LONDON

NORMAN’ AND SON, PRINTERS, HART STREET, CUVBNT GARDEN,

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To

THE REV. DR. ERNEST TRUMPP,

REGIUS PROFESSOR OF ORIENTAL LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH, AND ORDINARY MEMBER OF THE ROYAL BAVARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES,

In token of respect for his accurate and profound Oriental scholarship,

from the Translator.

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PREFACE.

In the Sixth Book of the Apostolic Constitutions,* we find a severe censure of certain early works, among which are reckoned ftifiXla airoKpv^a Mo><ric«)9 /cal ’Eiw^, /cal *A Bap, 'Hcratov re /cal Aa/3£8 k . t. \ . “The apocryphal Books of Moses, of Enoch, of Adam, as well as those of Isaiah and David,” etc. Those works, however, do not deserve all that the Apostles are made to say of them.

The apocryphal “ Book of Moses,” there alluded to, is probably the \€ 7 rrf) rivea/,* or “ lesser Genesis," known as having existed of old in Greek, under that name; and also under that of ’Piico/cakxrtyis M., or ret 'lovfirjXata “ the Apocalypse of Moses,” or “ the Book of Jubilees,” quoted by S. Epiphanius,f Geo. Syncellus,J Geo. Cedrenus,§ and others. Of those three titles, ret T ovftrjXala remained little understood, until Dr. Dillmann published in 1859, the Ethiopic Kufale , or “ Liber Jubilasorum so named by him, because throughout the book, said to have been revealed to Moses by “the Angel of the Face,” or Michael—the division of periods of time is by jubilees'of forty-nine—fifty years. The Kufale is often quoted in the notes to this book.

* Ch. xvi, ed. Cotel. t Chronogr vul. i, p. 7, ed. D.

t Hawes xxxix, 6.

§ Hist . Comp., vol. i, p. 9.

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PREFACE.

As to the “ Book of Enoch/' it was known only through a quotation from it by S. Jude v. 14, 15; and after him, from allusions to it by S. Hilarius, S. Clement of Alexandria, Origen, Geo. Syncellus, and others—until it was discovered in Abyssinia by Bruce, who brought several Ethiopic copies of it from thence to Europe; one of which is now in the Bodleian Library. This was published and also translated by Archbishop Lawrence, in 1838. A later and more accurate edition of it was issued by Dr. Dillmann at Leipzig, in 1851, from several MSS. brought from Abyssinia since the days of Bruce ; and it has been translated more than once within the last few years. It is highly interesting, as a work of the probable date of its composition—not long before or after the coming of Christ. It is often quoted in the following pages.

As to the “ Book of Adam/' mentioned in the passage above given from the Apostolic Constitutions, if it is not the Sidra VAdam, also called “ the Book of Adam," of the Mandasans, it .may be B /09 ’ASa/A, “the Life of Adam," alluded to by Geo. Syncellus,* as distinct from the \€7rr^ Yeveaw. It is also said to exist in Syriac and in Arabic, in the Vatican Library; and “ Vita Adae et Evaa " has lately been worked out of the *A-TroKaXinfri^ 'A Safi, and of other documents in Latin, by Dr. W. Meyer, of the Academy of Munich, and published there in 1879.

Lastly, by the apocryphal “Book of Isaiah," is probably meant his “ Ascension," only known in Ethiopic; and published in Ethiopic and in English, by Archbishop Lawrence, at Oxford, in 1819. It dates, probably, from the early days of the Church, and is mentioned by Origen and by S. Epiphanius,f as ro avafiarucov 'Haaiov. It alludes, among other things, to the martyrdom of Isaiah, who was sawn asunder by order of Manasseh.

The present interesting work, however, has little in common with those apocrypha; among which it has no right to take

Citron., vol. i, p. 7.

t H&res., xl, 2 : lxvii, 3.

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PREFACE.

v

place. Whereas they all are apparently of Jewish origin, this “ Conflict of Adam ” is altogether a Christian work, and of a later date than those writings. It is probably the work of some pious and orthodox Egyptian of the fifth or sixth century, who tells his story, or stories—some of which are also found in the Talmud and-thence in the Coran and elsewhere— as they were then believed; adding here and there a good deal of his own. Yet all is told in the simple—to Western taste, perhaps, childish—style of pious Eastern writers of those days. The author’s devout faith runs throughout his narrative ; he seems willing and ready to believe much rather than to doubt; to take things for granted, rather than to question the truth of them.

