Index

A

Abhidharma-kosha, 90

Abhidharmakosha School, 91, 112

abhidharma-vibhasha, 65

Abhidharma-vibhasha-shastra, 65

Accounts of Consciousness Only, 19

actions, 17

Afghanistan, 75

Agama Sutras, 126

Ahorudra, 59

Ajita-kesakambala, 27

Alexander, 73, 74

Alexander the Great, 36

Almsgiver's Garden, 58

Almsgiver's Jetavana Vihara, 58

American Mahabodhi Society, 128

Amitabha Buddha, 83, 114

Amitabha Sutra, 82

Amogha Tripitaka, 98

Amoghavajra, 76

An Shigao, 77

Analects, 102

Ananda, 57, 59, 62

anapana, 81

Angarika Buddhapala, 128

Aniruddha, 57

annihilationist view, 46

Anrakuritsu, 116

Antigonas, 74, 75

Antiochos, 74

Anuradhapura, 75

anuttarasamyaksambodhi, 53

Aparantaka region, 75

Aratakalama's place, 50

Arhat, 61

Asanga, 76

ascending to heaven, 8

Ashoka, King, 64, 73, 74, 75, 109, 119

Ashvagosha, 76

Asita Rshi, 42, 45

Atharva-Veda, 6

Atman (the true self), 3, 10

Avatam saka

philosophy, 116

school, 112

awakening to the path, 47

Awang kanbu, 153

B

Bactria, 75

Baipuren, 153

Baizhang, 95, 172, 191, 197, 210

enlightenment story, 212

Pure Rules of, 96

Pure Rules preface, 213

Bamboo Grove Retreat, 57

Bangkok, 121

Beckh, Hermann, 127

Beijing, 153

Beiping, 153

Beluvana, 60

Benaras, 52

Bhadrabahu, 24

Bhargava, 49

Bhavaviveka, 76

bhikshunis, 168

bhikshus, 55, 56, 64, 168

Bimbisara, King, 51, 57

Binwang, Luo, 190

birth, four forms of, 11

bodhi, 53

tree, 52

Bodhidharma, 76

Bodhiruci, 76

Book of Changes, 19, 80, 81, 86, 102

Brahman (the absolute), 3

transformations of, 9

Brahman and Atman nonduality, 8

Brahmanas, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 30

Brahmanism, 5

brahmans, 3

breath, tempering, 15

breathing, 10

Britain, 125

Buddha, 69

Buddha Dharma, 54

cultivating realization of, 132

Middle Path of, 61

buddha-nature, 71, 85

Buddha, three jewels of, 25

Buddhism, 85, 88, 89

in Asia, 109

Chinese, 32, 72

Confiicianized, 100

East Asian, 67

economic position, 156

Esoteric, 96, 154

in Europe and America, 124

founding of pure land, 81

Hinayana, 67, 119, 120, 121

Huayan, 111

Indian, 67, 68, 74, 126, 158

Japanese, 118

Korean, 111

Mahayana, 39

rise of, 31

school, 12

of Shakyamuni, 21

Song-period, 100

Tantric, 76, 96, 97, 98, 101, 113

Tibetan, 122

transmission to China, 73, 77

in the 20th century, 135

in Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern dynasties, 80

Buddhist canon, 64, 65, 76, 111

Buddhist concentration and wisdom, transmission of, 133

Buddhist education, 157

Buddhist Layman's Association, 125

Buddhist monastic system, 167

Buddhist scriptures

basis in the, 132

compilation of, 61

translation of the, 131

Buddhist Revival, 138

Buddhist techniques, 81

Buddhists, unity, 157

Burma, 119

Burnouf, Eugene, 127

Bushido, 115

C

Cai Jiyu, 108

Cai Yin, 77

Cakravartin, 42

Cao Zijian, 106

Caodong school, 115

Caoqi, 94

Caotong school, 99

capability, 18

without, 18

categorical consistency, 18

