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A" •• • • 'MO

A n Texas annexation, 377 ;

;ndary, 438

A ;n on. 447

A lure, and Charleston post-

A societies, 312: in South. 290

;\ •-, 296; Southern attitude

lov.arU. 293, 405; Jackson denounces. 309; petition of. 310; Calhoun on, 453

Adams, Charles Francis. 372

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141 ; on Mis"*r"!'^i ,,.,^.f,,.f. i ;, „.

Calhoun in I'l iilfn. 14V ;

on Calhoun-( k's 150;

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C.ilh(iun's remarks n of.

160; Randolph's oi-i Cal-

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1*>5 : aligns nelf wtfh j -;; on

i' :';.)un. 25V ., J'J, Slavery

Id break I .. :::c>s of the . . rii Delegates in Congress to Their Constituents, 475

Alamo. 357

AlUton. W.: • 225

Alston, Jo ' '

Alpha Ch.i; Beta Kappa), Yale

College. 24

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399 ; railroads in. 399; pioneer movement. 399; foreign opinion of. 399-

400 ; dcmocr.icy and aristocracy in. 400 ; money in. 400^-401. 403; boss rule in. 403 ; corrupt jmlitics, 403 ; Calhoun on, 407; and West. 407

American imprrialism. 448—449

.■lnu-rtrat\ A'.-futr. 417

American Kcvolution. 3

Anderson County (S. C). 178

Anglo-American unity. 99-100

Anti-Masonic I'arty. 2M

Anti-slave trade laws. 3i3

Aristocracy. 203. 400. 401 ; in North. 401 ;

Southern. 405 Army. Calhoun as Secretary of War builds

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129 Army Volunteer Bill. 79 Assassination, of Jackson, attempted, 270 Athletics, and education, 15 Austin, Stephen, 356

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Uancroft. George, on Jackson's receptions, 271

Bank of the United States. 260-267. 326-329 ; Webster on, 265 ; as source of disunion. 331

Barbour. James. 145. 154

Barbour, Philip P., 145

Bates. Mary, 382

Bath. Calhouns at. 65

Battle of New Orleans. 99

Battle of Tippecanoe, 73

Bayard. J. A., 78

Bell. Senator. 484

Benton. Thomas Hart, 82, 161. 217. 277. 441; accuses Calhoun of lying, 278; and Clay. 459-460

Berlin Decree. 85

Bibb. William Wyatt, 69

Bigelow. Abijah, 71

Biddle, Nicholas. 145, 260, 345; and Panic of 1837, 32b-329. Sec also Bank of United States

Black Act (Conn.), 299

BlcKxly Bill. 254

•BUxKiy Monday.' 297

Blue laws, in Connecticut, 37 ; observance of Sunday, 39

BlutTt»»n mo\ement. 475

Boarding houses, in Washington, 87. See also Hill's boarding house

Bonneau's Ferry, 56, 58

Bonus Bill, 116

B(K)th. Junius. 242

Boss rule, 403

Boston, Calhoun visits, 139; indignant at Clay-Calhoun Compromise, 255 ; in Panic of 1833. 262: and Calhoun for President (1844). 351

Boston Courier, on Clay-Calhoun Compromise. 255

Boston Sfessengcr, quoted, 86

Boston Post. 500

Bowie. Chancellor, 34

Brady, Matthew, 479

lirenicr. Fredericka. 423

Br(n)ks vs. Kemp, 34

Brothers in Unity Literary Society, 25-26

Brown, General Jacob, Calhoun's relations with. 120-121

Rrownson, Orestes, 304, 464

Buchanan, James, 267. 422 ; succeeds Calhoun as Secretary of Statf;, 381

Burr, Aaron. 38

Burt. Amelia, 485

Burt, Armistend. 419. 483

Butler, Alexander. 512

Butler. Andrew. 185, 471

Butler, C. M., Calhoun refuses to see, 508

Caldwell. Major John. 3, 9

Caldwell. Martha. Sec Calhoun, Martha

Caldwell Calhoun. Andrew Pickens (son), 101, 219,

443; at Yale. 218-219; married, 351;

father's favorite son, 373

583

bs^

INDEX

Calhoun, Anna Maria (daughter), 173, 219, 275, 373-37A, 391-392. 446, 481; Calhoun's concern for, 219-221 ; in Washington, 282 ; marriage of, 283 ; illness of, 342; returns to America, 478—479; on father's death. 512

Calhoun. Catherine (sister), marries Moses Waddel, 3 ; death of. 6

Calhoun, Cornelia (daughter), 219; father's concern for, 219

Calhoun. Klizaheth ( daughter). 1 34-135, 219

Calhoun, Floride (daughter), 101, 102, 219

Calhoun. Floride Colhoun (wife), 101, 316—325. 507 ; Calhoim's absence from, 89 ; as Mrs. Secretary of War. 133-135 ; at Dumbarton Oaks. 136; and Calhoun's defeat for Presitlency. 156; religion of, 178; in \\^1shington society, 193; snubs Peggy O'Xeil. 198-199, 323; orders her butler to 'show to the door' President Jackson, 200; care for slaves, 289-291 ; at Fort Hill. 316, 321; affection for Calhoun, 316; loneliness, 317, 318; children. 219, 317. 318. 325; life in W.ishington, 318; jealous of Calhoun's work. 319. 321; fits of temper. 320; industry of. 321 ; gardens. 332; illnesses of, 322 ; Calhoun's love for. 324 ; happy marriage. 325 ; improvements to Fort Hill. 389. See also Colhoun. Floride

Calhoun. James Edward (son), 219, 374-375; 392

Calhoun, Dr. John, 40

Calhoun. John B. (son), 219, 505; ill health of. 374

Calhoun. John C, home life. 1. 2. 8; and religion, 1, 22. 27. 40. 44. 178. 287, 390. 396-397, 508-509; father. 3-6, 7-8; mother, 4, 11-13, 16; education. 5. 6, 13. 15, 16-31, 36-39; and father's prejudices. 5 ; and Jetfersonian doctrine. 6; family deaths, 6-7. 16; manages family estate. 9-11 ; at Yale. 13, 14, 16-31; athletic interests, 15; brilliant student, 19, 29; elected to Phi Beta Kappa. 24 ; and Sarah Sherman. 26-27; theory of government. 29 ; health of. 32, 50, 132-133. 240, 379. 416, 418, 446. 474. 477-478. 480. 485-486. 487-4S8. 497, 498. 499. 501. 502. 503; at Newport, 32—34, 42; relationship with Colhouns. 34 ; at Litchfield Law School, 34. 36-39. 42-43 ; practices law. 34, 46. 47, 48-49; visits JefTerson, 35-36; at Charleston, 43—45 : beginnings of public life. 46-56 ; and Chesapeake-Leopard atTair. 46—47 ; elected to legislature, 47 ; and Xancy Hanks. 49-52 ; gaps in correspondence, 51. 63; in South Carolina legislature, 52-54 ; on national policy, 54 ; courtship and marriage, 57-66 ; elected to Congress. 62 ; letters to Floride, 63 ; financial troubles, 66. 137. 173, 180; and Congressional policv. 68—69; as War Hawk. 69. 81. 86 ; and'Clay, 70 ; start of national political career, 70; heads House Committee on Foreign Relations. 72; and John Randolph, 74; first major Congressional address, 76-

