References

Introduction

Deaton, S. 2015. “Social Learning Theory in the Age of Social Media: Implications for Educational Practitioners.” Journal of Educational Technology 12(1): 1–6.

DeBrule, S. 2020. “Machine Learnings: Understand How AI Will Change Your Work and Life.” Newsletter. subscribe.machinelearnings.co/?utm_source=machine_learnings&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=publication_homepage&utm_content=navigation_cta.

Google. 2019. “The Machine Learning Glossary.” developers.google.com/machine-learning/glossary/.

Mueller, P.A., and D.M. Oppenheimer. 2014. “The Pen Is Mightier Than the Keyboard: Advantages of Longhand Over Laptop Note Taking.” Psychological Science 25(6): 1159-68.

Niiler, E. 2020. “An Epidemiologist Sent the First Warnings of the Wuhan Virus.” Wired, January 25. wired.com/story/ai-epidemiologist-wuhan-public-health-warnings/.

Opong, T. 2017. “The Life-Changing Habit of Journaling (Why Einstein, Leonardo da Vinci, and Many More Great Minds Recommend it).” Medium, June 22. medium.com/thrive-global/start-journaling-54ea2edb104.

Wolf, M. 2018. “Skim Reading Is the New Normal. The Effect on Society Is Profound.” The Guardian, August 25. theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/aug/25/skim-reading-new-normal-maryanne-wolf.

Chapter 1

Anderson, M.R. 2017. “Twenty Years on From Deep Blue vs Kasparov: How a Chess Match Started the Big Data Revolution.” The Conversation, May 11. theconversation.com/twenty-years-on-from-deep-blue-vs-kasparov-how-a-chess-match-started-the-big-data-revolution-76882.

Baer, J. 2018. “The 6 Critical Chatbot Statistics for 2018.” Convince & Convert. convinceandconvert.com/digital-marketing/6-critical-chatbot-statistics-for-2018.

Best, J. 2013. “IBM Watson: The Inside Story of How the Jeopardy-Winning Supercomputer Was Born, and What It Wants to Do Next.” TechRepublic, September 9. techrepublic.com/article/ibm-watson-the-inside-story-of-how-the-jeopardy-winning-supercomputer-was-born-and-what-it-wants-to-do-next.

Brandon Hall Group. 2016. “Learning Technology.” Brandon Hall. go.brandonhall.com/l/8262/2016-04-25/5brswr.

Business Wire. 2018. “Worldwide Spending on Cognitive and Artificial Intelligence Systems Forecast to Reach $77.6 Billion in 2022, According to New IDC Spending Guide.” Business Wire, September 19. businesswire.com/news/home/20180919005045/en/Worldwide-Spending-Cognitive-Artificial-Intelligence-Systems-Forecast.

Chalmers, D.J. 1995. “Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness.” Journal of Consciousness Studies 2(3): 200–19.

Chawla, V. 2019. “How China Is Revolutionising Education Using Artificial Intelligence.” Analytics India Magazine, August 26. analyticsindiamag.com/china-artificial-intelligence-education.

Chowdhury, H. 2020. “Could We Ever Create an AI as Smart as the Human Brain?” The Telegraph, January 16. telegraph.co.uk/technology/2020/01/15/can-googles-british-sister-company-deepmind-build-computer-smart.

Ciccarelli, M. 2020. “Humans Plus AI Improves Cybersecurity Risk Response.” Human Resource Executive, January 2. hrexecutive.com/humans-plus-ai-improves-cybersecurity-risk-response.

Davies, S. 2018. “Artificial Intelligence Is Changing the Translation Industry. But Will It Work?” Digitalist Magazine, July 6. digitalistmag.com/digital-economy/2018/07/06/artificial-intelligence-is-changing-translation-industry-but-will-it-work-06178661.

Degreed and Harvard Business Publishing. 2019. How the Workforce Learns in 2019. harvardbusiness.org/insight/how-the-workforce-learns-in-2019.

Dillon, JD. 2020. “The Path to AI.” TD, January. td.org/td-magazine/january-2020-td-magazine.

Encyclopedia Britannica. n.d. “Thomas Bayes.” britannica.com/biography/Thomas-Bayes.

