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Adenauer, Konrad, 100
A La Vieille Russie, New York, 300
Alfieri, Dino, 130–31, 134, 143
Algardi, Alessandro, A Flagellator of Christ, 127, 190
Altaussee, Austria, salt mine, artworks stored in, 183, 212, 233, 237, 280
Amanullah, King of Afghanistan, 93
The Siege of Veii, 84
Ardelia Hall Collection, 293
art:
appraisals of, 218–19, 268–69, 270–71
attributions of, 202
creating awareness of Holocaust-looted art, 231–32
“degenerate,” 122, 123–24, 206–7
due diligence in search for, 211, 223, 289
government protocols and regulations regarding, 16, 102, 107, 119, 167, 233, 235, 238, 239–40, 249, 256, 290, 303–4
gray market for, 211
and immortality, 317
inventories of collections, 256
Iris-print method for copies, 271
Nazi forced sales/acquisitions of, 15, 116–19, 122–28, 148, 168–71, 173–74, 180–84, 186–92, 218–19, 256, 257, 275–77
provenance of, 301
single-owner sale, 249
and statute of limitations, 232, 266
survival of, 285–86
titles of, 202
triumph over nature, 297
unregulated market for, 229
and Washington Principles, 232–33, 249, 290
Art Institute of Chicago, 204–5, 210, 217, 218, 219, 253
Aschbach, Bavaria, 277–79
Aschwin, Prince, 96
Asquith, H. H., 47
Association of Art Museum Directors (US), 219, 232
Augsburg, Bavaria, 263, 279, 306–7
Fuggerei in, 307–8
Aurednícková, Anna, 142
Auschwitz-Birkenau, 6, 121, 140, 147, 164, 172, 283
Louise’s death in, 156, 157, 166, 229, 235, 268, 269
Austria, “restitution committee” in, 233
Bachstitz Gallery, The Hague, 299–300
Baeck, Leo, 141
Baldung Grien, Hans, Portrait of a Young Man, 85, 125, 194, 257, 272, 273–77, 280, 282–87, 289–91
Ballin, Albert, 29
Bamberg Museum, 278
Banca Commerciale Italiana, 128
Bankhaus Bernhard Gutmann, 20, 22, 23, 44
Bankhaus Jacob Landau, 48–49
Bankhaus Kaskel, 23
Banque J. Allard & Cie., 44, 46
Barbault, Jean, portrait by, 84, 187, 208
Bartolommeo, Fra, 87, 126, 192
Belgium, artworks looted in, 279
Benjamin, Walter, 50
Bentinck family, 79
Benz, Karl, 32
Berenson, Bernard, 185
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, 164
Berl family, 240
Berlin:
after unification, 24
Gutmann family in, 55
Gutmann family tombs in, 72–73
New Synagogue in, 37
Berlin Wall, fall of, 197, 210
Bernhard, Prince (Netherlands), 82, 96, 105, 161
Bernini, Gian Lorenzo, A Flagellator of Christ, 127, 190
Bernstein-Porges, Elsa, 139
Beuckelaer, Joachim, 240
Beyond the Fringe, 9–10
Bismarck, Otto von, 28, 49, 293, 303
Bismarck family, 24
Blans, Beatrice, 230
Bleichröder, Ellie von, 141
Bleichröder family, 23
Bloch, Egon, 174
Bloch, Ludwig, 174
B’nai B’rith, Klutznick National Jewish Museum, 232
Bode, Wilhelm von, 36
Böhler, Julius, 124
as adviser to Hitler and Göring, 122–23, 295
and author’s quest for family assets, 257, 293
and bogus transactions, 186, 209
and Bosbeek, 125–26, 168, 173, 235, 248, 296, 299, 307
and Fritz’s art acquisitions, 123
Lucerne gallery of, 301
Munich warehouse of, 148
and Orpheus Clock, 296, 299, 300, 301–2
and silver collection, 149, 183, 293, 294, 295–96, 298, 299, 302
Bordone, Paris, Venus and Amor, 123
Bormann, Martin, 5, 148, 260, 295
Bosbeek estate, 65
De Wit ceiling canvas in, 75, 168–70, 169, 243, 247
De Wit grisaille in, 74, 75, 169, 243
Eugen’s collection moved to, 73–75, 118
Fritz and Louise removed from, 132–34, 248
Fritz’s collection in, 85, 87, 88, 124–26, 173, 201
Gutmann family life in, 77–80, 78, 79
Gutmann family move to, 73–75, 118
Gutmann treasures removed from, 124–27, 168–71, 173, 191, 235, 248, 296, 299, 307
Nazi acquisition of title to, 127–28, 187–88, 189, 315
Nazi designs on art in, 117–18, 124–27, 131, 134, 136, 148, 183, 235, 275
and Nazi invasion/occupation, 113–14, 120–21, 131, 168–71, 173, 191
Nazi inventories of, 235, 248, 256, 296
postwar condition of, 168–74
postwar visits to, 179, 242–43
socializing in, 79–84, 103, 246–47
Garden of Earthly Delights, 86
The Temptation of St. Anthony, 86–87
Bosi, Enrico, 308
Bosi, Franco, 105–6, 129, 145, 163
Boston Globe, 229–30
Botticelli, Sandro, Portrait of a Young Man in a Red Cap, 173, 194, 227–31, 236
Pastoral Scene, 241–42
Brandt, Anni, 270
Brandt, Karl, 255, 259–62, 269
Breitenbach, Edgar, 302
British Expeditionary Force, 160
Brüning, Heinrich, 97
Buchenwald concentration camp, 164
Bugatti, Ettore, 77
Camondo family, 46
Camp Ashcan, Luxembourg, 260
Carinhall, Göring’s estate at, 5, 85, 173, 206
Casa Pirota workshop, majolica bowl, 296
Cassirer, Paul, 222
Castel Durante, albarello jar, 289
Catharijneconvent Museum, Utrecht, 289
Catholic Congregation of the Sisters of Providence, 189
Cecilie, Crown Princess, 93
Cesare, Nicolò de, 144
Chamberlain, Neville, 107–8
Chinese porcelain, 126, 238, 243, 247, 268, 289, 290
art appraisals by, 218–19, 267, 268, 269, 312
auctions of Gutmann collection, 249, 250, 251–54, 271, 290, 291, 306
and Orpheus clocks, 299, 306, 312
restitution department in, 233
Ciano, Count Galeazzo, 129, 130, 144, 145
Cipriani, Harry, 4
Citroen, Ellen, 174
Commerzbank, 50, 304, 305, 309
Cosway, Richard, 34
Cramer, Gustav, 168
Cranach, Lucas the Elder, 85, 173, 180, 183
in Göring’s collection, 122
Melancholy, 84
