Page number citations refer to the print edition.
Ah Ho-kuan 162
Ai, Duke of Lu (r. 494–468 BC) 79, 81, 116, 122
Ch’ang Chi 76
Chang Tao–ling (died between AD 157 and 178), first ‘Celestial Master’ of the Taoist religion 176
Ch’ang-wu-tzŭ 59
Chan-tzŭ 229
Chao, King of Ch’u (r. 515–489 BC) 227
Chao-hsi, Marquis Chao of Han (r. 358–333 BC) 226
Chao Wen, famous zitherplayer 54f
Ch’eng, adviser of Shun 161
Ch’eng of North Gate 164
Ch’en Sheng, peasant leader of the first rebellion against the Ch’in dynasty in 209–208 BC 197, 234
Ch’ih-chang Man-chi 174
Ch’ih Yu 237
Ch’in-chang, Master (Tzŭ-ch’in-chang) 89
Ch’ing, engraver 135
Ch’in Ku-li, chief disciple of Mo-tzŭ 222, 276f
Ch’in Yi 65
Chi, minister of T’ang 44
Chi (T’ien Chi), general under King Wei of Ch’i (357–320 BC) 153
Chi Chen, undocumented philosopher 152
Chi Ch’ih, Mohist 277
Chi Ch’ü, mythological ruler 69
Chieh, tyrannical last emperor of Hsia dynasty, overthrown by T’ang 67, 211, 231, and passim
Chieh-tzŭ, undocumented philosopher 152
Chieh Tzŭ-t’ui, who fled away in protest against the ingratitude of Duke Wen of Chin (r. 636–628 BC) 238
Chieh Yü, the madman of Ch’u who mocked Confucius (Analects 18/5) 46, 74f, 95, 115
Chien-ho, Marquis of 119
Chien Wu, said to be a mountain god; in Chuang-tzŭ a friend of Chieh Yü the madman of Ch’u 46, 86, 95
Chi Hsien, shaman 96f, 270
Chi Hsing-tzŭ 135
Chi T’o, who hid when T’ang took over the empire 91
Chi-tzŭ (Viscount of Chi?), who pretended madness to avoid serving tyrant Chow, doubtfully identified with Hsu Yü 91
Chi-tzŭ, of Wei 153
Chih, Robber, legendary exemplar of banditry 202, 203, 207, 208, 211–13, 234–39
Chih (Tzŭ-chih), see K’uai
Chin, musicmaster 192f
Chou, Duke of, see Tan
Chow, tyrannical last emperor of Shang (Yin) dynasty, overthrown by King Wu in 1027 BC 67 and passim
Chuan Hsü, mythological ruler 86
Ch’ü-ch’üeh-tzŭ 59
Ch’ui, a legendary exemplar of the carpenter 138, 209
Chu-jung, mythological ruler 209
Chü-liang, who lost his strength (story unknown) 91
Chung-yang, mythological ruler 209
Ch’ü Po-yü (fl. 559 BC), counsellor in Wey praised by Confucius (Analects 15/7 cf. also 14/25) 71f, 102, 127
Chü, woman 87
Confucius (K’ung Ch’iu 551–479 BC), teacher from the state of Lu 4, 59f, 67–71, 74–81, 89–92, 102, 109, 128–34, 136–8, 145, 164, 167–9, 187, 189, 192f, 229–31, 234–9, 248–53
Cripple Lipless (Chih-li Wu-ch’un) 80
Fu-hsi, mythological ruler, inventor of hunting, and (in the Great Appendix of the Book of Changes) of the Eight Trigrams 69, 86, 171, 209
Fu Yüeh, minister of Shang emperor Wu Ting 87
Gaptooth (Nieh Ch’üeh), Wang Ni and Reedcoat (P’u-yi, P’i-yi), fictitious spokesmen of Taoism in the age of Yao and Shun 58, 94, 160f
Grandfather P’eng, see P’eng-tsu
Greedyguts Grabitall (Man Kou-te) 239–41
Han Fei (died 233 BC), Legalist philosopher 197
