Chapter Twelve

Neo-Enochiana

Everything up to this point has been Dee-purist Enochiana, taken directly from Dee’s journals and presented in a form in which Dee himself might have practiced. Everything from this point will focus upon the neo-Enochian system, drawing from Book H and the Concourse of the Forces.

To begin with, neo-Enochian makes use of the Reformed Great Table of Raphael. This version of the Great Table does appear in Dee’s journals, but it was not directly related to the rest of his magickal system. Instead, it was used to decipher an encrypted message from God (transmitted through Kelley to Dee). Because of this, various changes were made in the ordering of the Watchtowers as well as some changes to their lettering. You can see the Reformed Great Table of Raphael in figure 5. This version of the Great Table is the one found on the frontispiece of Book H.

It is also noteworthy that the Reformed Great Table of Book H does not include the mysterious Black Cross that binds together Dee’s original Watchtowers in the Great Table. Instead, the three Parts of the Earth that are written upon it (Lexarph, Comanan, and Tabitom, excluding the initial L) are broken down into four sets of five letters:187

e	x	a	r	p
h	C	o	m	a
n	a	n	T	a
b	i	t	o	m

This little table does appear in Dee’s journals188 but not as part of the Great Table. Its purpose was merely to illustrate to Dee how to separate the letters of the three Parts of the Earth so they would fit properly into the Black Cross. It is never hinted that EXARP, HCOMA, NANTA, and BITOM are words in their own right. Still, the author of Book H decided to eliminate the Black Cross from his Great Table and replace it with the little table above, which he called the Table of Union. The methods he gave for forming names from the Watchtowers with letters from the Table of Union are largely similar to Dee’s original instructions, except they have been altered or expanded. (This is why the Book H version of the system includes a somewhat different set of angel names than we find in Dee’s personal grimoire.)

The combination of the Reformed Great Table of Raphael with the Table of Union is the very hallmark of the neo-Enochian tradition.

Figure 64: The Reformed Great Table of Raphael with the Table of Union (Book H)189

The Colors of the Watchtowers

The Watchtowers and Table of Union are colored according to their Golden Dawn–based elemental associations:

Table 31: Colors of the Elements

Spirit = white (The supplemental, or “flashing,” color to white is black.)190

Air = yellow (The flashing color is violet.)

Water = blue (The flashing color is orange.)

Earth = black (The flashing color is white.)

Fire = red (The flashing color is green.)

The Table of Union, representing Spirit, is drawn upon a white background.

• The letters EXARP, representing Spirit of Air, are drawn in yellow.
• The letters HCOMA, representing Spirit of Water, are drawn in blue.
• The letters NANTA, representing Spirit of Earth, are drawn in black.
• The letters BITOM, representing Spirit of Fire, are drawn in red.

Spirit is also represented in each Watchtower via the five crosses (the Great Cross in the center and the four Calvary Crosses in each subquadrant). All of these have a white background, and the lettering upon them is the flashing color black.

The four subquadrants of each Watchtower are colored according to the subquadrant’s element:

Figure 65: The Four Elements in a Watchtower

The Watchtower of the East, representing the element of Air, is drawn upon a yellow background.

• The upper-left subquadrant represents Air of Air. Because yellow letters on a yellow background would be invisible, the letters are instead drawn in the flashing color violet.
• The upper-right subquadrant represents Water of Air. Its letters are drawn in blue.
• The lower-right subquadrant represents Fire of Air. Its letters are drawn in red.
• The lower-left subquadrant represents Earth of Air. Its letters are drawn in black.

The Watchtower of the South, representing the element of Fire, is drawn upon a red background.

• The upper-left subquadrant represents Air of Fire. Its letters are drawn in yellow.
• The upper-right subquadrant represents Water of Fire. Its letters are drawn in blue.
• The lower-right subquadrant represents Fire of Fire. Its letters are drawn in the flashing color green.
• The lower-left subquadrant represents Earth of Fire. Its letters are drawn in black.

The Watchtower of the West, representing the element of Water, is drawn upon a blue background.

• The upper-left subquadrant represents Air of Water. Its letters are drawn in yellow.
• The upper-right subquadrant represents Water of Water. Its letters are drawn in the flashing color orange.
• The lower-right subquadrant represents Fire of Water. Its letters are drawn in red.
• The lower-left subquadrant represents Earth of Water. Its letters are drawn in black.

The Watchtower of the North, representing the element of Earth, is drawn upon a black background.

• The upper-left subquadrant represents Air of Earth. Its letters are drawn in yellow.
• The upper-right subquadrant represents Water of Earth. Its letters are drawn in blue.
• The lower-right subquadrant represents Fire of Earth. Its letters are drawn in red.
• The lower-left subquadrant represents Earth of Earth. Its letters are drawn in the flashing color white.

These Watchtower tablets, along with the Table of Union, can be painted and hung in their respective quarters in your temple. The Table of Union should be placed in the center of the room, upon the altar.

The Angelic Hierarchies of the Watchtowers

The Highest Spiritual Names

The highest, most divine names upon the Watchtowers are those found in the five crosses of each Watchtower—that is, the Great Cross and the Calvary Crosses found in each subquadrant.

The three names of God that govern the entire Watchtower are found upon the horizontal arm of the Great Cross in the center of each tablet:

Figure 66: The Horizontal Arm of the Great Cross (Three Names of God)

Table 32: The Twelve Elemental Names of God

Eastern (Air)	Oro, Ibah, and Aozpi
Southern (Fire)	Oip, Teaa, and Pdoce
Western (Water)	Mph, Arsl, and Gaiol
Northern (Earth)	Mor, Dial, and Hctga

These names are often used to designate an entire Watchtower. For example, the Watchtower of the East might be called the “Oro Tablet” and the Watchtower of the South might be called the “Oip Tablet.”

