POLICE EXAM
Time—2 hours
Number of questions—100
A CALCULATOR MAY NOT BE USED ON THIS EXAM.
Choose the ONE best answer for each question.
Study the photograph very carefully for five minutes. You will be asked 10 detailed questions about this image. Once you have finished looking at this photograph, you will not be able to look back at it again.
Questions 1–10 refer to the following stimulus.
What services does the laundromat advertise on its awning?
Of the three cars parked next to each other on the street, which one has an open window?
How many parking regulation signs are visible on the block?
Why is there bunting above one of the storefronts on the street?
What is the name of the second store in from the street corner?
A person descending the only visible fire escape in the photograph would end up in front of which store?
Which of the following most accurately describes the people standing on the corner by a vehicle?
What is the largest number of satellite dishes in any one apartment window?
How many second-story windows above the storefronts are open?
Which store is advertising an ATM?
Questions 11–19
Read the short scenarios, and then select the best answer to the following question.
A busy urban toll bridge receives an average of about 36,000 paid crossings each weekday morning during the rush hour period between 7:00–9:00 a.m. Approximately how many vehicles enter the bridge per minute during the morning rush?
Authorities are tracking a vehicle headed west along the interstate highway. The automobile had traveled 216 miles in the course of four hours. If the vehicle maintains its same rate, how far will it have gone after six hours?
A local bank branch reported the disappearance of 5 percent of its total daily income on February 18. An investigation revealed that Kim Fein, a teller at the branch, made a deposit of $725 into her own account that afternoon. The deposit would appear to implicate Fein in possible embezzlement, especially because the bank branch's receipts for the day totaled:
How much alcohol is there in a 40-ounce bottle of malt liquor, if its ratio of alcohol by volume (ABV) is 6 percent?
William's gross pay for the month of April was $2,916.66. After deductions of $447.25 for Federal tax withholding, $223.12 for FICA, and $81.66 for state and local taxes, what was William’s take-home pay?
The Pacific standard time (PST) in Los Angeles is three hours earlier than the Eastern standard time (EST) in New York. A plane leaves Los Angeles at 5:30 p.m. PST and arrives in New York City at 12:45 a.m. How long did the flight take?
A fruit vendor purchased six 40-pound boxes of peaches for $45 per box. The fruit inside one of the boxes was moldy and had to be discarded. In order to meet his target profit of 10 percent above cost, at what price per pound would he need to sell the remaining peaches?
In one jurisdiction in Massachusetts, speeding ticket fines are assessed at a rate determined in part by the recorded speed. A base rate of $75 is assessed for the initial 10 miles per hour (MPH) above the posted speed limit. Each additional MPH is assessed at $12.50. For a motorist caught driving at 72 MPH in a 55 MPH zone, what would be the amount of the assessed fine?
In 2010, the population of town A was 9,400 and the population of town B was 7,600. Since then, each year the population of town A has decreased by 100 and the population of town B has increased by 100. Assuming that in each case the rate continues, in what year will the two populations be equal?
In each of the following sentences, choose the word or phrase that most nearly has the same meaning as the underlined word. Mark on your answer sheet the letter that identifies the correct choice.
Questions 20–27 refer to the following stimulus.
A man was charged with fabricating title documents in order to gain possession of a residence.
The presence of police in uniform appeared to augment the tensions in the auditorium.
An expert witness was brought in to authenticate the claims made by the defendant.
A Yemeni national was briefly detained by airport officials.
The suspect proved intractable under intensive questioning.
Warren said the dispute was a result of his neighbor's belligerent nature.
The district attorney argued that the co-worker's testimony was immaterial to the case for the prosecution.
Investigators were looking into the source of the stolen artifacts.
In the following sentences, choose the correct option to fill in the blank for each sentence.
Questions 28–35 refer to the following stimulus.
The two officers ______ the suspect on foot.
Yolanda Sanchez reported that several valuable items ______ from her residence.
Dwight Jackson and his girlfriend ______ they saw their neighbor return to the building around 10:30 in the evening.
If a motorist is driving erratically, there is a high ______ the individual is under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
The _______ mother worked at Fairchild Elementary School.
Before reporting the item as missing, Mrs. Rogers searched the apartment, ______ the contents of her handbag, and telephoned her daughter to question her.
