Index

Adler, Julius 336, 338, 367–8, 369

Aitken, Max (Lord Beaverbrook) 113, 140, 141, 143, 160, 161, 239, 252, 266, 367, 373, 377, 384, 389, 399

Alber, Louis 203, 206, 208, 212

Allen, Gordon 343

American Civil War 14

Amery, Leo 271

Anne, Queen 16, 17, 18

Anning, Annette 68, 81

aristocracy 2, 13, 15, 229

and impact of First World War 119, 120

Ashley, Maurice 208, 212, 277

Asquith, Herbert 75, 85, 86, 93, 94, 96, 97, 98, 107, 108, 110, 111, 113, 115, 431

Astor, William Waldorf 37

Attlee, Clement 286, 316, 324, 329, 330, 362, 365, 366, 370, 431

Austria, invasion of 262

Bailey, Abraham (‘Abe’) 70, 97, 114, 116, 124, 126, 191, 200, 220, 224

Baldwin, Stanley 3, 146, 157, 159, 160, 161, 162, 169, 171, 173, 180, 201, 209, 224, 235, 236, 239, 242, 247, 248, 255, 431

Balfour, Arthur J. 43, 74, 431

Balmoral 98

banks 79

Baring 94

Cox & Co. 40, 41, 77, 78, 95, 97, 99, 104, 105, 110, 111, 116, 117, 118, 121, 124, 127, 132, 136, 152, 153

Kleinwort 52

Lloyds Bank 9, 152, 153, 165, 168, 183, 200, 211, 221, 240, 247, 255, 256, 261, 340

National City Bank of New York 211

Schroder 52

Baring, Hugo 52

Baruch, Bernard 181, 182, 183, 191, 192, 193, 194, 197, 200, 209, 212, 213, 219, 224, 229, 237, 247, 248, 257, 261, 262, 348, 386

Beaverbrook, Lord 140, 141, 143, 160, 161, 239, 252, 266

Beckett, Ernest 69

Beit, Alfred 28–29, 30

Belgium, and Germany 152, 287

Beresford, William 41

Bernau, William 118, 121, 124, 125, 126, 131, 132, 134, 136, 145, 147, 153, 164, 173, 184, 196, 197, 206, 210, 221

Berry, Michael 356, 382

Berry, Williams (Lord Camrose) 180–1, 226, 266, 267, 286, 297, 308, 309, 312, 313, 314, 317, 320, 322, 326, 327, 329, 333–5, 336–7, 338, 339, 342, 343, 347, 350, 356, 360, 368, 369, 373, 375, 376, 378

Blackwood, William 225, 228

Blake, George 196, 197

Blenheim Palace and estate 12, 18–20, 26–7, 80, 94, 329

birth of Winston Churchill 24

marriage proposal, Winston and Clementine 87

Blood, Bindon 41, 42

Blunt, Wilfrid Scawen 86, 89, 92, 96, 117

Boer War 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 114

Bolshevism 120, 125, 202

Bonar Law, Andrew 115, 146

Boothby, Robert (‘Bob’) 172, 212, 350

Borthwick, Oliver 29

Brabazon, Colonel John 37, 68

Bracken, Brendan 9, 159, 160, 204–5, 207, 212, 222, 262, 263, 284, 285, 287, 291, 292, 295, 296, 306, 307, 311, 312, 318, 326, 329, 337, 344, 366, 367, 377, 378, 379, 388, 392

Bridgeman, William 151, 431

Bridges, Edward 318, 330

Brook, Norman 346, 371

Brown, Capability 20

Bulgaria, First World War 108

Buller, Redvers 59

Bullock, Alan 285, 432

Butterworth, Thornton 127, 128, 142, 150, 154, 161, 165, 171, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 186, 198, 199, 201, 205, 207, 254, 290, 291–2

Caird, James 95, 99, 100

Campbell-Bannerman, Henry 74, 75, 85, 432

Campbell, Beatrice (née Tanner) 101, 102

Camry, Gerald 294

Capell, Adele (née Grant) (countess of Essex) 140

Carlton Club 65, 72, 146

Carr, Emsley 239

Carson, Edward 100

Cassel, Ernest 32, 38, 52, 55, 58, 65, 66, 69, 70, 78, 79, 90, 97, 107, 110, 112, 124, 155, 156, 157

Cassell & Co. 215, 216, 218, 219, 226, 288, 289, 293, 297, 300–1, 302, 308, 310, 312, 322, 329, 339, 348–9, 352, 357, 363, 373, 377, 378, 381

Catto, Lord 320

Cazalet, Victor 153, 432

Chamberlain, Austen 129, 136, 176, 252, 253, 432

Chamberlain, Joseph 71, 77

Chamberlain, Neville 3, 60, 187, 252, 253, 255, 261, 267, 270, 271, 272, 276, 277, 281, 285, 287, 432

Chanel, Coco 173, 384

Chaplin, Charlie 190

charities 95, 128, 332, 379

Charles Scribner’s Sons 74, 128, 171, 179, 180, 202, 204

see also Scribner III, Charles

Chenery, William 181, 191, 199, 239, 334

Churchill v. Churchill 105

Churchill, Clarissa (neice) 292

Churchill, Clementine (née Hozier) (wife) 86, 92, 98, 143, 144, 172, 230, 233, 272, 379