catagories, six fundamental, 12

Chandaka, 47, 48

chaoyi, 152

Chaozhou, 102

Cheng Hao, 100

Cheng Yi, 96, 100, 107

Cheng-you, 127

Ch'imnyu, 110

Chinese Buddhism

decline of, 135

development of, 145

heydey of, 86

revival of, 140

Chinese culture, 6

Chinese Taoist techniques, 81

Chisong, 152

Cholas, 75

Christian missionaries, 139

Chuan-ben, 150

Circle Grove Temple (Kashmir), 64

civilization

Buddhist, 1

Chinese, 1

Greek, 1

Cizhou, 151

clan tradition, 37

Classic of History, 31, 63

Classic of Poetry, 31, 63

Classic of Tea, 107

Commentaries on the Hundred Treatises, 19

Comte, Auguste, 161

Confucianism, 78, 85, 88, 100, 101

Confucius, 31, 63, 84, 85, 151

confusion, curbing, 16

correct conduct, 25

Correct Dharma, 130

correct faith, 25

correct knowledge, 25

counting breaths, 81

cultivating practices, 154

cultivating realization lack of, 159

cyclical existence, 11

D

Dadian, 106

Dahlke, Paul, 126

Dai-an, 112

Daisetsu, Suzuki, 117

Dalai Lama, 98, 103, 123, 153

Fifth, 103

Dao An, 80, 81, 83, 84

Dao De Jing, 63

Daojian, 150

dao-lu, 89

Daorui, 112

Daosheng, 85, 86

Daoshun, 109

Daoxuan, 89

Dark Learning philosophy, 116

Deer Park, 52, 55

Dehui, 191

descending to hell, 8

Devadatta, 59

De Zoysa, Dr. A. P., 125

Dharma, 54, 62, 64, 70, 71

Kings, 98

preaching of, 57

protector of, 39

Dharma (jewel of Buddhism), 25

Dharma master Fazang, 17

Dharmagupta, 76, 78

Dharmakara, 78

Dharmapala, 76

Dharmaraksha, 77

dharmas, 25

difference, 18

Ding Fubao, 142

Dinnaga, 76

Dixian, 150

Doctrine of The Mean, 102

Dogen, 115

Dongben Gexi, 153

dravya, 17

Dream Wanderings Collection, 102

Dunhuang wall paintings, 107

Dutta-Gamani, King, 75

E

East Asia, 109

Edwards, A. S., 128

egotism, 12

Eight-Fingered Ascetic, 146, 147, 150

Eisai, 115

elements

five great, 12

four great, 16

emptiness, inherent, 80

empty-robe sect, 24

Enchin, 113

enlightened one, 69

enlightenment, supreme, perfect, complete, 53

Ennin, 113

equipoise, 16

essences, twenty-five, 13

F

Fajing, 147

Fan Chengda, 162

Fan Xi, 190

Fan Zhongyan, 100

Fang Xuanling, 97

fang-zhang, 173

fan-que method, 107

Faxian, 76

Faxiang/Yogacara School, 92

Fayan House of Zen, 111

Fayan school, 99

Fayun, 172

Fazang, 67, 76

Fazun, 152

Five Dynasties, 99

period, 100

Five Houses of Zen, 99

Five Mountains system, 117

Fotu deng, 80, 81, 83

founding of the teaching, 55

Fragrant Mountain, 42

France, 127

Frauwallner, Erich, 127

Fu-ai-ye, 127

Fu Jian, 84, 109

Fuyinlao, 129

Fuxini, 127

G

Gajashirsha Mountain, 51

Gandhara, 75

Ganges River, 60

Ganges Valley, 73

Gaofeng Miao, 99

Gaozong, Emperor Tang, 93

Garbe, Richard Karl, von, 126

Gautama, 37

Gaya-Kashyapa, 56

Geiger, Wilhelm, 127

Gelugpa sect, 153

Genko, 112

Gensang, 153

Germany, 126

Golden Seventy Treatise, 14

Gongdekai, 124

Gonghe, 153

Gopika, 45

Gozan, 116

Great Learning, 102

Great Vehicle

bodhisattvas, 57

collection, 62

Greater Amitabha Sutra, 125

