94

Dawson’s Creek, 91

“Day of Days” (Band of Brothers), 141, 155, 170

DC Comics, 179

De Niro, Robert, 69

Deadwood, 24–62: architecture in, 33, 35, 40–41; budget for, 25–26, 60, 61; character construction in, 4, 63, 64, 67, 96–97; community and, 25, 31–33, 37–38, 40–41, 44; costumes and, 43–52; and mise-en-scène, 29–30, 32, 43–44, 47, 49–52; series ending of, 60, 61, 139; set design in, 32–42; themes in, 10, 25, 34, 37–38; visual detail and, 26–27, 33, 35, 39–41

Deadwood: The Movie, 32, 62

Dean, Pamela, 166

dedicated viewing, 44

DeFino, Dean, 4

De Palma, Brian, 69

depth, 44–45

Desautel, Janette, 101, 111, 112

Dhoest, Alexander, 18

dialogue, 172–73

Dick, Philip K., 184

diegetic sound, 147, 149, 152–53

digital sound, 160–63

Digital Theater Systems (DTS), 160

digital video, 133

directors, television, 53, 54, 56

Disney Plus, 178

diverse visions of history, 6

diversity, television presentation of, 168–69

Dixon, Kelly J., 36

Docker, John, 184

documentary film, 13

Dolby Surround Sound (DSS), 142, 144, 145, 146, 160–61

Donnelly, K. J., 144

Downfall, 166

Dowson, Mike, 141, 145, 163

Dragnet, 110

dramatic feature films, 13

Dreamers, The, 91

Dressings, Catherine, 101

“dryness” of the voice, 172

Dunleavy, Trisha, 5, 52

DVDs, 106, 108, 132–33, 135–36, 145, 149

DVR technology, 149

Dyer, Richard, 85, 87, 94

Eastwood, Clint, 133

Eder, Jens, 67

Edgerton, Gary R., 9, 18, 181

Eig, Jonathan, 95

Eldridge, David, 8

Ellis, John, 2

Elsaesser, Thomas, 163

embodied spectatorship, 45

Encyclopedia of Music for Pictures (Rapee), 150

engagement, 17, 42, 43, 48, 64–65

Engaging the Past (Landsberg), 17

epic feeling, 153–54

episodes. See serials

epitexts, 132

Erhart, Julia, 17

Everett, L. P., 118

Execution of Private Slovik, The, 9

fabula, 109, 114

false historicity, 28

familiarity, viewer, 38, 44–49, 150

Fantasia, 144

“Fantasound,” 144

Faragher, John Mack, 6

feel of the past, 43–52, 44, 46, 48, 143, 160

Ferro, Marc, 13

Ferry, Frank J., 77

Feuer, Jane, 4

fictional characters, 84–93

fictional history, 184–86

Film in History, The: Restaging the Past (Sorlin), 13

filmic literalism, 20

Fine, Gary Alan, 95

Fiske, John, 65

Flags of Our Fathers, 133, 148, 151

flexi-narrative structure, 110, 111–12

Foley sounds, 142, 156, 159

Fontana, Tom, 6

footnotes, paratextual material as, 108, 132–35

form, 7–12, 13

fragmentation, 2, 11–12

Frey, Mattias, 143

fringe, 27, 38

FX, 6

Gadbois, Karen, 123–24, 125

Gaines, Jane, 49

Gallie, W. B., 102

Gem Theatre, 34–36

Gendrin, Dominque, 101

Genette, Gérard, 132

Gentleman Jack, 177

geographical illusion, 41

Gibbs, John, 29

Gilligan, Sarah, 47

Ginzburg, Carlo, 129

global myths, 11, 192n45

goals, character, 85, 88–89

“golden age” of television, 3–7

Gómez, Antxón, 31

Good War myth, 147–48, 168, 176

Goodman, John, 134

Goodtime Girls, 9

Google, 94

Gorbman, Claudia, 146, 149, 150, 151, 153

Graham, Stephen, 67, 95

Gray, Ann, 18

Gray, Jonathan, 132

greatest generation myth, 147–48, 168, 176

Greig, Hannah, 49

Greiner, Rasmus, 143

Groot, Jerome de, 180

Guarnere, William “Wild Bill,” 166, 167–68

Gunsmoke, 9

Guynn, William, 15, 26, 92

Guzik, Jake, 71

Hagener, Malte, 163

Hajjar, Wendy, 101

Halligan, Fionnuala, 60

Hanks, Tom, 140, 141–42, 166, 170, 176

Hannibal, 137

haptic quality of sound, 164

haptically charged surfaces, 45–46, 48

Hardy, Charles, III, 166

Harper, Sue, 8, 30

