INDEX
All names of respondents are pseudonymns.
abortion, 54, 64, 245n12; men’s attitudes toward, 64. See also pregnancy: men’s reactions to
African Americans, 244; and birth outside of marriage, 4, 12–13; reaction to pregnancy, 229; and role of father, 215; in study group, 15; thoughts about marriage age, 94
alcohol abuse. See substance abuse
Alden Park Manor, 196
Antonio, 141
Autor, David, 220
Bartram High School, 35, 131, 135, 255n1 (ch. 5)
Bartram’s Garden, 130
Behind Ghetto Walls (Rainwater), 210
Ben Franklin Bridge, 168
biographical resources, 121, 126, 129, 207
birth control. See contraception
Blankenhorn, David, 213
Bob, 96
Bok Vocational High School, 183
Bradley Amendment, 3
Brandywine School (pseud.), 131–32, 255n3
Brooks, Mark, 193–97
Brown, Murphy, 218
Budd Company, 160
Bureau of Child Support Enforcement, 113, 144
Camden, NJ: demographics, 12, 232–33; employment statistics, 10, 11, 12; history of, 9–12; map of neighborhoods, 234; neighborhoods, 6; police, 12; poverty rates in, 12; riots in, 11, 12; Rosedale neighborhood, 6–10; Waterfront Entertainment Center, 67
Campbell Corporation, 10
Carr, John, 25–30, 32, 43, 44, 118–19, 141
Charles, 149–50
Cherlin, Andrew, 86, 189, 213, 214
Chester, PA, 193
children: men’s attitudes toward, 58–60, 193, 210–11, 222
child support, 111–12, 113–15, 144, 158, 206, 214, 215, 216, 223, 224, 226–27, 254n1, 259–60n16; fathers’ attitudes toward, 207–8. See also fatherhood: as financial provision
Cleaver, Ward, 109, 119, 126, 206–7, 222
Clinton, Bill, 5
Community College of Philadelphia, 58
contraception, 201; couples use of, 24, 32, 40, 53–55, 62–64, 68, 187, 189, 192, 203, 244n5; men’s knowledge about, 63; mothers’ attitudes toward, 63. See also couple relationship: sex within; pregnancy
couple relationship: beginning of, 37–40, 202, 246n17; failure of, 75, 98–102, 230, 236, 253n32; family opposition to, 99; gendered expectations within, 80–82, 87–89, 247n22; men’s attitude toward, 75, 86; sex within, 23–24, 29, 30, 32, 36, 71, 244n6; weakness of, 77–85, 89, 204, 242n14. See also marriage
“daddies” versus “fathers,” 140, 255nn5, 6
Davis Elementary School, 66
Day, Jack, 33, 38–40, 43, 44, 51
Dayton, 82–83
deindustrialization, 26, 217, 220–21, 260n22
desistance from deviance, 89–90, 251n13. See also control theory
divorced fathers, 214
divorce rates, by education, 217–18
“doing the best I can,” 119, 120, 129, 153, 169, 206, 207, 222–23
domestic violence, 80, 161, 194
Donnelly, Will, 33, 37–38, 43, 44, 59, 103–11, 118, 120, 125, 127–28, 143, 146, 147, 148, 173, 207, 217
Drexel University, 79
drug addiction. See substance abuse
Earned Income Tax Credit, 254n3
East Camden, 9, 204; crime in, 65–67
Eagleville State Hospital, 73
Edin, Kathryn, 24, 63, 81, 101, 211, 218, 219, 221
Ehrenreich, Barbara, 220
Erikson, Erik, 153
fatherhood: as communication, 149–51, 207; cultural definitions of, 219–22; deinstitutionalization of, 213–16; as financial provision, 109–20, 140, 142, 143–44, 146, 164, 168, 169, 190, 206, 208, 222; as friendship, 144–54, 206; history of, 216–17; men’s desire for, 36, 47–49, 53, 57, 62, 63, 108, 185, 188–89, 191–92, 197–99, 203–4, 211; and men’s identity, 212; men’s views on timing of, 60–62; psychological resources and, 174–78; as quality time, 138, 140–43, 152, 153, 196, 221–22; as role modeling, 120–29, 207; as turning point for men, 76, 158, 206, 224. See also child support
Fatherless America (Blankenhorn), 213
father’s absence, 108, 137–38, 168, 184; and child support, 185–86, 191, 210, 224