Chartwell 137, 161, 168, 250, 258, 351, 406

children 119, 122, 140, 146, 211, 240, 341

birth of 92, 97, 108, 145

death of Marigold 138–9

trusts for 138, 166, 327–9, 337, 340, 351, 353, 361, 366, 369, 372, 397, 405

and Winston Churchill 86–87, 341, 405, 406

gambling worries 140, 143, 153, 158, 230, 273, 352, 357

the couple’s finances 3, 92, 104, 105, 107, 109, 110, 112, 113, 115, 117, 130, 131, 134, 141, 143, 158, 171–2, 186, 236, 240, 250, 255, 402

health 140, 184, 398, 401, 407

Lord Randolph’s will trust 89

marriage 89–90

marriage settlement 88, 89, 139

travels with 96, 104, 148, 209, 211, 217, 231, 326, 346, 381, 384–5, 393, 396

will 351

Churchill, Diana (daughter) 92, 122, 140, 220, 244, 401

Churchill, Gwendoline (‘Goonie’) (née Bertie) (sister-in-law) 83, 110, 112

Churchill, Henrietta (ancestor 1681–1733) 19

Churchill, Jennie (née Jerome) (mother)

childhood 11–12, 13, 14, 15

and Clementine Churchill 86, 87, 91

and George Cornwall-West 57, 63, 78, 79

separation from 101, 102

and Montagu Porch (3rd husband) 135

death 135

death of husband 34, 35

debts 62, 63, 103, 135

expenditure 23, 24, 37, 38, 40, 48, 50, 69, 84, 103, 112, 135

engagement to Randolph Churchill 12

financial reorganization 44–45, 103

income 22–3, 25, 26, 28, 36, 37, 50, 54, 101, 102, 103, 135

influence in society 44

insurance policies 101, 102

loans 25, 41, 45, 46, 54, 68, 71, 103

Lord Randolph’s will trust 85

marriage 21–23, 57, 63, 135

servants, Bessie 133

and Winston Churchill 24, 30, 31–2, 33, 37, 38, 40, 42, 43, 44, 75, 76, 79, 81, 101, 102

writing, plays 101

Churchill, John (1st duke of Marlborough) 16–18, 178, 234, 353

Churchill, John (‘Jack’) (brother) 25, 28, 33, 34, 68, 182, 185, 342

allowance 53, 55, 65, 103–4

career 52, 59, 83, 85, 119, 124, 141, 340

correspondence with Winston Churchill 82, 83–4

First World War 109, 114

and Lady Gwendoline 83, 84, 87, 88

Lord Randolph’s will trust 36, 46, 48, 84, 85, 103, 105, 109, 146

marriage 87, 88

and his mother, Jennie Churchill 71, 101, 102, 103–4

and his nephew, Randolph 208

and Winston Churchill’s finances 32, 78, 145, 146, 148, 151, 152, 157, 164, 168, 169, 199, 202, 206, 208, 213, 340–1

Churchill, John (nephew) 182, 185

Churchill, Marigold (daughter) 119, 138–9

Churchill, Mary (daughter) 1, 2, 145, 146, 153, 166, 172, 202, 240, 341, 351, 389, 406

Churchill, Lord Randolph (father, 8th duke of Marlborough)

Africa 28–30, 31, 35

borrowing 23, 25, 29, 33, 35, 63

death 34

education 12

gambling 24, 28, 30

health 26, 28, 32, 33, 34

income 12, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 33

inheritance 26

marriage 11–12, 21–3

politics 21, 25, 27, 33

stocks and shares 28–29, 30, 35

will 2, 35–6, 45, 48, 68, 83–4, 85

and Winston Churchill 31, 32, 33, 34

Churchill, Randolph (son) 97, 110, 122, 140, 172, 182, 185, 188, 227, 240, 241, 245, 300, 319, 329, 351, 361, 369, 385, 397

debts 207, 220, 275

gambling 208, 230, 231, 244, 268

Churchill, Sarah (daughter) 108, 145, 244–5, 248, 249, 326, 346, 361, 392, 401

Churchill, Winston (ancestor 1620–88) 16

Churchill, Winston

archives 1, 2

Boer War 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 362

Churchill’s capture and escape 59, 62

cars 98, 137, 138, 139, 148, 212

clubs 65, 67, 72, 73, 226, 265, 266, 271, 376

correspondence 1, 51, 53 , 54, 56

with Clementine 104, 105, 109, 110, 113, 131, 132, 137, 139, 140, 141, 143, 151, 157, 159, 160, 161, 171, 175, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 230, 233, 235, 241, 249, 250, 260, 272, 274, 365, 369

with his father 34

with Jack (brother) 49, 63, 82, 83, 84, 109, 114, 151, 152, 153, 167

with his mother 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47–8, 49, 50, 51, 54, 55, 61–62, 65–6, 68, 71, 78, 79, 81, 82–83, 101, 102

death 404

health 4, 71, 209–11, 217, 219, 306, 307, 352, 359, 372, 376–7, 392, 398, 400, 401, 402

military

4th Hussars 37, 38–9, 41

21st Lancers 53, 54

First World War 111–14

Grenadier Guards 113

leaving the 57

Queen’s Own Oxfordshire Hussars 111

Royal Military Academy 32–3

Royal Scots Fusiliers 113

South African Light Horse 59

money

allowance 32–4, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 63, 65, 66, 68, 103

bank accounts 31, 99, 100, 109, 114, 115, 142, 315, 349, 353, 357, 361, 373, 378, 379, 391

dollar bank account 211, 212, 213

overdrawn 183, 376

benefactors 1–2, 4, 9, 58, 64, 69, 72, 76, 112, 124, 194, 263–5, 378–9

Boer War, impact on finances 62

and Cornwallis-West, George 79, 101

debts 32, 49, 64, 78, 91, 104, 105, 118, 124, 136, 141, 180, 224, 237, 251, 262

clearing Bill Hozier’s debt 134

paying debts 1, 5, 40, 51, 67, 107, 116, 131, 143, 172, 229, 260, 284, 289

economy drives 167, 171, 221, 250, 251, 258, 260, 272, 375

expenditure, household 112, 124, 125, 134, 137, 142, 145, 206, 240, 250, 397

staff 76, 98, 99, 100, 133, 140, 148, 250, 258, 373, 389, 392

property 1, 9, 76, 91, 92, 117, 121, 321, 341, 349, 366–7

Chartwell 3, 145, 146, 150, 154, 155, 158–63, 165–8, 174, 199, 258

Chartwell farms 117, 341–2, 349, 351, 353, 361, 374–5, 389, 402

expenditure, personal 67, 69, 71, 77, 97, 180

art 110

books 76, 78

cigars 67, 91, 97, 108, 172, 250, 255, 320

cars 98, 137, 138, 139, 148

Clementine 92, 93, 250

clothing 67, 96, 97, 112

drinks, including wine and champagne 67, 91, 97, 105, 108, 112, 171, 240, 241, 250, 251, 258, 260, 284, 292–3, 320, 347, 357