Portrait of Johann Friedrich the Magnanimous, Elector of Saxony, 84–85
Samson and the Lion, 84, 125, 186, 192, 257
Venus, 83
Curie, Ève, 175
Cuyp, Aelbert, Chicken with Hens, 241, 247
Czernin, Count Manfred von, 162
Dalí, Salvador, Dream of Venus, 86–87
Femme se Chauffant or Woman Warming Herself, 88, 173, 194, 201, 208, 209, 274
Paysage or Landscape with Smokestacks, 88, 173, 194, 199, 201, 202–3, 204–6, 208–9, 212–13, 215–19, 219, 253, 274
De Gruyter’s Shipping Co., 188, 206
Delehanty, Suzanne, 274, 285–87, 289–91
Denver Art Museum, 231
Denzel, Georg, 302
Detroit Institute of Arts, 253
Deutsche-Orient Bank, 60, 93, 95
Deutsche Revisions und Treuhand AG, The Hague, 126
Deutsche Volkspartei, 28
Devéria, Henri-Victor, 247
Dienststelle Mühlmann (central art agency), 117, 123
Dietrich, Hermann, 97
Dietrich, Marlene, 71
Dietrich, Sepp, 101
Dinglinger, Johann, The Birthday of the Grand Mogul, 310
Disconto-Gesellschaft, 53
Doctors’ Trial, 261
Dosso Dossi, Giovanni, Small Portrait of a Young Man with a Red Jerkin, 85, 183, 194, 208
Drentwett, Abraham, globes by, 72
Dresden:
anti-Semitism in, 107
Bankhaus Bernhard Gutmann in, 20
Bernhard’s castle in, 21, 21, 37, 291, 309
“court Jews” in, 23
Grünes Gewölbe (Green Vault), 310
Gutmann family’s move to, 20
Jewish community in, 20–21, 22
Semper Opera House, 309
Dresdner Bank:
anniversary celebration of, 306, 308–10
Berlin headquarters of, 24–26, 25, 31
board of directors, 27, 44, 69, 98, 99
and Commerzbank, 304, 305, 309
The Dresdner Bank in the Third Reich, 309
Eugen as head of, 23–27, 65–66, 309
and Eugen-Gutmann-Gesellschaft, 304, 305, 306, 308–9
Fritz as banker with, 44, 47, 52, 65, 66, 102–3
and Germany’s industrial power, 26, 29
Gutmann family associations with, 27, 44, 46, 65–66, 95, 103, 308–9
Gutmann family tree from, 304
and hyperinflation, 69
mergers and acquisitions of, 23, 24
Nazi takeover of, 98–99, 102–3, 126, 309, 310
opening of, 23
and Proehl & Gutmann, 67, 102–3
Dreyfus affair, 88
Dugot, Monica, 233
Dumont, François, 34
Durand-Ruel Gallery, New York, 222
Dutch (free) Red Cross, 162, 163, 165, 171
Dutch Art Property Collection (NK), 238
Dutch Committee for Jewish Interests, 107
Dutch Embassy, Buenos Aires, 241
Dutch Embassy, Moscow, 242
Dutch Embassy, Stockholm, 241
Dutch Golden Age, 85
Dutch National Collection, 236, 256
Eichmann, Adolf, 138, 144, 149
Einstein, Albert, 26
Ekkart Committee, 238–40
Elsner, Jakob, Portrait of a Man, 125, 183, 237, 241, 251, 257
Engel, Herbert, 282
England, war declared on Germany, 108
Ephrussi family, 46
Eppstein, Hedwig, 152
ERR (Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg), 180, 187, 206–8, 223, 225, 256, 282
Essen, Hans Henrik von, 40, 62, 129
Essen, Toinon Gutmann von, 40, 41, 129, 175
European Commission on Looted Art, 217
Ewigleben, Cornelia, 304, 305, 306, 312
Eyck, Jan van, Adoration of the Mystic Lamb (Ghent Altarpiece), 183
Fabergé eggs, 190
Fahy, Everett, 228
Faisal, King of Iraq, 93
Falke, Otto von, 36
Die Kunstammlung Eugen Gutmann, 294–95, 296, 297, 299, 313
Fankhauser, Hans, 209
Feigen, Richard, 218–19
Feliciano, Hector, 217
Ferencz, Benjamin, 280
Firma F. B. Gutmann, 103, 120–21, 188, 215, 248
Fischer, Theodor, 207, 212, 301
Fischer Gallery and Auction House, Lucerne, 207
Fogg Museum, Harvard University, 210, 211
Forbes-Robertson, Johnston, 47
Förster-Nietzsche, Elisabeth, 70, 71
Fortune Theater, London, 10
Fragonard, Jean-Honoré, 99
France:
artworks looted in, 124, 125, 181–82, 209, 279
collapse of, 125
Jewish refugees in, 108
“restitution” bureau of, 6, 180–81, 233, 249, 288, 315
war debt of, 280–81
war declared on Germany, 108
see also Paris
Frank, Hans, 260
Frankenberg und Ludwigsdorf, Daisy von, 41–42, 52
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, 52
Franz von Stuck Museum, Munich, 262, 268–69, 271
Frederick Augustus I, 23
Fremersdorf, Joseph, 299–301, 311
French Foreign Ministry, 288
French Impressionism, 88
French revolution, 19
Freud, Esther, 141
Freud, Sigmund, 141
Fribourg, Jules, 222
Fribourg, Lucienne, 222
Fribourg, Michel, 222
Fribourg Foundation Inc., 222
Frick, Wilhelm, 260
Friedländer, Max, 185, 280, 283, 284, 285
Friedman, Rebecca, 286
Friedrich I, Grand Duke of Baden, 40
Fuad, King of Egypt, 93
Fugger, Jakob the Rich, 307
Furmanski, Philip, 290
Fürstenberg, Carl, 29
Fütterer, General Kuno-Heribert, 278
Gainsborough, Thomas, portrait of a young woman, 86, 173, 192
Galerie Durand-Ruel, Paris, 222
Gann, Fred [Fredy Gutmann], 175
George VI, King of England, 6
Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg, 313
Germany:
anti-Semitism in, 58–59, 61, 64, 69, 70–71, 79, 82, 91, 92, 95–102, 103, 104, 107
art collections in, 33–34, 181–82, 275
Banking Crisis in, 97
Central Collecting Point, Munich, 181, 184, 186, 237, 279, 280, 281, 296, 302
emergence as industrial power, 22, 26
eugenics program in, 259
Expressionist movement in, 87–88
Gestapo in, 100, 101, 104, 117
hyperinflation in, 69
Jewish conversions in, 37–40, 52
Jewish possessions seized/sold in, 99, 106, 107, 108, 126, 168, 206, 209
Jews stripped of citizenship, 100–101
Kaiser’s Jews (Kaiserjuden) in, 29, 49, 82, 109
Koblenz archives, 295
