Contents

List of Maps

Preface

Preface to the Third Edition

Glossary

Introduction: Periodization, Theory and Methodology

Part I Western Influences and Early Attempts at Modernization

1. The Ottoman Empire at the end of the Eighteenth Century

2. Between Tradition and Innovation: Sultan Selim III and the ‘New Order’, 1789–1807

3. The Early Years of Sultan Mahmut II: The Centre Tries to Regain Control

4. The Later Years of Sultan Mahmut II: The Start of the Reforms

5. The Era of the Tanzimat, 1839–71

6. The Crisis of 1873–78 and its Aftermath

7. Reactionary Despotism or Culmination of the Reforms? The reign of Sultan Abdülhamit II

Part II The Young Turk Era in Turkish History (1908–50)

8. The Second Constitutional Period, 1908–18

9. The Struggle for Independence

10. The Emergence of the One-Party State, 1923–27

11. The Kemalist One-Party State, 1925–45

12. The Transition to Democracy, 1945–50

Part III A Troubled Democracy

13. The Rule of the Democratic Party, 1950–60

14. The Second Turkish Republic, 1960–80

15. The Third Republic: Turkey since 1980

Notes

Maps drawn by Russell Townsend

The Ottoman Balkans

Anatolia

The Arab Provinces of the Ottoman Empire

Bibliographical Survey

Biographical Notes: Some Important Figures in Ottoman and Turkish History