food 112, 171

gambling 150, 153

losses 1, 3, 4, 140, 141, 143, 153, 158, 173, 207, 220, 230, 237, 244, 254, 300, 352, 353

gains 78, 153, 160, 273, 358

holidays 104, 140–1, 238, 345–7, 349

horses 97, 38–9, 67, 73, 357–8, 375, 382–3, 398–400

travel 81, 83, 95, 98, 133, 134

expenditure, work 73, 109, 94–5, 98

writing 214, 215, 218, 228, 244, 274, 284, 310, 366, 374, 388

**expenditure, yearly 140, 206–7, 220, 233, 260, 272, 320, 331, 371, 373, 375, 389, 392, 397

financial advisor see Cassel, Sir Ernest

fixer 9, 284

forecasts, financial 206, 229, 230, 233, 237, 256, 257, 260, 397

funerals 139

income from work

books 44, 51, 55, 61, 62, 63, 71, 73, 74, 75, 93, 127, 128, 108, 125, 145, 154, 161, 170–1, 173, 174, 175, 180–1, 183, 184, 185, 186, 197–8, 201, 209, 216, 219, 224, 226, 230, 243, 254, 259, 268, 276, 284, 288, 293, 301, 340, 352, 367, 368, 372, 389, 398

directorships 201, 259

films 5, 227, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235–6, 259, 268, 294, 306, 315, 321–2, 387, 391–2, 395, 397, 398, 400, 401

journalism 38, 42, 53, 54, 58, 63, 71, 81, 114, 116, 118, 130, 160, 164, 166, 181, 184, 186, 191, 196–7, 203, 207, 210, 215, 218, 223, 232, 234, 241, 242–3, 244, 245, 252, 253, 267, 275, 277, 282, 289–90, 293, 342

lecturing 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 181, 201, 203, 205, 211–12, 260, 269

lobbying 157, 159

salary

military 37, 40, 41, 100, 112, 113

political 77, 85–86, 96, 97, 100, 109, 112, 114, 116, 121, 164, 167, 180, 282, 288, 317, 371

speeches 184, 185, 191, 246, 259, 268, 275, 278, 302, 324–5, 327, 331, 334, 355, 394, 402

income from paintings 319, 331, 344–5, 354, 355, 360, 397, 402

income from property 81, 82, 109, 121, 122, 164, 232, 255, 341

inheritance 16–21, 30, 45, 51, 69, 105, 135, 139, 164, 165, 167, 168, 171

Garron Tower estate, Ireland 3, 80, 88, 91, 130, 131, 132, 134, 137, 163, 232, 255, 256–7, 258, 261, 351

Lord Randolph Churchill’s will trust 2, 35–6, 45, 46, 47, 48, 68, 83–4, 85, 103, 105, 115, 117, 122, 123, 125, 146, 147, 163, 220, 274

income, yearly 158, 220, 233, 272, 361

insurance 88, 89, 105, 107, 110, 111, 118, 125, 199, 205–6, 210, 261

interest 112, 114, 117, 138, 199, 262, 282, 288

investments 65, 77–8, 88, 109, 150, 151, 152, 184, 192, 219, 249, 324, 376, 401

bonds 142, 157, 212, 213, 324, 340, 344, 389

buying 75, 114, 117, 124, 134, 142, 186, 187, 189, 191, 192, 193, 197, 213, 219, 224, 324, 341, 344, 349, 361, 389

conflict with politics 129, 141

Garron Tower estate 132

losses on the stock market 197, 201, 205, 220, 229, 237, 257–8, 261, 350, 396–7

Wall Street Crash 192–6

selling 78, 91, 97, 118, 121, 146, 152, 164, 167, 191, 192, 213, 214, 221, 222, 224, 237, 238, 340, 396

underwriting 158

value of 65, 124, 125, 126, 141, 173, 190, 213, 223, 229, 262, 396

land ownership 3, 131

loans 31, 41, 42, 43, 51, 53, 55, 64, 65, 68, 69, 78, 91, 95, 97, 104, 105, 111, 112, 115, 116, 117, 118, 125, 131, 133, 136, 137, 139, 141, 145, 147, 163, 164, 168, 169, 171, 175, 197, 200, 201, 222, 261, 341, 373, 377, 382

repayment of 131, 143, 164, 206, 264, 294, 331, 374

marriage 88, 89

marriage settlement 118, 139, 145, 196

marriage settlement, daughters 220, 249

net worth 88, 95, 139, 331

Nobel Prize for Literature 377

overdrafts 9, 77, 78, 104, 109, 118, 121, 124, 131, 136, 148, 152, 164, 165, 167, 168, 174, 184, 197, 220, 224, 229, 231, 238, 249–50, 278, 284, 288, 361

overspending as a child 31

pension 17, 317

pocket money 28, 31

promissory notes 136

rescuers 263–5, 288

risk-taking 3–4

taxes 1, 9, 71, 76, 96, 116, 118, 138, 161, 165, 166, 168, 170, 175, 183, 184, 203, 216, 224, 247, 255, 256, 260, 261, 282, 284, 288, 289, 293–5, 298–302, 315, 317, 319, 321, 322–3, 325, 328, 358, 371, 375, 381, 395, 403, 406