Heavenbased (T’ien-ken) 95
Ho-hsü, mythological ruler 205, 209
Hsiang-li Chi’in, Mohist 277
Hsien, see Chi Hsien
Hsien-yüan, mythological ruler 209
Hsi Shih, favourite concubine of Fu-ch’ai King of Wu (r. 495–473 BC) 53, 193
Hsi Wei 108
Hsi-wei, mythological ruler 86
Hsüan, King of Ch’i (r. 319–301 BC) 3, 116, 278, 280
Hsü Hsing (fl. 315 BC), ‘Tiller’ philosopher 199
Hsün-tzŭ (?298-?238 BC), Confucian thinker 185
Hsü Yu, hermit who refused to accept the empire from Yao 45, 91, 225, 230, 242
Hsü-Yü, who pretended madness to avoid serving tyrant Chow 91
Hu Pu-hsieh, who sacrificed himself for duty (story unknown) 91
Huan, Confucian of Cheng 108
Huan, Duke of Ch’i (r. 685–643 BC), personal name Hsiao-po 80, 139f, 191f, 240
Huan Tou 212
Huan T’uan, sophist 285
Huang Liao 284f
Huang-tzŭ Kao-ao 191
Hua-tzŭ of Wei 153
Hui, King of Wei or Liang (r. 370–319 BC), personal name Ying 3, 116, 153
Hui Shih, sophist who served King Hui of Liang (r. 370–319 BC) 5, 9, 12, 17, 20, 46f, 54, 56, 82f, 100–2, 122–4, 144, 154, 283–5
Hun-t’un, the primordial blob out of which heaven and earth divided, personified 98f, 187
Huo, Director 161
Hu-tzŭ, teacher of Lieh-tzŭ 96f
Jan Ch’iu, disciple of Confucius 164
Jan-hsiang 110
Jo, god of the North Sea 144–50
Jung-ch’eng, mythological ruler 111, 209
K’an-p’i, said to be a god with human face and animal body 86
K’uai, King of Yen, abdicated 316 BC to his minister Tzŭ-chih 147
Kuan Chung (Kuan-tzŭ, died 645 BC), chief minister of Duke Huan of Ch’i (r. 685–643 BC) 189, 191f, 240
K’uang, musicmaster of Chin state 54, 200, 202, 208f
Kuang-ch’eng-tzŭ 177–9
K’uang-tzŭ (K’uang Chang), friend of Mencius, who mentions that he was disowned by his father for criticising his behaviour (Mencius 4B/30) 241
Kuan Lung-feng, minister of Chieh 67
Kuan-yin, the ‘Keeper of the Pass’ to whom Lao-tzŭ is said to have given his book before he departed for the West 127, 137, 281f
K’uei, Crown Prince of Chao 244f
K’u Huo, Mohist 277
Kung, Upright, who bore witness against his own father for sheepstealing, to the disgust of Confucius (Analects 13/18) 241
K’ung Fu, head of the family of Confucius who took office under Ch’en Sheng 197, 234
Kung-kung 213
Kung-po, who peacefully took over the regency on the flight of King Li of Chou in 842 BC, and peacefully abdicated to King Hsüan in 828 BC 231
Kung-sun Lung, sophist patronised by the Lord of P’ing-yuan (died 251 BC) in Chao 10, 53, 144, 154–6, 284f
Kung-sun Yen 153
Kung-wen Hsüan 64
Lai, Master (Tzŭ-lai) 87f
Lao-tzŭ, see Tan, Old
Li, Lady, beauty taken as consort by Duke Hsien of Chin (r. 676–651 BC) 58, 59
Li, Master (Tzŭ-li) 87f
Li Chu (Li Lou), legendary exemplar of acute eyesight, who could discern the tip of a hair at a distance of 100 paces 200, 202–8f
Lieh-tzŭ (Lieh Yü-k’ou), hero of apprentice stories about the searcher after the Way (in the Inner chapters, misled by the glamour of magic) 44f, 96–8, 137, 184, 227