His object then, is to connect the first Adam with the coming of the second, Christ; five thousand five hundred years* after Adam’s fall in Eden, and in fulfilment of the promise then made him of a Saviour. In our author’s words, Adam holds frequent intercourse with “the Word of God,” who tSlls him of His coming in the flesh in order to save him ; a promise Adam charges his children to remember and to hand down to* their own children. Then, when dead, his body is embalmed, and laid in the Cave of Treasures, where he and Eve had spent their life; it is thence taken by Noah, with the gold, the incense and the myrrh brought from Eden, and laid in the ark; whence it is taken out by Melchizedec after the Flood; and brought by him, together with Shem and an angel sent to show them the way, to “ the Middle of the Earth dji<f>a\b<; tt}? 7979, to the hill “ Cranium,” or Golgotha. There, the rock opens of its own accord to receive the body of Adam, and then closes in again. It is the very spot on which the Saviour’s cross was raised, when He was crucified.

This book, now first translated into English, and that tells much that will be new to most readers—was probably written in Arabic in Egypt; whence it was taken farther south, and

• According to the LXX.

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VI

PREFACE.

translated into Ethiopie. At all events no Greek or Egyptian original of it, is, as yet, known to exist; neither does it betray the least vestige of Hellenism. There is, indeed, a Syriac work of the early Church, called M'arath gaze , “the Cave of Treasures” mentioned by Asseman,* and ascribed to S. Ephrem by the presbyter Simeon,f who lived in the thirteenth century. Judging from its title, it may have much in common with the present work; yet in the absence of all knowledge of that Syriac MS., one can, for the present, only look upon the Arabic copy, written in Egypt, as the probable original. For the Ethiopie version, although written in good style, bears unmistakable marks of an Arabic origin.

It is, of course, as yet impossible to fix with certainty the date of either the Arabic original, or of the Ethiopie translation. Dr. Dillmann, in the preface to his German translation, seems to think this “ Conflict of Adam ” may date from the fifth or sixth century; and there does not seem to be any good reason for thinking otherwise. It is, however, certain that it must have been written before the ninth century; judging from the numerous extracts from it, given word for word, by Said Ibn-Batrik, or Eutychus, physician, and also Melkite Patriarch, who lived in the ninth century; when he wrote his Nazam al-jawahir , or “ String of Gems ” as he called his “ Annals of the World,” from the creation to his own time. It is a work of merit; although, perhaps, too full of stories that cannot be received as authentic.

The present translation was made on the accurate and scholarly Ethiopie edition lately published by the great orientalist Dr. E. Trumpp, Professor at the University of Munich. He had the advantage of the Arabic original which he frequently quotes in his valuable notes, of which I have often availed myself; an advantage the “magnus Apollo,” in Ethiopie lore. Dr. Dillmann, does not seem to have had,

* Bibl. Or., vol. iii, p. 281, and vol. ii, p. 498.

f Ib^ vol. iii, p. 563

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PREFACE . vii

for comparison with the more or less imperfect MSS. on which he made his German translation in 1853.

As the Bthiopic text is irregularly divided in sections,— some of great length, owing to the subject in hand,—I thought more convenient to divide my translation into Books, and chapters, some of which have the same headings as those given in the text.

Book I—takes in the whole life of Adam and Eve, from the day they left Eden ; their dwelling in the Cave of Treasures; their trials and temptations; Satan's manifold apparitions to them, and the Word of God coming to comfort and help them. Then the birth of Cain, of Abel, and of their twin sisters; Cain's love for his own twin sister, Luluwa, whom Adam and Eve wished to join to Abel; hence Cain's hatred and murder of his brother; and Adam's sorrow and death.

Book II—gives the history of the patriarchs who lived before the Flood; the dwelling of the children of Seth on the Holy Mountain—Mount Hermon—until they were lured by Genun and by the daughters of Cain, to come down from the mountain; and as “ fallen angels," to lose God's love for them. Then Cain's death, when slain by Lamech the blind; and the lives of the other patriarchs, until the birth of Noah.