It appears the handgun was not in the hand of ______ owner at the time the crime was committed.
The tall man ______ a black fedora hat.
Questions 36–43
Read the short scenarios, and then select the best answer to the following question.
Officer Holmes reports to the scene of a fire. He gathers the following information:
Location: 1515 Armory Boulevard
Time: 11:00 p.m.
Incident: Fire destroyed one floor of an office building.
Injuries: none, building was empty
Cause of Fire: under investigation; faulty wiring is suspected
Officer Holmes is writing a report on the incident. Which of the following expresses the information most clearly and accurately?
Officer Barghouti was dispatched to the scene of an explosion, where she gathered the following information:
Location: Fountain Park
Time: 3:00 p.m.
Incident: A fountain exploded.
Injuries: Three people were hospitalized.
Witness: Mr. Barber saw a tall man wearing blue jeans place a small box in the water a few minutes before the explosion.
Status of Suspect: left the park on foot; current location unknown
Officer Barghouti must write her report. Which of the following expresses the information most clearly and accurately?
Officer Seymour responded to a report of an underage driver and gathered the following information:
Location: Castle Island subdivision
Time: 4:15 p.m.
Police Contacted by: Dr. Ronald, a resident
Incident: A child was seen driving a yellow convertible through the neighborhood.
Action Taken: The child and vehicle were not found.
Officer Seymour is writing her report. Which of the following expresses the information most clearly and accurately?
Officer Schofield responds to a report of a robbery and gathers the following information:
Location: Anderson Arms Apartments, manager’s office
Time: 5:00 p.m.
Incident: Victim was robbed at knifepoint.
Victim: Henry Anderson, assistant manager
Amount Stolen: $3,000 from the office’s petty cash drawer
Suspect: short female wearing black coveralls
Officer Schofield must write her report. Which of the following expresses the information most clearly and accurately?
Officer Chimimanda was sent to investigate a report of an aggressive stray dog and gathered the following information:
Location: Big Movies' parking lot
Time: 1:30 p.m.
Incident: An aggressive stray dog was seen there.
Police Contacted by: Ralph Miller, an employee
Action Taken: Animal was found and animal control was notified.
Officer Chimimanda is writing his report. Which of the following expresses the information most clearly and accurately?
Officer Gupta arrived at the scene of an auto accident, where she gathered the following information:
Location: corner of Hickory Street and First Avenue
Time: 5:00 p.m.
Driver and Vehicle: Mr. Rasmussen, driving a white Ford minivan
Incident: A falling rock crashed through Mr. Rasmussen’s windshield, causing him to drive off the road into a ditch.
Injuries: Mr. Rasmussen suffered cuts and bruises.
Officer Gupta is writing her report. Which of the following expresses the information most clearly and accurately?
Officer Cassel responded to a report of a dispute. He gathered the following information:
Location: Dizzy’s Vintage Records
Time: 3:15 p.m.
Police Contacted by: Dizzy Smith, owner
Incident: Two customers were fighting over a record.
Action Taken: Customers were removed from the store.
Officer Cassel is writing his report. Which of the following expresses the information most clearly and accurately?
Officer Welch was dispatched to the scene of a reported assault, where she gathered the following information:
Location: Puente Real Estate Agency
Time: 6:00 p.m.
Police Contacted by: Ellie Puente, owner
Incident: A prospective renter struck realtor John Sears in the face.
Injury: black eye
Suspect: Cary Kearns
Location of Suspect: unknown
Officer Welch is writing her report. Which of the following expresses the information most clearly and accurately?
To answer questions 44–46, use the information in the following passage:
Questions 44–46 refer to the following stimulus.
Police Officers Nunez and Vasquez were dispatched to the Downtown Cellular mobile phone store at 1453 Eastern Boulevard, where an assault and robbery had taken place several minutes earlier. Arriving at 4:20 p.m., the officers found the store in disarray with broken glass on the floor and display cases damaged. They proceeded to interview the store's owner, Ahmed Mahmoud. He said he was managing the store with his brother, Rafik, when two young men entered the shop seeking to sell a mobile device. The young men became enraged, Mahmoud said, after being told the business did not purchase cell phones. A female customer was in the store at the time, Mahmoud said, and the two suspects began directing hostile comments at her. One of them eventually grabbed the woman by the arm, prompting Rafik Mahmoud to order both young men out of the shop immediately.