Harris, Sue, 31, 33

Harrison, Cherice, 129

Hartnell, Anna, 120

HBO: business model of, 5–6, 21, 25–26, 105; character development and, 66; and creative freedom, 6, 54–59, 63–64; future of, 177, 178–79, 237n6, 237n11; HBO Comedy, 5; HBO effect, 6–7, 177; HBO Family, 5; HBO Go, 5, 105; HBO Latino, 5; HBO Max, 5, 105, 179; HBO Now, 5, 105; HBO On Demand, 108; marketing strategy of, 1, 32, 52, 57; and narratively complex shows, 104; and technological innovation, 3, 5, 141–42, 145

Hearing History, 143

Heffron, Eugene “Babe,” 169

Heidbrink, Henriette, 67

Hell on Wheels, 6–7, 12

Hemingway, Anthony, 134

Heritage Film (Vidal), 17

Herlihy, David, 14

Herman, David, 106

Herzog, Charlotte, 49

heteroglossia, 119

Hickok, Wild Bill, 34, 63

Hidalgo, Nelson, 118, 119, 120, 122, 124, 125, 129

Hight, Craig, 133

Higson, Andrew, 17

Hill Street Blues, 4, 56, 102, 110

Hilmes, Michele, 144

Hiroshima: Out of the Ashes, 9

historians: as authors, 53, 130, 184; postmodern, 19; and sound, 143–44; traditional, 102–3, 180–85, 215n122, 216n13; and visual representation, 27–28, 198n13

Historical Film, The, 17

historically accurate characters, 68–76

historically conscious drama, 8, 9, 183–84

Histories on Screen, 17

historiography, 102

historiophoty, 14

History / History Channel, 2

History and the Media, 17

history, definition of, 18–19, 53, 157–58

History Goes to the Movies (Hughes-Warrington), 16

History on Film / Film on History (Rosenstone), 15

History on Film Reader, The (Hughes-Warrington, ed.), 16

history-on-screen, 7–9, 183–84, 193n53

History on Television (Gray and Bell), 18

“History TV and Popular Memory” (Anderson), 18

HitFix, 42, 91, 93–94

Hogan’s Heroes, 9

Hollywood: classical era of, 49; and combat films, 86, 148; and historical accuracy, 8, 16, 27, 49; historical representation and, 8, 11, 16; and national identity, 11, 192n45

Holocaust, 9, 181

home theater systems, 145, 161

Horvath, Jared C., 138

Hughes, Frank John, 16

Hughes-Warrington, Marnie, 16

Hulu, 178

Hurricane Katrina, 100

I Love Lucy, 101

“I-voice,” 172

If God is Willing and da Creek Don’t Rise, 12

image: as historical evidence, 14, 27–28; manipulation of, 41–42, 45

impersonation, 166

insistent fringe, 27, 38

internet, 105

interpretation: aural commentary and, 133; collaborative, 59; and contemporary standards, 49, 51; history as, 19, 53; musical role in, 145–50; sound effects and, 155, 159, 164–65, 176

interpretive communities, 4

interviews, 165–66

invention: authentic/true, 20, 50–53, 68, 75–76, 160, 185–86; and creative liberty, 32, 43, 239n27; and sound, 159–60

invisible neutrality, 30

Jackson, Stacey, 125

Jazz Singer, The, 144

John Adams, 59, 61

John from Cincinnati, 61

Johnson, Enoch “Nucky,” 64, 76–82, 84, 93, 96, 97, 211n67

Johnson, Nelson, 63, 64, 76, 77, 78, 80

Johnson, Steven, 110

Jules and Jim, 151

Junge, Traudl, 166

Jurassic Park, 144

Kamen, Michael, 141, 147, 151–52

Kassabian, Anahid, 149, 150

Kelley, Victoria, 45

Kerins, Mark, 144

kernels, 106

knowing manipulation, 34

Kobler, John, 74, 75

Kozloff, Sarah, 101, 170

Ladurie, Emmanuel Le Roy, 129

Lambreaux, Albert “Big Chief,” 108, 111, 116, 118, 119, 121–22, 127–29, 131, 221n83

Lambreaux, Delmond, 118, 119, 121, 122

Landsberg, Alison: and affective engagement, 17, 43, 48, 143; and critical historical thinking, 184; and feel of the past, 43; and period truths, 44; and visual image, 28