Guangdong, 87

Guangdong Province, 94

Guiyang school, 99

guna, 17

H

Hainan Island, 102

Haining, 147

Hakuin, 116

Han dynasty, 2, 77, 78, 79, 86

Confucians, 79

Eastern, 79

Han Qingjing, 142

Han Yu, 100, 106

Hangzhou, 118

Hanlin Academy, 137

Hanshan, 102

Hanyue, Cang, 103

Hanzang Buddist Institute, 148

heaven and hell, 79

Heian dynasty, 113, 114

Himalaya Mountains, 97

Hodan, 116

holding steady, 16

Honen, 114

Hongyi, 150, 151

Hosso, school, 112

householder, 4

Huandi, Emperor Han, 77

Huang Chanhua, 141

Huayan/Avatamsaka School, 92, 135

Huayan commentaries, 110

Huayan Sutra, 110

Huiguan, 112

Huiguo, 113

Huineng, 94

Huineng, Sixth Patriarch, 171

Huiyuan, 80, 81, 82, 84, 88

Huizong, Emperor, 106

human life, ideal, 4

humanistic system of thought, 5

Humphreys, Christmas, 126

Huqiu Mountain, 86

I

Ikshvaku, 37

India's first Buddhist college, 58

Indian Buddhist sects, 65, 67

Indian Buddhist thought, 154

Indian civilization

religion and philosophy, 5

Indian culture

background, 2

development of, 1

inherent true enlightenment, 53

intending, 10

Ippen, 115

J

Jiang kaishek, 153

Jainism

school, 12, 23

Jalandhara Temple, 65

Jangjia, 98, 153

Fourteenth, 103

Jangjia Khutughtu, 103

Japan, 109, 111

Japanese style Esoteric Buddhism, 152

Japanese Tendai school, 115

Java, 124

Jebtsundampa, 98

Jetavana Garden Vihara, 58

Jetavana Grove, 58

Ji, 114

Jialing Xingyin, 103

Jianghan, 87

Jianzhen, 112

Jiaping years, 78

Jiaqing dynasty, 104

Jichan, 147

Jie, Master, 199

Jimon, 113

Jin dynasty, 80, 86, 109, 116

Eastern, 87

Western, 87

Jing, King, 36

Jinshan Temple, 148

Jishu, the Time sect, 115

Jnanaprabha, 76

Jodo, 114

school, 114

Shinshu, 115, 116

Jojitsu school, 112

K

Kagyudpa, 97

Kaikyoku, Watanabe, 126

Kaivalya Pada, 14

Kaiyuan period, 98

Kakuda-Katyayana, 27, 28

Kalingas, 74

Kamakura dynasty, 114, 115

Kanishka, King, 64, 65, 75, 76

Kanto, 115

Karqyudpa, 153

karma, 8, 15, 17, 24, 25

karmic power, no gradations of, 26

karmic retribution, 79

karmic reward, 27

Kashmir, 75

Kashimira, 76

Kashyapa-Matanga, 77

Katyayana, 57

Kaundinya, 52

Kegon school, 112

Kerala, 75

Kern, H., 129

Khubilai Khan, 98

khutughtu, 98

Kimmei, Emperor, 112

knowing the minds of others, 53

knowledge

five organs of, 12

source of, 10

Kobo Daishi, 113

Koguryo, 109, 110

Korea, 109

Koryo, 110

Canon, 111

Koryo dynasty, 111

Kosala, Crown Prince, 58

Kosha school, 112

Kshantideva, 43

kshatriyas, 3, 34, 37

Kucha, 80, 84

Kukai, 113

Kukkutarama Temple, 74

Kumarajiva, 80, 83, 84, 85

Kushinagara, 60

Kusumapura, 64, 74

collection, 74

Kuya, 114

Kyoto, 115

L

Laiguo, 150

Lamman, Professor, 128

Lanka, 75

Laozi, 63, 80, 81, 84, 85, 86, 89, 100, 102

Larger Agama Sutra, 125

Levi, Dr. Sylvain, 127

Lhasa, 122

Li Ao, 100

Li Shimin, 89

Li Zhenggang, 141

Liang dynasty, 87, 107

Liang Qichao, 141

Liang Shuming, 141

Liang Wudi, 87

liberation, 11, 16

from birth and death, 16