The name of the Great King of each Watchtower, representing the sun operating in its element, is found in a spiral pattern in the center of the tablet’s Great Cross.

Figure 67: The Spiral Center (Great King) of a Great Cross

In the neo-Enochian system, this Great King is considered a solar archangel rather than a name of God.

Table 33: The Four Solar Kings of the Elements

Eastern	Bataivah, Sol in Air
Southern	Edlprnaa, Sol in Fire
Western	Raagiosl, Sol in Water
Northern	Iczhihal, Sol in Earth

The remaining six planets operating in each element are represented by the six seniors (or elders) of the apocalypse. Their names are found upon the four arms of the Great Cross in each tablet:

Figure 68: The Great Cross (the Twenty-Four Elders)

Table 34: The Twenty-Four Planetary Elders of the Elements

	eastern (air)	southern (fire)	western (water)	northern (earth)
Mars:	Habioro	Aaetpio	Lsrahpm	Laidrom
Jupiter:	Aaozaif	Adoeoet	Saiinov	Aczinor
Luna:	Htmorda	Alndvod	Laoaxrp	Lzinopo
Venus:	Ahaozpi	Aapdoce	Slgaiol	Alhctga
Saturn:	Hipotga	Arinnap	Ligdisa	Liiansa
Mercury:	Autotar	Anodoin	Soniznt	Ahmlicu

Finally, there are two names of God found in each subquadrant of the Watchtowers. One name is used to summon of the angels of its subquadrant; the other is used when commanding those angels:

Figure 69: The Four Calvary Crosses
(Divine Names of Summoning and Command)

Table 35: The Elemental Divine Names of Summoning and Command

		eastern	southern	western	northern
Air Subquads	Summon:	Idoigo	Noalmr	Obgota	Angpoi
	Command:	Ardza	Oloag	Aabco	Unnax
Water Subquads	Summon:	Llacza	Vadali	Nelapr	Anaeem
	Command:	Palam	Obaua	Omebb	Sondn
Earth Subquads	Summon:	Aiaoai	Uolxdo	Maladi	Abalpt
	Command:	Oiiit	Sioda	Olaad	Arbiz
Fire Subquads	Summon:	Aourrz	Rzionr	Iaaasd	Opmnir
	Command:	Aloai	Nrzfm	Atapa	Ilpiz

An example: if one wishes to work magick concerning storms, it would be best to call upon the angels in the watery subquadrant of the Eastern Watchtower—the angels of Water of Air. Thus, you would summon those angels in the name of God Llacza and command them in the name Palam.

On the other hand, if you wished to work magick concerning the passions of love or war, you might choose the angels of the fiery subquadrant of the Western Watchtower—the angels of Fire (passion) of Water (emotions). Summon them in the name of God Iaaasd and command them in the name Atapa.

The Angels and Spirits of the Subquadrants

The keys to the Golden Dawn’s method of drawing names from the Watchtowers’ subquadrants are the letters of the Table of Union and the five elements attributed to them:

Figure 70: The Elements on the Table of Union

There are four letters above the arms of the Calvary Cross in each subquadrant of each Watchtower. These letters form the names of four kherubic angels who govern the subquadrant. The same four letters are used in the name of each kherub, simply anagramming the letters to form the different names.

Each kherub answers to an archangel whose name is the same as the kherub’s, with one letter from the Table of Union prefixed to it. This letter from the Table of Union will always be the first of the letters associated with the Watchtower, which represents the Spirit of the Watchtower’s element; thus, E (from EXARP) for all kherubic archangels in the Eastern Watchtower, H (from HCOMA) for the kherubic archangels of the Western Watchtower, N (from NANTA) for the kherubic archangels of the Northern Watchtower, and B (from BITOM) for the kherubic archangels of the Southern Watchtower:

Figure 71: Subquadrant Kherubic Squares

Table 36: Air Subquadrant Kherubs

	e. (air of air) archangel/kherub	s. (air of fire) archangel/ kherub	w. (air of water) archangel/ kherub	n. (air of earth) archangel/ kherub
1	Erzla/Rzla	Bdopa/Dopa	Htaad/Taad	Nboza/Boza
2	Ezlar/Zlar	Bopad/Opad	Haadt/Aadt	Nozab/Ozab
3	Elarz/Larz	Bpado/Pado	Hadta/Adta	Nzabo/Zabo
4	Earzl/Arzl	Badop/Adop	Hdtaa/Dtaa	Naboz/Aboz

Table 37: Water Subquadrant Kherubs

	e. (water of air) archangel/kherub	s. (water of fire) archangel/kherub	w. (water of water) archangel/kherub	n. (water of earth) archangel/kherub
1	Eytpa/Ytpa	Banaa/Anaa	Htdim/Tdim	Nphra/Phra
2	Etpay/Tpay	Bnaaa/Naaa	Hdimt/Dimt	Nhrap/Hrap
3	Epayt/Payt	Baaan/Aaan	Himtd/Imtd	Nraph/Raph
4	Eaytp/Aytp	Baana/Aana	Hmtdi/Mtdi	Naphr/Aphr

Table 38: Earth Subquadrant Kherubs

	e. (earth of air) archangel/kherub	s. (earth of fire) archangel/ kherub	w. (earth of water) archangel/ kherub	n. (earth of earth) archangel/ kherub
1	Etnbr/Tnbr	Bpsac/Psac	Hmagl/Magl	Nocnc/Ocnc
2	Enbrt/Nbrt	Bsacp/Sacp	Haglm/Aglm	Ncnco/Cnco
3	Ebrtn/Brtn	Bacps/Acps	Hglma/Glma	Nncoc/Ncoc
4	Ertnb/Rtnb	Bcpsa/Cpsa	Hlmag/Lmag	Ncocn/Cocn