Lien Shu 46
Li-hsü, mythological ruler 209
Lin Ch’ieh, only named disciple of Chuang-tzŭ 118
Ling, Duke of Wey (r. 534–493 BC), one of the rulers visited by Confucius, who thought him immoral (Analects 14/19, 15/1) 71, 80, 108f
Li-lu, mythological ruler 209
Liu-hsia Chi or Hui (Chan Ch’in), a counsellor in Lu under Duke Hsi (659–627 BC), admired by Confucius (Analects 15/14, 18/2, 8) and anachronistically introduced as his contemporary 234–9
Lu Chü 101
Mao-ch’iang, beautiful woman 58
Mencius (Meng-tzŭ) (?371–?289 BC), Confucian thinker 15, 171
Meng-sun Ts’ai 90f
Meng Sun-yang, disciple of Yang Chu 222f
Meng Tzŭ-fan 89
Men Wu-kuei 174
Min-tzŭ, disciple of Confucius 81
Mo Ti (Mo-tzŭ), late 5th century BC, founder of the Mohist school 4, 108, 240, 276f; see also ‘Yang and Mo’
Mou, Marquis T’ien of Ch’i, doubtfully identified as King Wei of Ch’i (357–320 BC) 153
Mou, Prince of Chung-shan in Wei 154f, 229f
Never committed (Wu-yüeh) 240
Noonbegin (Jih-chung-shih) 95
Old Dragon Lucky (Lao-lung Chi) 162
Pao Chiao (Pao-tzŭ) 238, 241
P’eng Meng, philosopher (4th century BC) 279–81
P’eng-tsu (Grandfather P’eng), the Chinese Methuselah, lived 700 years 44, 56, 87, 265
Pien, wheelwright 139f
Pien Sui 231f
Pi-kan, Prince, executed by tyrant Chow 67, 120, 238, 241
Ping, philosopher (doubtfully identified with Kung-sun Lung) 101
P’ing-yi, god of Yellow River 86; he is presumably the unnamed ‘Lord of the River’ of 144–50
Pitcherneck (Yung-yang), deformed man 80
Po Ch’ang-ch’ien 108
Po-ch’eng Tzŭ-kao 174f
Po Chŭ 188
Po-huang, mythological ruler 209
Po-hun Nobody (Wu-jen) 77f
Po-kung, rebel who committed suicide after failing to seize the throne of Ch’u in 479 BC 147
Po Lo, legendary exemplar of the horse trainer 204f
Po Yi and Shu Ch’i, brothers who starved to death under Mount Shou-yang rather than accept the Chou dynasty in 1027 BC 91, 145, 232f, 238
Pu-liang Yi 87
Reedcoat, see Gaptooth
Sang, Master (Tzŭ-sang), the same as Sang-hu? 92f
Sang-hu, Master (Tzŭ-sang-hu) 89
Shan-chüan, who refused to accept the throne abdicated to him by Shun 225, 242
Shao, Duke of, a son of King Wen, minister under King Ch’eng (r. c. 1024–c. 1005 BC) 133
Shen-nung (‘Daemonic Farmer’), legendary pre-dynastic emperor, inventor of agriculture, the sage revered by the Tillers 162, 171, 189, 209, 232, 237
Shen Tao, philosopher in the Chi-hsia Academy of King Hsüan of Ch’i (r. 319–301 BC) 279–81
Shen-t’u Chia, man with chopped foot 77f
Shen-t’u Ti (Shen-tzŭ), who drowned him
self because his advice was not accepted 91, 238, 241
Shih, carpenter 72f, 124
Shih Ch’iu (Shih Yü), counsellor in Wey, praised by Confucius (Analects 15/7) 108
Shih-huang-ti (‘First Emperor’), name assumed by King Cheng of Ch’in (246–210 BC) on completing the conquest of the rest of China in 221 BC and founding the Ch’in dynasty 197