Farnam Street Blog. 2013. “The Original Parkinson’s Law and the Law of Triviality.” Farnam Street Blog. fs.blog/2013/12/parkinsons-law.

Georgia Tech. n.d. “Georgia Tech’s Emprize: AI-Powered Learning. Anytime. Anywhere.” emprize.gatech.edu.

Goren, E. 2003. “America’s Love Affair With Technology: The Transformation of Sexuality and the Self Over the 20th Century.” Psychoanalytic Psychology 20(3): 487-508.

Gratton, L., D. Rock, J. Voelker, and T. Welsh. 2019. “Redefining the Role of the Leader in the Reskilling Era.” McKinsey Quarterly, December.

Hassabis, D., D. Kumaran, C. Summerfield, and M. Botvinick. 2017. “Neuroscience-Inspired Artificial Intelligence.” Neuron 95(2): 245-58.

Ismail, N. 2019. “The History of the Chatbot: Where It Was and Where It’s Going.” Information Age, February 11.

Jackson, N. 2011. “Electro the Moto-Man, One of the World’s First Celebrity Robots.” The Atlantic, February 21. theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/02/elektro-the-moto-man-one-of-the-worlds-first-celebrity-robots/71505.

Kamarck, E. 2018. “Malevolent Soft Power, AI, and the Threat to Democracy.” Brookings Institution, November 29. brookings.edu/research/malevolent-soft-power-ai-and-the-threat-to-democracy.

Kasinathan, G., and K.S. Yogesh. 2019. Exploring AI in Indian School Education. National Seminar on “Innovative Practices and Research in the Era of Digi Education,” March 21–22. itforchange.net/sites/default/files/2019-08/Paper-AI-and-education-Seminar-by-UOH-March-20-2019-with-abstract.pdf.

Koch, M. 2017. “The Turing Test: The History Behind Measuring Artificial Intelligence.” Medium, May 12. medium.com/@MichaelKoch/the-turing-test-the-history-behind-measuring-artificial-intelligence-284efa636c3b.

Life Sciences Trainers & Educators Network (LTEN). 2019. “Artificial Intelligence: The Future of Work?” LTEN, January 24. lten-industrybrief.caboodleai.net/en/article/22742.

Georgia Tech 2020. “Jill Watson, an AI Pioneer in Education, Turns 4.” ic.gatech.edu/news/631545/jill-watson-ai-pioneer-education-turns-4.

Marr, B. 2018. “How Much Data Do We Create Every Day? The Mind-Blowing Stats Everyone Should Read.” Forbes, May 21. forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/05/21/how-much-data-do-we-create-every-day-the-mind-blowing-stats-everyone-should-read/#3204496d60ba.

Marsh, A. 2018. “Electro the Moto-Man Had the Biggest Brain at the 1939 World’s Fair.” IEEE Spectrum, September 28. spectrum.ieee.org/tech-history/dawn-of-electronics/elektro-the-motoman-had-the-biggest-brain-at-the-1939-worlds-fair.

Martin, N. 2019. “Did a Robot Write This? How AI Is Impacting Journalism.” Forbes, February 8. forbes.com/sites/nicolemartin1/2019/02/08/did-a-robot-write-this-how-ai-is-impacting-journalism/#6f9139857795.

McCarthy, J., M.L. Minsky, N. Rochester, and C.E. Shannon. 1955. “A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence.” formal.stanford.edu/jmc/history/dartmouth/dartmouth.html.

McCulloch, W.S., and W. Pitts. 1943. “A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity.” The Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics 5, 115–33. link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02478259.

Meacham, M. 2017. “What Does It Mean to Be Intelligent?” LearningToGo. learningtogo.info/2017/06/09/what-does-it-mean-to-be-intelligent-2.

Miner, N. 2018. Future-Proofing Your Organization by Teaching Thinking Skills: A Survival Guide for 21st Century Business.

MIT Technology Review. 2017. “Artificial Intelligence Can Translate Languages Without a Dictionary.” MIT Technology Review. technologyreview.com/f/609595/artificial-intelligence-can-translate-languages-without-a-dictionary.

Nadkarni, P.M., L. Ohno-Machado, and W.W. Chapman. 2011. “Natural Language Processing: An Introduction.” Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 18(5): 544–51. doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000464.