father’s involvement, 165–78, 190, 231, 237–39; changes over time, 167–68, 191, 256n6, 259n4; and children’s attitudes, 172, 175–77, 208; and couple relationship, 173–74; discrepancy in mothers’ and fathers’ reports of, 256n9; among divorced men, 86; effect of breakup on, 177; effect of circumstances on, 173–74; and finances, 208; and incarceration, 168, 176, 182, 184, 188; and mothers’ failings, 172–73, 191–92; mothers’ attitudes toward, 170; and mothers’ gatekeeping, 157, 169, 208, 257n16; portrayal of in earlier studies, 210; and psychological resources, 174–78, 209; role of intermediaries in, 171–72; and substance abuse, 168, 176, 183, 208–9; among unmarried fathers, 190, 191; and younger children, 191; variations in, 166–67. See also child support
Flintstones, The, 82
Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing study, 100, 230–31, 246n18, 247n27, 249n4, 250nn10, 11, 256n8
Franklin Institute, 152
Freidan, Betty, 220
Furstenberg, Frank, 86
Gans, Herbert, 210
generativity, 153–55, 255n10. See also fatherhood
Gibson-Davis, Christina, 80
Giovanni, 171
Golden Slipper Summer Camp, 33–34
Green, Andre, 46–50, 53, 60, 64, 69, 170, 172, 203, 212, 221
Griswold, Robert L., 219
Hamer, Jennifer, 129
Hill, 61
Hill, Sonny, 193
Hirschi, Travis, 89, 252n19. See also control theory
Hispanics: and birth outside of marriage, 4, 13
Holmes, Marty, 117, 172, 178, 182–86, 190, 191, 200
Honeymooners, The, 82
Houtzdale Prison, 21–22
incarceration, 133, 134; fathers’ involvement and, 168, 176, 182, 184, 188
infidelity. See sexual infidelity
Inner City Missions, 26
Jefferson Hospital, 155
Jenkins, Amin, 19–24, 31, 32, 42, 43–44, 52, 64, 143, 178, 186, 191, 202, 203, 213, 217, 230
J. J., 148
Joe, 142
Johnson, Lyndon, 4
Jones, Byron, 33–37, 41, 43, 44, 51, 62, 217
Jones, Lacey, 59–60, 110, 111, 112, 115, 118, 172–73, 178, 187, 191, 222
Kefalas, Maria, 24, 63, 81, 101, 211, 218, 219, 221
Kensington High School, 28, 194, 245n11
Kramden, Ralph, 82
Kramer vs. Kramer, 180
Ku Klux Klan, 3
LaBelle, Patti, 131
Larry, 141
Laub, John H., 89
Leave It to Beaver, 109, 110, 206
Lerman, Robert, 190, 191, 200, 210, 231, 258n11
Lewinski, Peter, 139–40, 143, 200
Liebow, Elliot, 86, 115, 210–11, 251n6, 252n24, 255n8
Mallory, Robert (“Bear”), 70–78, 86, 204, 205, 221
marriage: barriers to, 287; cultural redefinition of, 218–19; men’s attitudes toward, 36, 90–98, 205, 225, 253n31; men’s income and, 94–95; “shotgun,” 40, 203; social status and, 95; women’s attitudes toward, 219, 258n16. See also couple relationship
Mary Mother of Peace Catholic School, 38
Mastbaum High School, 180
McGuire Courts housing project, 65–66
McSeed, Timothy, 2–4, 6, 18, 49, 202
Michael (forty-one year old), 54, 140, 146, 147
Michael (twenty-seven year old), 91
Middleton, Holloway, 94, 160–66, 168, 169, 173, 174, 175, 177, 180, 209, 212
Midvale Steel, 160
Mifflin Square, 122
Mott, Lucretia, 38
Moyers, Bill, 2–4, 18, 202, 241n5, 260n16
Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 3–4; Moynihan Report, 3–4, 12
multiple partner fertility, 186–89, 201, 262n44. See also serial fathering
Murphy, Patrick, 115–16
Murphy Recreation Center, 121
Murray, Charles, 218
NAACP, 1
Narcotics Anonymous, 42, 158, 211
National Longitudinal Study of Youth, 190, 231
Negro Family, The (Moynihan), 4
Neumann Catholic High School, 123
new fatherhood, 219; class differences in, 220–21, 225, 261n35; and feminism, 220; and religion, 261n31
New Jersey Aquarium, 67
“new package deal,” 85–90, 102, 205–6, 226. See also couple relationship
nonmarital births: change in rates of, 4–5, 13; class differences in, 218; by education, 5; political response to, 5; by race, 4; statistics for Camden, 6; statistics for Philadelphia, 6
nonresident fatherhood, effects of, 223
North Catholic High School, 156
O’Brien, Tim, 24, 25, 30–31, 32, 43, 44
Our Lady of Mount Carmel, 122, 124, 125
paternity: admission of, 224, 259n12; denial of, 50, 132, 133, 186, 241n4; misidentification of by mother, 29; overclaiming of, 197–9. See also pregnancy