78; children, 78, 89-90, 102, 134-135, 137; Washington friends, 88. 135, 278; and William Lowndes, 88-89; on repealing Embargo Act. 90-91 ; on currency problems. 94—96 ; blamed for lack of war etTort, 96; on conscription, 97, 110; on New England's threat of secession, 97 ; Loan Bill speech, 98 ; death of daughters, 102, 134-135; nationalist-sectionalist. 104, 115. 116; and Dolly Madison, 105; in Washington (1815), 106; (1834). 273-27A; (1837), 335-338; (1846), 420-421, 424; (1849), 483—485; nation-wide fame, 107-109; and 1815 session of Congress, 109, 110; on national defense. 110; on Second United States Bank, 111-112; and a protective tariff. 112-114; concept of broadening Union, 114; idea of liberty, 115: and slavery. 115; 454. 469-470; and bill to raise pay for Congressmen, 117; re-elected (1816), 118; and Gros-venor, 119; as Secretary of War, 119, 120-135; moves family to Washington, 120; policy for W.ir Dei)artment. 121, 128; charm and diplomacy of, 121-122; and General Parker. 122-123; and General Andrew Jackson, 123-124; adviser to Monroe. 126; influence of. on Monroe Doctrine. 127; and foreign policy, 127; on reduction of Army, 129; at Dumbarton Oaks, 136-159; and Presidential nomination (1824), 138; (1828), 191 ; tours military installations. 138-139 ; and campaign for the Presidency (1824), 139-156; and Missouri ciuestion, 146; and Washington Republican, 149; Crawford's attacks on. 149-150. 150-151; favored for President by Monroe, 151-152; as Vice-President. 160-171; on Adams's administration. 160; opposition of Senate to, 163 ; antagonistic to Adams. 164; integrity questioned. 165; Randolph's influence on, 166; and tariff questions, 167. 171. 182. 230-231 ; on sectionalism, 168; on Southern economy, 170, 329-334, 417; at Pendleton (S. C). 172-191; leadership ability, 177; interest in farming. 179, 281, 385; and cotton-slave economy. 181. 520-521 ; on nullification crises. 181-191, 229-230, 231; predicts effect of civil war, 187; and Pegg>' O'Xeil-Eaton affair, 198-202; rifts with Jackson. 199, 212-213, 260 ; disapproves of Seminole campaign, 207-208, 214, 216; personal loyalty to Jackson, 209. 461 ; and Webster-Hayne debates, 210; at Jefferson Dav dinner (1830), 211-213; Crawford influences Jackson against. 213 ; publishes details of Seminole campaign. 216 ; secures rejection of Van Buren's appointment as Minister to England. 216-217 ; on States' rights. 218. 231-233, 416-417; concern for Anna Maria. 219-221, 342; and Charleston life, 222-228 : national influence of, at end, 230 ; plans to preserve Union, 231; Fort Hill letter, 231-233; letter to Governor Hamilton, 235 ; on

nullification and secession, 235-236. 316; at Xullification Convention, 239, 240, 256, 257-258; Jackson's opinion of, 239; resigns as Vice-President and chosen Senator, 240 ; returns to Washington (1832). 240-241, 243-244; as Senator, 244-258, 276, 277-27%, 281, 301-308, 310, 336-341, 435-438, 460-462, 474-477. 477-478. 484-488. 490-494. 497-498. 499-501; 501-503; charged with treason. 245; prejudice against, 245-246 ; on Jackson's call for arms, 246; on Force Bill, 247-253 ; reply to \\'el)ster. 253-254; compromises with Clay. 255-256; votes on Compromise Tariff Bill. 256; at Fort Hill, 258; (1837), 329-334; (1845). 382-397. 418; (1849). 479-481, 482-483 ; on Executive power. 259-260. 266 ; and Second Hank of United States. 261. 264. i2V>-i2^) ; on Jacks*>n'» 'monarchy.' 266; compared with Jacks<in, 2()H-J71; accused of attempting lackson's a«>Nassi-nation, 270; controls halance of jjowcr in Senate, 275 ; and nrwspajxrrmen. 279. 496. 503 ; as slaveholder. 285 ; on emancipation. 294. 305. 308. 314-315. 447; on liberty, 301-303, 523; and Willi.im Lloyd Garrison. 305 ; his Mail Bill defeated, 309 ; and attacks on slavery. 311-314; and Floridc. 316-325; on Northern economy vs. Southern. 329-334: plan for Democratic Party, 330; on Suh-Trcasury Bill. 336-338; controversy with Clay. 338-341 ; and illness of .\nna Maria, 342 ; and Varina Davis. 343, 423 ; and Angelica Singlet<»n. 343-344 ; and election of (icneral Harrison. 344-345; on free trade. 348; on Clay. 349; Pre>idcnti;U ambitions (1844). 350-355; (1848). 419-420. 449. 469; and admission of Texas to Union. 357 ; declines, then accepts. Secretary of State iM.st. .V>8. M^2, 3^.3-364; 375-377: friendship with Van Buren. political necessity. 366 ; and Sir Richard Paken-ham, 369; and soil erosion problem. 385-386 ; and understanding of^ people. 393 ; love of art and iK)etrv. 395 ; tours America, 398 ; suggested tor President of Southern States. 406 ; on America. 407; interest in the West, 408; on preservation of the Union. 408. 474-477. 400-494. 490-501. 505. 509-511; interests in Southern railroads. 408-412: delegate to South-Western Convention. 413. 4U>-418: New Orleans reception. 41.V-414: 'Memphis Memorial,' 417; on South Carolina s loyalty. 420; refuses appointment to Court of St. James's, 424 ; on ac^iuiring Oregon. 424-444 ; on possible war with England. 432 ; on Oriental trade. 433 : discusses Oregon with Polk. 4.U-435 : approves 49th parallel as Oregon boundary. 438; on Mexican War. 439-444 : on Wilmot Proviso, 445-446; on .American imperialism. 448 ; and extension of Missouri Compromise, 450; submits resolutions

585

to Senate, 451-452; and Clay's resolutions. 453 ; denies right of Congress to prohibit slavery. 453 ; on abolitionists, 453 ; and Benton. 460 ; and Dyer. 460-462; on use of 'nation.' 461 ; and John Wentworth. 462-463 ; influence on younger Congressmen. 463 : intellectual powers of. 463-465 ; attachment for South, 469-470; debates Webster on Fugitive Slave Law. 471-472; on constitutional rights of South. 472-474 ; address to Senate misunderstood, 475 ; disagrees with Polk. 476-477 ; collapses in Senate, 477-478; visits Anna Maria, 478-479 ; last chance to unite South, 480—*82; chooses Jefferson Davis as successor, 488; clashes with Clav. 491; traces causes of disunity. 491-494: Senate's tribute to, 495-496; and Foote attack. 497-498. 501-502; Webster visits. 498-499; last illness. 503. 505-511; and futility of compromise. 504 ; sends for family. 508; death of. 511 ; obituaries. 511-512; tomb of, 518; Works, outlined, 519-531; on minorities. 522