Ling, King, 36

Lingdi, Emperor Han, 78

Linji school, 99, 115

Liu Xie, 107

Liu Yimin, 82

Liuyun Temple, 146

living in the forests, 4

Li-xue, 100

logic of causation, 12

London Student's Buddhist Association, 125

Lotus Sutra, 112, 115

Lu Guang, 84

Lu Long, 84

Lu Qiuyi, 141, 142

Lu Yu, 107

Luoyang, 78

M

Ma Yifu, 142

Madhyamika, 67, 76

school of, 96

theory, 76

Madhyamika Three Treatises school, 112

Magadha, 24, 55, 58, 60

Magas, 74, 75

Mahakashyapa, 56, 57, 61, 62

Mahaprajapati, Queen, 38, 39, 59

Maharashtra, 75

Mahasangika, 64, 65

Mahayana, 67, 124

Mahayana Buddhist Publishing Society, 128

Maheshvara Deva, 14, 15

Mahisamandala, 75

Maitreya, 76

Manchu Qing dynasty, 123

mantrayoga, 20

Marananta, 110

Maskarin, 26

matter, 25

Maudgalyayana, 56, 57

Maurya dynasty, 75

Maya, Queen, 38

Mazu Daoyi, 95, 171, 172

Mei Guangxi, 142

Meiji Restoration, 116, 118

Mencius, 85, 117

merging, 18

methods of sitting, 15

middle age, 4

Mimamsa

school, 12, 20, 21

Minamoto and Taira factions, 114

Minayeff, 129

mind, organ of, 12

Ming dynasty, 97, 99, 102, 107

Buddhism in, 101

Mingdi, Emperor, 169

Mingdi, Emperor Han, 77

Miyouluo, 127

Miyun, Wu, 103

Mo Zi, 169

Moggaliputta Tissa, 64, 74

Moho Zhiguan, 88

Mongolia, 98

Monks and Temples, 137

Mount Hiei, 113, 114

Mount Koya, 113

Mount Lu, 81, 82

Mount Song, 88

Mouzi Lihuo Lun, 78

Mukhoja, 110

Muller, Max, 125, 126

Munmu, King, 110

Muramachi dynasty, 115

Muslim invasions, 67

Myoetsu sect, 116

Myohorengekyo, 115

Mysore, 75

N

Nadi-Kashyapa, 56

Nagarjuna, 76

Nairanjana River, 51, 52, 55

Naiyayaka

school, 12

Namo Amitajo, 124

Nandapala, 52

Nanjo Bun'o, 140

Nanjo, Bun'ya, 129

Nanyae Huairang, 171

natural-body sect, 24

nembutsu, 114

Nenghai, 152

Nengyuan, 150

Neo-Confucians, 100

Nestorian Christianity, 89

New Confucianism, 145

Nichiren, 115

sect, 114, 115, 119

Nie Yuntai, 142

Nirgranthas, 24, 27, 28

nirvana, 25, 54, 60, 85

Nirvana Sutra, 86

non-Buddhist paths, 21

Nondharmas, 25

Northern Dynasties, 80, 86, 87

nothingness, 18

Nuona, 153

Nyaya

school, 12, 13, 19

Nyingmapa, 97, 153

O

Obaku sect, 116

Oldenberg, Hermann, 126

Omniscient One, 69

opinions, sixteen, 28

Opium Wars, 139

organs, 10

five of action, 12

orthodox schools of the brahmanical religion, 12

Ouyang Jian, 141

Ouyang Jingwu, 141, 142, 144, 145

Ouyang Xiu, 100

Ouyi, 102

P

Padmasambhava, 97

Paekche, 109, 110, 112

Pali canon, 75

Pali Text Society, 125

Panchen Lama, 98, 103, 123, 153

Pandava Mountain, 51

Pandyas, 75

Paramartha, 14, 76

Parshva, 76

Parthia, 77

Pataliputra, 64

Patriarchal Clan Society, 163

personal self, 10

Phagspa, 98

Philippines, 109

philosophical trends, 11

philosophy

Indian religious, 30

six schools of, 12

Pischel, Richard, 127

politics, 159

Pophung, King, 110

Poussin, Louis de la Vallée, 129

practice, eight branches of, 15

prajna, 67, 80, 83, 96

Prasenajit, King, 57, 76

prohibitions, 15

Ptolemy, 74