Naveen, J. 2019. “How Far Are We From Achieving Artificial General Intelligence?” Forbes, June 10.

Nessier, U. 1979. “The Concept of Intelligence.” Intelligence 3(3): 217–27.

PBS. N.d. “Tesla: Life and Legacy.” pbs.org/tesla/ll/ll_robots.html.

Pfeiffer, U., B. Timmermans, K. Vogeley, C. Frith, and L. Schilbach. 2013. “Towards a Neuroscience of Social Interaction.” Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, February 1. frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00022/full.

Popova, M. 2015. “How Ada Lovelace and Charles Babbage Invented the World’s First Computer: An Illustrated Adventure in Footnotes and Friendship.” Brainpickings. brainpickings.org/2015/06/15/the-thrilling-adventures-of-lovelace-and-babbage-sydney-padua.

Russell, J. 2017. “Google’s AlphaGo AI Wins Three-Match Series Against World’s Best Go Player.” TechCrunch, May 25. techcrunch.com/2017/05/24/alphago-beats-planets-best-human-go-player-ke-jie.

Ryan, K.J. 2018. “This Robot Detects Lung Cancer Better Than Any Human Doctor—And That’s Just for Starters.” Inc., July/August. inc.com/magazine/201808/kevin-j-ryan/monarch-platform-auris-health.html.

Sagan, C. 2002. Cosmos. New York: Random House.

Simon, M. 2018. “The WIRED Guide to Robots.” Wired, May 15. wired.com/story/wired-guide-to-robots.

Sivasubramanian, S. 2020. “How AI and Machine Learning Are Helping to Fight COVID-19.” The World Economic Forum COVID Action Platform, May 28. weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/how-ai-and-machine-learning-are-helping-to-fight-covid-19.

Starner, T. 2020. “Fortune 500 Study: Personalization, AI Deficit in Job Candidate Experience.” Human Resource Executive, January 17.

Sternberg, R.J., and J.C. Kaufman. 2002. Intelligence: Encyclopedia of the Human Brain.

Straders, A. 2019. “What Is Artificial Intelligence? Examples and News in 2019.” TheStreet, January 3. thestreet.com/technology/what-is-artificial-intelligence-14822076.

Tracxn. 2019. “Artificial Intelligence Startups in India.” tracxn.com/explore/Artificial-Intelligence-Startups-in-India.

Turing, A.M. 1950. “Computing Machinery and Intelligence.” Mind 59(236): 433–60.

University of Reading. 2014. “Turing Test Success Marks Milestone in Computing History.” reading.ac.uk/news-archive/press-releases/pr583836.html.

Van Dinteren, R., K. Nijsman, and M. Meacham. 2018. “From Learning to Performance: Global Lessons from the Brain Ladies.” Whitepaper. brainladies.com/homepages/whitepaper.

Wired. 2017. “The Robot Will See You Now.” Wired, April 25. youtu.be/x1Qu1YKZA0Y.

Chapter 2

Anderson, G., J. Thomas, and J. Katzenbach. 2018. The Critical Few: Energize Your Company’s Culture by Choosing What Really Matters. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Berger, G. 2019. The Jobs of Tomorrow: LinkedIn’s 2020 Emerging Jobs Report. LinkedIn. blog.linkedin.com/2019/december/10/the-jobs-of-tomorrow-linkedins-2020-emerging-jobs-report.

Bersin, J. 2019. “AI in the Flow of Work. Insights on Corporate Talent, Learning, and HR Technology.” Josh Bersin, January 2. joshbersin.com/2018/11/learning-in-the-flow-of-work-arriving-now.

Borden, T., and A. Akhtar. 2020. “The Coronavirus Has Triggered Unprecedented Mass Layoffs and Furloughs. Here Are the Major Companies That Are Downsizing Their Workforces.” Business Insider, May 28. businessinsider.com/coronavirus-layoffs-furloughs-hospitality-service-travel-unemployment-2020.

Brandon Hall Group. 2017. Learning Technology Study 2017. go.brandonhall.com/l/8262/2017-06-05/73hbxx.