Calhoun, Martha Caldwell (mother), 4, 11-13: death of. 16

Calhoun. Patrick (father). 3-6; moves to Long Cane. 4 ; political activities of, 4-5; education of. 5 ; prejudices of, 5; death of. 7-8; estate, 8

Calhoun. Patrick (son). 219

Calhoun. William Lowndes (son), 219

Calhoun-Grosvenor affair, 119

Campbell. David. 338

Canada. 75 ; plans for dividing, 80 ; military campaign to. 84

Cantrell. Stephen. 131

Capitalism. Calhoun on. 331

Capitol. 27i\ description of (1811), 71; burning and desecration of, 92-93 ; temporary. 94

Carrington. Eliza, 152

Cass, I.ewis, 424

Catlin's Tavern, i7

Charleston (S. C), 32. 43-45, 425; amusements at, 44 ; life in. 222-228; society in, 22i ; literary groups in, 274 ; artists in, 255 ; changes in, 227-22^ ; as military depot, 239; rioting between Nullifiers and Unionists in, 251 ; postofFice raid at, 308; reception for Calhoun. 467-468; pays respects to Calhoun. 514

Charleston Courier, 419, 442 : reports Calhoun's speech on Force Bill, 250

Charleston Mcrcurv, 442, 500, 503

Chase. Salmon P., 484

Cheves. Langdon. 69, 88. 120. 161, 224; defeats Dallas Bank Bill, 95 ; as Secretary of the Treasury, 159; heads secessionists, 236

Chesapeake-Leopard affair, 46-47

Choate. Rufus. 348

Christmas Eve Treaty, 99

Civil War, 406-407; views of historians on causes of, 170 ; lines drawn for. 213 ; and dominance of West, 407 ; Calhoun forecasts aftermath, 475

$86

INDEX

*.^ay, Henry, 9, 39, 68-69, 107, 117, 120, 147, 195, 448, 457; picks Calhoun as House floor leader. Twelfth Congress, 70; as Speaker of House, 71, 12 \ appoints committees of House, 12 ; on preparations for War of 1812, 79-80; and declaration of war, 81 ; appoints Webster to Foreign Relations Committee, 84 , in Belgium, 96 ; supports Second Bank oi United States, 112, 331; arranges vl,3lhoun-Grosvenor affair, 119 ; as candidate for President (1824). 139-140; National Intelligencer supports, 149; loses 1824 election, 157; controls House vote in 18J4 election, 157; Secretary of State, 161 ; and Fanny Kemble, 243 ; opposed to civil war, 254-255; tariff compromise with Calhoun, 255 ; on Executive power, 263 ; dominant figure, 275 ; on emancipation, 302; on Mail Bill, 309 ; plan for gradual emancipation, 314-315; on Floride, 324; controversy over Calhoun, 338-341 ; on Harrison's election, 346; quits Senate, 349; on Calhoun. 394 ; Benton on, 459-460 ; returns to Senate, 484-485 ; on preserving the Union, 485 ; Compromise of 1850, 487, 488; Calhoun clashes with, 491; eulogy of Calhoun. 512

Clay. Mrs. Henry. 106

Clay-Calhoun Compromise (1833), 255-256

Clay-Randolph duel, 164

Clav-Webster Compromise (1850), 487-488

Clayton, John Middleton, 256; on Carolinians, 254

Clemson, Calhoun (grandson), 446

Clemson, Thomas, 443 ; marries Anna Maria, 283 ; trouble with Andrew, 372

Clemson College. 388, 392

Clergy Hall. 177-178. 184

Cockburn. Admiral, 92

Coit, Rev. John C. 306

Colhoun, Floride, 32, 51 ; courtship and marriage of. 56-65 ; accomplishments of, 59; background. 60; letters to, from Calhoun, 63 ; wedding, 64 ; dowry, 65-66. See also Calhoun, Floride Colhoun (wife).

Colhoun, Floride Bonneau (mother-in-\-\ff), influence of, on Calhoun, 34, 56; pians marriage of daughter, 57

Colhoun, James, Z2, ZIZ

Colhoun. John. 32

Colhoun, John Ewing. 392

Colhoun, Mrs. John Ewing, 32

Colhoun family, Calhoun's relations with, 33

Columbia (S. C), 52

Columbia (Tollege, 399

Commerce. European restrictions on, 85

Commercial Treaty. 110

Committee of Fifteen, 474

('ommittee on Foreign Relations of House of Representatives. 72; report of (1811), IZ ; Randolph flays report, 75 ; Webster appointed to. 84

Compromise of 1833, 255-256, 347

Compromise of 1850, 487-488

Confederacy (Southern) advocated, 257; nucleus of. 443

Congress, Calhoun elected to. 62 ; personalities in (1812). 68; discusses War of 1812, 74 ; Calhoun favors war, 76; declares war (1812), 81; reconvenes in burned-out Capitol, 95; and Dallas's currency plan, 95; 1815 session. 109; and protective tariff, 112-114; increased pay of members voted (1816), 117; fights in, 119; exonerates Calhoun of profit sharing, 122; and economy drive, 128; orders economy drive in Army, 129; wrecks Calhoun's exploration plans, 132; election of President by House (1824). 156-157; personnel of (1825), 160-163; in 1828. 169; and Second Bank of United States, 263; debates slavery. 311-314; on Sub-Treasury Bill. 336-338; votes annexa, tion of Texas. 381 ; declares war on Mexico, 440-441. See also House of Representatives, Senate

Connecticut, blue laws in, Zl ; slavery in 40-41

'Conic Sections Rebellion,' 219

Conscription, 97, 110

Constitution, interpretation of, issue of 1824 campaign, 144; interpretation of, 175; provisions of, for annexing terri' tory. 380; powers in. 450—451

Consiitution-Guerriere, 83

Constitutional rights of South, 472

Cooper. Thomas. 185. 334

Cornwall (Conn.), 40

Cotton economv, 330

Cotton gin, 180

Cotton-slave economy, 175, 180

Country fever, 56

Cralle. Richard. 2Z2>, 510

Crawford. William H., 107; Secretary of the Treasury, 125, 127; candidate for President (1824). 139; assails Calhoun, 149-150. 150-151 ; Gazette supports, 149; inefficiency as Secretary of the Treasury, 151 ; on Calhoun's campaign, 151; not favored by Monroe, 152; illness of, 154; House caucus nominates for President. 155; loses 1824 election. 157; and Calhoun's disapproval of Jackson, 207 ; influences Jackson against Calhoun, 213

Crawford, Mrs. William H., 106

Crime, and punishment, 48

Crockett. Daw. 357

Crofts. William. 224

Crowninshield, Benjamin W., 120

Crowninshield, Mrs. Mary, 105

Currency problem (1814), 94-96

Dallas, George M., plan of, for Bank of United States, 111-112; supports Calhoun at Pennsylvania Convention, 155 ; as Vice-President, 2>16

Dallas currency plan, 95

Daniels, Jonathan, 516-517

Davis, Governor (Mass.), 496

587

Davis, Jefferson, 130, 417, 423, 457, 470,

490; on trial by jury for Negroes, 288;

as successor to Calhoun as Senate leader,

488; eulogizes Calhoun, 512 Davis, Varina (Mrs. Jefferson), 343, 473,

497; on Calhoun, 192 Day, Jeremiah, 21

Dearborn, Major General Henry, 84 Debt, imprisonment for, 48 Democracy, 103, 203, 400; in education.