Punjab, 75

Purana, 26, 28

pure conduct, 3, 8, 15

Pure Land, 114

school, 88, 90, 124, 135, 150

Buddhism, 102

Purna, 57

Pushamitra, 75

Putuo Xilin Zen Temple, 148

Q

Qianlong dynasty, 104

Qianlong Emperor, 123

Qin dynasty, 2, 77

former, 84, 109

later, 80, 83, 84

Qing dynasty, 97, 99, 103, 105, 108, 136

decline of Buddhism, 103

Qinghai, 98, 122

Qingyuan Xingsi, 171

qualities, 17

R

Rahula, 57, 59

Rajagrha, 51, 55, 57, 58, 59, 61

collection of, 62, 64

Red School, 97

Rennyo, 116

Rhys Davids, T. W., 125

Rig-Veda, 6

Rinzai, 115

Zen school, 115

Zen temples, 116

Ritsu school, 112

Russia, 129

Ryonin, 114

S

sacrifices, 25

Sadhana Pada, 14

Sagehood, 72

Saicho, 113

Sakya, 37

Sakyapa sects, 97, 153

Sama-Veda, 6

samadhi, 14, 16, 50

Samadhi Pada, 14

sameness, 18

Sam Khya

doctrine, 24

school, 12, 14

Sangha, 25, 64

Sanjayin, 26, 27, 28

Sanmon, 113

Sanron school, 112

Sanskrit, 2

Satyasiddhi school, 91, 112

Satyasiddhi Shastra, 90

Schmidt, Kurt, 127

Schopenhauer, 8

self-realization, 3

Senart, Emile, 127

Senghui, Kang, 78

Sengrui, 83

Sengzhao, 80, 83, 84

seng-zheng, 89

sense objects, five, 12

sensing, 10

sentient beings, 10

Seven Leaf Crag, 61

Shakya clan, 37, 43

Shakyamuni Buddha, 5, 12, 23, 31, 33, 41, 42, 43, 48, 54, 55, 56, 68, 73, 96

achieves Buddhahood, 52

birth and death of, 35, 36, 37, 38

compassionate temperament, 44

compiling verbal teachings of, 63

cousin Ananda, 57

innate spiritual uniqueness, 39

left home, 47

lineage of, 33

only son Rahula, 57

practices six years of austerities, 50

studies methods of various schools, 49

teaching and original disciples, 55

Shandao, 114

Shanxi, 81

Shao Yong, 100

Shariputra, 56, 57

shastras, 63, 65

she-hui-xue, 161

Shemoteng, 169

Shen Yue, 107

Shenxiu, 94

Shi Le, 80, 81

Shihuang, Emperor Qin, 77

Shingon, 113, 114

school, 116

Shinran, 114

Shirahata sect, 116

Shotoku, Prince, 112

shramana, 3, 23, 77, 167, 170

shravasti, 57, 58, 60

Shubhakarasimha, 76

Shundao, 109

Shundi, Emperor, 191

Shunyata, 80

Shunzhi Emperor, 202

Sichuan, 74

Silabhadra, 76

Silla, 109, 110

Singapore, 109

Six Dynasties period, 89

Sixth Patriarch, 94

sleeping without dreams, 10

Sokka Gakkai movement, 119

Song Confucians, 100

Song dynasty, 88, 97, 99, 100, 106, 107, 110

Song Taizu, 100, 107

Songmun Temple, 109

Sosurim, 109

Soto school, 115

Soto Zen school, 116

Source Mirror Record, 110

South Fukien Buddhist Institute, 148

Southern dynasty, 80, 86, 87

Southern Song Dynasty, 101

Spencer, Herbert, 161

Spirit Peak, 59, 61

spiritual powers, 53

Spring and Autumn Annals, 31

Srilanka, 75, 124

Srilankan Angarika Buddhapala, 125

Srongtsen Gampo, 97

stainless wisdom, 53

state of awakening, 10

states, four, 9

Stcherbatsky, Theodore, 129

Stede, Wilhelm, 127

Sthavira, 64, 65

Subhadra, 60

Subhakarasimha, 98

Subhuti, 57

substance, 17

Suddhodana, King, 39, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 51, 52, 59