Paul, 93–94
Philadelphia: demographic data, 13; housing stock in, 26, 27; poverty rate in, 13
Philadelphia neighborhoods: demographic characteristics of, 232–33, 243n30; Elmwood Park, 37, 38–39; Fairhill, 37–38, 41, 103–7, 127, 128, 129, 161, 207; Fishtown, 25, 27, 30, 32, 37, 179–81, 208; Grays Ferry, 21, 22, 23, 35, 182, 217; Harrogate, 72, 204; Hunting Park, 41–42; importance of, 6; Kensington, 25–27, 32, 70, 131, 156, 179, 217; Kingsessing, 35, 37, 130–31, 138, 205; Manayunk, 39; Mantua, 33, 146, 209; map of, 234; Nicetown, 94, 160–61; Northern Liberties, 37; Pennsport, 115; Point Breeze, 110, 113; Port Richmond, 156–57; Strawberry Mansion, 22, 23, 31, 202; West Kensington, 25, 41, 92, 194, 252n26; Whitman, 121–25, 127, 129, 131, 217
Philadelphia School for the Deaf, 148
Picardi, Ray, 178, 179–82, 185, 186, 191, 200, 208
Planned Parenthood, 29
Please Touch Museum, 152
pregnancy: accidental, 53–54, 199, 226; “just not thinking,” 53, 55–56, 62; men’s circumstances and, 56–58, 64; men’s reactions to, 46–56, 62–65, 67–69, 73, 132–33, 139, 201, 203, 235, 248n1; planning of, 29, 32, 53–56, 229, 235, 249n5; “semi-planned,” 53, 54–55, 62. See also contraception; paternity
Purvis, Robert, 38
racial conflict, 11, 12, 21, 25, 38, 39
Rainwater, Lee, 210
Ralph Rizzo Hockey Rink, 121
RCA Victor, 10
Reagan, Ronald, 5
religion, 211
research methods, 6, 7, 242n19; interviewing, 16, 244n39; recruitment of sample, 14–17; sample characteristics, 243nn36, 37
Roger, 141
Roman Catholic High School, 39
Rose, Jabir, 110, 111, 112–15, 168
Roxborough High School, 39
Saint Anne Catholic Church, 27
Saint Anne Catholic School, 156
Saint Francis Inn soup kitchen, 26
Salvation Army, 9, 135, 138, 152
Sam, 150
Sampson, Robert J., 89
selective fathering, 191–92, 200, 226, 262n44. See also father’s involvement
serial fathering, 187–89, 200, 209–10, 226, 262n44. See also multiple partner fertility
Sesame Place, 152
sexual infidelity, 29, 30, 31, 36, 42, 60, 100–101, 195; men’s attitudes toward, 91–93. See also women: men’s mistrust of
single-parent families, study of, 5
Smalls, Montay, 225
social fatherhood, 169–70, 193–97
Sonny Hill Community Involvement League, 193, 194, 196
Sorensen, Elaine, 190, 191, 200, 210, 231, 258n11
substance abuse, 157–58, 188; father’s involvement and, 168, 176, 183, 208–9
Sulzberger Middle School, 34
Tacony Park, 155
Tally’s Corner (Liebow), 211
Tasker Homes housing project, 21, 22, 42, 182
Tastycake, 160
Taylor, Frederick Winslow, 160
Temple University, 79
Terrell, 57–58
Tony, 143
University City High School, 78
unmarried fathers: lack of research on, 5; public perceptions of, 5, 215; and race, 12, 13, 215; rhetoric about, 1–4
unmarried mothers, 16; importance of children to, 76, 81, 211; men’s expectations of, 221; study of, 5. See also Edin, Kathryn; Kefalas, Maria
Urban Villagers (Gans), 210
Vanishing Family, The, 2–4, 241n5, 260n16. See also Moyers, Bill
Vaux High School, 193
visitation rights, 157, 214, 215, 254n1
Wake Forest University, 194
Weber, Ritchie, 155–60, 165, 166, 167, 169, 170–71, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 180, 209, 228
welfare reform, 5
West Philadelphia High School, 34, 35, 57
whites, 244; and birth outside of marriage, 4, 12–13; population of in Elmwood Park, 38; population of in Kensington, 25; reaction to pregnancy, 229; in study group, 15
William (African American father), 54
William (white father), 61
William (white father, Kensington), 97
Williams, David, 41–43, 168, 187, 191, 200, 212
Williams, Ernest, 97–98, 131–39, 144, 146, 151, 152, 205, 207, 208, 223
Williams, Jeff, 83–84, 85, 212
Wilson Park housing project, 42
women: men’s attitudes toward, 251n15; men’s mistrust of, 28, 50, 83–85, 95, 111–12, 169, 204, 205, 253n30, 258n16
Wyeth, Andrew, 132