15; Jackson and, 203; industrial, in

North, 206 Democratic Party, Calhoun's plans for in

South, 330 DeSaussure, Chancellor, 45 Detroit, surrender of. 84 Dickens. Charles, on Second Bank of

United States, 326 Direct (war) tax, 110 Dock Street Theatre. 44 Donelson, Andrew Jackson, puts pressure

on Sam Houston. 378 Donelson. Emilv, 215 Douglas, Stephen A.. 457, 484. 487 Drayton, Governor John, appoints Calhoun

as aide-de-camp. 52 Drayton, Colonel William. 236, 392 Dumbarton Oaks. 136—159; description of,

136; expenses, 137; entertainment at,

137 Dunlap, William, on Washington, D. C,

71 Duvall. Gabriel. 274 Dwight. Timothy, 14—31 ; Calhoun rejects

doctrine of, 21 \ on secession, 28 ; classes

of, 29 ; on Calhoun's abilities. 29 Dyer, Oliver, 457, 471 ; on Calhoun, 460-

463

Earl, Ralph. 215

Eaton. Senator John Henry, marries Peggy O'Neil. 193

Eaton. Mrs. Pegg>' O'Neil Timberlake, 193-195 ; nonacceptnncc by Washington society, 194 ; snubbed by Mrs. Calhoun, 198 ; influence with Jackson. 200 ; a tool of Van Buren, 201 ; revenge completed, 216

Economy, Northern vs. Southern, 186-191, 305. Sec also Cotton economy. Cotton-slave economy, Slave economy, Southern economy

Edgefield /Advertiser, 442

Edgefield County Courthouse. 34

Education. South Carolina's philosophy of, 13; classicism in. 14—15; democracy in, 15; revolutionizes Southern thought, 16; of Negro. 299 ; of women. 402

Elmore. General John A., 62

Ely, Ezra. 23

Emancipation, fear of results of, 295; position of Negro after. 299; plan for gradual, 314; Calhoun on, 447

Embargo .^ct. 90-91

England, plans for War of 1812, 69; arms Indians. 73 ; American attitude toward, 73 ; unaware of U. S. attitude, 78 ; War of 1812 could have been averted, 85; troops burn Washington, 91-93; and

Anglo-American unity, 99-100; agents incite Seminoles, 123 ; and slave trade, 313 ; and annexation of Texas, 369-370 ; effect on, of annexation of Texas, 371— 372; to guarantee independence of Mexico, 377 ; plans restriction on Texan trade, 377; and possible war over Oregon, 424-444; agreement on 49th parallel, 435, 438

Essex, 83

Essex Junto, 97

Europe, covets American lands, 126; designs on South America, 127; and American tariff, 186

Everett, Edward, 272

Exposition and Protest, The, 36, 184, 186

Executive, power of, Calhoun on, 259-260; Clay on, 263

Federal Tariff Act, South Carolina nullifies, 238

Felder. John. 23, 25, 37

'Fifty-Four-Forty or Fight,' 424

Foote, Samuel A., 484; attacks Calhoun, 497, 501-502; Calhoun's reply to, 497-498

Force Bill, 247-253 ; vote on, 252 ; power delegated Executive in, 259

Foreign policy, Calhoun's work on, 127

Forsyth, John, rebukes Calhoun on Van Buren appointment, 217

Fort Barrancas, 123

Fort Hill, 184; slaves at, 287; overseers at, 288; Floride manages, 290 ; office at, 383-384 ; a model farm, 386 ; house at, 3SS ; Floride's improvements, 389 ; hospitality at. 390-391; mortgaged, 482; mortgage paid off. 507

Fort Hill letter, 231-233, 235

Fort Mims, 82

Fort Sumter, 239

Foster, Augustus J., 78; Calhoun's contacts with, 79

France, attitude toward, 73

Eraser, Charles, 225

Free Soil movement, 453

Free Soilers, 484

Free Trade Act, 258

Freedom of the press, 302 ; and Mail Bill, 309

Fremont. John, 358

French decrees, 85 ; revocation of, 86

Fugitive Slave Law, Massachusetts nullifies, 238; nullified, 471-472

Gallatin, Albert, nominated for Vice-President, 155

Galveston, 398

Gardiner, Julia, 376 ; marries Tyler, 359

Garrison, William Lloyd, 305; at Calhoun's tomb, 518

Gazette, backs Crawford for Presidency (1824), 149

Georgetown, life in, 137

Georgia, and expansion of railroads, 408-409

Gilmer, Thomas W., Secretary of the Navy, 360

Goodrich, Elizur, 21

INDEX

Grady, Henry W., 189

Cireat Britain. Sec England

Gratiot, Lt. Col. Charles, 128

Green, Duff, 5, 208. 216, 233, 247, 344,

418; urges Calhoun for Presidency

(1844), 350-352 Creyson, William J.. 224 (irimke, Thomas, 237 Grosvenor, Thomas, 119 Grundy, Felix, 69, 216; on War of 1812,

73

Hall, Mrs. Basil, 205, 273

Hamilton, Alexander, 39

Hamilton, James. 184, 353, 490

Hammond. James H., 182, 184, 218, 403, 468, 475 ; on Calhoun, 394

Hanks, Nancy. 49-52

Harrison, William Henry. 106, 161 ; battle of Tippecanoe, 73 ; elected to Presidency, 344—345 ; calls on Calhoun, 345 ; death of, 348

Hartford Convention, 97, 98, 101

Harvey, Peter, 499

Ha\crhill (Mass.) citizens reciuest dissolution of Union. 305

Hayne. Robert Young. 162, 185. 224, 412; debates Webster, 209-211 ; offers of military aid to. 238 ; resigns from Senate, 239 ; on Calhoun, 240 ; on railroad expansion. 409

Hill's boarding house, 483

Hoadley. George, 21

Hoffman, David, 259

Holland. Mrs.. 225-226

Holmes. Isaac. 424

Hone. Philip. 326

Hopkins, H. L.. 336

House of Representatives, members of (1811). 71; Committee on Foreign Relations. 72; votes War of 1812, 81 ; and Presidential election of 1824. 156-157; description of, 274 : and Wilmot Proviso, 446. Sec also Congress. Senate

Houston. Sam. 122. 378. 451, 481

Hudson's Bav Company, and control of Oregon. 426-427

Huger. Daniel Elliott. 52. 236, 257

Hull. General William, 84

Hunt, Theodore Gaillard. 236

Hunter, R. M. T., and Calhoun's biography, 352

Imperialism, American, 448

Indian problems, 131

Indians, use of. in War of 1812, 69 ; armed by English. 73 ; conflict with Seminoles, 123 ; Calhoun's attitude toward, 131 ; on Oregon Trail. 429-430