sudras, 3, 4

suffering, three kinds, 13

Sui-Tang dynasty, 87, 105

Su Manshu, 152

Sumatra, 124

Sun Quan, 78

Sun Yatsen, Dr., 148, 152

supernatural

hearing, 53

vision, 53

Supreme Path

consummation of, 49

Suryavamsa, 37

Sutra, Benevolent King, 112

Sutra, Diamond Light, 112

Sutra in Forty-two Chapters, 77

Sutra of Infinite Life, 82

Sutra, Queen Shrimala, 112

sutras, 63, 65

Suvarnabhumi, 75

T

Taiji Tu, 107

Taixu, 147, 148, 149, 150

Tan Sitong, 141

Tang Buddhism, 90

Tang dynasty, 76, 87, 88, 94, 100, 107, 116

Tang Taizong, 88, 89, 97

Tang Xuanzong, 98

Tantra, 114

Tantra/Esoteric School, 93

Tantric Buddhism, 135

Tanxu, 151

Tao Yuanming, 81, 82

Taoism, 78, 85, 88, 89

Tathagata, 69, 70

Teacher of Devas and Humans, 69

teachers

outside paths of the six, 26

path, 72

Tendai school, 113, 116

Thailand, 120

thoughts, quieting, 16

Three Jewels, 55, 58

Three Kingdoms, 78

Three Treatises School (San-Lun), 91

Tiantai school, 89, 91, 113, 135, 150

Tiantai treatises, 110

Tibet, 99, 122

Tibetan esoteric Buddhism, 154

Tibetan lamas, 99

Tibetan Sakyapa sect, 98

Tibetan Tantra, 99

Time sect, 114

Toji Temple, 113

Tokugawa dynasty, 116

Tokugawa shogunate, 116

Tokyo, 115

transcendent wisdom, 67, 80, 83, 96

transformations, illusory, 9

treasuries, five, 9

Treatise on the Different Sects, 65

Treatise on the Mind of Skill in Means, 16

Treatise on the Nirvana of the Outside Paths and the Lesser Vehicle, 29

Treatise of the Samadhi of the Precious King, 216

tripitaka, 63

scriptures, 65

truths, twenty-five, 12

Tsongkhapa, 98, 99

Tu Mu, 87

Tushita Heaven, 39

Twenty-Eighth Patriarch, 87

Twenty Essential Rules for the Zen Community (Baizhang), 216

U

Udayin, 46

United States, 128

Unrai, Ogihara, 126

Upadesha, 64

Upali, 57, 59, 62

Upanishads, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 20, 21, 30

upasakas, 55, 56

upasikas, 55, 56

Uruvilva Forest, 51

Uruvilva-Kashyapa, 56

V

Vairocana Sutra, 29

Vaishali, 60, 64

Vaisheshika

school, 12, 17, 18, 26

vaisyas, 3

Vajrajnana, 98

Vajramati, 76

Vanavasi, 75

Varanasi, 52, 55

Vardhamana Mahavira, 23

Vashpa, 62

Vasubandhu, 76, 127

Vasumitra, 64, 76

Vatta-Gamani, King, 75

Vedanta

school, 12, 21

Vedas, 3, 6, 7, 11, 20, 21, 25, 30

Vedic elegies, 6

Venuvana Vihara, 57, 58

Vibhuti Pada, 14

Vietnam, 109, 121

views, sixty-two, 28

Vimalakirti Nirdesha Sutra, 28, 112

Vinaya, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 112

school, 89, 90, 112, 150

vinaya-vibhasha, 64

Visvamitra, 43

W

Walleser, Max, 126

Wang Anshi, 100

Wang Bowei, 202

Wang Enyang, 141

WangKon, 110

Wang Tong, 88

Wang Yangming, 136

Wang Yangming school, 102

Wang Xiangqi, 147

Warren, Henry, 128

Warring States, 116

warrior class, 37

Wat Mahathat, 121

Wat Po temple, 121

Wei dynasty, 80, 86, 106

Wei-Jin period, 79

Wei kingdom, 78

Weiler, Hermann, 126

Wencheng, Princess, 97

Wenxin Diaolong, 107

Wheel of the Dharma, 55

Wheel-Turning Sage King, 42

White Horse Temple, 77

White Lotus Society, 82

will, source of, 10