Inland Revenue 116, 165, 169, 170, 203, 247, 301–2, 321, 345, 353–5, 361, 383, 385, 386, 406

Wall Street Crash 3, 192–5

personal life

birth and early years 24, 28, 30, 31, 32

children 145

allowances 138

Diana 92, 209

Marigold 119, 138–139

Randolph 97, 172, 182, 185, 188, 207–8, 210, 220, 229, 231, 240, 241, 244, 245, 268, 275, 300, 319, 329, 369, 385, 397

Sarah 108, 244–5, 248, 249, 326

trusts for 137, 138, 202, 220, 256, 324, 329, 340, 351, 353, 361, 366, 369, 372, 397, 405

Clementine (wife) 50, 86–87, 56, 68, 87, 88–90, 92, 96

death of mother 135, 136

father 31, 32, 33, 34, 35

fire, escaping from 87

holidays and visits 91, 102, 106, 231, 240, 241, 325, 358, 362, 365, 370, 381, 393, 396

Bahamas 211, 384

Canada 65, 182, 185, 186–7

eastern Africa 81, 82–83

Egypt 44, 50, 51, 53, 54, 69–70, 132

European tour 172–3

France 92, 98, 102, 113, 124, 125, 128, 140, 148, 150, 152, 153, 157, 158, 160, 173, 200, 205, 206, 207, 220, 229, 230, 237–8, 257, 260, 273, 349–51, 373, 383–4, 396

India 39, 41–49, 51, 55

Switzerland 72, 73

USA 62, 64, 181–95

New York 25, 26, 65, 182, 191, 192, 209, 328

residences

Blenheim Palace 24, 57, 72, 75, 87, 97, 260

Chartwell 137, 138, 143, 144, 146, 275, 282

conversion costs 3, 145, 146,148, 149, 150, 154, 155, 158–63, 165–8, 172, 174, 176, 177

sale of 202, 250, 255, 256, 257, 258, 262, 264, 320–1, 341, 406

Chequers 292–3

Hoe Farm 109

Ireland 25

Lullenden Manor 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 121, 137

London 24, 25, 26, 54, 57, 72, 123

2 Sussex Square 123, 125, 142, 148, 164

12 Bolton Street 75, 76, 88, 91

33 Eccleston Square 92, 109, 116

41 Cromwell Road 109, 112

105 Mount Street 64, 76, 82, 92

Admiralty House 98–9, 100, 105, 108, 282

Charles Street 24, 25

Claridge’s hotel 317

Dean Trench Street 121

Downing Street 164, 168, 290, 370

Hotel Metropole 116

Morpeth Mansions 220, 249, 258, 262, 281, 282

Ritz hotel 151

Norfolk 105

St Albans 72

Sandhurst 32

politics

1900–8 63, 70, 71, 72, 75, 77, 81, 85–6

defection from Conservative Party 2, 63, 64, 65, 70, 71, 108

‘Hooligans’, the 70

as MP, Oldham 63, 64, 65, 70

as president of the Board of Trade 85

promotion to cabinet 85

1909–18 3, 93, 94–5, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 110, 111, 115, 116

as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 108, 109

Churchill farmland controversy 117

Dardanelles Campaign 106, 107, 108

as First Lord of the Admiralty 98, 100, 102, 108

as home secretary 96

as minister of munitions 116

opposition from Conservatives 108, 111

resignation from the Liberal Party 111

1918–22 121, 122, 124, 125, 128, 139, 141, 144, 145, 146, 147

Colonial Office 129, 137, 144

as secretary of state for war and air 121

1923–9 159, 160, 163, 173, 176, 177

as Chancellor of the Exchequer 163, 164, 165, 166, 173, 176

return to Conservative Party 3, 160, 163

1930–48 3–4, 202, 203, 209, 227–8, 235, 236, 240–1, 242, 245, 248, 259, 262, 263, 265, 273, 283

disarmament, campaign against 232, 248, 256

invasion of Czechoslovakia 266, 270, 271, 276

Edward VIII 247–8

as First Lord of the Admiralty 281–2, 285

Germany, Nazi Socialism 202, 217, 232, 260

Indian independence 202, 203, 209

military response, British 277

as prime minister and minister of defence 9, 286–7, 289, 292, 293, 296, 297, 298, 316, 320

1949–55 359, 362, 365, 366, 376, 383

as prime minister 370, 371, 372, 377

resignation 379–80

ambitions 52, 70

books, influence on politics 81

campaigns 70, 278

clashing with financial interests 128, 129, 141, 151, 165, 169, 170, 176, 236, 329–30

democracy 70, 364

donations 95, 99

elections 146, 147, 159, 160, 161, 163, 180, 359

financial influence 2, 3, 4

imperialism 70

and Labour Party 116

lobbying, oil 157, 159

press, ridicule in 98, 113

speeches 232, 248, 256, 262, 276, 277, 302, 304–5, 328

starting out 2, 55, 57, 62

trade reform and free trade 70, 71, 95, 159, 160

welfare state 81, 93, 94, 316

sports and hobbies 72, 261

bridge 72

horse-racing 41, 357–8, 375, 382–3, 398–400

hunting 67, 83, 96, 173

paintings 110, 130, 172, 206, 237, 238, 239, 241, 279, 319, 344, 347, 354, 355, 360, 384, 405

polo 38–9, 55, 56, 67, 73, 77, 142

walking 72

will 53, 351, 372, 378, 405

writing 169, 176, 178, 197–9

books 3, 39, 43–4, 51, 55, 56, 58, 62, 63, 75, 180–1, 297, 302

A History of the English-Speaking Peoples 215–16, 217, 218–19, 228, 243, 251, 255, 269–70, 272, 273, 275, 276, 277, 278–9, 283–5, 288, 303, 314, 322, 377, 381, 388