Industrial democracy, 206

Ingham. Mrs.. 194

Internal Improvements, 144

Ton, Jacob, 25

Jackson, Andrew. 82. 120. 121, 137, 147, 167; recruits soldiers, 83; and Seminole campaign. 123-124; candidate for President, 139, 140 ; rejects Mexican appointment, 148; as Senator, 161; elected President, 191; and Peggy O'Neil, 193;

and John Henry Eaton, 194; suspects Washington women of influencing appointments. 194 ; and death of wife, 194-195; champions Peggy O'Xeil, 194-195, 198-200; inauguration, 197; orders Mrs. Calhoun to accept Peggy O'Xeil, 199; rift with Calhoun, 199; Web.ster on, 203 ; and democracy, 203 ; Calhoun disapproves of Seminole campaign, 207-208, 214; 'kitchen cabinet,' 208; on Calhoun, 209; at Jefferson Dav dinner (1830), 212; split with Calhoun on preservation of Union, 212-213; Crawford's influence on. 213; proclamation on preserving Union, 238 ; letter to Van Buren on (I'alhoun, 239; predicts *no bloodshed' in South Carolina, 242; on refractory Southerners. 243 ; threatens Calhoun with treason charge. 245 ; calls for arms to enforce order, 246; asks Webster for aid, 248; and Nicholas Biddle, 260-261 ; against Second Bank of United States. 261, 326-329; and Panic of 1833. 262; hatred of, 263; censured by Senate, 265 ; compared with Calhoun, 268-271 ; attempt to assassinate, 270 ; his Presidential receptions. 271; denounces abolitionists, 309; on Texas. 365 ; Calhoun's opinion of Jackson. 461

Jackson. Rachel, death of. 194-195

Jarvis. John Wesley, paints Calhoun's portrait, 154

Jefferson, Thomas, Calhoun visits. 35-36 ; donates library to nation. 95 ; on tariff. 114; supports Crawford for Presidency. 140; on campaign of 1824, 142; on Missouri question. 146

Jefferson Day dinner (1830), 211-213

Jeffersonian doctrine, 6

Johnston, Joseph E.. 130

Judiciary Act of 1789, 181, 182

Justice, in South Carolina, 48

Kemble, Fanny, 242, 273 ; Henry Clay and. 243

Kendall, Amos, 87. 106. 270. 273, 308; on Calhoun's inconsistency, 465

Kennedy, John P.. 107

King, Senator William R., 377 ; on Jackson-Calhoun feud, 309

'Kitchen cabinet,' 208

Lafayette, General, tours America, 152

Langdon, John. 54

Lawrence. Abbott, offers Calhoun loan, 418

Lawyers, colonial, life of, 48-49

Leavenworth, Henry, 131

Lee, Major Henry, 207

Lee, Robert Edward. 130

Legare. Hugh, 225. 226. 236 ; on Charleston. 222 ; on Calhoun, 229

Legislators, living conditions in Washington, 87

Legislature CS. C), Calhoun elected to, 47 ; requirements for election to, 55

Leigh, B. W., 336

'Letter to Governor Hamilton,' 235

Lewis, Major William B., 441

589

Liberator, The, 305

Liberty, Calhoun's idea of, 115; Northern

c(jncept of, 312 Lincoln, Abraham, on tyranny, 303; admires Calhoun, 423-4J4 Linonia Literary Society, 25-26 Litchfield Law School. 34 ; Calhoun at. 36-

39 ; fees at, i7 ; campus, 4U ; recreation

at, 43 Literary societies, at Yale, 25-26 Loan Bill, 98. 346-349 Locke, John, writings influence Calhoun, 7 Log-Cabin' campaign. 344-345 Long Cane (S. C). 2 Long Cane Massacre, 3, 4 Louisiana Purchase. 75 Lowndes, Thomai», 236 Lowndes. William. 69. 87, 88-89. 120. 132.

135; and nomination for Presidency.

135; candidate for President, 13'>;

death of, 161 Lyell, Charles, 402; on Charleston, 222

MacBride, Tames, 23. 25

McDuftie, Gc.rge. 183-184. 239. 334. 361. 376 ; on Oregon, 427

McKec. Samuel. 69

McLean, Judge John. 371

MacLeo<l, Jolm, as Secretary of War, 159

McLoughlin. Dr. John. 427, 430-431

Madison, Dolly. 105; and burning of Washington. 91-92; favorites of, 106; and Peggy O'Neil. 193

M.idison. Presiilcnt James, 54 ; prior to War of 1812. 67; message t<> Congress, 72 ; comments on Randolpl). 74-75; wants reconciliation with Kngland. 80; changes policy on war, 80 ; on declaration of War of 1812. 81 ; and burning of Washington, 92; vetoes Bonus Bill, 117

Mail, question of regulation of, 309

Mail Bill, 30')

NLinilcst Destiny. 422

Mann, Ambrf)sc Dudley, 377

Matm. Horace. 475

NLirch. Klx-nezcr. 21

March. William, on Calhoun's abilities, 85

Marshall. John. 106. 197, 272. 274; in agreement with Jackson on nullification, 238

Martineau, ILarrict. 462; on Calhoun, 276-277

^L^son. James. 491

Massachusetts, 'nullifies' Fugitive Slave Law, 238. 471 ; on Calhoun for President (1844), 351; and annexation of Texas, 372; farms in. 402-403

Maury. Sarah M., 301. 426

Meigs, Tosiah, 18

Memphis. 3^9

'Memphis Memorial,' 417

Memphis Convention. 416-418

Mexican War. 439-444, 447; and annexation of Texas, 450

Mexico, nnd annexation of Texas. 369-370 ; England bargains with. 377 ; possibility of war with, 379; war with, 439-444, 447, 450

Middle class, effect of national economy on, 402

Milan Decree, 85

Mills, Clark, 225

Mills, Robert, 225

Mississippi basin, exploration of, 132

Missouri basin, exploration of, 132

Missouri Compromise, 147, 453 ; extension of, 450

Missouri question, 146; effect of, on Cabinet, 146-147

Mix's contract aft'air, 165

Mobile, reception for Calhoun in, 413

Money, American credo, 400-401 ; rules America. 403 ; Southern idea of, 405

Monroe, President James, 106, 180, 207, 215; Cabinet of, 120; on Jackson's attack on Seminoles, 123 ; Cabinet crisis over Floriila capture, 24 ; personnel problems in Cabinet, 124-125; qualities of, 124-125; Calhoun adviser to, 126; concern for Calhoun's health, 133 ; visits the Calhouns, 137 ; attempts to send Jackson out of country, 147; favors Calhoun for Presidency, 151

Monroe Doctrine, 127

Montgomery, 399

Monticello. 35

Moral philosophy class, 29

Moral standards. Calhoun's personal, 280

Morse. Samuel F. B.. 225

Nantucket Courier, on Clay-Calhoun Tariff Compromise (1833), 255

Napolcr)n. decrees of, 85

Nashville Convention, 481

Natchez, planned insurrection of slaves at, 297

National Bank, 111-112. See also Bank of United States

National Bank Bill, 145

National Exhibition of 1845, 423

National Intelligencer, 94, 496; backs Clav. 149

Naval battles, in War of 1812, 83

Navy. Calhoun on. 110

Negro, discrimination against, 299; education of, 299; freedom of, 302. See also Slaves, Slavery

New England, sedition in, 97; scheme to destroy Calhoun's and Jackson's Presidential hopes, 169 ; farms in, 402