Branson, R.K., G.T. Rayner, J.L. Cox, J.P. Furman, F.J. King, and W.H. Hannum. 1975. “Interservice Procedures for Instructional Systems Development, Vols. 1-5.” TRADOC Pam 350-30, NAVEDTRA 106A. Ft. Monroe, VA: U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command.

Caballar, R.D. 2019. “What Is the Uncanny Valley?” IEEE Spectrum, November 6. spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/humanoids/what-is-the-uncanny-valley.

Cohen, J.N., and P. Mihailidis. 2013. “Exploring Curation as a Core Competency in Digital and Media Literacy Education.” Faculty Works: Digital Humanities & New Media 4. digitalcommons.molloy.edu/dhnm_fac/4.

Darlington, K. 2020. “How Artificial Intelligence Is Helping Prevent the Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic.” OpenMind BBVA, May 22. bbvaopenmind.com/en/technology/artificial-intelligence/how-ai-is-helping-prevent-the-spread-of-the-covid-19-pandemic.

Frey, C.B., and M.A. Osborne. 2013. “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?” Oxford University Engineering Sciences Department and the Oxford Martin Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology. “Machines and Employment” Workshop, September 17.

Friedman, M. 2015. “There’s a Deeply Scientific Reason That Siri’s Voice Is Female.” Marie Claire, October 30. marieclaire.com/culture/news/a16682/why-is-siri-a-female-voice.

Hernández-Orollo, J. 2020. “AI Evaluation: On Broken Yardsticks and Measurement Scales.” Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. eval.how/aaai-2020/REAIS19_p14.pdf.

Kelly, P. 2016. “Transforming Assessment Into Great Learning Experiences.” Ed.gov Blog. blog.ed.gov/2016/12/transforming-assessment-into-great-learning-experiences.

Lowrey, A. 2018. “Wages Are Low, and Workers Are Scare. Wait, What?” The Atlantic, September 19. theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2018/09/is-america-facing-a-labor-shortage/570649.

Manjoo, F. 2013. “You Won’t Finish This Article,” Slate, June. slate.com/technology/2013/06/how-people-read-online-why-you-wont-finish-this-article.html.

Marr, B. 2018. “How Much Data Do We Create Every Day? The Mind-Blowing Stats Everyone Should Read,” Forbes, May 21. forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/05/21/how-much-data-do-we-create-every-day-the-mind-blowing-stats-everyone-should-read/#42e9139260ba.

McKinsey & Company. n.d. “The Next Normal.” McKinsey & Company. mckinsey.com/featured-insights/the-next-normal.

Norcross, J.C., G.P. Koocher, and A. Garofalo. 2006. “Discredited Psychological Treatments and Tests: A Delphi Poll.” Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 37(5): 515-22. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.37.5.515.

Paul, R., and L. Elder. 1997. Foundation for Critical Thinking. criticalthinking.org.

Rodgers, C. 2002. “Defining Reflection: Another Look at John Dewey and Reflective Thinking.” pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8306/5a718ecebe57d7dea8a80f6d2a746c7b7a86.pdf.

Sneader, K., and S. Singhal. 2020. “Beyond Coronavirus: The Path to the Next Normal.” McKinsey & Company, March 23. mckinsey.com/industries/healthcare-systems-and-services/our-insights/beyond-coronavirus-the-path-to-the-next-normal.

Srdanovic, B. 2018. “Educational Chatbots and the Use of Instant Messaging Apps in the Classroom.” eLearning Industry, March 24. elearningindustry.com/educational-chatbots-use-instant-messaging-apps-classroom.

Tansey, I. 2017. “Bots vs. Robots: What’s the Difference?” Codebots. codebots.com/artificial-intelligence/robots-and-bots-explained.

Villar, C. Creating. 2017. “Conversational Experiences (II).” Medium, December 12. medium.com/landbot-io/creating-conversational-experiences-ii-build-and-design-20ac88d7ee72.

Chapter 3

Devaney, E. 2018. “The State of Chatbots Report: How Chatbots Are Reshaping Online Experiences.” Drift, January 23. drift.com/blog/Chatbots-report.

Editorial Team. 2018. “How Netflix Uses Big Data to Drive Success.” Inside Big Data, January 20. insidebigdata.com/2018/01/20/netflix-uses-big-data-drive-success.