According to Ahmed Mahmoud's account, as the two suspects neared the door, one of them produced a switchblade and attempted to stab Rafik in the gut. He blocked the thrust of the knife, according to his brother, but in doing so received a stab wound to the left hand. Rafik Mahmoud and the two suspects continued grappling outside on the street. Moments later, the proprietor saw the young men re-enter the shop holding a brick that may have been lying in the street. They proceeded to smash several glass cases and shelves and exit with a number of mobile phones worth a total of more than one thousand dollars.
Lashawn Richards approached Officer Nunez while the two officers were questioning the store owner. She said she had been in the salon next door to Downtown Cellular when the incident took place and came outside to investigate the commotion. She heard the two young men yelling to a third person sitting in a parked car on the other side of the boulevard. Richards managed to take a picture of the suspects on her mobile phone. She then ducked back into the salon for her safety, she said. She watched the suspects run past the salon's window as they fled the scene on foot. The vehicle whose driver they had spoken to, a blue sport utility vehicle, drove away at the same time, she said. The officers arrived approximately 10 minutes later, by Richards's estimate.
At 5:25 p.m. the two officers heard over the radio that two adolescent suspects had been detained in connection with a robbery at a cell phone outlet.
At about what time did the two suspects enter Downtown Cellular?
According to his brother's account, why did Rafik Mahmoud attempt to evict the two suspects from the store?
Based on the information provided, which of the following people is most likely an accomplice to the crime?
To answer questions 47–49, use the information in the following passage:
Questions 47–49 refer to the following stimulus.
The majority of domestic abuse victims are women, but women can also be perpetrators of violence against intimate partners. A more common scenario is for men to accuse their female partners of verbal or psychological abuse. However, in some cases these domestic disputes cross the line from words to physical confrontation. Women in quarrels with a spouse or lover may use a weapon either to defend themselves or to threaten harm against their partner. Men are often too embarrassed to report instances in which they have been battered by a female partner.
Officers Bryant Porter and Marlene Martinez responded on a recent Thursday to a call related to a domestic dispute at 504 Monroe Road. A neighbor, Mrs. Renee Erickson of 506 Monroe Road, had placed the call at 5:13 p.m., saying she heard a loud argument and the sound of breaking glass from the adjacent row house. No such sounds were audible as the officers approached the house. Carolina Fuentes answered the door. Her pink blouse had several small but visible blood stains. Stepping inside, the officers found a great deal of broken glass.
After a moment, the woman's husband, Bernardo Fuentes, emerged from the bathroom, wearing a white undershirt, khaki slacks with a brown leather belt, and brown loafers. He was pressing a towel against his temple to stanch the flow of blood, and several small puncture wounds were visible on his neck.
At first, Mr. Fuentes denied that his wife had caused these injuries, but Mrs. Fuentes admitted coming at him while holding the neck of a broken bottle. The woman explained that the couple had been in a heated argument about money and overdue bills. Mr. Fuentes, she said, had smashed a coffee mug and two empty liquor bottles onto the floor of the couple's living room. At that point, Mrs. Fuentes said, she picked up a broken bottle by the neck and threatened him with it.
“I told her put it down,” her husband interjected, “and went over to take it from her.” Both parties affirmed that Mrs. Fuentes struck her husband with the glass while the pair struggled. Officer Martinez asked the woman whether her husband had tried to injure her during the altercation. “No, ma'am,” she said. “He tried to stop me but I was too strong and too mad.” Officer Martinez then handcuffed Mrs. Fuentes and placed her under arrest for misdemeanor domestic battery.
Who called the police to report this domestic dispute?
What was the evidence that the wife was guilty of domestic battery?
Why did the officers arrest the wife rather than both spouses?
For questions 50–52, select the object that is included in the figure below. Only ONE of the answer choices for each question is included in the figure. Objects may be larger, smaller, or rotated in the picture, but the proportions will be identical.
Questions 50–52 refer to the following stimulus.
For questions 53–55, select the object that is included in the figure below. Only ONE of the answer choices for each question is included in the figure. Objects may be larger, smaller, or rotated in the picture, but the proportions will be identical.
Questions 53–55 refer to the following stimulus.
Please use the following map for questions 56–57. NOTE: direction arrows indicate flow of traffic.