New Hampshire, discrimination against Negro, 299

New Orleans, battle of, 99; Calhoun's reception at, 413-414

New Orleans Bee, 503

New Orleans Jeffersoinan Republican, 419

New York City, 204, 399 ; Calhoun visits, 139. 478; as slave trade mart, 333; life in, 401

New York Courier and Enquirer, and Fort Hill letter, 233

New York Evening Post, on Clay-Calhoun Compromise, 255

New York Herald, 496, 502

New York Tribune, 499, 500, 501

New York Workingman's Party, 304

Newberry (S. C), Calhoun's law practice

at, 47 Newburyport (Mass.) Herald, 77 Newport (R. I.), Calhoun at, 32-34, 42 Newspapermen, opinions of Calhoun, 279, ^496, 503 Newspapers, scarcity of, 12; reaction of, to Calhoun's Presidential campaign, 142-144; role of, in 1824 campaign, 148-150; on Calhoun's Mexican War position. 442-444

Nichols, Dr. Thomas Lowe, 300

Nilcs' Register, 326; defends Calhoun's integrity, 165

Noble, Alexander, 41

Non-Intercourse Act, 90—91

North, and tariff, 186; status of individual in. 205 ; industrial democracy, 206; differs from South, 206 ; discrimination against Negro, 299 ; economy of South a threat to, 304-305 ; on slavery, ZZZ-334, 447 ; economic interests of, vs. South, 332; and annexation of Texas, 367, 2>72 ; aristocracy in. 401 ; ignorant of South's problem, 406; on Wilmot Proviso, 446 ; and Calhoun's resolutions, 452; 'nullifies' Fugitive Slave Law, 471 ; attitude on dissolving Union. 487 ; only hope of preserving Union. 494

North Carolina Standard, 496, 506

Northrup, Amos. 25

Nullification. 229-230. 308; alien doctrine

to South. 2Zi ; compared with secession,

^ 235-236 ; 'peaceful, constitutional,' 236

Nullification Convention. 237—240; reconvenes, 256; Calhoun's influence at, 257-258

Nullification crisis, 181-191 ; South Carolina on, 185

NuUifiers, 236-237. See also Secessionists

Oakly. See Dumbarton Oaks

O'Neil, Peggy. See Eaton, Peggy O'Neil Timberlake

Old Hopewell Church, 174

Oregon, controlled by Hudson's Bay Com-panv, 426-427; American settlers in, 427; settling of, 428-431; Senate debate on. 435 ; border agreed upon, 435, 438 ; not to be slave territory, 453, 455, 456

Oregon City, settling of, 431

Oregon Territorv. 424—444

Oregon Trail. 429-431

Oriental trade. 433

Orr. James. 189

Overton, John, 213, 215

Pakenham. Sir Richard, visits Washington, 368; on Treaty of Annexation, 371 ; on Oregon boundarv, 438

Panic of 1833. 262

Panic of 1837, 325-329

Parker, General, 122-123

Peale, Charles Willson, paints portraits of Cabinet. 153

Peale, Rembrandt, paints Calhoun's portrait, 153

Pendleton (S. C), 172-175

INDEX

Pendleton (S. C.) Farmers' Society, 178-179

Pennsylvania, fails to endorse Calhoun for Presidency (1824), 151; endorses Jackson, 155

Pennsylvania Bank, and Panic of 1837, 326

Pensacola, 123

Perry, Benjamin F., 22,6; on Calhoun, 394

Petersburg, pays respects to Calhoun, 513

Petersburg Courier, 94

Petigru, James L., 230

Petition, right of, debated, 310

Phi Beta Kappa (Yale), 25; Calhoun elected to. 24

Phillips, Billy, 82

Philadelphia Public Ledger, 496, 503, 506

Philadelphia Sentinel, on Clay-Calhoun Tariff Compromise (1833), 255

Pickens, Francis, 184, 334, 392, 417

Pickens, Israel, 88

Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 178

Pinckney, Maria. 238

Pioneer movement. 399

Planter economy, 175-177

Poindexter, George. 69

Poinsett, Joel. 223-224, 236, 237 ; as Secretary of State. 159

Politics, corruption in, 403

Polk, James K., elected President, 379; offers ^ Calhoun post at Court of St. James's, 424 ; discusses Oregon with Calhoun, 434-435 ; accepts defeat on Oregon, 438 ; orders General Taylor to Rio Grande. 439 ; and war with Mexico, 439-444 ; attempts to end Mexican War, 447-448; on Calhoun. 468, 476

Poore, Ben: Perley, 272

Porter, Captain David, commands Essex, 83

Porter, Peter Buell, 69, 72

Postoffice, raided in Charleston (S. C), 388

Powers, Hiram, 225

Presidential campaigns (1816), 117; (1824), most scurrilous, 148

Presidential election (1824), 139-159; confidence of candidates, 147; newspapers in, 148-150; criticism of, 158-159

Presidential receptions, Jackson's, 271 ; Tyler's. 376

President's Palace. See White House

Preston, Robert, on abolitionists, 293

Preston, William Campbell, 106, 437, 466

Protective tariff, 112-114. See also Tariff

Punishment, for crimes, 48

Quincy, John, on Calhoun as Vice-President, 160^

Quincy, Josiah, 71; on Anna Maria Calhoun. 282

'Qualifications Necessary to Make a Statesman, The,' Z2

Railroads, 399; expansion of, in South, 408-412

Randolph, John. 106, 162-163; on U. S. boundaries, 20; 'Mad Jack,' 72 ; opposes War of 1812, 7Z', contradicted by

Calhoun, 74 ; Madison's opinion of, 74-75; on Foreign Relations Committee Report, 75 ; rebuked by Calhoun, 76; and declaration of War of 1812, 87; on Clay's Presidential aims, 107 ; on tariff, 114; opposition to Adams, 163; influence on Calhoun, 166; predicts North-South differences, 166, 186; and cotton-slave economy, 180; defied by McDuffie, 183 ; on Calhoun's rebuke of Van Buren, 218; on conditions in South Carolina, 241 ; supports Calhoun, 253

Randolph-Clay duel. 165

Reeve, Judge Tapping, 36, 38

Reporters, newspaper, opinions of Calhoun, 279

Republican caucus, 54

Republican Party, ccjntrolled by war group, 80

Revenue Collection Bill. Sec Force Bill

Revolution, American, effect of, on War of 1812. 67

Rhett, Albert. 463

Rhett, Robert Barnwell. 185. 257. 490

Richmond. rccepti<jii to General Lafayette, 152; pays respects to Calhoun, 513

Richmond limiuircr, 77

Right of petition, debated. 310

Rioting, between Nullifiers and Unionists, 237

Ritchie, Thomas, 140 ; on Calhoun's speech, 77

River travel. 414-416

Robinson's Summer Coffee House, 44

Rodgcrs, Commodore, 83

Russell, Jonathan, 73

Rutherford, William, Jr., 489

St. Mark's, 123

Sawney, 9

Schotjls. Sec Education

Scott, General Winfield, guards Fort Sumter, 239

Scoville, Joseph. 351. 482. 509

Secession, Timothy Dwight on, 28 ; 'right' of, 42; Southern idea of, in 1812, 75; threat of, by New England. 97 ; South Carolina and, 230 ; compared with nullification. 235-236