Table 39: Fire Subquadrant Kherubs

	e. (fire of air) archangel/kherub	s. (fire of fire) archangel/ kherub	w. (fire of water) archangel/ kherub	n. (fire of earth) archangel/ kherub
1	Exgsd/Xgsd	Bziza/Ziza	Hnlrx/Nlrx	Nasmt/Asmt
2	Egsdx/Gsdx	Bizaz/Izaz	Hlrxn/Lrxn	Nsmta/Smta
3	Esdxg/Sdxg	Bzazi/Zazi	Hrxnl/Rxnl	Nmtas/Mtas
4	Edxgs/Dxgs	Baziz/Aziz	Hxnlr/Xnlr	Ntasm/Tasm

Figure 72: Subquadrant Servient Squares

Beneath the arms of every Calvary Cross are four groups of letters. By anagramming the four letters in each group, as we did for the kherubs above, we find the names of sixteen angels in each subquadrant. These are servient angels of the elements, who work closest to the physical world.

Every servient angel answers to an archangel, just as the kherubs did above. To form the names of these archangels, you must use the letters from the Table of Union that are associated with the entire Watchtower. Prefix the specific letter that represents the subquadrant’s element to the name of the servient angel.

For example, the letters associated with the Eastern Watchtower are EXARP. The four letters associated with the subquadrants are X (Air), A (Water), R (Earth), and P (Fire). The same pattern follows for the other three groups of Table of Union letters: C, O, M, and A for the Western Watchtower; A, N, T, and A for the Northern Watchtower; and I, T, O, and M for the Southern Watchtower. The angels’ names are as follows:

Table 40: Air Subquadrant Servient Angels

	e. (air of air) archangel/angel	s. (air of fire) archangel/ angel	w. (air of water) archangel/ angel	n. (air of earth) archangel/ angel
1	Xczns/Czns	Iopmn/Opmn	Ctoco/Toco	Aaira/Aira
2	Xznsc/Znsc	Ipmno/Pmno	Cocot/Ocot	Airaa/Iraa
3	Xnscz/Nscz	Imnop/Mnop	Ccoto/Coto	Araai/Raai
4	Xsczn/Sczn	Inopm/Nopm	Cotoc/Otoc	Aaair/Aair
5	Xtott/Tott	Iapst/Apst	Cnhdd/Ngdd	Aormn/Ormn
6	Xottt/Ottt	Ipsta/Psta	Chddn/Hddn	Armno/Rmno
7	Xttto/Ttto	Istap/Stap	Cddnh/Ddnh	Amnor/Mnor
8	Xttot/Ttot	Itaps/Taps	Cdnhd/Dnhd	Anorm/Norm
9	Xsias/Sias	Iscio/Scio	Cpaax/Paax	Arsni/Rsni
10	Xiass/Iass	Icios/Cios	Caaxp/Aaxp	Asnir/Snir
11	Xassi/Assi	Iiosc/Iosc	Caxpa/Axpa	Anirs/Nirs
12	Xssia/Ssia	Iosci/Osci	Cxpaa/Xpaa	Airsn/Irsn
13	Xfmnd/Fmnd	Ivasg/Vasg	Csaix/Saix	Aiznr/Iznr
14	Xmndf/Mndf	Iasgv/Asgv	Xaixs/Aixs	Aznri/Znri
15	Xndfm/Ndfm	Isgva/Sgva	Cixsa/Ixsa	Anriz/Nriz
16	Xdfmn/Dfmn	Igvas/Gvas	Cxsai/Xsai	Arizn/Rizn

Table 41: Water Subquadrant Servient Angels

	e. (water of air) archangel/angel	s. (water of fire) archangel/ angel	w. (water of water) archangel/ angel	n. (water of earth) archangel/ angel
1	Aoyub/Oyub	Tgmnm/Gmnm	Omagm/Magm	Nomgg/Omgg
2	Ayubo/Yubo	Tmnmg/Mnmg	Oagmm/Agmm	Nmggo/Mggo
3	Auboy/Uboy	Tnmgm/Nmgm	Ogmma/Gmma	Nggom/Ggom
4	Aboyu/Boyu	Tmgmn/Mgmn	Ommag/Mmag	Ngomg/Gomg
5	Apaoc/Paoc	Tecop/Ecop	Oleoc/Leoc	Ngbal/Gbal
6	Aaocp/Aocp	Tcope/Cope	Oeocl/Eocl	Nbalg/Balg
7	Aocpa/Ocpa	Topec/Opec	Oocle/Ocle	Nalgb/Algb
8	Acpao/Cpao	Tpeco/Peco	Ocleo/Cleo	Nlgba/Lgba
9	Arbnh/Rbnh	Tamox/Amox	Ovssn/Vssn	Nrlmv/Rlmu
10	Abnhr/Bnhr	Tmoxa/Moxa	Ossnv/Ssnv	Nlmvr/Lmur
11	Anhrb/Nhrb	Toxam/Oxam	Osnvs/Snvs	Nmvrl/Murl
12	Ahrbn/Hrbn	Txamo/Xamo	Onvss/Nvss	Nvrlm/Urlm
13	Adiri/Diri	Tbrap/Brap	Orvoi/Rvoi	Niahl/Iahl
14	Airid/Irid	Trapb/Rapb	Ovoir/Voir	Nahli/Ahli
15	Aridi/Ridi	Tapbr/Apbr	Ooirv/Oirv	Nhlia/Hlia
16	Aidir/Idir	Tpbra/Pbra	Oirvo/Irvo	Nliah/Liah