Herr, N. 2007. “Internet Resources to Accompany the Sourcebook for Teaching Science.” csun.edu/science/health/docs/tv%26health.html.

McFadden, C. 2019. “How Exactly Does Netflix Recommend Movies to You?” Interesting Engineering, June 3. interestingengineering.com/how-exactly-does-netflix-recommend-movies-to-you.

Sullivan, D. 2018. “How Google Autocomplete Works in Search.” Google Search Blog. blog.google/products/search/how-google-autocomplete-works-search.

Turing, A. 1950. “Computing Machinery and Intelligence.” Mind 49:433–60. csee.umbc.edu/courses/471/papers/turing.pdf.

Ulanoff. L. 2014. “Amazon Knows What You Want Before You Buy It.” Machine Learning Times, January 27. predictiveanalyticsworld.com/machinelearningtimes/amazon-knows-what-you-want-before-you-buy-it.

Chapter 4

ATD Research. 2018. Is the LMS Dead? Learning Management Technology in Today’s Organizations. Alexandria, VA: ATD Press.

Blattmann, J. 2018. “Netflix: Binging on the Algorithm.” Medium, August 2. uxplanet.org/netflix-binging-on-the-algorithm-a3a74a6c1f59.

Brandon Hall Group. 2016. 2016 Learning Technology Study. tinyurl.com/zysxev7.

Dawkins, R. 1976. The Selfish Gene. New York: Oxford University Press.

Dawson, T. 2019. “Learning, Emotion, and the Goldilocks Zone.” Medium, March 10. medium.com/@theo_dawson/learning-emotion-and-the-goldilocks-zone-30295765dd7a.

Dickson, B. 2019. “What Is Deep Learning?” PCMag, August 8. pcmag.com/news/what-is-deep-learning.

Expertus. 2007. “Expertus Survey Reveals Executive Frustration With Learning Measurement.” Expertus. expertus.com/81-of-lms-users-are-dissatisfied-with-reporting.

Herold, B. 2020. “The Scramble to Move America’s Schools Online.” Edweek, March 27. edweek.org/ew/articles/2020/03/26/the-scramble-to-move-americas-schools-online.html.

Johnson, K. 2019. “How Google Maps Uses Machine Learning to Predict Bus Traffic Delays in Real Time.” Venture Beat, June 27. venturebeat.com/2019/06/27/how-google-maps-uses-machine-learning-to-predict-bus-traffic-delays-in-real-time.

Kirkpatrick, J.D., and W.K. Kirkpatrick. 2016. Kirkpatrick’s Four Levels of Training Evaluation. Alexandria, VA: ATD Press.

Kodak Workflow Documentation. 2019. “What Is Rules-Based Automation?” Kodak Workflow Documentation. workflowhelp.kodak.com/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=40208668.

Koidan, K. 2019. “How Netflix Uses Contextually-Aware Algorithms to Personalize Movie Recommendations.” Topbots, June 26. topbots.com/netflix-movie-recommender-system-rework.

McIlvaine, A. 2020. “Technology’s Role in Recruitment.” Human Resource Executive, May 19. hrexecutive.com/technologys-role-in-recruitment/?eml=20200529&oly_enc_id=5023D9664490H1Z.

Meacham, M. 2017. “The Near Future of Learning Automation: The Smart LMS.” ATD Insights, April 27. td.org/insights/the-near-future-of-learning-automation-the-smart-lms.

Olckers, A. 2020. “AI in War: ‘Algorithms Will Fight Each Other in 20 Years.’” Medium, March 7. medium.com/swlh/ai-in-war-algorithms-will-fight-each-other-in-20-years-4df66b346826.

Pandey, P. 2020. “Recommendation Systems in the Real World.” Topbots, January 29. topbots.com/recommendation-systems-in-the-real-world.

Pappas, C. 2020. “Anytime, Anywhere Learning Essentials: 5 Features That Your Next LMS App Must Include.” eLearning Industry, January 18. elearningindustry.com/next-lms-app-features-must-include-anytime-anywhere-learning.

Psychology Today. N.d. “Social Learning Theory.” Psychology Today. psychologytoday.com/us/basics/social-learning-theory.