Secessionists, 236. See also Nullifiers

Second American Revolution, 67-81. See also War of 1812

Second National Bank. 111-112. Sec also Bank of United States

Sectional conflicts. 103

Sectionalism. Calhoun on. 168

Seminole campaign, aftermath of. 207-208, 214

Seminole Indian uprisings, 123

Senate, votes for War of 1812. 81 ; Calhoun presides over, 164; opposition of. to Adams and Calhoun, 163-164; and Webster-Hayne debate, 209; ignores Calhoun's resignation as Vice-President, 240 ; censures Jackson. 265 ; dignity in, 274-275: slaverv question in (1835-1861). 307-309; and Treaty of Annexation, 371 ; divided on Sub-Treasury Bill, 338; Clay and Calhoun quit, 349-350;

591

dishonesty in, 403-404 ; debates Oregon, 435; on Oregon boundary, 438; and Wilmot Proviso, 446 ; Calhoun submits resolutions to, 451-452

Seward, Senator William H., 332, 456, 484

Sherman, Roger, 27

Sherman, Sarah, 26-27

Silliman, Professor Benjamin, 21, 156, 306, 511

Simms, William Gilmore, 225

Singleton, Angelica, 343-344

Singleton, Mary Rebecca, 183

Slave economy, 175-177 ; toleration of, 325

Slave trading, illegal, 333

Slaveholders, responsibilities to slaves, 290; in South, 291; financial responsibilities of, 295 ; punished for mistreating slaves, 297

Slavery, 284-315; in Connecticut, 40-41; Calhoun's ideas on, 115; not cause of Civil War, 170; hurts South industrially, 175; South aware of evils of, 228-229; an economic question, 291; a social question, 293 ; cruelties in, 298 ; not issue which dissolved Union, 306; no longer necessary, 306 ; action on, in Senate, 307-309; attacks on, in Congress, 311-314; North on, 333-334; in Texas, 357, 366-367; spread of. 404; in territories, 450; not considered an evil, 453; Calhoun on, 469-470

Slaves, on Calhoun's plantation, 284-291 ; responsibility of owners, 290; emancipation of, 294 ; insurrection of, 297; op})ortunities for, 300. Sec also Negroes

Smilie, John, 72

Smith, Ashbel, 359

Smith, Mrs. Margaret Bayard, 34, 156. 196, 216; on burning of Washington, 92

Smith. \Villiam, 393

Soil erosion, 385-386

South, attitude of, toward Federal Government, 174-175; economic life, 175; and tariff. 186; economy of, 189; status of individual in. 205 ; differs from North 206 ; aware of evils of slavery, 228-229 nullification an alien doctrine to, 233 slaveholders in, 291 ; abolitionist societies in, 296 ; economy of North a threat to, 305 ; effect on, of Panic of 1837, 327; economic interests vs. North, 332 ; and annexation of Texas, 367 ; and slavery, 404, 447 ; morals of, 404-405 ; ideas of money in, 405 ; on abolitionists. 405 ; ignorant of North's problems, 406; on Wilmot Proviso, 446 ; in minority, 450 ; platform of. 454-455 ; Calhoun on, 468-469; constitutional rights of, 472-474; Calhoun's attempt to unite. 480-482; defies Wilmot Proviso, 481 ; attitude toward dissolving Union, 486-487 ; Calhoun presents position of, in Senate, 491 ; pavs respects to Calhoun, 495-496 ; Calhoun's love for, 519 _

South America, Europe's designs on, 127

South Carolina, justice in, 48 ; Calhoun as legislator, 52-54; sectional controls, in legislature, 54 ; up-country obtains voice in legislature, 55; angry with Calhoun,

INDEX

117; and tariffs, 167, 230-231; and nullification crisis, 185; and secession, 230 ; debates nullification and secession, 236-237; and Nullification Convention, 237-240; nullifies Federal Tariff Act, 238; ignores Jackson's proclamation, 238; arms for enforcement of its claims, 239 ; threats of war and secession in, 239; Jackson to force retention in Union, 242; Jackson calls for arms to enforce order in, 246; Federal troops to occupy, 254 ; loyalty to Calhoun, 421 ; Calhoun's love for, 519

South Carolina Gazette, 12

South-Western Convention, 413, 416—418

Southard, Samuel L., as Secretary of Navy, 159

Southern economy, 291-292, 330; Calhoun on. 170

Southern Review, 417

Southern sub-committee, 476. See also Committee of Fifteen

Spain, agents of, incite Seminoles, 123

Speaker of House, choosing of, 68

Specie vs. paper, 95

States' rights, 144, 166, 416; Calhoun on, 218. 231-233; and preservation of South, 306

Stephens, Alexander H., 333. 422, 456, 476, 511

Sterling. Micah. 23. 147

Stewart. Charles. 103

Story. Joseph, 274; agrees with Jackson on nullification, 238

Sub-Treasury Bill, 336, 466; becomes law, 341

Suffrage, restrictions on, declining, 303

Sundays, observance of, 39

Supreme Court, 274

Swain, William, 302

Swift, J. G., 136, 160

Taggart, Rev. Samuel, 71

Tammany Hall, 351

Tariff, 171, 182; protective, 112-114; of 1828, 167; a cause of Civil War, 170; North-South ideas on conflict, 186; South Carolina on, 230-231 ; Calhoun on, 231; modified bill, 255; issue on which Union dissolved, 306; and Loan Bill, 346-349

Tariff of Abominations, 170, 190

Taylor, John, 102. 104, 145

Taylor, Zachary. 457

Tazewell, Littleton, 179, 259

Tazewell-Calhoun correspondence, 181

Texas, 356-381 ; slavery in, 357, 366-367 ; Tyler favors annexation of, 358; attitudes of North and South on, 367; attitude of Mexico and England, 369-370 ; Treaty of Annexation, 371 ; annexation of, a possible cause for war, 372-375 ; treaty rejected. 377 ; occupied by U. S. forces, 379; invited into Union, 381; annexation of, and war with Mexico, 450

Texas Treaty of Annexation, rejected, 277

Thayer, Sylvanus, 130

Timberlake, Peggy O'Neil, 193. See also Eaton, Peggy O'Neil Timberlake

Tippecanoe, battle of, 73

Town meeting, 40

Toombs, Robert, 468, 476

Travel, by river boat (1845), 414-416

Treason, Jackson charges Calhoun with, 245

Treatise on Domestic Pleading, 38

Treaty of 1818, 433

Trollope, Mrs. Frances, on America, 204, 205 ; on Washington, 274

Tucker, Beverly, 475, 505

Tucker. Henry St. George, 374

Tyler, John, 217; opposes Force Bill, 252; elected Vice-President (1840), 344-345; as President. 349; grossly underestimated. 357-359 ; marries Julia Gardiner, 359, 377 ; appoints Calhoun Secretary of State, 362 ; receptions of, 376