Table 42: Earth Subquadrant Servient Angels

	e. (earth of air) archangel/angel	s. (earth of fire) archangel/ angel	w. (earth of water) archangel/ angel	n. (earth of earth) archangel/ angel
1	Rabmo/Abmo	Odatt/Datt	Mpaco/Paco	Topna/Opna
2	Rbmoa/Bmoa	Oattd/Attd	Macop/Acop	Tpnao/Pnao
3	Rmoab/Moab	Ottda/Ttda	Mcopa/Copa	Tnaop/Naop
4	Roabm/Oabm	Otdat/Tdat	Mopac/Opac	Taopn/Aopn
5	Rnaco/Naco	Odiom/Diom	Mndzn/Ndzn	Tdoop/Doop
6	Racon/Acon	Oiomd/Iomd	Mdznn/Dznn	Toopd/Oopd
7	Rcona/Cona	Oomdi/Omdi	Mznnd/Znnd	Topdo/Opdo
8	Ronac/Onac	Omdio/Mdio	Mnndz/Nndz	Tpdoo/Pdoo
9	Rocnm/Ocnm	Ooopz/Oopz	Miipo/Iipo	Trxao/Rxao
10	Rcnmo/Cnmo	Oopzo/Opzo	Mipol/Ipol	Txaor/Xaor
11	Rnmoc/Nmoc	Opzoo/Pzoo	Mpoli/Poli	Taorx/Aorx
12	Rmocn/Mocn	Ozoop/Zoop	Molip/Olip	Torxa/Orxa
13	Rshal/Shal	Organ/Rgan	Mxrnh/Rnhx	Taxir/Axir
14	Rhals/Hals	Oganr/Ganr	Mrnhx/Rnhx	Txira/Xira
15	Ralsh/Alsh	Oanrg/Anrg	Mnhxr/Nhxr	Tirax/Irax
16	Rlsha/Lsha	Onrga/Nrga	Mhxrn/Hxrn	Traxi/Raxi

Table 43: Fire Subquadrant Servient Angels

	e. (fire of air) archangel/angel	s. (fire of fire) archangel/ angel	w. (fire of water) archangel/ angel	n. (fire of earth) archangel/ angel
1	Pacca/Acca	Madre/Adre	Axpcn/Xpcn	Amsap/Msap
2	Pccaa/Ccaa	Mdrea/Drea	Apcnx/Pcnx	Asapm/Sapm
3	Pcaac/Caac	Mread/Read	Acnxp/Cnxp	Aapms/Apms
4	Paacc/Aacc	Meadr/Eadr	Anxpc/Nxpc	Apmsa/Pmsa
5	Pnpnt/Npnt	Msisp/Sisp	Avasa/Vasa	Alaba/Iaba
6	Ppntn/Pntn	Misps/Isps	Aasav/Asav	Aabal/Abai
7	Pntnp/Ntnp	Mspsi/Spsi	Asava/Sava	Abala/Baia
8	Ptnpn/Tnpn	Mpsis/Psis	Aavas/Avas	Aalab/Aiab
9	Potoi/Otoi	Mpali/Pali	Adapi/Dapi	Aizxp/Izxp
10	Ptoio/Toio	Malip/Alip	Aapid/Apid	Azxpi/Zxpi
11	Poiot/Oiot	Mlipa/Lipa	Apida/Pida	Axpiz/Xpiz
12	Pioto/Ioto	Mipal/Ipal	Aidap/Idap	Apizx/Pizx
13	Ppmox/Pmox	Macar/Acar	Arnix/Rnil	Astim/Stim
14	Pmoxp/Moxp	Mcara/Cara	Anixr/Nilr	Atims/Tims
15	Poxpm/Oxpm	Marac/Arac	Aixrn/Ilrn	Aimst/Imst
16	Pxpmo/Xpmo	Mraca/Raca	Axrni/Lrni	Amsti/Msti

The Evil Spirits of the Watchtowers

Though they are not mentioned in the Concourse of the Forces, the Golden Dawn also recognized the evil spirits of the Watchtowers. However, like the rest of the Watchtower hierarchies, the Order had their own method of generating these entities’ names, and they also recognized a greater number of such spirits than we see in Dee’s original system.

Each spirit is formed of one-half of the name of a servient angel with the appropriate letter from the Table of Union prefixed onto it. The rule is the same as for the servient-square archangels: X, A, R, and P are used for the four subquadrants of the Eastern Watchtower; C, O, M, and A are used in the Western Watchtower; A, N, T, and A are used in the Northern Watchtower; and I, T, O, and M are used in the Southern Watchtower.

It is unclear if the spirit names were then intended to be anagrammed to form new names. If not, then there are only eight spirits in each subquadrant. If anagramming is intended, then there are sixteen evil spirits in each. To save space, I will only offer eight names for each subquadrant here; the student can easily form the remaining names by following the rules already given.

These evil spirits will each represent a force counter to the nature of the related servient angel. Thus, for example, the servient angel Adre resides in the Fire subquadrant of the Southern Watchtower, representing Fire of Fire (or pure elemental Fire). He represents all things related to passion, energy, fire, and heat. The two spirits formed from his name are Mad and Mre, both of whom represent such things as lethargy, indifference, and the dying embers of fires. As always in the neo-Enochian system, the natures of the elements and sub-elements determine the natures of the entities involved.

