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2. Courtney Rubin, “The Cult of the Bulletproof Coffee Diet,” New York Times, Dec. 12, 2014, nytimes.com/2014/12/14/style/the-cult-of-the-bulletproof-coffee-diet.html.
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5. Jade Scipioni, “These 2 Habits Can Help You Live Longer, Says Bulletproof Coffee Creator (Who Plans to Live to 180),” CNBC Make It, Nov. 20, 2019, cnbc.com/2019/11/20/bulletproof-coffee-founder-dave-asprey-how-to-live-longer.html.
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7. Tasbeeh Herwees, “I ‘Biohacked’ My Body—but My Body Hacked Me Back,” Good, March 7, 2017, good.is/food/bulletproof-diet-biohack.
8. Dave Asprey, Super Human: The Bulletproof Plan to Age Backward and Maybe Even Live Forever (New York: Harper Wave, 2019), 170.
9. Judith Rodin and Ellen J. Langer, “Long-Term Effects of a Control-Relevant Intervention with the Institutionalized Aged,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 35, no. 12 (1977): 897–902, doi:10.1037/0022–3514.35.12.897.
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13. Raphael, “Cell Massages to Cryotherapy.”
14. Vince Parry (president and chief branding officer, Parry Branding Group), email message to the author, October 2021.
15. Vince Parry, Identity Crisis: Health Care Branding’s Hidden Problems and Proven Strategies to Solve Them (n.p.: Parry Branding Group, 2017).
16. Vince Parry (president and chief branding officer, Parry Branding Group), in discussion with the author, October 2021.
17. Walter Isaacson, Steve Jobs (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2018), 181.
18. Dave Asprey, Head Strong: The Bulletproof Plan to Activate Untapped Brain Energy to Work Smarter and Think Faster—in Just Two Weeks (New York: Harper Wave, 2017), introduction.
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21. James MacDonald, “How Dietary Supplements Can Cause More Harm Than Good,” JSTOR Daily, Aug. 5, 2019, daily.jstor.org/how-dietary-supplements-can-cause-more-harm-than-good/.
22. Wade Greene, “Guru of the Organic Food Cult,” New York Times, June 6, 1971, nytimes.com/1971/06/06/archives/guru-of-the-organic-food-cult-guru-of-the-organic-food-cult.html.
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24. Maria McGrath, “The Bizarre Life (and Death) of ‘Mr. Organic,’” New Republic, Aug. 8, 2014, newrepublic.com/article/119007/bizarre-life-and-death-mr-organic.
25. Rebecca Grant, “How Egg Freezing Got Rebranded as the Ultimate Act of Self-Care,” The Guardian, Sept. 30, 2020, theguardian.com/us-news/2020/sep/30/egg-freezing-self-care-pregnancy-fertility.
26. Michelle J. Bayefsky, Alan H. DeCherney, and Louise P. King, “Respecting Autonomy—a Call for Truth in Commercial Advertising for Planned Oocyte Cryopreservation,” Fertil Steril 113, no. 4 (Apr. 2020): 743–44, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.039.
27. Kaitlyn Tiffany, “The SoulCycle of Fertility Sells Egg-Freezing and ‘Empowerment’ to 25-Year-Olds,” The Verge, Sept. 11, 2018, theverge.com/2018/9/11/17823810/kindbody-startup-fertility-clinic-egg-freezing-millennials-location.
28. Rina Raphael, “Unable to Afford IVF, Millennials Turn to Hopeful Grandparents,” Fast Company, July 17, 2019, fastcompany.com/90376652/with-ivf-too-expensive-millennials-turn-to-a-motivated-source-of-funding-hopeful-grandparents.
29. Angel Petropanagos et al., “Social Egg Freezing: Risk, Benefits and Other Considerations,” Canadian Medical Association Journal 187, no. 9 (2015): 666–69, doi:10.1503/cmaj.141605.
30. Romualdo Sciorio et al., “One Follicle, One Egg, One Embryo: A Case-Report of Successful Pregnancy Obtained from a Single Oocyte Collected,” JBRA Assisted Reproduction 25, no. 2 (April 2021): 314–17, doi:10.5935/1518–0557.20200087.
31. Ariana Eunjung Cha, “The Struggle to Conceive with Frozen Eggs,” Washington Post, Jan. 27, 2018, washingtonpost.com/news/national/wp/2018/01/27/feature/she-championed-the-idea-that-freezing-your-eggs-would-free-your-career-but-things-didnt-quite-work-out/.
32. Claire Cain Miller, “The 10-Year Baby Window That Is the Key to the Women’s Pay Gap,” The Upshot (blog), New York Times, April 9, 2018, nytimes.com/2018/04/09/upshot/the-10-year-baby-window-that-is-the-key-to-the-womens-pay-gap.html.
33. Heather Murphy,“Lots of Successful Women Are Freezing Their Eggs. But It May Not Be about Their Careers,” New York Times, July 3, 2018, nytimes.com/2018/07/03/health/freezing-eggs-women.html.
34. Emily Jackson, “The Ambiguities of ‘Social’ Egg Freezing and the Challenges of Informed Consent,” Biosocieties 13 (2018): 21–40, 10.1057/s41292-017-0044-5.
35. Lucy van de Wiel, Freezing Fertility: Oocyte Cryopreservation and the Gender Politics of Aging (New York: New York University Press, 2020), 51.
36. Ruth La Ferla, “These Companies Really, Really, Really Want to Freeze Your Eggs,” New York Times, Aug. 29, 2018, nytimes.com/2018/08/29/style /egg-freezing-fertility-millennials.html.
37. Carl Elliott, Better Than Well: American Medicine Meets the American Dream (New York: W. W. Norton, 2004), 188.
38. Christopher Barbey, “Evidence of Biased Advertising in the Case of Social Egg Freezing,” New Bioethics 23, no. 3 (2017): 195–209, doi.org/10.1080/20502877.2017.1396033.