Questions 56–57 refer to the following stimulus.
You are currently at the intersection of Ivy Street and Toledo Street and you are dispatched to the scene of an assault at Martha Street and North 7th Avenue. Which of the following is the shortest route to the scene?
You are currently at the intersection of Plum Street and Kenworth Street when you hear about a robbery in progress at Skyline Drive and Fern Avenue. Which of the following is the shortest route to take in your squad car, obeying all traffic regulations?
Please use the following map for questions 58–59.
Questions 58–59 refer to the following stimulus.
You are at the intersection of 17th Street and Dolores Street when you are dispatched to Cumberland Street between Sanchez and Noe Streets. Which of the following is the shortest route to the scene?
Your squad car is currently parked near the intersection of Hancock and Noe Streets, facing west. Dolores Street is closed to all traffic between 18th and 20th Streets, including both intersections, for a special event in Mission Dolores Park. You are dispatched to a crime in progress on Oakwood Street. Which of the following is the shortest driving route to the scene?
Please use the following map for questions 60–61. NOTE: direction arrows indicate flow of traffic.
Questions 60-61 refer to the following stimulus.
You are currently at the intersection of Green and Albany Streets when you are summoned to an incident on Seneca Street, between Tioga and Aurora Streets. Which of the following is the shortest driving route to the scene, obeying all traffic regulations?
You are currently entering town from the east on Highway 79. Which of the following is the shortest route to your destination on Fayette and Clinton Streets?
Questions 62–66
Read the definitions, and then select the best answer to the following question.
In State X, a person is guilty of sports bribe receiving when, being a sports participant, he solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept any benefit from another person upon an agreement that he will be influenced not to give his best efforts in a sports contest, or, being a sports official, he solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept any benefit from another person upon an agreement that he will perform his duties improperly.
Given the above definition alone, which of the following is the best example of sports bribe receiving?
In State X, a person is guilty of aggravated disorderly conduct when he makes unreasonable noise while at a lawfully assembled religious service or within 100 feet thereof, with intent to cause annoyance.
Based solely upon this definition, which of the following is the best example of aggravated disorderly conduct?
In State X, a person is guilty of harassment in the first degree when he intentionally and repeatedly harasses another person by following such person or by engaging in a course of conduct or by repeatedly committing acts that place such person in reasonable fear of physical injury.
Given this definition alone, which of the following is the best example of harassment in the first degree?
One evening, Dale follows his father, whom he suspects is having an affair, to determine where he is going.
In State X, a person is guilty of hindering prosecution in the third degree when he intentionally harbors or conceals a person who has committed a felony.
Xavier is guilty of a felony and is running from the police. Based solely upon the above definition, which of the following is the best example of hindering prosecution in the third degree?
In State X, a person is guilty of fraudulently obtaining a signature when, with intent to defraud or to acquire a substantial benefit, he obtains a signature of a person to a written instrument by means of any misrepresentation of fact that he knows to be false.
Cassandra tells her boss that the paper she has placed in front of him is another copy of his consent form for his son’s class trip, when she knows that the paper is actually a revised copy of her employment contract. This revised contract, which she has not discussed with her boss, grants her a substantial cash bonus immediately upon being signed, in addition to an immediate one-month vacation. Based solely upon the above definition, which of the following is true?
Questions 67–70
Look at the provided image, and then select the best corresponding image to answer each question.
Which face below is an exact representation of the face above?
The woman shown here has since changed her hairstyle.
Which face below represents the same woman with a different hairstyle?
The man shown here has since grown facial hair.
Which face below represents the same man with facial hair?
Which face below is an exact representation of the face above?
Questions 71–74 each contain a set of letters, symbols, and numbers. Please choose only ONE option for each that contains the exact same pattern of letters, symbols, and numbers.
Questions 71-74 refer to the following stimulus.
HEn%AA74#qú!8O{7g)-+Nøfk
Iu9^5@¿qqeY9ģh8?)"Thê62x
$Ö6b([in5;:il1iti[ZIiů3+
&“”<=696nnmbdĄAΛ:;\VW/}{
Questions 75–77
Read the short scenarios, and then place the statements in the most logical order.
Officer Fontana is interviewing Enrique Padilla, who witnessed an attempted robbery on Thursday night inside the convenience store at South 7th Street and Lee Avenue. The following statements appeared in his account of what took place.