Book III—gives the history of the building of the ark; of the Flood, of the settlement of Noah and his family; and of the carrying of the body of Adam to rf the Middle of the Barth;" the growth of idolatry under Nimrud; the destruction of idols; and the call of Abraham.

Book IV—gives a short history of the patriarchs, judges and kings, from Abraham to the coming of Christ.

The first three Books are by far the most interesting.

The fourth professes to give genealogies that were irretrievably lost; yet somehow, discovered and given in detail by the author. Most of the names are of pure Ethiopic origin, and others are so disfigured as not to be recognized. I have,

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viii PREFACE.

therefore, given them unaltered; as they cannot be of any great moment.

I have only to add that although ^ A ltly obliged to

translate freely sundry passages unfit ior A more accurate rendering, I have yet kept as much as I could to the style of the original, as best in a work of this kind. I have also added a few notes from the Talmud, Midrashim and other Eastern writings, placed at the end of the volume, and numbered, to which reference is made in the text—in order either to illustrate the matter in hand, or to supply details of particular interest.

S. C. MALAN.

The Vicarage, Broadwindsor, July 12 th, 1882.

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"'THE BOOK" OF ADAM AND EVE,

ALSO CALLED

THE CONFLICT OF ADAM AND EVE WITH SATAN.

BOOK I.

In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: One God.

We begin, with the help of God, to whom be glory, the writing of the Conflict of Adam and Eve, that befell them after they had come out of the garden, and while they dwelt in the Cave of Treasures, by command of God the Creator.*

CHAPTER I.

On the third day,+ God planted 1 the garden 2 in the east of the earth, on the border of the world 3 eastward, beyond which, towards the sun-rising, one finds nothing but water, that encompasses the whole world, and reaches unto the borders of heaven

And to the north [of the garden] there is a sea of water, clear and pure to the taste, like unto nothing else; so that,

* The Ethiopic translator adds here — u their Creator and Ruler, to Him by name, the living God, endowed with reason and speech, Creator of all creatures —be glory.’*

t Of the week, Beresh. Bab., sect, i, fol. 18.

J For the most learned work as yet published on the probable site of Eden, see Wo lag das Parodies ? of Dr. F. Delitzsch, 1881.

1

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

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through the clearness thereof, one may look into the depths of the earth.* And when a man washes himself in it, he becomes clean of the cleanness thereof, and white of its whiteness—even if he were dark.f

And God created that sea of His own good pleasure, J for He knew what would come of the man He should make; so that after he had left the garden, on account of his transgression , 5 men should be born in the earth, from among whom righteous ones should die, whose souls God would raise at the last day; when they should return to their flesh; should bathe in the water of that sea, and all of them repent of [their] sins.

But when God made Adam go out of the garden , 6 He did not place him on the border of it northward, lest he should draw near to the sea of water, and he and Eve wash themselves in it, be cleansed from their sins, forget the transgression they had committed, and be no longer reminded of it in the thought§ of their punishment.

Then, again, as to the southern side [of the garden], God was not pleased to let Adam dwell there; because, when the wind blew from the north, it would bring him, on that southern side, the delicious smell of the trees of the garden. Wherefore God did not put Adam there, lest he should smell the sweet smell of [those] trees , 7 forget his transgression, and find consolation for what he had done, take delight in the smell of the trees, and not be cleansed from his transgression . 8

Again, also, because God is merciful and of great pity, and governs all things in a way He alone knows—He made our father Adam dwell in the western border of the garden, because on that side the earth is very broad . 9 And God commanded him to dwell there in a cave in a rock—the Cave of Treasures below the garden . 10

* Lit. world. f Or, black,

t Or> “ with a deliberate plan or purpose of His own.” Arab. § Lit. sound or echo.

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THE GAVE OF TREASURES*

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CHAPTER II.

But when our father Adam, and Eve, went out of the garden, 11 they trod [the ground] on their feet, not knowing they were treading.

And when they came to the opening of the gate of the garden, and saw the broad earth spread before them, [covered] with stones large and small, and with sand, they feared and trembled, and fell on their faces, from the fear that came upon them; and they were as dead.