National Liberal Party in, 28
nations invaded by, 106, 108, 113–16
Nazis in, see Nazis
“Night of the Long Knives” in, 100, 101
nonaggression pact with Soviet Union, 108
Nuremberg Trials, 124, 165, 260, 261, 280–81
political rights of Jews in, 20, 21
post–World War I, 6, 66, 67, 68–69
reconstruction (post–World War I), 81
Reichstag burned, 97
restitution settlements from, 6, 195, 211, 223, 249, 283, 303–4
reunification of (1990), 197
surrender in World War II, 164, 279
unification of (1871), 23, 24, 26, 223
Weimar Republic, 28, 68–69, 92, 97
Wiesbaden collecting point, 279
and World War II, 108, 159, 164, 279
see also Berlin; Dresden
Getty Research Institute, 264, 266, 272, 283, 288
Getty Villa, Malibu, 204, 212, 221
Glasmeier, Heinrich, 235–36
Glaspalast exhibition, Munich, 271
Gobelin tapestry, 243
Gogh, Vincent van, 124
Portrait of Dr. Gachet, 83, 90
Goldschmidt, Arthur, 174, 180, 206, 208, 209, 276, 277, 282, 284
Goldschmidt, Ernst, 73
Goldschmidt, Jakob, 98
Goldschmidt-Rothschild, Albert von, 175
Goldschmidt-Rothschild, Marion von, 79, 175
Goldschmidt-Rothschild, Nadine von, 247, 304
Goodman, Bernard (father), 3, 158–76
author’s early memories of, 6, 10–14
birth and infancy of, 53, 54, 60
as British citizen, 53
at Cambridge University, 103–5, 158–59, 158
childhood of, 67–68, 77–79, 77, 78
and Dee, 8, 9, 13, 162, 163, 194, 196
in England, 11, 106, 108–9, 166, 176
and Eva Schultze-Dumbsky, 13–14, 196–97
and family in World War II, 163–65
and family trust, 172, 179–80, 187, 189–90
in Gloucestershire Regiment, 7, 160–61
grave of, 306
and his father (Fritz), 67–68
papers of, 3–6, 104, 124, 188, 198, 199–201, 223, 294, 316
postwar visits to Holland, 165–71, 172–73, 176, 179, 250
quest to recover family art, 15–16, 180–81, 185–92, 193–96, 197, 200, 201, 223, 236, 237, 281–83, 304, 314–15
schooling of, 80
school reunion of, 196
travels of, 10–11, 14, 17, 194–95, 200, 293–94
wealth of, 104
Goodman, Cheyenne (Nick’s daughter), 219
Goodman, Dee [Irene Doreen Rosy Amy Simpson] (mother), 8, 9, 13, 162, 163, 194, 196
Goodman, James (son), 59, 154, 219, 252, 270
Goodman, May (wife), 59, 219, 254, 270, 274, 308
Goodman, Nick (brother):
birth of, 165
and family collection, 203, 204, 219, 220, 221–22, 225–26, 227, 230–31, 232–33, 238, 239, 240, 241, 246, 249–50, 252, 289
and father’s papers, 4, 199–200, 316
birth of, 188
certificate of inheritance issued to, 248–49, 303, 304
childhood memories of, 6–9, 200, 314–15
and music business, 315–16
quest to recover family art, 15–16, 220, 241–53, 254, 288–91, 292–313, 314–15, 316–18
retribution sought by, 16
Goodman family:
history of, 19
papers of, 7
quest to recover lost art, 15–16
Göring, Hermann, 255
art collection of, 117, 122–23, 124, 125, 169, 181, 182, 183, 206, 207, 208, 230, 245, 257, 275, 280, 287, 288
Carinhall estate of, 5, 85, 173, 206
Gutmann silver collection coveted by, 118, 126, 134, 136, 183
internment of, 260
and invasion of Holland, 114–15
and Nuremberg Trials, 165
and Wannsee Conference, 138
Goudstikker, Desi, 115
Goudstikker, Jacques, 81, 83, 115, 123, 183, 238–39
Goudstikker family, 238–39, 256
Landscape with Two Horsecarts, 183, 187, 232–33, 257
Grange, Tommy [Graupe], 282
Graupe, Paul:
and Baldung Grien portrait, 277, 282, 284
escape to France, 108
escape to Switzerland, 180, 276
and Fritz’s collection, 99, 108, 125, 180, 201, 208, 215, 223
Paris gallery of, 108, 174, 180, 201, 208
relocation to New York, 282
and Renoir painting, 223
and Sammlung Herbert M. Gutmann, 99
Guardi, Francesco, 126, 173, 192, 288
Paesaggio di Fantasia con Isola della Laguna, 84, 194, 195, 314
View of the Rialto Bridge, 89, 194, 195, 314
Günther & Palmié, Dresden, 22
Gurlitt, Cornelius, 278
Gurlitt, Hildebrand, 277–79, 281
Gustav V, King of Sweden, 93
Gutmann, Alfred (great-grand-uncle), 23, 37, 59, 310
Gutmann, Alice, 174
Gutmann, Bernhard (great-great-grandfather), 19–21
bank of, 20
castle (Schloss Schönfeld) of, 21, 21, 37, 291, 309
Gutmann, Bernhard Friedrich Eugen (father), see Goodman, Bernard
Gutmann, Daisy (Herbert’s wife), 41–42, 52, 93, 95, 96, 99–102
escape to England, 101–2, 103, 175
Gutmann, Erich Waldemar (Alfred’s son), 59
Gutmann, Eugen (great-grandfather), 18, 22–37
art collection of, see Gutmann, Eugen, art collection
awards and titles to, 29–30
birth and early years of, 22
conversion to Lutheranism, 37–38, 43
death of, 72–73
and Dresdner Bank, 23–27, 64–66, 309
family of, 31, 32–33, 37, 40–44, 51–52, 70
family trust created by, 70, 72, 103, 179, 193
German citizenship of, 68
and Hibernia Affair, 28
move to Netherlands, 66–67
portraits of, 19, 26, 69–70, 98, 258, 292, 293, 317–18
retirement of, 69
social connections of, 33, 40, 129
tomb of, 107
and women, 39–40
Gutmann, Eugen (great-grandfather), art collection, 5, 11, 33–37, 284
Bernini, A Flagellator of Christ, 127, 190
Bohemian crystal cup, 313
Die Kunstammlung Eugen Gutmann catalog (Falke), 294–95, 296, 297, 299, 313
Empire ormolu cabinets, 36
inventories of holdings, 5, 238, 248, 256, 293, 296
Italian bronzes, 35
Jamnitzer Becher (chalice), 36, 73, 127, 190, 292–313
Jamnitzer scales with bronze lizard, 246
legal ownership of, 148–50, 153, 154, 186–89