What is the MOST logical order of these statements?
Officer Kim is taking a statement from Wesley Washington after issuing a citation to his neighbors for disturbing the peace last Friday night. The following statements appeared in Washington‘s account of the evening’s events:
What is the MOST logical order of these statements?
Officer Smith is taking a statement from Robert Rose after a domestic dispute in which Mr. Rose's ex-wife called the police. The following statements are excerpted from his remarks:
What is the MOST logical order of these statements?
Use the following charts to answer questions 78–80.
Questions 78-80 refer to the following stimulus.
Which category of bias crime increased the most, measured by proportion, between 2013 and 2015?
Which category of bias crime decreased the most between 2013 and 2015?
If religious hate crimes continued to increase at the same rate over the next two years, what would be the percentage of religious bias crimes in 2017?
Questions 81–83
Read the descriptions of a duty an officer may be called upon to perform, and then select the best answer to the following question.
Police officers may have to take special efforts to ensure or promote the flow of traffic on streets and roadways.
Which of the following would NOT be appropriate activity for a police officer?
A police officer is required to report dangerous situations immediately to the station house in closest proximity.
Which of the following situations should an officer report immediately?
A police officer may need to provide first aid in an emergency if they are the first to arrive on a scene.
In which situation should an officer provide immediate first aid while awaiting emergency medical personnel?
Use the following passage to answer questions 84–86.
Questions 84–86 refer to the following stimulus.
On December 29, the exclusive French restaurant Grenoble reported the theft of several bottles of expensive wine. Although only a handful of bottles had disappeared from the restaurant's wine cellar, they were all from elite French vineyards and had a combined retail value of more than ten thousand dollars. Henri LaCroix, owner of Grenoble, told the police the premium wines were not kept under lock and key but stored in the cellar among the rest of the collection. They had been found missing during the restaurant’s weekly inventory check. LaCroix speculated that the theft may have taken place on Christmas Day, the one day of the year when the restaurant is closed. However, he admitted that a relatively large number of restaurant employees and other people could have gained sufficient familiarity with the restaurant's layout to plan the heist. No evidence was forced entry was found.
Which of the following pieces of evidence would MOST likely convince a jury that a defendant had committed this crime?
Which of the following would be LEAST likely to suggest that a defendant was familiar with the restaurant's most expensive wines and their location in the cellar?
Based only on the information given in the passage, which of the following statements is MOST likely to be true about the incident?
Questions 87–88
Read the short scenarios, and then select the best answer to the following question.
Late one afternoon you are on a coffee break, inside a convenience store in an unfamiliar section of town. You receive a radio report that a wanted criminal suspect has just been spotted two blocks north of your location. You are momentarily blinded by a strong sun as you exit the store. What do you do?
A suspect took off running eastward through a crowd on South Street while Officer West gave chase. She turned right at the intersection and left at the next one, eluding capture when Officer West became entangled in a dog's leash. The suspect turned left again on Broad Street and disappeared into the crowd.
According to this description, the suspect was last seen heading:
For each question below, please choose the line that contains the misspelled word, grammatical error, or punctuation error by choosing the correct Roman numeral line number. Only one of the lines will contain an error.
Questions 89–91 refer to the following stimulus.
I. After a resident at the Creekside Manor apartment complex reported
II. a burglary, Officer Greene searched the two residential buildings as well
III. upon surrounding property. In the woods behind the complex he found
IV. eight marijuana plants, each about 5 feet in height, in plastic containers.
I. Research conducted at Columbia Law School suggests that increasing
II. racial diversity among police forces, to match the diversity found in the
III. urban populations those forces serve, may be among the most effective
IV. ways to reduce the number of racially-charged incidence of police violence.
I. The nation's largest law enforcement union, the National Fraternal
II. Order of Police, endorsed Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election.
III. Shortly after the ballotting, the union released a list of policy proposals
IV. it hoped the administration would implement in its first one hundred days.
Questions 92–93
Read the short traffic accident scenarios, and then choose the diagram that best answers the question.
Officer Contreras responded to the scene of a traffic accident. According to a witness, the driver of a sedan (Vehicle 1) was traveling east on Ball Blvd. in the right-hand lane, and attempted to turn right onto Hobie St. while the light was red. The driver began to turn before ensuring there was no oncoming traffic. He did not see the southbound vehicle approaching (Vehicle 2), which struck Vehicle 1 on the front driver side.