Because—whereas they had hitherto been in the garden-land, beautiful [1 y planted] with all manner of trees—they now saw themselves, in a strange land, which they knew not, and had never seen. 12

[And] because at that time they were filled with the grace of a bright nature, 13 and they had not hearts [turned] towards earth [ly things].

Therefore had God pity on them; and when He saw them fallen before the gate of the garden, He sent His Word* unto father Adam and Eve, and raised them from their fallen state.t

CHAPTER III.

Concerning the promise J of the great five days and a half.

God said to Adam , €t I have ordained on this earth days and years, and thou and thy seed shall dwell and walk in it, until the days and years are fulfilled; when I shall send the Word that created thee, and against which thou hast transgressed,

* By “the Word of God” throughout this book, is to be understood in general, the second person of the most Hqly Trinity, 6 \6yog (S. John i.)

SHE'D or SHE'D of the Targums and Talmuds also; as abundantly shown in the book Yezvrah (ed. Amst. 1642, p. 84, 89).

t Lit. their fall. t Or, covenant.

1 *

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

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the Word that made thee come out of the garden, and that raised thee when thou wast fallen. Yea, the Word that will again save thee when the five days and a half are fulfilled.”*

But when Adam heard these words from God, and [of] the great five days and a half, he did not understand the meaning of them.

For Adam was thinking that there would be but five days and a half for him, to the end of the world.

And Adam wept, and prayed God to explain it to him.

Then God in His mercy for Adam [who was made after] His own image and similitude, explained to him, that these were 5000 and 500 years; and how One would then come and save him and his seed. 14

But God had before that made this covenant with our father,t Adam, in the same terms, ere he came out of the garden, [when he was] by the tree whereof Eve took [the fruit] and gave it him to eat.

Inasmuch as, when our father Adam came out of the garden, he passed byj that tree, and saw how God had then changed the appearance of it into another form, and how it withered.

And as Adam went to it he feared, trembled and fell down; but God in His mercy lifted him up, and then made this covenant with him.§

And, again, when Adam waa by the gate of the garden, and saw the cherub with a sword of flashing fire in his hand, and the cherub grew angry and frowned at him, both Adam and Eve became afraid of him, and thought he meant to put them to death. So they fell on their faces, and trembled with fear.

But he had pity on them, and showed them mercy; and turning [from them] went up to heaven, and prayed unto the Lord, and said :—

* According to Cod. Nascur. Ill , p. 69, this world is to last from the creation of Adam, 480,000 years. f Or, made this promise to.

J Or, went away from. § Or, made him this promise.

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PROMISE OF A SAVIOUR .

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“ Lord, Thou didst send me to watch at the gate of the garden, with a sword of fire.

“ But when Thy servants, Adam and Eve, saw me, they fell on their faces, and were as dead. 0 my Lord, what shall we do to Thy servants ? ”

Then God had pity on them, and showed them mercy, and sent His Angel to keep the garden.

And the Word of the Lord came unto Adam and Eve, and raised them up.

And the Lord said to Adam, “ I told thee that at the end of five days and a half, I will send my Word and save thee.

“ Strengthen thy heart, therefore, and abide in the Cave of Treasures, of which I have before spoken to thee.”

And when Adam heard this Word from God, he was comforted with that which God had told him. For He had told him how He would save him.

CHAPTER IV.

But Adam and Eve wept for having come out of the garden, their first abode.

And, indeed, when Adam looked at his flesh,* that was altered, he wept bitterly, he and Eve, over what they had done. And they walked and went gently down into the Cave of Treasures.

And as they came to it Adam wept over himself and said to Eve, “ Look at this cave that is to be our prison in this world, and a place of punishment!

“What is it compared with the garden? What is its narrowness compared with the spacef of the other?

“ What is this rock, by the side of those groves ? What is the gloom of this cavern, compared with the light of the garden ?

* Or, body, and so throughout.

t Or, room, breadth.

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“ What is this overhanging ledge of rock to shelter us, compared with the mercy of the Lord that overshadowed us ?

“What is the soil of this cave compared with the garden-land ? This earth, strewed with stones ; and that, planted with delicious fruit-trees V 9

And Adam said to Eve, “Look at thine eyes,and at mine, which afore beheld angels in heaven, praising; and they, too, without ceasing.

“But now we do not see as we did: our eyes have become of flesh ; they cannot see in like manner as they saw before.”