Windisch, Ernst, 127

winds, five, 10

Winternitz, Moritz, 127

withdrawal from the world, 4

Wonhyo, 110

World Buddhist Federation, 148

World-Honored One, 69

Worldly Secularism

school, 12, 22

Wu, 78

Wu, Emperor, 87, 171

Wuchang Buddhist Institute, 148

Wuchang rebellion, 148

X

Xianshou Fazang, 76, 89

Xiaoyao Garden, 84

Xibiante-er, 129

Xie Lingyun, 82

Xi Kang, 99, 122

Xiong Shili, 141, 145

Xiong Xiling, 146

Xuanfang, 112

Xuanwu, Emperor, 87

Xuanzang, 76, 89

Xuanzong, Emperor, 105

Xuyun, 150, 151

Y

Yajur-Veda, 6

Yama's heaven, 6

Yang Du, 146

Yang Renshan of Shidai, 140, 142, 143, 144, 145

Yang Wenhui, 140

Yang Yi, 191, 192, 213

Yangzi River, 87, 88, 123

Yanmen, 81

Yao Chang, 84

Yao family, 80

Yao Guangxiao, 107

Yao Xing, 84

Yashas, 55, 64

Yashodhara, 45, 47, 59

Yavana, 74

regions, 75

Yellow River, 85

Valley, 87

Yellow School, 98, 99

Yellow Sect of Tibetan Tantra, 103

Yelu Chucai, 107

Yi Song-gye, 111

Yibuzong Lun, 65

Yijing, 76, 124

Yingei, 151

Yinguang, 150, 151

yin-shi, 167

yin-yang, 19

Yinyang Shushu, 107

Yinyuan, 116

Yixing, 107

Yoga

school, 12, 14, 15, 16

Yoga Shastra, 28

Yogacara, 76, 112

Buddhism, 96, 141

philosophy, 76, 89

school, 135

theory, 76

Yongle period, 99

Yongming Temple, 110

Yongzheng Emperor, 104, 137

Yongzheng reign, 135

Yoshino, 115

youth of many talents, 42

Yuan dynasty, 97, 98, 99, 111

Tantric Buddhism in, 101

Yuan Shikai, 146, 147

Yuandi, Emperor, 169

Yuanhong, 191

Yuanying, 151

Yuezhi, 77, 78

Yulin, 103

yung, 17

Yungang caves, 107

Yunmen school, 99

Yushan Fanchang, 106

Yuzunembutsu sect, 114

Z

Zen, 114

dissemination of, 133

Zen monastic system, 161, 170

abbot, 173

abbot and government, 175

abbot's appointment of leaders, 177

abbot's attendants, 186

abbot's post and six events, 179

and Chinese culture, 220

collective living, 193

equality of faith, 199

equality of sentient beings, 200

influence of Zen communities, 192

labor and economy, 197

monks, two echelons, 180

monks, working, 189

monk's clothing, 194

monk's dwelling places, 196

monk's food, 195

monk's way of walking, 196

Patriarchal Clan Society, 218

regulations, guidelines, 173

secret societies, 222

temple administration, 182

variations to Pure Rules, 191

Zen community Pure Rules, 209

Zen hall, 203

Zen hall life, 205

Zen hall teachers, 204

Zen hall teaching methods, 207

Zen hall transformation, 209

Zen school, 88, 92, 94, 96, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 115, 135, 150, 192

change of system, 93

Zen teachings, 167

Zeng Guofan, 140

Zeng Jize, 140

Zetian, Empress Wu, 93, 94, 105

Zhang Taiyan, 141, 152

Zhang Zai, 100

Zhao dynasty

later, 80

Zhao Kuangyin, 100

Zhao Pu, 100

Zhejiang, 74

Zhichan, 78

Zhijue, 110

Zhiliang, 78

Zhiqian, 78

Zhiyi, 88

Zhou Dunyi, 100

Zhou dynasty, 2

Eastern, 21, 34, 36

Zhou Xuzhi, 190

Zhu Falan, 169

Zhu Folang, 78

Zhu Xi, 101

Zhuang Zi, 190

Zhuangzi, 80, 81, 84, 85, 86, 100, 102

Zhuhong, 102

Zibo, 102

Zimmer, Heinrich, 127

Zong Jing Lu, 88, 110