Shu, cripple 74
Shu Ch’i, see Po Yi
Shu-shan Choptoes (Wu-chih), man with chopped foot 78f
Shun (Yu-yü), pre-dynastic emperor revered by Confucians. He served Yao as minister until Yao abdicated to him, and in due course himself abdicated to Yü 94, 110 and passim
Sou, Prince 226
Ssŭ, Master (Tzŭ-ssŭ) 87f
Ssŭ-ma Ch’ien (c.145–c.89 BC), author of the Historical records (Shih-chi), the first history of China 3, 116, 127
Ssŭ-ma T’an (died 110 BC), father of Ssŭ-ma Ch’ien 5
Stone Door, farmer of 225
Sui-jen, mythological ruler, discoverer of fire 171, 189
Sung Hsing or Sung Jung (4th cent. BC), philosopher 44f, 102, 278
Sung Jung, see Sung Hsing
Ta T’iao 108
Ta-t’ing, mythological ruler 209
Tai Chin-jen 154
T’ai (‘Ultimate’), House of. Fictitious name for a primordial ruling house 94f
Tan-fu (T’ai-wang), grandfather of King Wen, settled the Chou people under Mount Ch’i in the North West, from where King Wu conquered China and founded the Chou dynasty in 1027 BC 225
Tan, Old (Lao Tan, Lao-tzŭ), said to have been visited for instruction by Confucius, used by Chuang-tzŭ as a spokesman and adopted by later Taoists as their founder, supposed author of Tao te ching 65, 78f, 96, 126–34, 188, 212, 214f, 281f
Tan, Duke of Chou, younger brother of King Wu, regent for the young King Ch’eng (r. c. 1024–c. 1005 BC), suppressed for him a rebellion by his own brothers. Revered by Confucius as the first Duke of his own state, Lu 193, 240 and passim
T’ang, founder of the 2nd dynasty, the fully historical Shang or Yin (?1523–1028 BC) 44, 231f and passim
Teng-ling-tzŭ, Mohist 277
T’ien Ch’eng (T’ien Ch’ang, Tzŭ-ch’ang), usurper who killed Duke Chien of Ch’i in 481 BC and reduced his successors to puppets of the T’ien family 207, 240
T’ien Heng, tutor of T’ang 111
T’ien Ho, usurper of the dukedom of Ch’i in 386 BC 105
T’ien P’ien, philosopher in the Chi-hsia Academy of King Hsüan of Ch’i (r. 319–301 BC) 279–81
Ting, cook 63f
Tseng and Shih, paired by the Primitivist as examples of the moralist (see Tseng Shen, Shih Ch’iu) 200, 202, 209, 211, 213
Tseng Shen (Tseng-tzŭ), disciple of Confucius, especially noted for filial piety 229
Ts’ui Chu 212
Tsun-lu, mythological ruler 209
Tung-kuo-tzŭ 161f
Tzŭ-ch’an, chief minister of Cheng 542–522 BC 77f
Tzŭ-chang, disciple of Confucius 239f
Tzŭ-chi, marshal in Ch’u 228
Tzŭ-ch’i (or Tzŭ-k’uei) of Nan-kuo (or Nan-po), adept in meditative trance, and his disciple Yen-ch’eng Tzŭ-yu (Yen-ch’engtzŭ) 48f, 73, 87, 105
Tzŭ-chou Chih-po (Tzŭ-chou Chih-fu) 224
Tzŭ-hsü, see Wu Tzŭ-hsü
Tzŭ-hua-tzŭ 226
Tzŭ-kao, Duke of She, noble of the state of Ch’u, who suppressed the rebellion of Po-kung in 479 BC 69f
Tzŭ-k’uei, see Tzŭ-ch’i
Tzŭ-kung, disciple of Confucius 89, 186f, 189, 228, 230, 235, 248