Adam said again to Eve, “ What is our body to-day, [compared] to what it was in former days, when we dwelt in the garden V 3

After this Adam did not like to enter the cave, under the overhanging rock; nor would he ever have entered it.

But he bowed to God's orders ; and said to himself, “ unless I enter the cave, I shall again be a transgressor.”

CHAPTER V.

Then Adam and Eve entered the cave, and stood praying, 15 in their own tongue, unknown to us, but which they knew well.

And as they prayed, Adam raised his eyes, and saw the rock and the roof of the cave that covered [him] overhead, so that he could see neither heaven, nor God's creatures. So he wept and smote heavily upon his breast, until he dropped, and was as dead.

And Eve sat weeping ; for she believed he was dead.

Then she arose, spread her hands towards God, suing Him for mercy and pity, and said, “ 0 God, forgive me my sin, [the sin] which I committed, and remember it not against

me.

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THE CAVE OF TREASURES.

7

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“ For I alone 16 caused Thy servant to fall from the garden into this lost estate ;* from light into this darkness; and from the abode of joy into this prison.

“ O God, look upon this Thy servant thus fallen,f and raise him from his death, that he may weep and repent of his transgression which he committed through me.

“ Take not away his soul this once; but let him [live] that he may stand after the measure of his repentance, and do Thy will, as before his death.

“ But if Thou do not raise him up, then, 0 God, take away my own soul, [that I be] like him; and leave me not in this dungeon, one and alone; for I could not stand alone in this world, but with him [only].

“For Thou, 0 God, didst cause a slumber to come upon him, and didst take a bone from his side, 17 and didst restore the flesh in the place of it, by Thy divine power.

“ And Thou didst take me, the bone, and make me a woman, bright like him, with heart, reason, and speech ; J and in flesh, like unto his own ; and Thou didst make me after the likeness of his countenance, by Thy mercy and power.

“0 Lord, I and he are one, and Thou, 0 God, art our Creator, Thou art [He] who made us both in one day. 18

“ Therefore, 0 God, give him life, that he may be with me in this strange land, while we dwell in it on account of our trangression.

“ But if Thou wilt not give him life, then take me, even me, like him; that we both may die the same day.”§

And Eve wept bitterly, and fell upon our father Adam ; from her great sorrow.

CHAPTER VI.

But God looked upon them; for they had killed themselves through great grief.

* Lit. extinction, destruction, t Kujale, p. 11,12.

f Or, cast down.

§ Lit. with a fervent heart.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

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But He would raise them and comfort them.

He, therefore, sent His Word unto them; that they should stand and be raised forthwith.

And the Lord said unto Adam and Eve, “ You transgressed of your own free will, until you came out of the garden in which I had placed you. Of your own free will have you transgressed 19 through your desire for divinity, greatness, and an exalted state, such as I have; so that I deprived you of the bright nature in which you then were, and I made you come out of the garden to this land, rough and full of trouble.

“ If only you had not transgressed My commandment and had kept My law, and had not eaten of the [fruit of the] tree, near which I told you not to come ! And there were fruit trees in the garden better than that one.

“But the wicked Satan 20 who continued not in his first estate, nor kept his faith; in whom was no good [intent] towards Me, [and who] though I had created him, yet set Me at naught, aud sought the Godhead, so that I hurled him down from heaven,—he it is who made the tree* appear pleasant in your eyes, until you ate of it, by hearkening to him . 21

“ Thus have you transgressed My commandment, and therefore have I brought upon you all these sorrows . 22

“ For I am God the Creator, who, when I created My creatures, did not intend to destroy them. But after they had sorely roused My anger, I punished them with grievous plagues, until they repent.

“But, if on the contrary, they still continue hardened in their transgression,t they shall be under a curse for ever.”

CHAPTER YII.

When Adam and Eve heard these words from God, they wept and sobbed yet more; but they strengthened their hearts

* Whose fruit was either grapes, apple of Paradise, or figs. Beresh. Bab., sect, xiv, fol. 18 .

f Lit. are in debt of it.

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THE CAVE OF TREASURES.

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in God, because they now felt that the Lord was to them like a father and a mother; and for this very reason, they wept before Him, and sought mercy from Him.