Table 44: Evil Spirits of the Air Subquadrants

	e. (air of air)	s. (air of fire)	w. (air of water)	n. (air of earth)
1/2)	Xcz/Xns	Iop/Imn	Cto/Cco	Aai/Ara
3/4)	Xto/Xtt	Iap/Ist	Cnh/Cdd	Aor/Amn
5/6)	Xsi/Xas	Isc/Iio	Cpa/Cax	Ars/Ani
7/8)	Xfm/Xnd	Iva/Isg	Csa/Cix	Aiz/Anr

Table 45: Evil Spirits of the Water Subquadrants

	e. (water of air)	s. (water of fire)	w. (water of water)	n. (water of earth)
1/2)	Aoy/Aub	Tgm/Tnm	Oma/Ogm	Nom/Ngg
3/4)	Apa/Aoc	Tec/Top	Ole/Ooc	Ngb/Nal
5/6)	Arb/Anh	Tam/Tox	Ovs/Osn	Nrl/Nmu
7/8)	Adi/Ari	Tbr/Tap	Orv/Ooi	Nia/Nhl

Table 46: Evil Spirits of the Earth Subquadrants

	e. (earth of air)	s. (earth of fire)	w. (earth of water)	n. (earth of earth)
1/2)	Rab/Rmo	Oda/Ott	Mpa/Mco	Top/Tna
3/4)	Rna/Rco	Odi/Oom	Mnd/Mzn	Tdo/Top
5/6)	Roc/Rnm	Ooo/Opz	Mii/Mpo	Trx/Tao
7/8)	Rsh/Ral	Org/Oan	Mxr/Mnh	Tax/Tir

Table 47: Evil Spirits of the Fire Subquadrants

	e. (fire of air)	s. (fire of fire)	w. (fire of water)	n. (fire of earth)
1/2)	Pac/Pca	Mad/Mre	Axp/Acn	Ams/Aap
3/4)	Pnp/Pnt	Msi/Msp	Ava/Asa	Aia/Aba
5/6)	Pot/Poi	Mpa/Mli	Ada/Api	Aiz/Axp
7/8)	Ppm/Pox	Mac/Mar	Arn/Ail	Ast/Aim

In order to work with the neo-Enochian angels, it is necessary to construct a truncated pyramid for the Watchtower cell in which your chosen angel resides. (I will give instructions for this later.) However, you will notice that the name of every angel (or spirit) covers more than one cell. Therefore, you will need to remember that the entity’s home location is the cell that holds the first letter of his name.

For example, if you wish to work with the Fire of Earth sub-element (volcanoes, forest fires, etc.), you might choose to summon the servient angel Msap. His name is found beneath the arms of the Calvary Cross in the Fire subquadrant (lower right) of the Northern Watchtower. Though his name covers four cells, his home cell is the one containing the letter M.

Meanwhile, Msap has three brothers—Sapm, Apms, and Pmsa—whose names all cover the same four cells. The angel Sapm finds his home in the cell containing the letter S. His brother Apms is located in the cell containing the letter A. The fourth angel in this group, Pmsa, is found in the next cell holding the letter P. This rule applies to every angel or spirit in the Watchtowers.

The Tetragrammaton and the Watchtowers

In order to create any angel’s pyramid, you will need to know the element of the Watchtower and the sub-element of the subquadrant, both of which are covered in the previous section. However, in order to figure out the correspondences—tarot, astrological, geomantic, and Hebrew—for a given pyramid, you will also need to know exactly how the name of God—Tetragrammaton (YHVH)—is applied to the Watchtower cells.

The Golden Dawn adepts created a complex system for assigning the four letters of the Tetragrammaton to the cells of the Watchtowers. In some cases, the letters run forward in a row and sometimes backward. Sometimes they are written downward in a column and sometimes upward. In many cases, the reasons are obvious—such as when the letter associated with the Watchtower’s element is written first, followed by the rest of the letters in order. Yet, in many cases, it is unclear why they chose to write the name upward or downward, or why they chose to start each name from one corner of a subquadrant or another.

While the system itself has been outlined in detail in the Concourse of the Forces, the exact reasoning behind it has, to my knowledge, never been published. Therefore, rather than attempting to explain or apologize for the system, here I will simply provide an easy reference guide to finding the letter or letters of the Tetragrammaton that are applied to every cell of the Watchtowers. In the following section, I will explain how to use the elements and the letters of the Tetragrammaton to create any truncated pyramid square you might need in your magick.

The Tetragrammaton and the Elements

First, you must understand that the Golden Dawn associated the four letters of the Tetragrammaton ( ) to the classical elements in the following order:

Table 48: The Tetragrammaton and the Four Elements

(Y)	=	Fire ( )
(H)	=	Water ( )
(V)	=	Air ( )
191 (H)	=	Earth ( ) 192

Naturally, these four letters are each assigned to an entire Watchtower based upon their elemental associations. Likewise, each subquadrant is assigned a letter based upon its element:

Figure 73: The Tetragrammaton on the Great Table

The Table of Union, as well, is given a couple layers of symbolism. The four “words”193 EXARP, HCOMA, NANTA, and BITOM are each assigned a letter of the Tetragrammaton:

EXARP = Air/

HCOMA = Water/

NANTA = Earth/

BITOM = Fire/

Then, each letter in each “word” is assigned to Spirit and the four elements, giving each individual letter a sub-elemental association. For example, EXARP alone represents Spirit of Air, Air of Air, Water of Air, Earth of Air, and Fire of Air, in order. This allows each “word” in the Table of Union to associate directly with the various sub-elements found in the subquadrants of the Watchtowers.

Figure 74: The Tetragrammaton on the Table of Union

The Tetragrammaton and the Watchtower Cells

Next, the four letters are assigned to the cells of the Great Crosses. Each letter covers three cells each. The Hebrew letter at the top and at the extreme left of each Great Cross is always the letter that rules the entire Watchtower:

Figure 75: The Tetragrammaton on the Great Crosses

Then, the Tetragrammaton is assigned to the cells of the subquadrants. It begins with the four “kherubic” cells found above the arms of each Calvary Cross. The Tetragrammaton is written leftward or rightward depending on the subquadrant. (See figure 76—the horizontal arrows indicate which direction the Tetragrammaton runs in each case.)

For the servient cells beneath the arms of each Calvary Cross, the Tetragrammaton is written in the same order used for the kherubic squares above it—but written downward instead. (See figure 76—the vertical arrows indicate which direction the Tetragrammaton runs in each case.)