After Armageddon 268, 303, 305, 308, 310, 385

American Impressions 214

Arms and the Covenant 268

Great Contemporaries 201, 207, 214, 254, 255, 259

Ian Hamilton’s March 64

Into Battle 293, 300

Liberalism and the Social Problem 93

London to Ladysmith via Pretoria 58, 61, 62

Lord Randolph Churchill 69, 72, 73, 74, 75

Marlborough: His Life and Times 178, 180, 183, 184, 197–8, 199, 202, 204, 205, 207, 216, 217, 223, 224, 226, 228, 230, 231, 234, 241, 243, 251, 254, 256, 260, 268, 276

My Early Life 161, 177, 198, 199, 201, 282, 290, 294, 301

Savrola 55, 58, 61, 350

Step by Step 276

The Aftermath 174, 175, 176, 177, 185, 186

The Eastern Front 198, 199, 202, 204, 205, 208–9

The Malakand Field Force 108

The River War 55, 56, 58, 322

The Second World War (war memoirs) 303, 306, 308–10, 312–14, 317–18, 319, 323–4, 325, 326–31, 333–40, 342–4, 345–9, 352, 353, 354, 356–7, 358–9, 360, 362, 363–4, 365–6, 367–70, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 389, 394

The World Crisis 126, 127, 128, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148, 150, 151, 154, 157, 158, 161, 165, 168, 170, 172, 173, 183, 185, 198, 199, 203, 223

Thoughts and Adventures 207, 214, 217

clashing with political work 151, 165, 169, 170, 176, 307, 329–30

copyright 289, 291, 296, 302, 308, 327, 336, 353, 398

film and television rights 306, 307, 308, 312, 314–15, 320, 321, 331, 350, 387–8, 394, 395, 402

ghostwriters

Edward Marsh 214, 215, 217, 218, 228

Diston, Adam Marshall 225, 228, 230, 231, 239, 242, 259

journalism 3, 38, 42, 53, 54, 59, 60, 63, 81, 114, 116, 130, 131, 160, 166, 175, 177, 182, 185, 191, 194, 199, 200, 202, 203, 204, 210, 211, 214, 215, 217–18, 223, 225, 226, 234, 241, 252–3, 266, 267, 279, 282, 335, 337, 342

Nobel Prize for Literature 377

Churchill, Winston (grandson) 329, 351, 408, 409, 410

Cockran, Bourke 37, 38

Cold War 348, 372

Colonna, Vittoria 135

Colville, Jock 287, 372, 376, 406, 407, 408, 409

communism 120

Conservative Party 7, 25, 65, 71, 206

budgets 166–7, 173

Churchill, Lord Randolph 25, 27

and complaints about corruption by Liberals 100

elections 146, 163, 180, 209, 239, 316, 362, 370

First World War 108, 115

‘Hooligans’, the 70

rejoining the gold standard 166–7

tariff reform 70, 71, 74, 159, 160

Consols 94, 107

Conway, Martin 149

Cornwallis-West, George 57–8, 63, 67, 68–9, 78–9, 85, 101, 102

Cowdray, Lord 187

Cox, A. C. 121

Cox, Reginald 104, 105, 118–19, 126, 136

Cripps, Stafford 298, 359, 366

Crocker, William H. 188

Cudlipp, Percy 234, 242, 245

Curtis Brown, Albert 126, 127, 128, 143, 150, 161, 171, 174, 177, 181, 182, 184, 185, 190, 204, 205, 215, 219, 227, 242, 245, 253, 271, 314

Curzon, George 84, 131, 432

Czechoslovakia 260, 262, 265, 270, 348

Dalton, Hugh 326

Davies, Percy 259

de Rothschild, Ferdinand 21

Deakin, William (‘Bill’) 244, 274, 279, 283, 285, 328, 343, 346, 347, 352, 362, 366, 367

death duty 93, 94

Del Giudice, Filippo 306

Diplock, Kenneth 308

Disraeli, Benjamin 21, 25

Diston, Adam Marshall 225, 228, 230, 231, 239, 242, 259

Douglas, Lord Alfred 155, 156

Duis, George 211, 212

Duram & Co. 128

Eade, Charles 297, 302

Earle, Lionel 87

Eden, Anthony 241, 261, 271, 272, 376, 432

Edmonds, James 176, 433

Edward VIII, King 21, 25, 32, 37, 246–8

Egypt 125, 141, 373

Winston Churchill visits 44, 50, 51, 53, 54, 69–70, 132

Eisenhower, Dwight 374, 395, 433

elections, general 94, 146, 159, 160, 163, 207–9, 239, 362, 370

Elizabeth II, Queen 379–80

Elgin, 9th Earl of 43, 75, 81, 83, 433

Elliott, Maxine 97, 109, 230, 238, 244, 260, 273

English Civil War 16

entrepreneurs 2, 11

**Eyre & Spottiswoode 204, 219, 290, 291

family fortune, Churchill 16–19, 22

Feiling, Keith 214, 228, 243

Field III, Marshall 324, 328, 335

Fillmore, President 13

film industry 189, 190, 227, 231, 232–4, 235–6, 259, 268, 306, 394, 400, 401

First World War 3, 106–19

Archduke Ferdinand’s assassination 105, 106

army 108, 121

Dardanelles Commission 115, 116

Dardanelles Committee 108, 109, 111

declaration of war 107

demobilization 121

financial impact of 106, 107, 119, 120, 141

navy 106–7, 183

Treaty of Versailles 124

Fisher, John ‘Jackie’ 108, 113, 433

Fladgate & Co. 105

Flower, Desmond 270, 283, 284, 285

Flower, Newman 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 228, 243, 251, 255, 269–70, 279, 288, 289, 308, 309, 311, 312–13, 322, 329, 363