Selyukh, A. 2018. “Optimized Prime: How AI and Anticipation Power Amazon’s 1-Hour Deliveries.” NPR Morning Edition, November 21. npr.org/2018/11/21/660168325/optimized-prime-how-ai-and-anticipation-power-amazons-1-hour-deliveries.

Seseri, R. 2018. “How AI Is Changing the Game for Recruiting.” Forbes, January 29. forbes.com/sites/valleyvoices/2018/01/29/how-ai-is-changing-the-game-for-recruiting/#389dc2a21aa2.

Shekhtman, L. 2019. “NASA Takes a Cue From Silicon Valley to Hatch Artificial Intelligence Technologies.” NASA, November 25. nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/nasa-takes-a-cue-from-silicon-valley-to-hatch-artificial-intelligence-technologies.

Smyth, A. 2019. “How Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Learning Management Systems (LMS) Will Streamline Employee Learning.” HR Technologist, April 26. hrtechnologist.com/articles/learning-development/how-artificial-intelligence-in-learning-management-systems-will-streamline-employee-learning.

Thomson, A. 2020. “Google Shows AI Can Spot Breast Cancer Better Than Doctors.” Bloomberg, January 2. bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-01-02/google-shows-ai-can-spot-breast-cancer-better-than-doctors.

Williamson, J. n.d. “The 4 V’s of Big Data.” dummies.com/careers/find-a-job/the-4-vs-of-big-data.

Chapter 5

———. n.d. “Behaviorism: A Psychological Perspective.” PSU. personal.psu.edu/wxh139/bahavior.htm.

———. 2019. “Gary Marcus on Why AI Needs a Reboot.” Psychology Today, September 20. psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-future-brain/201909/gary-marcus-why-ai-needs-reboot.

Abadicio, M. 2019. “Artificial Intelligence in the U.S. Army—Current Initiatives.” Emerj, November 22. emerj.com/ai-sector-overviews/artificial-intelligence-in-the-us-army.

Asimov, I. 2009. “The Three Laws of Robotics.” George Law YouTube Channel, March 4. youtube.com/watch?v=AWJJnQybZlk.

Bleicher, A. 2017. “Demystifying the Black Box That Is AI.” Scientific American, August 9. scientificamerican.com/article/demystifying-the-black-box-that-is-ai.

Bordalo, P., N. Gennaioli, and A. Shleifer. 2017. “Memory, Attention and Choice.” Ideas. ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/23256.html.

Cherry, K. 2020. “How a Phrenology Head Was Traditionally Used.” Verywell Mind, March 31. verywellmind.com/example-and-overview-of-a-phrenology-head-4111124.

Comen, E., and T.C. Frohlich. 2019. “The Biggest Corporate Scandals of the Decade.” 24/7 Wall St., December 20. 247wallst.com/special-report/2019/12/20/the-biggest-corporate-scandals-of-the-decade/3.

Dastin, J. 2018. “Amazon Scraps Secret AI Recruiting Tool That Showed Bias Against Women.” Reuters, October 9. reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-jobs-automation-insight/amazon-scraps-secret-ai-recruiting-tool-that-showed-bias-against-women-idUSKCN1MK08G.

Davies, A., and J.R. Harrigan. 2019. “The Cobra Effect: Lessons in Unintended Consequences.” Foundation for Economic Education, September 6. fee.org/articles/the-cobra-effect-lessons-in-unintended-consequences.

DreamWorks Wiki. n.d. “Hiccup/Quotes.” DreamWorks. dreamworks.fandom.com/wiki/Hiccup/Quotes.

Dressel, J., and H. Farid. 2018. “The Accuracy, Fairness, and Limits of Predicting Recidivism.” Science Advances, January 17. advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/1/eaao5580.

Epstein, Z., H.P. Blakeley, J. Hanwen Shen, A. Dubey, B. Felbo, M. Groh, N. Obradovich, M. Cebrian, and I. Rahwan. “Closing the AI Knowledge Gap.” Cornell University, March 20. arxiv.org/abs/1803.07233.

Garcia, C. 2015. “Algorithmic Music—David Cope and EMI.” Computer History Museum, April 29. computerhistory.org/blog/algorithmic-music-david-cope-and-emi.

Goyal, Y., A. Mohapatra, D. Parikh, and D. Batra. 2016. “Towards Transparent AI Systems: Interpreting Visual Question Answering Models.” Cornell University. https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.08974.

Greene, T. 2019. “Researchers Were About to Solve AI’s Black Box Problem, Then the Lawyers Got Involved.” TNW, December 17. thenextweb.com/artificial-intelligence/2019/12/17/researchers-were-about-to-solve-ais-black-box-problem-then-the-lawyers-got-involved.

Leopold, A. 1949. A Sand County Almanac: And Sketches Here and There. New York: Oxford University Press.

Marcus, G., and E. Davis. 2019. Rebooting AI: Building Artificial Intelligence We Can Trust. New York: Vintage.

Moore, C. 2020. “What Is Flow in Psychology?” Positive Psychology. positivepsychology.com/what-is-flow.

Nadella, S. 2016. “The Partnership of the Future.” Slate, June 28. slate.com/technology/2016/06/microsoft-ceo-satya-nadella-humans-and-a-i-can-work-together-to-solve-societys-challenges.html.

Pasztor, A. 2007. “Honeywell Tests Brain-Wave System.” International Military Forum, November 13. military-quotes.com/forum/honeywell-tests-brain-wave-system-t48014.html.

Randall, I. 2019. “AI Gets Painting Down to a Fine Art as Algorithm Learns to Mimic the Unique Styles and Brushstrokes of Master Artists Including Van Gogh, Vermeer, and Turner.” Daily Mail, April 26. dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-6963651/AI-learns-mimic-unique-styles-master-artists-including-Van-Gogh-Vermeer-Turner.html.

Regalado, A. 2019. “China’s CRISPR Twins Might Have Had Their Brains Inadvertently Enhanced.” MIT Technology Review, February 21. technologyreview.com/2019/02/21/137309/the-crispr-twins-had-their-brains-altered.

Robitzski, D. 2020. “This Grad Student Used a Neural Network to Write His Papers.” Futurism, April 21. futurism.com/grad-student-neural-network-write-papers.

Robot Staff. 2010. “The Evolution of a Roboticist—Mark Tilden.” Robot, December 7. botmag.com/the-evolution-of-a-roboticist-mark-tilden.

Rojahn, S.Y. 2013. “Samsung Demos a Tablet Controlled by Your Brain.” MIT Technology Review, April 19. technologyreview.com/2013/04/19/253309/samsung-demos-a-tablet-controlled-by-your-brain.

Rosso, C. 2018. “20 Great Quotes on Artificial Intelligence.” Psychology Today, May 18. psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-future-brain/201805/20-great-quotes-artificial-intelligence.

Shane, J. 2019. “The Danger of AI Is Weirder Than You Think.” TED2019. ted.com/talks/janelle_shane_the_danger_of_ai_is_weirder_than_you_think?language=en.

Shaw, J. 2019. “Artificial Intelligence and Ethics.” Harvard Magazine, January–February. harvardmagazine.com/2019/01/artificial-intelligence-limitations.

Skinner, B.F. 1969. Contingencies of Reinforcement: A Theoretical Analysis. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

Sumser, J. 2020. “8 Ways to Reflect on Your HR Ethics.” Human Resource Executive, June 4. hrexecutive.com/sumser-8-ways-to-reflect-on-your-hr-ethics.

Vincent, J. 2016. “Twitter Taught Microsoft’s AI Chatbot to Be a Racist Asshole in Less Than a Day.” The Verge, March 24. theverge.com/2016/3/24/11297050/tay-microsoft-chatbot-racist.

Wachter, S., B. Mittelstadt, and L. Floridi. 2017. “Transparent, Explainable, and Accountable AI for Robotics.” Science Robotics 2(6). philarchive.org/archive/WACTEA.

Watson, J.B., and W. McDougall. 1929. Behaviorism. New York: W.W. Norton.

WhatIs.com. 2019. “Black Box AI.” WhatIs.com. whatis.techtarget.com/definition/black-box-AI.

Wigan, M. 2019. “Rethinking IT Professional Ethics.” Australian Institute of Computer Ethics Conference. researchgate.net/profile/Marcus_Wigan/publication/341656019_Rethinking_IT_Professional_Ethics/links/5ecdb0cf4585152945146f00/Rethinking-IT-Professional-Ethics.pdf.