Which of the following diagrams accurately depicts the witness statement?
Officer Ellis responded to the scene of a traffic accident. According to a witness, the driver of a sedan (Vehicle 1) was traveling northbound on Chance Lane, approaching a T-intersection with Trager Street. The driver of Vehicle 1 did not appear aware that Chance Lane was ending, and drove straight through the T-intersection. The front end of Vehicle 1 passed into a culvert on the north side of Trager Street before the driver was able to stop; the back half of Vehicle 1 remained in the roadway. Another sedan (Vehicle 2) was approaching the T-intersection westbound on Trager, and had to swerve into the eastbound traffic lane to avoid colliding with Vehicle 1. Vehicle 2 collided with a hatchback (Vehicle 3), which was traveling east on Trager.
Which of the following diagrams accurately depicts the witness statement?
Answer these questions on the basis of the following list of recently recorded crimes.
Questions 94-95 refer to the following stimulus.
Date | Day | Time | Type of Crime | Location |
4/19 | Wednesday | 4:30 p.m. | Assault | 689 Powell Ave. |
4/19 | Wednesday | 10:15 p.m. | Burglary | 2121 Suburban Ave. |
4/21 | Friday | 11:45 p.m. | Att. Rape | 114 St. Joseph St. |
4/22 | Saturday | 2:15 a.m. | Rape | 841 Powell Ave. |
4/23 | Sunday | 10:45 p.m. | Burglary | 1776 Suburban Ave. |
4/24 | Monday | 5:15 p.m. | Assault | 2533 Suburban Ave. |
4/26 | Wednesday | 11:30 p.m. | Burglary | 2614 Suburban Ave. |
4/26 | Wednesday | 1:40 a.m. | Burglary | 234 St. Joseph St. |
4/27 | Thursday | 6:45 p.m. | Assault | 821 Powell Ave. |
4/28 | Friday | 12:30 a.m. | Att. Rape | 102 St. Joseph St. |
4/29 | Saturday | 1:25 a.m. | Att. Rape | 205 St. Joseph St. |
4/29 | Saturday | 4:00 a.m. | Burglary | 45 Brown Lane |
A police patrol would be most likely to reduce the number of burglaries by patrolling
A police patrol would be most likely to reduce the number of attempted rapes by patrolling
Questions 96–100
Read the short scenarios, and then select the best answer to the following question.
Police are searching for a suspect believed to have carried out two armed robberies in the past week. Witnesses have provided the following description: a Caucasian male, about 5 feet, 9 inches tall, with long blond hair, a missing top tooth, and wearing several rings on both hands. He was last seen wearing a black down vest, blue jeans, and brown leather boots.
Which of these details would be most helpful in identifying the suspect among individuals detained for questioning?
Witnesses have offered the following description of a man wanted in connection with a rape reported earlier this week: Middle Eastern or Indian in descent, about 5 feet, 5 inches tall, 160 pounds, slightly cross-eyed, wearing a grey and green Baja style woolen hooded jacket.
Which of these details would be most helpful in identifying the suspect among individuals detained for questioning?
Witnesses have offered the following description of a suspect wanted for blackmail and attempted murder: a white male approximately 30 years of age, about 6 feet, 4 inches tall, 200 pounds, wearing dark glasses, a goatee beard, light brown hair, brown eyes, last seen wearing a navy blue tailored suit and dress shoes.
Which of these details would be most helpful in identifying the suspect among individuals detained for questioning?
Officer Rush was off duty, unarmed, and eating lunch on the third-floor terrace of a restaurant when he witnessed a robbery on the first floor of a business across the street. Officer Rush immediately reported the robbery by using his cellular phone to call the precinct and was instructed to follow the suspect and stay in touch with the precinct. Officer Rush did as he was instructed, maintaining a safe distance since he was unarmed, but the suspect eluded him when he ran into a crowd of people.
Officer Rush’s actions were:
Just as Officer Sharma pulled a motorist over for exceeding the speed limit by seven miles per hour, a car sped by him from which a passenger was firing bullets in random directions. Officer Sharma got back into his patrol car and called in to report the situation as he turned on his lights and sirens and began pursuing the speeding vehicle.
Officer Sharma's actions were: