Test What You Learned

Part A: Quiz

    1. Questions 1–3 refer to the map below.

    2. THE VOYAGES OF BRITISH H.M.S. ORVIETO, 1915–1918

      A map shows the voyages of the British H.M.S. Orvieto between the years 1915 and 1918. Practically all of the voyages occurred in the Atlantic Ocean, and destinations included North America, South America, and islands northwest of continental Europe.

    3. The travels of the H.M.S. Orvieto depicted on the map best reflect which of the following developments during the World War I era?

      1. The severing of relations between Britain and India
      2. The interconnection between international trade and war efforts
      3. The vast reach of British imperial territory
      4. The declining role of sea transportation in the world economy

    4. The German response to the actions of British ships like the H.M.S. Orvieto best illustrates which of the following principles?

      1. Containment
      2. Totalitarianism
      3. Proxy war
      4. Total war

    5. Which of the following best characterizes Great Britain’s international relations in the time period immediately after the one depicted in the map and before World War II?

      1. Great Britain faced opposition to its imperial rule in numerous overseas colonies.
      2. Great Britain isolated itself and refused to join international organizations.
      3. Great Britain granted full independence to its overseas colonies.
      4. Great Britain’s main foreign policy goal was to contain the spread of communism.

    1. Questions 4–6 refer to the image below.

    2. A diagram titled contraction of world trade, 19 29 to 19 33. The figure shows a circle shrinking to a smaller and smaller size. The circles, from largest to smallest, are labeled as follows: 19 29: 2,998,000,000 dollars. 19 30: 2,739,000,000 dollars. 19 31: 1,839,000,000 dollars. 19 32: 1,206,000,000 dollars. 19 33: 992,000,000 dollars.

    3. Which of the following was a major impact on colonial territories of the trend depicted in the diagram?

      1. Many territories were granted independence because the governments of industrialized capitalist countries could no longer support them.
      2. Demand for raw materials expanded while demand for finished goods dropped.
      3. Local economies were devastated because exports of certain raw materials were vulnerable to fluctuations in the world market.
      4. Economic and social tensions caused many colonies to revolt and establish independent communist governments.

    4. Which of the following best describes the response of many national governments to the conditions reflected in the diagram?

      1. Reaffirming Enlightenment ideals
      2. Adopting a more active role in the economy
      3. Establishing strict isolationist policies
      4. Abandoning international trade organizations 

    5. The conditions reflected in the diagram would most directly result in which of the following?

      1. The outbreak of World War II
      2. The escalation of the Cold War
      3. The breakdown of land-based empires
      4. The redrawing of old colonial boundaries

    1. Questions 7–9 refer to the passage below.

    2. “Are these the beginnings of profound changes in the Soviet state? Or are they token gestures, intended to raise false hopes in the West, or to strengthen the Soviet system without changing it? We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace. There is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace.

      General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. . . . Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”

      Ronald Reagan, address at the Brandenburg Gate, June 12, 1987

    3. The reference in the first paragraph to “change and openness” is best understood in the context of which of the following late twentieth-century developments?

      1. The rise of the Green Revolution
      2. An increase in liberalization policies
      3. A renewed focus on environmentalism
      4. The goals of the Non-Aligned Movement

    4. Which of the following factors contributed the most to the political climate described by Reagan?

      1. The state of the Soviet communist economy
      2. The Soviet invasion of Korea
      3. The reunification of Germany
      4. The proliferation of nuclear weapons

    5. The economic conditions in the Soviet Union before the changes mentioned by Reagan were most similar to which of the following?

      1. Post–World War II Japan
      2. The New Deal in the United States
      3. The impact of NAFTA on its member nations
      4. The Great Leap Forward in China

    1. Questions 10–12 refer to the passage below.

    2. “. . . The Allende Government can be expected to move sooner or later to seek to weaken U.S. influence in the Organization of American States and to reduce the effectiveness of the Organization as one generally cooperative with U.S. objectives. Allende’s present decision to keep Chile in the OAS is in line with this purpose. Chile’s actions will develop as a matter of timely opportunity. . . .

      Problem: Chilean continuation in or exclusion from the OAS

      Considerations:

      1. While Allende was highly critical of the OAS in his campaign platform, he has since stated his intention of keeping Chile in the OAS.

      2. The only precedent for excluding a member from participation in the OAS is the Cuban case. . . .

      3. Allende has not explicitly identified his Government as Marxist/Leninist, describing it rather as a leftist/socialist coalition.

      4. Allende is intent on closer relations, including economic, with the ‘socialist’ countries, but has not spoken of military alignment. (He has already resumed full relations with Cuba and established commercial relations with North Korea.) . . .

      6. Moreover, Allende, unlike Castro, is the product of constitutional election and at present is governing within the framework of constitutional institutions.”