Tyler, Mrs. Robert, on Calhoun and Webster, 422-423

Union, dissolution of, 486, 491-494

Unionists, 236-237

Unitarianism, at Yale, 28

United States Bank, Bonus Bill, 116, and

Panic of 1833, 262. See also Bank of

United States Upshur, Secretary of State, 359, 360

Van Buren, President Martin, 161, 207, 259, 335, 353; a New York boss, 155; uses Peggy O'Neil to influence Jackson, 200-201 ; advanced to Presidency by intrigue, 215; kills Calhoun's chances for Presidency. 216; Senate refuses confirmation of appointment as Minister to Court of St. James's, 216-217; as Vice-President. 275 ; on Benton-Calhoun affair. 278 ; and Panic of 1837, 326-329 ; and Sub-Treasury Bill, 336 ; defeat of, for re-election (1840), 344; Calhoun's friendship a political necessity, 366

Van Schaick. Myndert, 332

Van Rensselaer, Stephen, deciding vote of, in *1824 election, 157

Venable, Dr. Abraham, 463, 474, 510

Von Hoist, 462

Vigilance and Safety Committee. 481

Village life, in South Carolina. 8

Virginia, pays respects to Calhoun, 513

Virginia Free Press, 500

Virginia Resolutions, 168, 185, 232

Waddel, Moses. 6 ; marries Catherine Calhoun, 6 ; as Calhoun's teacher, 6 ; academy of. 14-15

Walker, Robert. 380

Walsh,^ Mike, 303, 403; on Calhoun for President, 352

War Boys, ranks thinned, 96

War Department, inefficiency in, 120 ; description of office, 120; Calhoun reorganizes. 128; Calhoun's policv for. 131

War of 1812, 67-81 ; use of Indians in. 69; England plans for, 69; Randolph opposes, 73 ; preparations for, 73, 79 ;

American strength, 83; naval battles, 83 ; Canadian campaign, 84 ; could have been averted, 85 ; failures in, 86 ; end of, 99 ; and later Anglo-American unity, 99-100; United States becomes world power through, 101; popularity of, 101; international effect of, 101 War Hawks, 69; reaction to Calhoun's censuring Randolph, 11 ; plan to divide Canada, 80; graduated from Congress, 161 War Mess, boarding house, 87 War Between the States. See Civil War Washington, on eve of War of 1812. 67 ; physical appearance (1811), 71; amusements in, 11; living conditions in, 87; burned by British, 91-93; 1815 season, 105; pettiness and gossip in, 192-202; poverty in, 195; 1828 season, 195-196; in 1833, 243; of Jackson's time, 271-274 ; a frontier town, 212 ; in 1844, 368-369; 'sink of corruption' (1845), 403; in 1846, 422-423. See also Georgetown Washington Republican, supports Calhoun,

149 Webster, Daniel, 1, 9, 104, 162, 272, 349. 403. 488, 484, 513; platform on which elected, 84 ; appointed to House Foreign Relations (Committee, 84 ; and attitude of Europe (1812), 85; on Washington amusements, 87 ; on Non-Intercourse Act, 90; on Dallas plan, 95 ; on conscription, 97; an unknown quantity, 107; on Second Bank of United States, 112. 265; candidate for President. 139; on Calhoun for President. 139; and Calhoun's visit to Boston, 139; on Jackson's followers, 197; on Jackson's inauguration. 203 ; debates with Hayne. 209-211 ; agrees with Jackson on nullification, 238; withholds aid to Jackson, 248; shocked by Calhoun's speech on Force Bill. 251; Calhoun's reply to. 253-254; supports Calhoun on Texas, 380 ; offers Calhoun loan, 418; on Fugitive Slave

593

Law, 471-472; compromise with Clay, 488; on South's position, 494; visits Calhoun, 497-498; eulogizes Calhoun, 512

Webster, Koah, on American language. 205

Webster, Reuben, 21

Webster-Hayne debates, 209-211

Wentworth, John, 462-463

West, and Civil War, 407; Calhoun's interest in, 408

West Point, student strike at, 130

Wharton, Francis, 379

Wheeling Gazette, 496

Whitcorab, James, 490

White House, 105 ; Jackson's inaugural at, 197

White. John. 225

Whitehead, Amos, 23

Whitman, Dr. Marcus, 358, 427, 428, 430

Whitman, Narcissa, 428

Williams. Lemuel, 351

Willis, Nathaniel, 422, 474

Wilmot, David, 446

Wilmot Proviso, 446, 447; South defies, 481

Wirt, William, 168, 215; as Attorney-General, 125, 126; and campaign of 1824. 142

Wise, Henry, 361

Women, education of, 402

Women's Rights, 38

Works, Calhoun's, 419-531

Wyeth, Nathaniel J., 427

Yale, Calhoun's responsibilities at, 16 campus, 16-18; curriculum, 19; life at 19, 21-22; library, 20; faculty, 21: purpose of education, 22 ; religion at, 22 Calhoun's classes at, 23 ; literary socie ties at, 25-26; Unitarianism at, 28 Calhoun's comments on, 31 ; 'Conic Sections Rebellion,' 219; Andrew Calhoun at, 218-219

Yancey, Bob, 49

SENTRY EDITIONS

1. A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers

hy Henry David Thoreau

2. A Diaty from Dixie by Mary Boykin Chesmitj

edited by Ben Ames Williams

3. The Education of Henry Adams: An Autobiography

4. J.B. by Archibald MacLeish

5. John C. Calhoun by Margaret L. Coit

6. The Maritime History of Massachusetts: 1783-1860

by Samuel Eliot Morison

7. My Antonia by Willa Gather

8. Patterns of Culture by Ruth Benedict

9. Sam Clemens of Hannibal by Dixon Wecter

10. The Great Crash, 1929 by John Kenneth Galbraith

11. The Year of Decision: 1846 by Bernard DeVoto

12. Young Man with a Horn by Dorothy Baker

13. Mcin Kampf by Adolf Hitler

14. The Vital Center by Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. 15. The Course of Empire by Bernard DeVoto

16. O Pioneers! by Willa Gather

17. The Armada by Garrett Mattingly

18. American Capitalism by John Kenneth Galbraith

19, The Emancipation of Massachusetts by Brooks Adams

20, Beyond the Hundredth Meridian by Wallace Stegner 21. Paul Revere and the World He Lived In by Esther Forbes

22. Chosen Country^ by John Dos Passos

23. The Tragic Era by Claude G. Boivers

24, Parkinson's Law by G. Northcote Parkijison

15. Across the Wide Missouri by Bernard DeVoto 26. Manhattan Transfer by John Dos Passos

27. A Cartoon History of Architecture by Osbert Lancaster

28. The Song of the Lark by Willa Gather

29. A Mirror for Witches by Esther Forbes 30. The Collected Poems of Archibald MacLeish

31. The Journals of Lewis and Clark, edited by Bernard DeVoto

32. Builders of the Bay Colony by Sa?miel Eliot Morison

33. Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres by Henry Adams

34, Laughing Boy by Oliver La Farge

35. Wild America by Roger Tory Peterson a?id J antes Fisher

36. Paths to the Present by Arthur M. Schlesinger

37. U,S.A, by John Dos Passos

38. Economic Development by John Kejineth Galbraith

39. The Crisis of the Old Order by Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr,

40. Three Soldiers by John Dos Passos

41. The Road to Xanadu by John Livingston Lowes

' >J'

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