FOCUS in Defence of Freedom and Peace 246, 247, 248, 271

Foster, Frederick 123

France, conflict 98, 152, 287, 288, 310, 311

Frank, Howard 162, 202

free trade 70, 71, 95, 159, 160

French, John 113, 433

Frewen, Moreton (uncle) 54

Fripp, Alfred 156

Garvin, J. L. 159

Geddes, W. D. 156

General Strike 168, 173

George V, King 97, 231, 241

George VI, King 248, 249, 287, 292, 372

Germany 98, 100, 152, 260

First World War and aftermath 107, 108, 124

Munich Agreement 273–4

Nazi Party 202, 217, 232, 260

rearmament 232, 248, 256, 276

Second World War 287, 296, 302, 311, 318

see also Adolf Hitler

Gladstone, William 25, 27

Glyn, Elinor 131

Graebner, Walter 319, 325, 336, 342, 343, 345, 346, 347, 349, 352, 355, 366, 377

Graham-Dixon, Charles 299, 323, 325, 327, 360, 385, 386

Greenslet, Ferris 178

Greenwood, Arthur 286, 434

Gregg, Cornelius 301

Grenfell, Cecil 78, 97

Greville, Frances (‘Daisy’) (countess of Warwick) 57

Grey, Edward 109

Grigg, Percy (‘P.J.’) 203, 434

Grosvenor, Hugh (‘Bendor’) (2nd duke of Westminster) 60, 79, 102, 119, 138, 157, 173, 205, 220, 438

Grosvenor, Loelia (duchess of Westminster) 120, 133

Grunebaum & Sons, J. 91

Guest, Cornelia, (née Spencer-Churchill) (aunt) 31, 72, 139

Guest, Freddie (cousin) 111, 118, 119, 132, 183, 200, 256

Guest, Ivor (cousin) 78

Haig, Douglas 113, 434

Hall sisters (maternal grandmother and great aunt) 12

Hamblin, Grace 225–6, 229, 269

Hamilton, Ian 61, 121, 122

Hamilton, Jean 121, 122

Harmsworth, Alfred (Lord Northcliffe) 57, 70, 74, 100, 114

Harmsworth, Esmond 207, 212, 215

Harmsworth, Harold (Lord Rothermere) 161, 241, 272

Harrap & Co., G. 178, 179, 289, 303, 304, 305, 308, 310, 311, 312

Harrap, George 178, 184, 197–8, 202, 207, 217, 226, 231, 239, 243, 254, 260, 268, 270

Harrap, George (junior) 276, 289

Harriman, W. Averell 194

Harris, Frank 73, 74, 82, 126

Harris, T. E. B. 306, 324, 340

Hearst, William 175, 181, 182, 188, 190, 204, 242

Heinemann, William 398

Henderson, Charles 305, 309, 313, 314

Hill, Kathleen 256, 269, 282, 284, 287, 292, 301, 302, 303, 306, 308, 311, 314, 326

Hitler, Adolf 202, 217, 223, 235, 242, 260, 262, 270, 271, 275, 276, 318

Hodder & Stoughton 178

Hodge, Alan 378

Hogg, Douglas 156

Holland, Second World War 287

Home, Robert 136

Home Rule for Ireland and Scotland 99

honours list 142, 143

Hore-Belisha, Leslie 238

Houghton Mifflin 178, 291, 338, 339, 340, 343, 346, 348, 350, 352, 356–7, 363, 398

Howe, Richard Curzon 69

Hozier, Bill (brother-in-law) 86, 134

Hozier, Blanche (née Ogilvy) (mother-in-law) 86, 88, 140

Hozier, Henry (father-in-law) 86

Hozier, Kitty (sister-in-law) 86

Hozier, Nellie (sister-in-law) 86, 87

Humbert, Mr 88, 89

Hutton, E. F. 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, 194

India, independence 202, 235

Inskip, Thomas 242, 434

insurance companies 52

Commercial Union 197, 201, 262

Excess Insurance Company 205, 206

Legal & General 103

Norwich Union 41, 45, 53, 65, 69, 71, 85, 117

Phoenix Assurance 111

Iraq 129, 131, 139

Ireland 25, 106, 125, 139, 140, 141

Irish Nationalists 96, 97

Isle of Wight 11, 15, 21

Ismay, Hastings (‘Pug’) 343, 434

Jacob, Ian 287

James II, King 16

Japan, Second World War 256, 297, 298, 299

Jelke, Frazier 222

Jennings, Sarah (ancestor 1660–1744, 1st duchess of Marlborough) 16, 17, 18, 19

Jerome, Addison (maternal great uncle) 13

Jerome, Clara (maternal grandmother) 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 27

Jerome, Clarita (maternal aunt) 11

Jerome, Hiram K. (maternal great-great uncle) 12

Jerome, Isaac (maternal great-grandfather) 12

Jerome, Lawrence (maternal great uncle) 12, 13

Jerome, Leonard (maternal grandfather) 12–13

allowance to his daughter Jennie (Winston’s mother) 22–23, 25, 26

American Civil War 14

and the Churchill family 21, 22–23, 25

consulship 13

death 27

debts 27

family trust 45, 135, 136

income 12, 13, 15

losses 14–15

stocks and shares 13, 14, 15

Travers Jerome 13

Jerome, Timothy (maternal ancestor) 12

John Leaning & Sons 162

Judd, Walter 344

Kelly, Denis 343, 388, 394, 435

Kennedy, John (‘Jack’) 435

Keynes, J. M. 167

King, Cecil 277

Kitchener, General Horatio 44, 53, 60, 111, 268, 435

Knight Frank & Rutley 143, 144, 160, 202, 250, 341

Korda, Alexander 227, 231, 232–3, 234, 294, 306, 307–8, 310, 312, 314, 321, 350, 386, 387