Figure 76: The Tetragrammaton in the Subquadrants

The servient squares are special because they are each assigned two letters of the Tetragrammaton. The first letter is always the same as the kherubic square directly above it (at the top of the same column). The second is always from the Tetragrammaton written alongside the subquadrant, taking the letter from the same row, or rank. The column and rank letters assigned to each servient cell both will be used to construct that cell’s pyramid.

The Tetragrammaton and Astrology in the Watchtowers

Before we can go further, you will need to understand astrological triplicities and qualities.

If you have studied astrology at all, you are likely already familiar with the triplicities. Basically, each sign of the zodiac is assigned one of the four elements. Since there are twelve signs, that means the four elements are assigned to three signs each, called the elemental triplicities. They are as follows:

Table 49: The Four Zodiacal Triplicities

Fire Triplicity	Aries Leo Sagittarius
Water Triplicity	Cancer Scorpio Pisces
Air Triplicity	Libra Aquarius Gemini
Earth Triplicity	Capricorn Taurus Virgo

Meanwhile, each sign of the zodiac is also assigned a quality: cardinal, fixed, or mutable. Each triplicity includes one sign of each quality. Since there are four triplicities, that give us four signs of each quality in the zodiac.

Table 50: The Three Zodiacal Qualities

quality	fire	water	air	earth
Cardinal	Aries	Cancer	Libra	Capricorn
Fixed	Leo	Scorpio	Aquarius	Taurus
Mutable	Sagittarius	Pisces	Gemini	Virgo

Finally, the Golden Dawn also assigned the letters of the Tetragrammaton to these qualities. This should not be confused with the elemental attributions above.

= cardinal signs

= fixed signs

= mutable signs

You’ll notice this does not leave any signs for the final H, so that letter is simply given the four elements:

= Fire, Water, Air, and Earth

In the construction of the Golden Dawn’s Enochian truncated pyramids, it is necessary to know the elemental attributions of the Tetragrammaton and the zodiacal triplicities as well as the Order’s attribution of the Tetragrammaton to the cardinal, fixed, and mutable qualities. Plus, of course, you will need to know which letter or letters of the Tetragrammaton are assigned to each cell in the Watchtower subquadrants. Taking all of these together, we can figure out exactly which astrological force is working in any given cell.

The Astrological Forces of the Kherubic Squares

First, let’s start with the four cells above the arms of each Calvary Cross, known as the kherubic squares. These squares are always assigned the four symbols of the Holy Living Beasts (also known as the kherubim) described in the first chapter of Ezekiel and the fourth chapter of the book of Revelation: the lion, the eagle, the man, and the bull. These four are given symbols taken from astrology but should not be confused with the actual signs of the zodiac:

Table 51: The Four Kherubs of the Elements

	beast	element
	Lion	Fire
	Eagle	Water
	Man	Air
	Bull	Earth

If you refer to the charts I gave in the section on the Tetragrammaton and the Watchtower cells, you can easily find which letter of YHVH is assigned to any kherubic square. That letter will tell you which of the kherubic symbols should be assigned to that square. It’s that easy.

The Astrological Forces of the Servient Squares

As you have seen, the four groups of cells beneath the arms of the Calvary Crosses—called the servient squares—are each assigned two letters of the Tetragrammaton. The first is assigned to the column and is taken from the kherubic square above it. The second is assigned to the row (or rank) and is taken from the letters written off to the side of the subquadrant. These two letters help us determine which sign of the zodiac will be assigned to each square.

The triplicity element attributed to each servient square is taken from the kherubic square at the top of its column. Thus, if the sign of the kherubic square is the bull, then the zodiacal signs in the entire column will be from the Earth triplicity. On the other hand, if the kherubic square were the lion, the triplicity of the column would be Fire. The same goes for eagle/Water and man/Air.

Meanwhile, the Tetragrammaton letters assigned to each rank of servient squares determine the quality of the zodiac signs. For example, if a given rank of letters is assigned to V ( ), to which the Golden Dawn assigned all mutable signs, then we know the four mutable signs will appear in that row. On the other hand, if the letter assigned to a rank is H ( ), to which the Golden Dawn attributed all fixed signs, we know that row of servient squares will contain the fixed signs. If the letter of the row is Y ( ), to which the Golden Dawn assigned all cardinal signs, then the zodiac signs in that row will be cardinal.

Note: If the letter assigned to the row is the H-final ( ), which has no zodiacal quality, the sigils of the four elements will be placed in that row instead.

In this way, the two letters of the Tetragrammaton assigned to each servient square will tell you the triplicity and quality of the zodiac sign associated with it. If, for example, a square is assigned the fixed Fire sign, we know it is Leo, or if it is assigned the mutable Earth sign, we know it is Virgo, etc.

Putting It All Together:
Working Out a Subquadrant

To illustrate this process, let us work out the zodiac for one of the subquadrants. By doing this, you will see how simple the process really is in practice. We will use the Fire subquadrant of the Eastern Watchtower as our example.

Figure 77: The Fire of Air Subquadrant

1) First, refer to the previously given charts for the letters of the Tetragrammaton assigned to the kherubic squares of this subquadrant. Then place the four kherubic symbols in these four cells. Going from left to right:

• The Eagle (Water) is placed in the cell assigned to .
• Aquarius the Man (Air) is placed in the cell assigned to .
• Taurus the Bull (Earth) is placed in the cell assigned to .
• Finally, the Lion of Leo (Fire) is placed in the cell assigned to .

2) Now look at the first row of servient squares beneath the Calvary Cross and refer to the chart showing which letter of the Tetragrammaton is assigned to it. This row is assigned to in this case, which means all the signs in this rank will be cardinal. From left to right:

• The kherubic symbol at the top of the first column is the Eagle (Water), so the zodiacal sign in this cell will be cardinal Water: Cancer.
• The kherubic symbol at the top of the second column is the Aquarian symbol of Man (Air), so the sign in this cell will be cardinal Air: Libra.
• The kherubic symbol at the top of the third column is the Bull (Earth), so the sign of this cell is cardinal Earth: Capricorn.
• Finally, the kherubic symbol atop the fourth column is the Lion (Fire), so the sign of this cell is cardinal Fire: Aries.