Tzŭ-lu (died 480 BC), disciple of Confucius 109, 230, 237, 248, 252
Tzŭ-yang, chief minister of Cheng 227
Uglyface T’o (Ai-t’ai T’o), ugly man 79–81
Wang Chi, youngest son of Tan-fu, succeeded him as head of the Chou, father of King Wen 240
Wang Ni, see Gaptooth
Wang T’ai, man with chopped foot 76f
Wei, King of Ch’u (r. 339–329 BC) 116, 118f
Wei Sheng 238, 241
Wen, Duke of Chin (r. 636–628 BC) 238
Wen, King (died 1027 BC) and his son King Wu (r. 1027-C.1025 BC), founders of the 3rd dynasty, the Chou (1027–256 BC). King Wen built up the power of his fief in the North West, King Wu rebelled and overthrew the Shang dynasty 140f and passim
Wen, King of Chao (Huei-wen, r. 298–266 BC) 244–7
Wen-hui, Lord, uncertainly identified as Hui of Liang (r. 370–319 BC) 63f
Western Queen Mother (Hsi-wang-mu), mythological ruler in the West 87
Wu-chuang, who lost his beauty (story unknown) 91
Wu, Han Emperor (Wu-ti, r. 140–87 BC) 257
Wu Hou, Mohist 277
Wu, King, see Wen, King 232 and passim
Wu Kuang, who drowned himself rather than accept the throne from T’ang, whom he regarded as a usurper 91, 232
Wu Ting, emperor of the Shang dynasty (c.1200 BC) 87
Wu-tse the Northerner 231
Wu Tzŭ-hsü, who angered the King of Wu by warning him of danger from Yüeh, and was forced to commit suicide in 484 BC; the King threw his body in the river 238, 241
Yang and Mo, paired by the Primitivist as leaders of rival schools (see Yang Chu, Mo Ti) 200, 202, 209
Yang Chu (c.350 BC), representative philosopher of the ‘Yangist’ or ‘Nurture of life’ school 5, 101, 117, 197, 221–3; see also ‘Yang and Mo’
Yang Tzŭ-chü (Yang-tzŭ) 96, 141f
Yao, legendary pre-dynastic emperor revered by Confucians, abdicated to Shun 45 and passim
Yellow Emperor (Huang-ti), mythological ruler, in some accounts inventor of the state and of war, revered by cultivators of longevity or immortality 86, 91, 159f, 164–6, 171, 176–9, 212–15, 237, 257, 263
Yen-ch’eng Tzŭ-yu (Yen-ch’eng-tzŭ), see Tzŭ-ch’i
Yen Ho, a hermit of Lu, of the time of Duke Ling of Wey (r. 534–493 BC) 71f, 226f
Yen Hui (Yen Yüan) favourite disciple of Confucius 67–9, 90, 92, 136, 167–8, 189, 192, 229, 230, 235, 252
Yen Kang-tiao 162
Yi, legendary exemplar of the archer 78, 101, 106
Yi-erh-tzŭ 91
Yi-liao of Shih-nan, noble of Ch’u who refused to join in the rebellion of Po-kung in 479 BC 109, 173
Yi Yin, minister of the Shang dynasty founder T’ang 231
Ying, personal name of King Hui of Wei (r. 370–319 BC) 153
Yin Wen (4th century BC), philosopher 278
Yu-yü, House of, see Shun
Yü, Master (Tzŭ-yü) 87f, 92f
Yü, drainer of the flood, founder of the 1st dynasty, the doubtfully historical Hsia 175, 276f and passim
Yü Ch’iang, god of the North Sea 87
Yü Erh, a legendary exemplar of fine cookery 202
Yüan, Duke of Sung (r. 531–517 BC) 124, 139
Yüan Hsien, disciple of Confucius 228f
Yüeh, mutton butcher 227f