Lencker ewer, 35, 72, 118, 245–46, 250, 252–53
majolica pottery, 35
medieval illustrated manuscripts, 35
moved to Holland (Bosbeek), 73–75, 118
as “national treasure,” 149, 294, 295
Orpheus Clock, 35, 36, 72, 127, 148, 173, 183, 248, 296–302, 298, 306, 310–11, 313
Ostrich automaton, 127, 246, 300, 311, 311, 313
Petzolt silver-gilt drinking cups, 36, 118, 246, 250, 253, 254
pocket watches, 35
public exhibitions of, 36
recovered art (list), 325–29
Reinhold Clock, 36, 127, 183, 296, 300–301, 302, 311, 313
Renaissance jeweled pendants, 35
Silbersammlung Gutmann, 36, 37, 70, 72, 73, 117–18, 126–27, 134, 136, 148–49, 150, 153, 183, 186, 189–90, 193, 246, 248, 250–53, 256, 292, 293, 295, 302, 313
Silver Cat (Tetzelkatze), 73, 248, 314
silver-gilt sculptures, 35, 242
transferred to Orsini, 148–49, 294, 296
Gutmann, Felix (cousin of Eugen), 44
Gutmann, Fredy [Gann] (Herbert’s son), 102, 175
Gutmann, Fritz [Friedrich] (grandfather), 18–19, 18, 45, 128
artistic interests of, 43, 83–90; see also Gutmann, Fritz [Friedrich], art collection
beaten to death, 153–54, 166, 172, 191, 229
birth and early years of, 31, 42–44
and Bosbeek, 65, 73–75; see also Bosbeek estate
conversion to Lutheranism, 37, 43, 88
and Dresdner Bank, 44, 47, 52, 65, 66, 102–3
Dutch citizenship of, 68
ex libris stamp of, 56–57
and family art collection, 73, 83–84, 108, 125, 148–49, 153, 190, 257, 263
and Gutmann Family Trust, 103, 118, 127, 148–49, 186, 190
increasingly dire straits of, 127–34, 144
internment on Isle of Man, 54–58, 60, 66, 142
and Nazi invasion of Holland, 113–19
Nazis’ false promises to, 113, 116, 118–19, 125, 131–33, 136, 137, 144, 145, 151
newspaper story about, 164
in Paris, 45–47
personal traits of, 42–43, 63–64, 68
portraits of, 42, 64, 76–77, 77, 251
remaining in Holland, 108–9, 115
removed from Bosbeek, 132–34, 248
socializing of, 46, 47–48, 50, 79–83, 173
at Theresienstadt, 136–37, 141–42, 144, 147, 149–51, 152–53, 164, 166
travels of, 76
and World War I, 53–58, 60, 62–64, 66
and World War II, 108
Gutmann, Fritz [Friedrich] (grandfather), art collection:
Adoration of the Magi (Master of the St. Bartholomew Altarpiece), 85
Baldung Grien, Portrait of a Young Man, 85, 125, 194, 257, 272, 273–77, 280, 282–87, 289–91
Biagio d’Antonio, The Siege of Veii, 84
Bosch, Temptation of St. Anthony, 86–87
Botticelli, Portrait of a Young Man in a Red Cap, 173, 194, 227–31, 236
Cranach, Melancholy, 84
Cranach, Portrait of Johann Friedrich the Magnanimous, Elector of Saxony, 84–85
Cranach, Samson and the Lion, 84, 125, 186, 192, 257
Degas, Femme se Chauffant, 88, 173, 194, 201, 208, 209, 274
Degas, Paysage or Landscape with Smokestacks, 88, 173, 194, 199, 201, 202–3, 204–6, 208–9, 212–13, 215–19, 219, 253, 274
dispersed prior to World War II, 108
Dosso Dossi, Small Portrait of a Young Man with a Red Jerkin, 85, 183, 194, 208
Elsner, Portrait of a Man, 125, 183, 237, 241, 251, 257
false/forced sales of portions of, 118, 125–27, 257, 263, 273, 275–77, 279, 300
Gainsborough, portrait of a young woman, 86, 173, 192
German Renaissance portraits, 87
Guardi, Paesaggio di Fantasia con Isola della Laguna, 84, 194, 195, 314
Hals, Portrait of Isaac Abrahamsz. Massa, 11, 85
Holbein, head of Madonna, 85, 125, 180, 186, 192, 257
Italian old masters, 84–87
Kienle, Horse and Rider, 118, 245, 253
legal ownership of, 148–50, 186–89, 286
Liotard still lifes, 86, 183, 212–13, 242, 250
Memling, Madonna with Child, 85, 125, 173, 180, 186, 192, 257, 275
Nazi designs on, 117–19, 124–27, 237
Northern Renaissance works, 84
postwar search for and restitution of, 180–81, 183–92, 203–19, 240–53
provenance attributed to, 219, 227, 228
Renoir, Le Poirier, 88, 173, 201, 218, 222–27, 233, 237, 249, 317
Ricci, capriccios, 84
Roberti, The Argonauts Leaving Colchis, 85, 284
Stuck, Die Sünde or Die Sinnlichkeit, 89, 125, 194, 257–59, 262–71, 264, 275, 288, 290, 307, 317
value of, 89–90
Van Goyen landscapes, 85, 183, 187, 194, 232–33, 257
Vigée-Lebrun self-portrait, 86, 126
Gutmann, Hans (Max’s son), 59
Gutmann, Herbert (great-uncle), 18, 31, 82, 92–96
arrest and detention of, 100, 104
art collection sold by, 99
art recovered by grandchildren, 303
banking career of, 41, 44, 47, 60, 65–66, 72, 92, 93, 95
escape to England, 101–2, 103, 107
Herbertshof estate of, 92–96, 100, 102
in London, 159–60
and Nazi takeover of banks, 97–99
and Wannsee Golf Club, 94, 94, 99, 138
and World War I, 60
Gutmann, Kurt (great-uncle), 31, 39, 42, 60–61, 71–72, 103, 163, 174, 207–8
Gutmann, Lili (aunt, b. 1919), 14, 104
birth and childhood of, 67, 68, 77–80, 78, 79
and Commerzbank event to honor her father, 305, 309
and Dresdner Bank anniversary, 306, 308–10
and Fritz and Louise’s increasingly dire situation, 128–34, 144
and Gutmann collection, 85, 87, 88, 185–87, 191–93, 195–96, 201, 203, 210–11, 214–15, 216, 219, 234, 237, 241, 242–43, 244–45, 251, 258, 262, 283, 288–89, 292
in hiding, 146–47, 163, 175–76
injury of, 305
marriage to Bosi, 105–6, 129, 145, 163
memories of Bosbeek, 85, 87, 201, 242–43
postwar return to Holland, 175–76
schooling of, 80
Gutmann, Lili (great-aunt, b. 1873); see Orsini, Lili Gutmann
Gutmann, Louise von Landau (grandmother), 18, 45, 48–52
birth and childhood of, 50
death at Auschwitz, 156, 157, 166, 229, 235, 268, 269
Dutch citizenship of, 68
increasingly dire straits of, 128–34
and LaSalle convertible, 76, 76
marriage of Fritz and, 48, 51–52
and Nazi invasion of Holland, 113–14
in Netherlands, 63–64
portraits of, 64, 76–77, 251, 318
remaining in Holland, 115
removed from Bosbeek, 132–34, 248
at Theresienstadt, 136–37, 141–42, 144, 147, 149–51, 152–53, 164, 166
travels of, 76
Gutmann, Luca (Herbert’s son), 94, 95, 102, 115, 159–60, 163, 175
Gutmann, Marie (great-great-grandmother), 19, 59
Gutmann, Marion (Herbert’s daughter), 102, 175
Gutmann, Max (great-uncle), 39, 42, 61, 70, 103
birth of, 31
death of, 189
in Rome/at risk/in hiding, 105, 146, 163, 174, 188
Vatican connections of, 71, 129, 144
Gutmann, Sophie Magnus (great-grandmother), 30–31, 33, 39, 77, 146, 258, 309
Gutmann, Tobias (great-great-great-grandfather), 19
Gutmann, Toinon [von Essen] (great-aunt), 31, 40, 41, 42, 47, 93, 129
Gutmann, Ursula (Kurt’s daughter), 174
Gutmann, Walther (great-uncle), 31, 41
Gutmann family, 18
art collection of, 33–37, 249, 250–53, 313; see also Gutmann, Eugen; Gutmann, Fritz
Bosbeek estate of, 65; see also Bosbeek estate
catalog Property from the Gutmann Collection, 249, 250
conversion to Lutheranism, 37–38, 43, 60, 94
family trust, see Gutmann Family Trust
lost in Holocaust, 174–75
papers of, 7
seeking recovery of family art, 214–19, 302–3
and Swiss bank class-action suit, 239
villa at 10 Rauchstrasse, 31–33, 37, 55, 60, 73
wealth of, 11, 12, 42, 43, 51, 79
see also specific family members
Gutmann Family Trust:
assets restored to, 293
Bernard declared heir to, 172, 179–80, 187, 189–90
depleted by family members in need, 103, 179
Dutch State takeover of, 172, 187
Fritz’s administration and protection of, 103, 118, 127, 148–49, 186, 190
postwar emergence of, 215
and silver collection, 127, 149, 193
Haber, Fritz, 39
Haberstock, Karl, 183, 206, 207, 275–83
and Baldung Grien painting, 125, 257, 273, 275–77, 280, 282, 283, 284
Controversial Art Dealer and Patron of the Arts catalog of collection, 262–64, 270
death of, 283
and “degenerate” art, 123–24
in denazification program, 281
early years of, 123
and Göring’s collection, 124, 280
and Gutmann collection, 124–27, 148, 173, 180, 186, 187, 235, 257, 275–79, 295, 300
and Hitler’s collection, 123, 124, 180, 276, 279
Karl and Magdalene Haberstock Foundation for the Promotion of Science, Education, and Culture, 307
and Monument Men investigation, 277–81
and Nuremberg Trials, 280–81
postwar claims of, 186, 209, 259, 280–81
and silver collection, 126–27, 148, 295
and Stuck painting, 125, 257–59, 261, 275, 307
Hahn, Kurt, 43
Hainauer family, 33
Hall, Ardelia, 293
Hall, Peter Adolf, 34
Hals, Frans, Portrait of Isaac Abrahamsz. Massa, 11, 85
Harsdorf, Baron von, 36
Heidecke, Christian, 31
Heine, Heinrich, 39
Heinemann, Rudolf, 284–85
Heller, Stephanie, 174
Henraux, Albert, 180–81
Herzfeld, Hugo, 71
Herzfeld-Gutmann, Vera, 42, 71–72, 103
Hess, Rudolf, 91
Het Loo royal palace, Apeldoorn, 241
Heuss, Anja, 299–300, 301, 302–4, 310
Heydrich, Reinhard “Butcher of Prague,” 137, 138, 260
Hibernia Affair, 28
Himmler, Heinrich, 5, 113, 131–32, 136, 144, 260
Hitler, Adolf, 269
alleged opponents murdered, 100
and anti-Semitism, 71, 116, 138
art collection of, 122–23, 125, 181, 183, 192, 206, 257, 275, 276, 279, 280
and Führerbunker, 260
Führermuseum in Linz, 5, 117, 122, 124, 149, 173, 183, 208, 212, 233, 237, 276, 280, 281, 295
nonaggression pact with Stalin, 108
private funds of, 148
rise to power of, 96, 97, 98, 106
watercolor by, 122
Hofer, Walter Andreas, 117–18, 124, 183, 206, 209, 256, 280, 281
Hoffmann, Doctor, 302
Holbein, Hans the Elder, altarpiece fragment of Madonna, 85, 125, 180, 186, 192, 257
Holland, see Netherlands
apology to Jewish people as overdue, 239
art looted during, 16, 219, 238, 274, 281, 291, 294
Dutch treatment of survivors, 185–92
and “Final Solution,” 138
forgetting, 171, 195, 211, 213, 218, 239, 285
landmark cases in art recovery from, 212, 219, 233
“memorial candle” child, 317
official beginning of, 94
unfinished business of, 217, 317
and Washington Principles, 232–33
see also Nazis; Theresienstadt
Holzing-Berstett, Adolf von, 40
Hope, Adrian Elias, 74
Hope Diamond, 74
Hope family, 74
“Horst Wessel Song, The,” 105
Hotel de Rome, Berlin, 26
Hotel Excelsior, Rome, 146
Huldschinsky, Gertrud, 174
Humboldt, Wilhelm and Margarethe von, 79
Hunger Winter (1944–45), 168
I.G. Farben, 141
International Red Cross, 139–40, 164
Iron Curtain, lifting of, 197, 210
Isenbrandt, Adriaen, 87, 125, 183, 192, 257
Isle of Man:
“enemy aliens” interned on, 159
Fritz’s incarceration on, 55–58, 60, 66, 142
Fritz’s release from, 62–64
Italian Renaissance table, 241, 247
Italy:
artworks looted from, 279
Gutmann connections in, 128–32, 133, 143, 144, 145, 150, 159
Jews in hiding in, 146–47
Jews transported to extermination camps from, 146
Nazi occupation of, 14, 145–46, 147
Nuremberg-style laws in, 105
and rescue of Italian Jews, 130
surrender to Allies, 145
Jaffe, David, 221–22
Jamnitzer, Abraham, Becher (chalice), 36, 73, 127, 190, 292–313