Landy, Marcia, 16

“Last Patrol, The” (Band of Brothers), 170, 171

Lastra, James, 157

Lee, Spike, 12

“legitimate theatre,” 4

Leitner, Michael, 113

LeRoy, Mervyn, 69

Letters from Iwo Jima, 133

Levin, Tom, 157

Levine, Elana, 57

Lewis, Damian, 167, 169, 170

Lewis, Smiley, 115

Liebgott, Joseph, 153, 154

lighting, 39, 43

Liguori, C. J., 119, 120, 121, 122

Lindbergh, Charles, 177

linear TV, 178

Linker, Beth, 87

Lipton, Carwood, 147, 158, 169, 170, 171

“Listening to American Studies” (American Quarterly), 143

Little Caesar, 69

LoBrutto, Vincent, 142

long-form historical programming, 3, 6–7, 179–80

look of the past, 28, 32–42, 43, 203nn104–5

Lotz, Amanda D., 2

Lovecraft Country, 177

Lowering the Boom, 144

Luciano, Lucky, 64, 68, 70, 94, 95, 98

Maasø, Arnt, 165

Mad Men, 6

Maeder, Edward, 49, 51

Magnum P.I., 170

“Main Titles” (Band of Brothers), 146, 147, 151, 152

Malarkey, Donald, 167

Man in the High Castle, The, 184

Manhattan, 7

manipulation: of characters, 34, 49, 96; image, 41–42, 45; sound, 142, 156, 159–60, 165–67, 172, 173

Mardi Gras Indians, 126–29, 224n109, 226n134

Marks, Laura U., 45

Marsalis, Wynton, 120

Martin, Adrian, 29

Martin, Brett, 55, 107

Martin, Johnny, 169

Marvel Cinematic Universe, 178

masking effect, 162

Masters of Sex, 7

Mayfield, Irvin, 120

McAlary, Davis, 101, 108, 112, 115–16, 120–21

McCabe and Mrs. Miller, 50

McCrisken, Trevor, 21

McGrath, Charles, 106

McGrath, John, 162

meaning: actor articulation and, 165–67, 173, 216n13; conversational context and, 112, 114, 116; creation of historical, 23, 26, 28, 29, 103–4, 107–8; cultural, 127–28; and music, 146, 149–52, 154–55, 231n66; and structures, 38

Meeting of Minds, 18

Méliès, George, 31

memory: American public memory, 147–48; historical, 11, 137, 180, 183; popular, 12, 18; prosthetic, 11, 17; serial viewing and, 65, 138; source and, 137–38; touch, 48

MetaHistory (White), 180

metaphor, 20, 106–7

Metcalf, Greg, 106

microhistory, 129–32

Milch, David, 24, 25, 30, 60, 61, 182; creative control and, 55–59; Deadwood: The Movie, 32; interpretation and, 34; invention and, 34, 40; and real historical characters, 63; as showrunner, 52, 55–59

Milestone, Lewis, 69

Milford, Lewis, 88

Miller, Joe, 71, 72

minisodes, 2

Mink, Louis O., 92, 102

mise-en-scène, 21, 29–30, 32, 43–44, 47, 49–52, 199n24

Mississippi Burning, 20

Mittell, Jason, 2, 22, 65, 101, 104, 107, 139, 217nn22–23

modernized history, 27

Monk, Claire, 17

Montaillou (Ladurie), 129

moral codes, and alignment, 83–84

Mork, Anne, 148

Morris-Suzuki, Tessa, 11, 12

motivation, characters and, 85, 89

multi-channel era, 3–4

multichannel sound, 160, 161

multidimensional representation, 95

Munslow, Alun, 53, 103, 116, 157, 184

music, 146–55; interpretation through, 145–50; meaning through, 146, 149–52, 154–55, 231n66; theme music, 149–52

musical codes, 150

myths, 11, 34, 69, 92, 147–48, 168, 176, 192n45

Nagin, Ray, 123, 125

narrative: characters and, 64–68, 70, 73–75, 84–85, 89, 98, 100–101, 117; complex, 100–104; flexi-narratives, 110, 111–12; and microhistory, 130–31; set design and, 30–31, 39–40, 49–51; sound and, 159–60, 162, 175; structure of, 107, 109–12; threads in, 108–10, 112, 220n58; viewpoints driving, 126

narrowcasting, 2, 12, 180

national identity, 10–12, 11, 192n45

NBC, 3, 178

Nelson, Robin, 110

Netflix, 2, 135, 177–78

“network era,” 3–4

new media, 189n5

New Orleans Affordable Homeownership Program (NOAH), 123–25

New Orleans Police Department (NOPD), 118, 128, 131

New Orleans Times-Picayune, 105, 124, 136

New York Times, 106, 113, 116

New Yorker, 55

Newcomb, Horace, 56

Newman, Michael Z., 57, 109

Nixon, Lewis, 152–53, 154, 167

Noble, Nancy, 134

Nochimson, Martha M., 129

nondiegetic sound, 147, 152–53

NYPD Blue, 56

objectivity, illusion of, 116–17

O’Brien, Tim, 185

O’Brien, Wesley J., 151

O’Connor, John E., 14

online forums, 105

ordering of events, 114

Orloff, John, 154

O’Sullivan, Sean, 106

Overmyer, Eric: and character creation, 101, 106; commentary by, 134, 226n134; and conclusion of Treme, 139, 182–83; and contrasting viewpoints, 126, 182; and microhistory, 131, 135; and narrative complexity, 100, 108, 125–26, 135

Oz, 6

Pacific, The, 59, 166, 176

Padovani, Lisa, 81

Paramount, 61

parasocial relationships, 65

paratexts, 132–33

Parker, Watson, 34, 35, 40

partial allegiance, 84, 118, 122, 211n76

Pasley, Fred, 73

“past,” definition of, 157–58

Pauleit, Winfried, 143

PBS, 18

Peacock, 178

Peacock, Steven, 34

peak TV, 179, 180

Peaky Blinders, 12

Pearl Harbor, 148

Pearson, Roberta E., 69–70, 86

Pelecanos, George, 134, 135

Pepper, Andrew, 21

Perconte, Frank, 153

performance signs, 167

performer’s voice, 172

period film, 17

period look, 28

period truths, 44

peritexts, 132

Perrot, Philippe, 50

Persistence of History, The, 17

Phillips, Patrick, 90

pictorial sources, 27–28

Pidduck, Julianne, 17

Pierce, Wendell, 134

Pierson, Michelle, 41

Pitt, Michael, 68, 90, 91

platform mobility, 1, 2, 3

Platoon, 151

plausibility, 20

Playhouse 90, 9

Playtone, 176

Plepler, Richard, 66, 105, 138

Plot Against America, The, 177

podcasts, 136

“Points” (Band of Brothers), 147, 170, 171–72

popular history, 34, 69, 73, 92

post-network era, 3–4

postmodern historians, 19

Powers, Darrell “Shifty,” 169

production design: advances in, 60–61; collaboration and, 54–59; description of, 30–31; and space, 33, 39–40, 46–47, 58

prosocial effects, 138

Prosthetic Memories (Landsberg), 17

prosthetic memory, 11, 17

Public Enemy, The, 16

quality TV, 3, 4–6

quantitative history, 102

quantity TV, 179

Quantum Leap, 9, 18

Racket, The, 69

Ramirez, Bruno, 20, 54, 204n115

Ramírez, Juan Antonio, 35

Ramsay, Debra, 133–34, 176

Rapee, Erno, 150

Rath, Richard Cullen, 143

realist approach to character development, 67

“Rebuilding New Orleans: The Season” (Treme), 137

Reconstructing American Historical Cinema (Smyth), 16

Reds, 15

Reid, Mitchell, 128

Revisioning History: Film and the Construction of a New Past (Rosenstone, ed.), 15

Ricoeur, Paul, 102

Roaring Twenties, The (Walsh), 86

Rodman, Ronald, 149

Roe, Eugene “Doc,” 169

Roeder, George H., Jr., 142

Rollins, Peter C., 18

Rome, 25, 59

Roots, 9, 181

Rosenstone, Robert: and feel of the past, 43, 143, 160; and historical film legitimacy, 14–16, 19, 93; and information load, 42; and look of the past, 28, 42–43; and narrative complexity, 103, 117, 130; and sound, 143, 160; and true invention, 20, 50, 68, 75, 160

Rosenzweig, Roy, 9–10

Roth, Philip, 177

Rothstein, Arnold, 64, 68, 94, 95

Rydstrom, Gary, 140–41, 142, 161, 162

saloons, 36–39

Sanyika, Mtangulizi, 122

satellites, 106

Saving Private Ryan, 140, 148, 151, 160

Scarface, 69, 72

Scarface (Trail), 86

Schatz, Thomas, 101

Schoenberg, Robert J., 69, 74, 75

Schwimmer, David, 167, 234n115

science fiction, 184

Sconce, Jeffrey, 101

scripts, 55–59

Seidman, Karl F., 123

Sepinwall, Alan, 91, 94, 134, 135, 139, 171

Sergi, Gianluca, 144

serials: budgets and, 26, 117; character development in, 65–66, 69–70, 100–102; duration of, 2, 26, 44, 117, 138, 189n7; episodes in, 26, 108–17; metaphoric comparisons to, 106–7; narratives in, 100–102

sets: boundaries and, 41; as characters, 31–32; and Deadwood, 32–42; function and, 201n62; and the look of the past, 28, 32–42, 43, 203nn104–5

Sets in Motion (Affron and Affron), 31

Severo, Richard, 88

Sex in the City, 170

“Shame, Shame, Shame” (Treme), 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113

showrunners, 32, 52, 54–57, 204n116, 205n133

Showtime, 6, 7

Shpolberg, Masha, 159

signifiers, 26

signs of character, 85

Sikov, Ed, 26, 29

Simon, David: and character creation, 101, 106; commentary by, 134, 226n134; and conclusion of Treme, 138–39, 182–83; and creative liberties, 239n27; and microhistory, 131, 135; and multiple viewpoints, 117, 126, 182; and music, 139, 154; and narrative, 100, 108, 125–26, 135–37, 236n151

sitcoms, 65

Six Feet Under, 142

Slaves on Screen: Film and Historical Vision (Davis), 15

Smith, Anthony N., 66, 67, 105, 109, 129

Smith, Duane A., 40

Smith, Jeff, 29

Smith, Mark M., 143

Smith, Murray, 65, 68, 79, 83, 118

Smyth, J. E., 16, 73, 86, 143

soap operas, 65, 101

Sobchack, Vivian, 45, 180

Sobel, Herbert, 167

sonic foreground, 165

sonic witness, 164

Sonnenschein, David, 159

Soprano, Tony, 83

Sopranos, The, 6, 83, 110, 142

Sorlin, Pierre, 13, 16, 26

sound, 140–76; authenticity of, 156–60; contrast, 162; dimensional, 163; elements of, 22–23; haptic quality of, 164; historical representations of, 142–43, 156–59, 232n75; invention and, 159–60

sound design, 173–74; technological innovation and, 144–45, 160–63. See also music; sound effects; voice

Sound and Music in Film and Visual Media, 144

sound effects, 146, 155–65

sources: reliability of, 10, 137–38; sound, 157–58, 232n75; visual, 27–28

Souther, Jonathan Mark, 120

space, sets and, 25, 31–33, 35–39, 40–41, 44, 46–47, 58

spatio-temporal attachment, 118

spatio-temporally specific sound, 157

special features, 133–34

special visual effects (VSFX), 60–61

Speirs, Ronald, 153

Spielberg, Steven, 9, 140, 142, 166, 176

Spigel, Lynn, 1, 2

spirit of historical sounds, 160

spoilers, 94

Squandered Heritage (Gadbois), 123–24

St. Elsewhere, 4, 102

Stankey, John, 179

star identification, 90–91

Star, Sol, 25

Star Wars, 144, 160, 178

Starsky and Hutch, 110

Steiner, Tobias, 56–57

stereotypes, 69–70

Stewart, Eve, 30–31

Stilwell, Robynn J., 173

Stone, Lawrence, 130

Stone, Oliver, 53

streaming platforms, 105, 135–36, 177–79

Street, Sarah, 31, 33

structural history, 102–3

structuralist approach to character development, 67

structures, 33, 35, 40–41. See also community; sets

Stubbs, Jonathan, 27

Studio One, 9

subjective access, 118

subscriptions, 5–6, 105

surfaces, 44–48, 49

surround sound, 142, 160–63

Swearengen, Al, 25, 63, 96

sympathetic characters, 83–84, 118–19

synthetic history, 181–82

syuzhet, 109, 114, 170

Szijártó, István, 130

Tagg, Philip, 150

target audience, 5–6

Tashino, C. S., 26–27

Tay, Jinna, 2

Taylor, Shane, 169, 170

technological innovation: HBO and, 3, 5, 141–42, 145; sound and, 144–45, 160–63; viewing habits and, 105, 141

Televising History (Gray and Bell, eds.), 18

television: directors, 53, 54, 56; evolution of, 1, 7–12; golden age of, 3–7; show authorship, 32, 52–57, 59; showrunners, 32, 52, 57–58, 204n116, 205n133

Television Histories (Edgerton and Rollins, eds.), 18

Terry Fox Story, The, 5

texture, 45, 47–48

Thelen, David, 9–10

theme music, 149–52

themes: in Band of Brothers, 146–47, 149, 151, 152, 166, 168; in Boardwalk Empire, 64; in Deadwood, 10, 25, 34, 37–38; in Treme, 112, 117–18, 123–24

thick description, 127

Thin Red Line, The, 148

Thomas, Lynell L., 120

Thompson, Enoch “Nucky,” 76–84, 94, 96, 97, 211n69, 211n72

Thompson, Ethan, 2

Thompson, Kristin, 29

Thompson, Robert J., 4

“Thrilla in Manila,” 5

time-shifting, 2

Time Warner, 178, 179

Tipper, Edward, 162

Tobolowsky, Stephen, 57

Tolstoy, Leo, 136

Toplin, Robert Brent, 14

Torrio, Johnny, 70, 73–74

Tōson, Shimazaki, 136

traditional historians, 102–3, 180–85, 215n122, 216n13

Trail, Armitage, 86

transformation, characters and, 85

transmedia storytelling, 2

Treme, 7, 8, 9, 12, 22, 23, 100–139; character representation in, 67, 98, 100–101, 219n53, 219n56; contrasting viewpoints in, 116–17, 119–23, 126; cultural community in, 114–16, 119–22; music and, 154; narrative in, 100, 108, 125–26, 135–37; ratings for, 138–39, 182–83, 219n45; themes in, 112, 117–18, 123–24

“Trial of John Peter Zenger, The,” 9

“Triumph of the Prime-Time Novel, The” (McGrath), 106

Trudgill, Peter, 168

True Blood, 2

true invention, 20, 50–51, 52–53, 68, 75–76, 160

“Trusting the Process with David Milch,” 57

Turner, Graeme, 2

12 Years a Slave, 9

Twin Peaks, 4

U-571, 148

Underground, 9

Unheard Melodies, 151

unpredictability of characters, 63–64, 92, 93

Untouchables, The, 69, 72

Van Meter, Jonathan, 79

VanDerWerff, Emily Todd, 169

VanLandingham, Michael J., 113

VCRs, 105

veteran-gangster connection, 86

VHS, 132–33

Vidal, Belén, 17

Viewer. See audience

viewpoints, conflicting, on-screen presentation of, 116–17, 119–23, 126, 181, 182, 185, 221n72

vignette, 111, 220n59

Vikings, 2

Visions of the Past: The Challenge of Film to Our Idea of History (Rosenstone), 15

visual representation, 14, 24, 27–28, 30, 41–42, 45–46, 48, 193n53, 198n13

vocal performance, 146, 165–68

voice, 146, 165–73

voice-over narrator, 165, 170–72

VSFX, 60–61

Wahlberg, Donnie, 169

Walker, Dave, 105

Ward, Mark S., 174

WarnerMedia, 5, 178, 179, 237n6

Warren, Marc, 169, 170

Warren, Robert Penn, 56

Webster, David Kenyon, 147, 170, 171, 235n136

Weis, Elizabeth, 144

Welles, H. G., 16

Welsh, Harry, 162

West, Elliott, 36, 38

westerns, traditional, 33

Westwell, Guy, 143

Westworld, 1–2

WGN, 7, 9

What Is History? (Carr), 53

When the Levees Broke, 12

White, Chalky, 80–81

White, Hayden, 14, 102, 103, 107, 180

White, Patricia, 64

Whittington, William J., 144, 163, 173

“Why We Fight” (Band of Brothers), 146, 152–53, 154

Whyte, William, 38

Wij, Heren van Zichem, 18

Williams, Alan, 157

Williams, John, 141

Williams, Joyce, 121

Wilson, Michael L., 27–28

Winds of War, The, 9

Winter, Terence: and being true to the spirit, 75–76, 84, 95–97; characters inspired by historical figures, 77, 81–82; and creative freedom, 63–64, 85, 93–94; and interpretation, 74, 84; and invention, 22, 80–81, 85, 92; and representation of real historical figures, 68, 70–71

Winters, Richard “Dick,” 147, 153, 158, 161, 162, 167, 169, 170, 171–72, 174–75

Wire, The, 131, 142

Wolcott, James, 66

Wonder Years, The, 170

World War I (Great War), 85, 86–88, 90

writer-producers, 54–55

writing credits, 55–59

Yale, Frankie, 74

Yost, Graham, 171

You Are There, 18

Zettl, Herbert, 140

Zurik, Lee, 123, 124, 125