Korean War 363

labour exchanges 93

Labour Party 96, 97, 115, 147, 159, 160, 163, 285, 320, 344, 359, 366

elections 180, 209, 251, 316, 370

Landau, Jacob 247

Laughlin, Henry 338, 369, 374

Lawrence, T. E. 148

Leathers, Frederick 251, 435

Le Vien, Jack 394, 395, 396, 400, 401, 402

Leeper, Rex 245

Leiter, Mary 131

Leslie, Leonie (née Jerome) (maternal aunt) 11, 13, 51, 64, 77

Liberal Party 25, 27, 74, 81, 159, 163

elections 96, 97, 146, 147, 180, 239, 362, 370

First World War 108, 115

foreign policy 125

ideals 70, 81

Ireland 106, 125

Marconi share scandal 99, 100

policies 70, 77, 93, 94, 95

and Winston Churchill 2, 3, 71, 75, 77, 81, 94, 95

Lindemann, Frederick (Lord Cherwell) 216, 329, 337

Lloyd George, David 93, 96, 100, 102, 435, 106, 111, 115, 116, 124, 128, 129, 136, 140, 142, 146, 149, 184, 200, 236, 241

Lockhart, William 49

Long, Ray 174, 175

Longman, Thomas 43, 51, 53, 55, 58, 61, 62, 63, 72, 74, 178

Longwell, Daniel 319, 334, 336, 338–9, 342, 343, 349, 350, 352, 353, 355, 356, 362, 366, 367, 368, 370, 373

Lord Randolph Churchill’s will trust 2, 35–36, 45, 48, 68, 83–84, 85, 89, 103, 105

Luce, Henry 325, 326, 327, 335–7, 342, 349–50, 353, 355, 356, 382

Lumley, Theodore 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 52, 69, 75, 84, 103, 104

Lytton, 2nd Earl of 436

Lytton, Pamela (née Plowden) 39, 56, 62, 65, 68, 77

Mackay, James (Lord Inchcape) 183, 201

MacDonald, Ramsay 160, 163, 180, 206, 209, 235, 436

Macmillan & Co. 296, 301, 302, 303, 309, 310, 311

Macmillan, Frederick 73, 74, 75, 436

Macmillan, Harold 173, 271, 277, 318, 383, 436

Mallet, Mouis 149

Manhattan Club 135, 136

Manisty, Edward 85

Marconi share scandal 99, 100

Margesson, David 286, 436

Marlborough, dukedom and fortune 17–20

Mary II, Queen 16, 17

Marsh, Edward (‘Eddie’) 77, 78, 81, 83, 87, 110, 111, 117, 118, 119

writing and editorial for Churchill 214, 215, 217, 218, 228, 274, 277, 282, 343

Mason, Geoffrey 255, 289, 290, 298, 300, 302, 313, 322

Master of Elibank 99, 100

Masterton-Smith, James 110

Maze, Paul 279, 436

McClure, Samuel 182

McGowan, Harry 186, 193

Mellon, Richard 182

Middle East 129, 132, 137, 139

mining 77, 93, 96, 114, 117, 126, 129

Mitford, Bertie (Lord Redesdale) 86

Moir, Anthony 299–300, 301, 323, 325, 328, 349, 353–4, 360, 361, 372, 377–8, 381–2, 385, 387, 388, 397, 403, 404, 405

Monckton, Walter 304, 436

Montague Browne, Anthony 383, 387, 388, 394, 395, 398, 400, 401, 402, 403, 405

Morocco, Agadir 98

Morton, Desmond 232

Mussolini, Benito 184, 238, 261, 277

National Trust 321, 329, 341, 406

Nelke, Paul 107, 185

Nelke Phillips 83, 85, 119, 185

Newnes, George 268, 303

newspaper stories

Marconi scandal 100

Nicholl, Manisty & Co. 84, 85, 88, 89, 91, 118, 122, 123, 125, 268, 299, 304, 309, 310, 313, 320, 351

Nonweiler, Eric 165, 166

Northcliffe, Lord 100, 114

oil 157, 159, 186, 187, 189

Oldhams Press 290, 354

O’Malley, Owen 176

Onassis, Aristotle 385, 393, 396

Oxford 18

Pakenham-Walsh, Ridley 216, 437

Palestine 128, 137

parents

expenditure 24, 27–28

friends of 2, 28, 29, 70

family life 24, 25

first meeting 11

income 24, 30

marriage 21–23

see also Churchill, Lord Randolph (father); Churchill, Jennie (mother)

Paris 15

home 25

Imperial Court 13

Payne, Randolph 105

Pearman, Violet 225, 226, 241, 250, 268, 290

Pearn, Nancy 215, 216, 327

Peat, Harold 260, 269

Peel, Sidney 87

Penman, Mary 273

pensions 93

Persia, Shah of 143

philanthropists 95

plutocrats 2, 70

Poland 125, 276, 280

police 96

Pond, J. B. 65

Porch, Montagu 135

Pownall, Henry 343, 362

prisons 96, 97

railways

Churchill’s travel on 83, 95, 116, 139, 182, 183, 184, 185, 188, 350

accidents 130

strikes 96, 168

Ramsden, Caryl

Randolph Payne & Sons 91, 108

Rawlinson, Henry 126, 437

Reprint Society 292

Revelstoke, Lord 94

Revesz, Dr Imre (Emery Reves) 252, 267, 274–5, 277–8, 282, 291, 317, 325, 326–7, 328, 333–5, 337–8, 339, 340, 348, 350, 352, 357, 359, 362, 363, 365, 371, 382, 384, 387, 389, 396