      John Hugh Crimmins, Acting Chairman Ad Hoc Interagency Working Group on Chile, Memorandum for Mr. Henry A. Kissinger, National Security Adviser, December 4, 1970

    3. Crimmins’s memorandum is best understood in the context of which of the following?

      1. The turmoil following former colonies’ creation of governments after independence
      2. The trend toward institutions granting equal rights and representation for diverse groups
      3. The lack of democratic and representative governments in Latin America
      4. The impact of the ongoing worldwide conflict between political ideologies

    4. The references in the passage to the “Organization of American States” (or “OAS”) best reflect which of the following twentieth-century trends?

      1. The establishment of international coalitions that sought to distance themselves from the world superpowers
      2. The development of international organizations to help maintain peace and cooperation
      3. The emergence of competition for economic dominance among different intercontinental organizations
      4. The emergence of complicated alliance systems that created unstable political conditions

    5. Chile’s objection to U.S. dominance of the OAS, as alluded to in the passage, is similar to the ideologies behind the Mexican Revolution in which of the following ways?

      1. Both advocated socialist principles.
      2. Both were protesting neocolonialist practices.
      3. Both resented the United States’ involvement in major wars.
      4. Both preferred conflicts to be settled by the League of Nations.

      1. Questions 13–15 refer to the passage below.

      2. [Line 1] “Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,

        [Line 2] Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,

        [Line 3] Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law. . . .

        [Line 4] Now, Therefore THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY proclaims THIS UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.”

        United Nations, “Universal Declaration of Human Rights,” 1948

      3. The ideas referred to in Line 1 are most directly the result of which of the following?

        1. Atlantic Revolutions
        2. The Enlightenment
        3. The Cold War
        4. The Renaissance

      4. The “barbarous acts” referred to in Line 2 are best understood in the context of which of the following?

        1. Imperial expansion by European powers
        2. The spread of communism during the Cold War
        3. The annihilation of specific populations during the world wars
        4. Coerced labor systems and resistance to imperial rule

      5. Which of the following resulted from ideas similar to those expressed in the passage?

        1. Increased participation in political and professional roles by groups that were previously marginalized
        2. The justification for violent rebellions against neocolonialist policies in Africa and Latin America
        3. Increased intervention by governments in national economies and international trade policies
        4. The abolition of women’s suffrage and emancipation of coerced laborers on Caribbean plantations

  5. Part B: Key Terms

    This key terms list is the same as the list in the Test What You Already Know section earlier in this chapter. Based on what you have now learned, again ask yourself the following questions:

    • Can I describe this key term?
    • Can I discuss this key term in the context of other events?
    • Could I correctly answer a multiple-choice question about this key term?
    • Could I correctly answer a free-response question about this key term?

    Check off the key terms if you can answer “yes” to at least three of these questions.

    Origins of World War I

    1. Alliances
    2. Militarism
    3. World War I

    World War I

    1. Total war
    2. League of Nations
    3. Mohandas Gandhi

    Global Depression

    1. World War II
    2. Great Depression

    Rise of Fascist and Totalitarian States

    1. Fascism
    2. Benito Mussolini
    3. Adolf Hitler
    4. Joseph Stalin

    World War II

    1. Firebombing
    2. Atomic bomb
    3. United Nations
    4. Cold War

    Revolutions

    1. Vladimir Lenin
    2. Mao Zedong
    3. Great Leap Forward
    4. Fidel Castro

    The Cold War

    1. Proxy wars
    2. Vietnam
    3. NATO
    4. Warsaw Pact
    5. Non-Aligned Movement
    6. European Union

    Independence and Nationalist Movements

    1. Indian National Congress
    2. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
    3. Indian/Pakistan partition
    4. Algeria
    5. Ho Chi Minh

    Political Reform and Economic Changes

    1. Deng Xiaoping
    2. Tiananmen Square

    Technology, Populations, and the Environment

    1. Green Revolution
    2. Cholera

    Social and Cultural Changes

    1. Liberation theology in Latin America

    Next Steps

    Step 1: Tally your correct answers from Part A, and review the quiz explanations at the end of this chapter.

    1. B
    2. D
    3. A
    4. C
    5. B
    6. A
    7. B
    8. A
    9. D
    10. D
    11. B
    12. B
    13. B
    14. C
    15. A

    ____ out of 15 questions

    Step 2: Count the number of key terms you checked off in Part B.

    ____ out of 36 key terms

    Step 3: Compare your Test What You Already Know results to these Test What You Learned results to see how exam-ready you are for this period.

    For More Practice:

    • Read (or reread) the comprehensive review for this period in Chapter 10.
    • Complete the Practice Set assessment at the end of Chapter 10.
    • Go to kaptest.com to complete the online quiz questions for 1900 to the Present.
      • Haven’t registered your book yet? Go to kaptest.com/moreonline to begin.