Jamnitzer, Wenzel, 35, 297, 298
Jamnitzer scales with bronze lizard, 246
Janis, Eugenia Parry, 206, 210
Jeu de Paume Museum, Paris, 181, 206, 208
Jewish Museum, Berlin, 26
Jewish Question, “Final Solution” to, 138
Jöckel, Heinrich, 152
Jodl, Alfred, 260
Jonas, Édouard, 263
Jurk, Michael, 304
Kafka, Franz, 141
Kafka, Ottilie, 141
Kaiser Friedrich Museum, Berlin, 95
Kalckreuth, Countess Anna von, 80
Kaskel, Carl von, 23
Kaskel, Felix von, 23
Kaskel family, 23
Kassel Museum, Germany, 278
Katz, Nathan, 118
Keitel, Wilhelm, 260
Kemp, Barbara, 40
Kendall, Richard, Degas Landscapes, 202–3
Kesselring, Albert, 260
Kessler, Horst, 263
Khrushchev, Nikita, 242
Kienle, Hans Ludwig, Horse and Rider, 118, 245, 253
Killy, Doctor, 276
Kleiber, Erich, 79
Kleist, Paul Ludwig Ewald von, 278
Klimt, Gustav, 266
Kline, Tom:
and Botticelli Portrait, 228–29, 230–31
and Degas Paysage, 204, 205, 216
and Renoir Le Poirier, 222–23, 224, 225
and Stuck Sinnlichkeit, 265, 267
Klutznick National Jewish Museum, 232
Koenigs, Christine, 227, 239, 247, 256
Koenigs, Franz, 80, 83, 90, 121, 183, 227
Koenigs family, 80, 127, 173, 238
Kok, Wim, 239
Kolbe, Georg, 79
Lake Garda, Italy, 288
Lake Starnberg, Bavaria, 294, 295, 302
Landau, Emma von, 174
Landau, Eugen von, 50, 58, 309
Landau, Jacob von, 48–49, 157, 309
Landau, Margarete von, 49
Landau, Thekla von, 48, 50, 107, 120, 243
Landau, Wilhelm von, 49–50
Landesmuseum Württemberg, Stuttgart, 299, 300, 305
Lang, Fritz, 71–72
Langen, Carl von, 80
Lanz, Anna, 80
Lanz family, 238
Lederer, Hugo, bust of Eugen by, 69–70, 309
Lederer, Siegfried, 147
Lederer, Zdenek, 172
Ghetto Theresienstadt, 136, 150, 171
Ledermann, Ilse, 174
Lemoisne, P. A., 205
Lenbach, Franz von, 89, 192, 303
portrait of Eugen Gutmann, 19, 258, 292, 293, 317–18
portrait of Sophie Gutmann, 258
Lencker, Johannes, ewer by, 35, 72, 118, 245–46, 250, 252–53
Lerner, Ralph, 205
Lessing, Erich, 265
Lessing, Karl Friedrich, 260
Leuchtmann, R., 186
Lewald, Elizabeth, 278
Lewald, Fanny, 278
Linz, Führermuseum (Hitler’s museum) in, 5, 117, 122, 124, 149, 173, 183, 208, 212, 233, 237, 276, 280, 281, 295
Liotard, Jean-Étienne, 305
Lippe-Biesterfeld, Prince Bernhard zur, 82
London:
Alien Restriction Order, 53–55
Christie’s auction of Gutmann collection in, 251–54
London Conference on Nazi Gold, 226
Louis Ferdinand, Prince, 93
Louis XV and XVI furniture, 126, 187, 213, 235, 241, 243, 244, 250, 270
Ludwig II, “mad” King of Bavaria, 48, 184
Lusitania, sinking of, 54
MacRobert family, 161
Maes, Nicholas, 183
Maglione, Cardinal Luigi, 131
Magnus, Hermann, 30
Magnus, Sophie, see Gutmann, Sophie Magnus
Mahler, Willy, 150
Maisels, Rikard, 121
Making a Killing (documentary), 213, 268
Mallard Corporation, 224, 225, 226
Manheimer, Vally, 174
Mann, Thomas, 33
Mannheimer family, 238
Master of the Mornauer Portrait, 85
Master of the St. Bartholomew Altarpiece, Adoration of the Magi, 85
Matisse, Henri, Odalisque, 232, 233
Mayer, August Liebmann, 282–83
McCullagh, Suzanne, 253
Meijer, Maarten, 248
Meissen porcelain, 32, 75, 83, 99, 126, 184, 238, 241, 242, 245, 246–48, 255, 289
Melchior, Carl, 61
Memling, Hans, Madonna with Child, 85, 125, 173, 180, 186, 192, 257, 275
Mendelssohn & Co., 81
Mendelssohn family, 94
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 202, 203, 228
Meyer, Bettie, 174
Michelangelo, Bruges Madonna, 183
Miedl, Alois, 117–18, 123, 124, 173, 257
Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung, und Kunst Baden-Württemberg, 303
Misch, Arthur, 174
Modernism, 88–89
Montgomery, Bernard, 1st Viscount, 7
Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives (MFAA) [Monuments Men], 182–86, 189, 192, 207, 208–9, 233, 237, 277–79, 293, 302
Moore, Dudley, 9–10
Mueller, Waldemar, 44
Mühlmann, Kajetan, 117, 123, 124, 173, 183, 257
Müsch, Irmgard, 310–11
Museum of Modern Art, New York, 232
Mussolini, Benito, 100, 105, 129, 143, 145, 147
National Archives, Washington, DC, 232, 293–94
National Gallery, Berlin, 262
National Gallery, Washington, DC, 190
National Gallery of Canada, 305
Navarro, Rafael, 224
Nazis:
anti-Semitism of, 91–92, 91, 95–106, 175
assets stolen/fake purchases by, 15, 99, 116–19, 122–28, 148, 168–71, 173–74, 180–84, 186–92, 206–7, 209, 212, 215, 218–19, 226, 228, 230, 240, 245, 256, 257, 275–77, 280, 281, 295, 296
banks taken over by, 97–99, 102–3, 126, 309, 310
concentration camps of, 106, 137–41, 144–45, 157, 164, 166
ERR, 180, 187, 206–8, 223, 225, 256, 282
and “Final Solution,” 138
Gutmann belongings swept away by, 11–12, 127–28, 142, 191
industrialized murder by, 164
inventories of collection, 235, 248, 256, 296
and Nuremberg Trials, 124, 165, 260, 261, 280
patina of legality, 124, 127, 148–49, 150, 184, 294, 295, 296
“second-generation loot” from, 302
anti-Semitism in, 119–21, 166–68, 236, 243, 275
art treasures in, 116–19, 124, 192, 236, 237, 238, 240
Bernard’s return visits to, 165–71, 172–73, 176, 179, 250
Bosbeek in, see Bosbeek estate
claims filed with government for Gutmann family art, 185–86, 256, 287
Dutch Art Property Collection (NK), 238
Ekkart Committee, 238–40
and end of World War I, 66
German invasion of, 113–19
Gutmann family in, 62–64, 65–90, 103, 104, 166, 173
Hunger Winter (1944–45), 168
Jewish assets seized/sold in, 103, 118, 119–21, 128, 167, 168, 236, 240, 275, 279
Jewish refugees in, 107, 116, 167
Jewish resistance in, 120
Jews deported from, 165
Jews lost in Holocaust, 165, 174
Nazification of banks in, 102–3, 126
Nazi occupation of, 6, 116–34, 168, 191
neutrality of, 107–8
Origins Unknown (Herkomst Gezocht) agency, 238–39, 240, 256, 288
postwar art recovery/restitution in, 184–85, 186–92, 237, 238–53, 256, 289, 315
postwar treatment of Jewish survivors, 236–40
“restitution” bureau, 6, 167, 171, 172, 185–92, 233, 288
World War I internees released to, 62–64
Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage (ICN), 241, 243–48
Netherlands Property Management Office, 128
Netherlands Red Cross, 162
Dutch (free) Red Cross, 162, 163, 165, 171
Neuschwanstein castle (“Mad Ludwig’s castle”), 184
Neville, Rena, 230
New York State Banking Department, Holocaust Claims Processing Office, 233, 286
New York World’s Fair (1939), 86
Nicholas, Lynn, The Rape of Europa, 204
Núñez Fábrega de Baeza, Dolores Brunilda, 224–27
Nuremberg Trials, 124, 165, 260, 261, 280–81
Old Castle, Stuttgart, 310–13
Oppenheim, Salomon, 20
legal ownership of, 148
lost from Bosbeek estate, 173
recovery of, 248, 296–302, 306, 310–11, 313
sand and dirt in, 301–2, 311, 317
Orpheus clocks, 34–35, 298–99, 306
Orpheus Clocks, The (Coole and Neumann), 298, 299
Orpheus in the Underworld, legend of, 35, 297
Orsenigo, Archbishop, 130, 132, 144
Orsini Baroni, Luca, 18, 40, 100, 105, 145, 189
and Fritz and Louise’s removal from Bosbeek, 134
and Gutmann art collection, 148–49, 294, 296
and Gutmann connection, 129, 130, 131–32, 143, 144, 275
and Gutmann family trust, 127, 149
Orsini, Lili Gutmann (great-aunt), 18, 31
exempt from anti-Semitic laws, 105, 147, 175
and Holzing-Berstett, 40
marriage to Orsini, 40
Orthodox Church of Cyprus, 204
OSS (Office of Strategic Services), Art Looting Investigation Unit, 182–83, 209, 280
Osten, Gert von der, Paintings and Documents, 273, 283–84
Ostrich automaton, 127, 246, 300, 311, 311, 313
Pacelli, Archbishop Eugenio (later Pius XII), 71, 129
Paillou, Peter, 34
Pannwitz, Catalina von (Aunt Käthe), 81, 82, 83, 104, 118
Pannwitz, Ursula, 82
Papen, Franz von, 95, 100, 165
Paris:
Allied liberation of, 282
Fritz and Louise in, 45–47
Gutmann art stored in, 6, 223, 225, 256, 275–76, 277, 282
Gutmann family refugees in, 174
Nazi occupation of, 125, 207–8, 215
postwar search for Gutmann art in, 174, 180–81, 187, 201, 212
Paul Cassirer & Co., Berlin, 83, 88
Pavlova, Anna, 47
Pereira, Baron Alfons von, 271
Petzolt, Hans, silver-gilt drinking cups by, 36, 118, 246, 250, 253, 254
Piaf, Edith, 282
Piccadilly Gallery, London, 264–65
Pietà sculpture, fifteenth century, 180, 287–89, 287
Pietrabissa, Franco, 130
Pilkington, Godfrey, 265
Pissarro, Camille, 88
Plietzsch, Eduard, 117, 124, 257
Ploeg, Rick van der, 241
Poellnitz, Baron von, 277, 278
Poland, extermination camps in, 146
Porten, Henny, 71
Poschinger, Heinrich von, 49
Posse, Hans, 122
Poznanski, Maurice, 174
Proehl, Ernst, 66, 67, 80, 83, 84, 103, 173
Proehl & Co., 103
Proehl & Gutmann, 67, 81, 102–3
psychogenealogy, 317
Quedlinburg, art looted from church in, 204
Radnitzky, Emmanuel (Man Ray), 76
Rahm, Karl, 140, 149, 150, 152, 155, 164
Rathenau, Walther, 26, 43, 61, 71
Rathenau family, 29
Ray, Man, portraits by, 42, 64, 76–77, 251, 318
Redlich, Egon “Gonda,” 136
Reinhold, Johann, 311
Reinhold Clock, 36, 127, 183, 296, 300–301, 302, 311, 313
The Great Astronomical Table Clock of Johann Reinhold: Augsburg 1581 to 1592, 301
Rembrandt van Rijn, Portrait of a Man with Arms Akimbo, 90
Renaissance, 35, 84, 87, 297, 298, 306–7
Renoir, Pierre-Auguste, 124
Le Poirier or The Pear Tree (in Bloom), 88, 173, 201, 218, 222–27, 233, 237, 249, 317
Reynaud, Paul, 81
Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 96, 101, 108, 165, 260
Ricci, Marco, capriccios by, 84
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, 241, 242, 248, 249–50, 252, 253, 288, 289, 290
Rijksmuseum Twenthe, Enschede, 237, 241
Ritz Hotel, Paris, 46, 174, 207–8, 278
Robbia, Andrea della, armorial plaque, 251
Roberti, Ercole de’, The Argonauts Leaving Colchis, 85, 284
Robinson, Walter, 229
Rocca, Michele, Rinaldo and Armida, 251
Rodrigo, Evert, 244
Rosen, Barry, 216
Rosenberg and Stiebel, New York, 284
Rothschild, Edmond de, 46
Rothschild, Karl von, 35–36, 246
Rothschild family, 23, 32, 34, 46, 175, 184, 304
Rousseau, Theodore, 280
Rubens, Peter Paul:
in Göring’s collection, 122
The Coronation of the Virgin, 99
Rundstedt, Gerd von, 260
Rutgers University, 273–74, 284–85, 286, 289–91
Safer, Morley, 212–13
Saher, Marei von, 239
St. Florian monastery, Austria, 184, 235–36
San Diego Museum of Art, 11, 85
San Gimignano, towers of, 105, 147, 175
Sapuppo, Baron Giuseppe, 129, 175
Sapuppo, Jacobea, 175
Sauermann, Hans, 183, 295, 296, 301, 302
Schacht, Hjalmar, 27, 69, 95, 99, 101, 165
Schermerhorn, Wim, 167–68
Schleicher, Kurt von, 95
Schloss Schönfeld, 21, 21, 37, 291, 309
Schoenberg, Randy, 266, 267, 268
Schönemann, Dr. and Frau, 261
Schultze-Dumbsky, Eva, 13–14, 196–97, 226–27, 247, 306
Schuster-Burckhardt, Hans, 40, 44, 47
Schuszler, Angela:
Ducks at a Pond, 235, 236, 237, 241
Sciamplicotti, Cesare, 39, 146
“Search, The” (CBS-TV), 212–13, 227
Searle, Daniel, 203, 204–6, 208, 209, 210–11, 212, 213–19, 222, 225, 253
Seattle Jewish Film Festival, 217
Seeck, Franz, 72
Seghers, Hercules, 87, 194, 286, 288
Seidl, Siegfried, 137
Seligmann, Jacques, 83
Seligmann brothers’ gallery, Paris, 46
Semper, Gottfried, 20
Seyss-Inquart, Artur, 117, 136, 165, 260, 275
S. G. Warburg & Co., 31
Baptism of Christ, 208
Simpson, James Young, 8
Six-Day War, 13
SNK (Dutch Art Collections Foundation), 184–85, 186–87, 189–90, 192, 237
Sobernheim, Curt, 174
Sobibór concentration camp, 164
and Botticelli Portrait, 227–31
and Degas Paysage, 218
Important Old Masters Paintings catalog, 227
in-house restitution department, 233
and Renoir Le Poirier, 223–24, 226–27
Soviet Union:
nonaggression pact with Germany, 108
Red Army “trophy brigades,” 182
Spain, Nazi bombing in, 106
Spanish Inquisition, 131
Speer, Margarete, 259
Spielmann (guard), 153
Stalin, Joseph, 108
State Department, US, and Washington Principles, 232–33
Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, 228
Steinberg, Elan, 238
Stevenson, Mary, 39
Stoffel, Alexander, 313
Stout, George, 233
Streicher, Julius, 260
Stresemann, Gustav, 28
Strölin, Alfred, 283
Stuck, Franz von, Die Sünde (The Sin) or Die Sinnlichkeit (The Sensuality), 89, 125, 194, 257–59, 262–71, 264, 275, 288, 290, 307, 317
Sudetenland, annexation of, 106, 108
Swiss Banking Association, 207
Switzerland:
artworks looted from, 279
Claims Resolution Tribunal, 289–90
class-action suit against Swiss banks, 238, 239
negotiations with, 249
safe harbor for “abandoned” assets, 207, 209, 239, 274, 286
Taper, Bernard, 209
Theresienstadt, 135–57
documentary film of, 140
early history of, 137–38
escapes from, 147–48
Fritz and Louise in, 141–42, 144, 147, 149–51, 152–53
Fritz and Louise’s arrival at, 136–37, 164, 166
Fritz beaten to death in, 153–54, 166, 172, 191, 229
Kleine Festung (Little Fortress), 135, 137–38, 148, 151–54, 155, 166
lists of survivors, 164–65
Louise’s transport to Auschwitz from, 156, 157
mass grave in, 154
as “model” concentration camp, 5, 138–40, 144, 164
“Potemkin village” of, 139–40
prisoners released from, 144–45
Red Army arrival at, 154
Red Cross tour of, 139–40
“special cases” in, 141
transport to extermination camps from, 138, 140
walled community of Terezin, 154–56
Third Reich Radio Corporation, 235
Thoma, Hans, 260
Thurn und Taxis, Prince von, 279
Thyssen, Fritz, 96
Treblinka concentration camp, 164
Troller, Norbert, 151
Union Bank of Switzerland, 225
United States:
Nazi loot in, 210; see also specific collections and museums
United States of America v. Karl Brandt, et al., 261
Universum Film AG (UFA), 71–72
Utrecht, Governor of, 234–35
Utten, Hans, Silver Cat by, 73, 248, 314
Valland, Rose:
and Baldung Grien, 281–83
and Botticelli Portrait, 228
and Degas paintings, 201, 202, 203
and French Resistance, 181
and Gutmann collection, 187, 194, 211, 228, 233, 288
and Jeu de Palme museum, 181, 206
photographs taken by, 181, 199, 201, 202, 203, 221, 223
and Renoir landscape, 201, 223
Van Diemen Gallery, Berlin, 83
Vasari, Giorgio, 85
Vatican:
limited influence of, 130, 144, 145, 147
Max granted refuge in, 146
Vermeer, Jan, The Astronomer, 183
Versailles, Treaty of, 61
Victoria, Queen of England, 8
Vienna, Gutmann family members in, 263
Vigée-Lebrun, Élisabeth, self-portrait, 86, 126
Villa Favorita, Lugano, 284
Voss, Herman, 149
Wacker-Bondy, Mme., storage, 183, 223, 225, 276, 277, 282
Wagner, Winifred, 70
Wallach, Fritz, 174
Wallich, Hermann, 51
Wallich, Paul, 50–52
Wannsee Golf Club, 94, 94, 99, 138
Wannsee internment camp, 207
Warburg, Alice Magnus, 30
Warburg, Sir Siegmund, 31, 96, 97
Washington Principles, 232–33, 249, 290
Webber, Anne, Making a Killing, 213–14, 217, 238
Weimar Republic, 28, 68–69, 92, 97
Weinberg, Arthur von, 141
Weissenberger, Otto, 263
Wendland, Hans Adolf, 183, 206, 207–9, 215, 276, 282
Westerbeek, J. E., 132–33, 168–70
Westerbork detention camp, 119–20, 131, 139
West Germany, see Germany
Wetzlar, R., 228–29
Wilhelm, Crown Prince, 82, 93, 96
Wilhelm II, Kaiser, 29, 58, 61, 81–82, 96
Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands, 115
Willem-Alexander, Crown Prince, 234–35
Williams-Bulkeley, Harry, 252
Wiman, Anna, 9–10
Winter Olympics (1936), 104, 105
Wit, Jacob de, 288
ceiling oil canvas (Bacchus and Ceres in the Clouds) by, 75, 168–70, 169, 243, 247
grisaille (Autumn) by, 74, 75, 169, 243
Wittmann, Otto Jr., 209
Wolf, Emile, 209–10
Wolf-Walborsky, Evelyne, 210
Wood, James, 217
Worcester Art Museum, Massachusetts, 232, 233
World Jewish Congress (WJC), 238, 239
World War I:
onset of, 52–55
period between World Wars, 74–75
veterans of, in Theresienstadt, 139
German blitzkrieg in, 108
German surrender in, 164
and Nazis, 181–82; see also Nazis
onset of, 108–9
Phony War, 108
portents of, 107–8
Württemberg State Collection, Stuttgart, 310–13
Zelleke, Ghenete, 253
Zimmerli Art Museum, Rutgers University, 274, 284, 285–87, 289–91