Reynaud, Paul 287

Reynolds, Paul 181

Richardson, James 185–6, 187

Riddell, George 149, 197, 215, 218, 223, 230

Roberts, Frederick 60

Robinson, Joseph 126

Rochester Daily American 12

Romania 108

Roosevelt, Franklin 221, 222, 297, 302, 325, 437

Rothschild, Alfred 38, 70

Rothschild, Nathaniel (‘Natty’) 28, 30, 35, 38, 58, 70, 93, 106, 437

Russia 120, 122, 124, 125, 128

Second World War 302

St Helier, Lady 50, 53, 87

Salisbury, Marquess of 27, 53, 437

Salisbury Hall 86, 87

Sassoon, Philip 149, 437

Schultz, Fred A. 187

Schwab, Charles 183, 185

Scribner III, Charles 161, 179, 184, 198, 204, 207, 215, 226, 243

Scrivier, Bob 82

Scrymgeour-Wedderburn, James (earl of Dundee) 177

Second World War 4–5, 9, 281–315

pre-war tensions 226–7, 238, 256, 260, 262, 265, 270–1, 276, 277, 279, 280

repercussions 348

and Winston Churchill’s strategy 195

servants 67, 68, 76, 98, 99, 100, 130, 133, 140, 250, 258

Bessie 133

Blenheim Palace 20

Charles Street 24

Everest, Mrs (nanny) 31

Scriving 82

cost of, general 120

Simpson, Wallace 246–8

Sinclair, Archibald 109, 111, 113, 115

Smith, Frederick (‘F. E.’) 100, 169, 226, 438

Smoot-Hawley Tariff bill 192

Soames, Christopher (son-in-law) 341, 357, 358, 369, 375, 389, 399, 400, 402

Southwood, Lord 290, 291, 319

Spears (ne Spiers), Edward 279, 438

Spencer, Charles (3rd duke of Marlborough) 19

Spencer, George (4th duke of Marlborough) 19–20

Spencer-Churchill, Charles (cousin, 9th duke of Marlborough) 53, 60, 64, 69, 75, 80, 84, 145, 146, 228–9

Spencer-Churchill, Frances (née Vane) (paternal grandmother) 30, 54, 68, 84

Spencer-Churchill, George (5th duke of Marlborough) 20

Spencer-Churchill, George (6th duke of Marlborough) 20

Spencer-Churchill, George (uncle, 8th duke of Marlborough) 26, 27

Spencer-Churchill, John W. (grandfather, 7th duke of Marlborough) 20, 21, 26

as Queen Victoria’s viceroy 25

Spencer-Churchill, Lily (née Hammersley) (aunt) 27, 31, 37, 41

Spencer, Johnny (ancestor 1708–46) 19

spending cuts, government 173, 176, 206

Spier, Eugen 246

Stalin 312, 375

Steed, H. Wickham 127

stock markets 71, 106, 107, 119, 125, 205, 221, 223, 390

London 52, 82, 94, 106, 107, 120, 121, 271

possible manipulation of 155

Wall Street 82, 189, 191, 192–3, 217, 221, 257, 262

Strakosch, Henry 9 159, 235, 262–5, 275, 288, 310

strikes 96, 168, 173, 373

Sturdee, Jo 357

Swift, Jonathan 18

tariff reform 70, 71, 74, 159, 160

taxes 93, 94, 96, 120, 167, 173, 206

Taylor & Humbert 88, 89

Thomas, Cecil 277, 278

Thomas Nelson & Sons 108

Thompson, Reginald 266

Thornley, Mrs 76

Tilden, Philip 149, 150, 154, 160, 161–2, 166, 168, 174

TIME-LIFE magazine 319, 324–5, 326, 327, 334, 335–6, 338, 340, 342, 343, 345, 346, 351, 352, 355, 362, 363, 365, 367, 368, 370, 382, 385, 404

trade unions 206

Truman, Harry 325, 328, 342, 438

Turkey 108, 144

Twain, Mark 65

Tweedmouth, Lord (Edward Marjoribanks) (uncle) 85

Two Cities 306

unemployment 93, 159, 167

Unionists 7

USA 62, 64, 181–95

New York 13, 25, 26, 65, 182, 191, 192, 209, 328

Churchill, Lord and Lady Randolph (parents) 12, 25, 26

Jerome, Leonard (maternal grandfather) 13, 14, 15, 22, 25

Second World War 293, 302, 310

Van Antwerp, William 182, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192

Vanderbilt, Consuelo 64, 80

Vane, Frances (paternal great-grandmother) 80

Vane-Tempest, Herbert 80

Vane-Tempest-Steward, Charles 132

Vickers, Cecil 185, 191, 197, 199, 200, 201, 202, 212, 213, 214, 217, 222, 223, 237

Vickers da Costa 124, 141, 142, 157, 184, 185, 186, 197, 202, 205, 208, 213, 214, 221, 222, 223, 237, 258, 261, 262, 263, 264, 341, 350

Villiers, Barbara 16

Violon, Émile 67

Waddington, John 256

Wallace, William 150

Warrender, Hugh 37

War of the Spanish Succession 17, 18

Watt, A. P. 43, 55, 58, 61, 81, 177, 178

Waugh, Evelyn 300

Webb, Beatrice 89, 93

Webb, Sidney 93

welfare state 81, 93, 94

Wellesley, Gerald 123, 124

Wells, H. G. 81, 260

Wheater, Cornwallis-West & Co. 79, 85

Whiteknights estate 20

White Russian movement 122, 124

wife see Hozier, Clementine

William III, King 16, 17

Williams, Stanley 221, 229, 238, 240

Wilson, Colonel Gordon 81

Winant, Roger 232

Wodehouse, H. 101, 105

Wood, Charles 243, 370, 375, 383, 386

Wood, Edward (Lord Irwin, Lord Halifax) 203, 260, 270, 272, 281, 286, 438

Wood, Evelyn 50

Wood, James 250, 372

Wood, Kingsley 294

Wood, Willey & Co. 250

Woodstock 18, 22

Young, George 274