3) Moving on to the second rank of servient squares, our charts show that the letter is assigned to this row. There are no zodiac signs associated with this letter of the Tetragrammaton, so we simply place the symbols of the elements there instead. From left to right:

• This first column is still the Water column, so this cell will have the symbol for Water.
• The second column is the Air column, so this cell will have the symbol for Air.
• The third column is the Earth column, so this cell will be Earth—for which the Golden Dawn used the symbol of Saturn.
• The fourth column is the Fire column, so this cell will have the symbol for Fire.

4) Moving on to the third rank of servient squares, our charts show that the letter is assigned to this row, so all the signs in this row will be mutable. From left to right:

• This first column is the Water column, so this cell will be mutable Water: Pisces.
• The second column is the Air column, so this cell will be mutable Air: Gemini.
• The third column is the Earth column, so this cell will be mutable Earth: Virgo.
• The fourth column is the Fire column, so this cell will be mutable Fire: Sagittarius.

5) At last we reach the fourth and final rank of servient squares. The charts show that the letter is assigned to this row, so all the signs in this row will be fixed. From left to right:

• This first column is the Water column, so this cell will be fixed Water: Scorpio.
• The second column is the Air column, so this cell will be fixed Air: Aquarius.
• The third column is the Earth column, so this cell will be fixed Earth: Taurus.
• The fourth column is the Fire column, so this cell will be fixed Fire: Leo.

Now you have both the elemental and the astrological associations for every cell surrounding the Calvary Cross in the Fire subquadrant of the Eastern Watchtower. By following the instructions above and referring to the charts of the Tetragrammaton applied to the Watchtowers, you can discover these associations for any of the 320 kherubic and servient squares throughout the entire Great Table of the Earth.

One can also work out the astrological and qabalistic associations for all of the cells of the Great Crosses and the Calvary Crosses in the Watchtowers. However, they follow a different set of rules that represent an advanced practice somewhat beyond this beginner’s introduction. I have chosen to focus entirely upon the kherubic and servient squares of the subquadrants, as those are the ones you will most likely employ for any practical magickal purpose. If you wish to study the advanced Watchtower mysteries, I refer you either to the Concourse of the Forces itself or to the more recent Book of the Concourse of the Watchtowers by Tabatha Cicero.

Geomancy and the Watchtowers

Geomancy means “divination by earth,” and it was one of the favored methods of divination employed by the Golden Dawn. To briefly explain, it involved using a consecrated stick to poke a random number of holes in the ground (or a box of dirt) while concentrating on a question. This was called “squilling.” The resulting number of dots would then be used to calculate one of sixteen geomantic figures.

In a simple reading this would be done just once, and the resulting geomantic figure would be the answer to the question. Each figure had a meaning of its own, plus it was associated with an astrological sign and element that would further illuminate the answer.

In a more complex practice the diviner would repeat the squilling process several times, and the resulting group of geomantic figures would be placed upon a zodiacal chart (according to their astrological associations). This would then be interpreted like any zodiacal chart in order to find a detailed answer to the question.194

When it comes to Golden Dawn neo-Enochiana, it is the astrological associations of the sixteen geomantic figures that are important. Once you know the zodiacal and elemental forces assigned to any given cell of a Watchtower, you can easily look up the associated geomantic figure 195—which will be written upon one of the sides of that cell’s truncated pyramid. Following is a chart showing the geomantic figures along with their names, meanings, and astrological associations:

Table 52: The Geomantic Figures

figure	name (definition)	astrology
	Acquisitio (Acquisition)	Sagittarius/Jupiter
	Amissio (Loss)	Taurus/Venus
	Albus (White)	Gemini/Mercury
	Rubeus (Red)	Scorpius/Mars
	Puella (Girl)	Libra/Venus
	Puer (Boy)	Aries/MarsMars
	Laetitia (Happiness)	Pisces/Jupiter

figure	name (definition)	astrology
	Tristitia (Sorrow)	Aquarius/Saturn
	Caput Draconis (Dragon’s Head)	North Node
	Cauda Draconis (Dragon’s Tail)	South Node
	Populus (Many)	Cancer/Luna
	Via (Way)	Cancer/Luna
	Conjunctio (Joined)	Virgo/Mercury
	Carcer (Prison)	Capricornus/Saturn
	Fortuna Major (Greater Fortune)	Leo/Sol
	Fortuna Minor (Lesser Fortune)	Leo/Sol

The Tarot and the Watchtowers

The Golden Dawn also assigned astrological and elemental attributes to all the cards of the tarot, a system of divination they held in even higher regard than geomancy. For example, the four suits of the Lesser Arcana were assigned to Fire (Wands), Water (Cups), Air (Swords), and Earth (Pentacles).

The cards in these suits, numbered from two to ten, were each assigned a zodiacal sign from its elemental triplicity. For example, the numbered cards of the suit of Wands represented Aries, Leo, and Sagittarius. The suit of Cups represented Cancer, Scorpio, and Pisces. The suit of Swords represented Libra, Aquarius, and Gemini. Finally, the suit of Pentacles represented Capricorn, Taurus, and Virgo.

The Major Arcana, too, was associated with the astrological forces. There are twenty-two cards in the Major Arcana, and they were assigned to the twelve signs of the zodiac, the seven planets, and three of the four elements. (Earth was excluded, but the card of Saturn doubled as the Major Arcana’s Earth card.196) The twenty-two letters of the Hebrew alphabet were also assigned to these same cards, being assigned the same astrological forces as the tarot.

Finally, even the Lesser Arcana’s court cards (King, Queen, Knight, and Knave) were assigned to the sub-elements. Thus, for example, the king of the suit of Wands represented Fire of Fire. His queen represented Water of Fire; their knight (or prince) represented Air of Fire; and the knave (or page) stood for Earth of Fire. These four royals represented the same four sub-elements in each suit.

Because of this, it is possible to assign a tarot card to almost any cell of the Watchtowers and even to the Table of Union. These, too, would be used in the formation of a truncated pyramid. Therefore, I will here provide a list of the tarot cards and which astrological force each represents. I will restrict this list, for now, to the Major Arcana and the court cards of the Lesser Arcana. The numbered cards of the Lesser Arcana, standing for the triplicities, are reserved for advanced Enochian work.

Table 53: Hebrew Letter Correspondences

	hebrew letter	tarot trump	astrological symbol
1)		Fool
2)		Magician
3)		High Priestess
4)		Empress
5)		Emperor
6)		Hierophant
7)		Lovers
8)		Chariot
9)		Strength
10)		Hermit

	hebrew letter	tarot trump	astrological symbol
11)		Wheel of Fortune
12)		Justice
13)		Hanged Man
14)		Death
15)		Temperance
16)		Devil
17)		Tower
18)		Star
19)		Moon
20)		Sun
21)		Judgment
22)		Universe

I have already explained how the Golden Dawn assigned the elements and sub-elements to the Table of Union. In the following chart, I have illustrated how the sixteen court cards (and the four aces) of the Lesser Arcana are applied to it:

Table 54: The Tarot and the Table of Union

	spirit	air	water	earth	fire
air	Ace Swords	Prince Swords	Queen Swords	Page Swords	King Swords
water	Ace Cups	Prince Cups	Queen Cups	Page Cups	King Cups
earth	Ace Pents	Prince Pents	Queen Pents	Page Pents	King Pents
fire	Ace Wands	Prince Wands	Queen Wands	Page Wands	King Wands

In the next chapter I will describe how to use the astrological associations for the Watchtower squares, along with the above lists and charts, to construct the truncated pyramids. I will also explain how to create some associated talismanic figures, and then I will outline how to use them together in a magickal ceremony.

The Forty-Eight Angelical Callings
and the Watchtowers

In the first part of this book I explained the origin and original use for the forty-eight Angelical Callings. They were invocations intended to open the gates of, and summon angels from, the forty-eight tables of the Book of Loagaeth. The system given for this was called Gebofal by the angels in Dee’s records.

However, the early adepts of the Golden Dawn did not know about Gebofal and made the assumption that the Callings were intended to summon angels from the four Watchtowers instead. Therefore, they created their own unique system in which the calls are associated with the Watchtowers and their subquadrants, as well as with the Table of Union. This is one of those key points of disagreement between Dee-purist and neo-Enochian practitioners, though there are those who feel the Golden Dawn’s system has its merits in spite of the older association of the calls to Loagaeth. (The argument is that the Watchtowers are ultimately connected to Loagaeth, which is true, and therefore it might not be outright incorrect to use the calls in conjunction with them.)

In any case, the Golden Dawn system has been using the calls to summon its unique hierarchy of Watchtower angels for over one hundred years, and thus it has a long tradition to support it. If you choose to use neo-Enochian techniques, you will need to know which calls are used to open the various portions of the Great Table. The associations are as follows:

Call 1: Used to invoke the forces of the Table of Union as a whole. This call is always used in neo-Enochian invocations.

Call 2: Used to invoke the pure spiritual forces of the Table of Union, represented in the tablet by the first letter of each line: E, H, N, B.

Call 3: Used to invoke elemental Air. It relates to the line EXARP from the Table of Union, the Eastern Watchtower as a whole, and the Air of Air subquadrant.

Call 4: Used to invoke elemental Water. It relates to the line HCOMA from the Table of Union, the Western Watchtower as a whole, and the Water of Water subquadrant.

Call 5: Used to invoke elemental Earth. It relates to the line NANTA from the Table of Union, the Northern Watchtower as a whole, and the Earth of Earth subquadrant.

Call 6: Used to invoke elemental Fire. It relates to the line BITOM from the Table of Union, the Southern Watchtower as a whole, and the Fire of Fire subquadrant.

Call 7: Used to invoke the Water of Air subquadrant in the Eastern Watchtower.

Call 8: Used to invoke the Earth of Air subquadrant in the Eastern Watchtower.

Call 9: Used to invoke the Fire of Air subquadrant in the Eastern Watchtower.

Call 10: Used to invoke the Air of Water subquadrant in the Western Watchtower.

Call 11: Used to invoke the Earth of Water subquadrant in the Western Watchtower.

Call 12: Used to invoke the Fire of Water subquadrant in the Western Watchtower.

Call 13: Used to invoke the Air of Earth subquadrant in the Northern Watchtower.

Call 14: Used to invoke the Water of Earth subquadrant in the Northern Watchtower.

Call 15: Used to invoke the Fire of Earth subquadrant in the Northern Watchtower.

Call 16: Used to invoke the Air of Fire subquadrant in the Southern Watchtower.

Call 17: Used to invoke the Water of Fire subquadrant in the Southern Watchtower.

Call 18: Used to invoke the Earth of Fire subquadrant in the Southern Watchtower.

Calls 19–48: Used exactly as they were intended in Dee’s original system: to skry the Parts of the Earth and the thirty Aethyrs. Since this aspect of the system is explained in detail in the Dee-purist section of this grimoire, I will refer the reader there for more information. The only difference is that Golden Dawn–style invocations would be used for the skrying rituals rather than for Dee’s Renaissance angel magick–style of ritual. For more on the Golden Dawn’s ritual methods, see chapter 13.

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