Then God had pity on them, and said : “ O Adam, I have made My covenant with thee,* and I will not turn from it; neither will I let thee return to the garden, until My covenant of the great five days and a half is fulfilled."

Then Adam said unto God, “ 0 Lord, Thou didst create us, and make us [fit] to be in the garden; and before I transgressed, Thou madest all beasts come to me, that I should name them.

u Thy grace was then on me; and I named every one according to Thy mind; and Thou madest them all subject unto me. 23

“ But now, 0 Lord God, that I have transgressed Thy commandment, all beasts will rise against me and will devour me, and Eve Thy handmaid; and will cut off our life from the face of the earth.

“ I therefore beseech Thee, OGod, that, since Thou hast made us come out of the garden, and hast made us be in a strange land, Thou wilt not let the beasts hurt us."

When the Lord heard these words from Adam, He had pity on him, and felt that he had truly said that the beasts [of the field] would rise and devour him and Eve, because He, the Lord, was angry with them [two] on account of their transgression.

Then God commanded the beasts, and the birds, and all that moves upon the earth, to come to Adam and to be familiar with him,t and not to trouble him and Eve; nor yet any of the good and righteous among their posterity.

Then the beasts did obeisance to Adam, according to the commandment of God; except the serpent, against which God was wroth. It did not come to Adam, with the beasts.J

* Or, I made thee a promise.

t Or, do obeisance to him ; or to submit to him.

£ Another reading is that God did not bring the serpent, or forbade it to come, with the other beasts, because He was angry with it.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

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CHAPTER VIII.

Then Adam wept and said, te [O] God, when we dwelt in the garden, and our hearts were lifted up, we saw the angels that sang praises in heaven, but now we do not see as we were used to do j 34 nay, when we entered the cave, all creation became hidden from us.”

Then God the Lord said unto Adam, “ When thou wast under subjection [to Me], thou hadst a bright nature within thee , 25 and for that reason couldst thou see things afar off. But after thy transgression thy bright nature was withdrawn from thee; and it was not left to thee to see things afar off, but only near at hand; after the ability of the flesh; for it is brutish.”

When Adam and Eve had heard these words from God, they went their way; praising and worshipping Him with a sorrowful heart.

And God ceased to commune with them.

CHAPTER IX.

Then Adam and Eve came out of the Cave of Treasures, and drew near to the garden gate, and there they stood to look at it, and wept for having come away from it. And Adam and Eve went from before the gate of the garden to the southern side of it, and found there the water that watered the garden, from the root of the Tree of Life, and that parted itself from thence into four rivers over the earth . 5 * 5

Then they came and drew near to that water, and looked at it; and sawf that it was the water that came forth from under the root of the Tree of Life in the garden. And Adam wept and wailed, and smote upon his breast, for being severed from the garden; and said to Eve :—

* Beresk. Bab ., sect, xvi, fol. 18,19 ; and More Nevukim , sect, ii, ch. 30.

f Lit knew.

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THE RIVER OF LIFE.

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i€ Why hast thou brought upon me, upon thyself, and upon our seed, so [many] of [these] plagues and punishments ?” And Eve said unto him, “ What is it thou hast seen, to weep and to speak to me in this wise V*

And he said to Eve, “ Seest thou not this water that was with us in the garden, that watered the trees of the garden, and flowed out [thence] ?

“ And we, when we were in the garden, did not care about it ;* but since we came to this strange land, we love it, and turn it to use for our body/ 1

But when Eve heard these words from him, she wept; and from the soreness of their weeping, they fell into that water; and would have put an end to themselves in it, so as never again to return and behold the creation; for when they looked upon the work of creation, they [felt they must] put an end

to themselves, f

CHAPTER X.

Then God, merciful and gracious, looked upon them thus lying in the water, and nigh unto death, and sent an angel, who brought them out of the water, and laid them on the seashore as dead.

Then the angel went up to God, was welcome, and said, (t [0] God, Thy creatures have breathed their last.”

Then God sent His Word unto Adam and Eve, who raised them from [their] death.

And Adam said, after he was raised, “ 0 God, while we were in the garden we did not [require, or] care for this water; J but since we came to this land we cannot do without it.

* It is said that “ he that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow ” (Eccl. i. 18). So did Adam increase his sorrow when he increased his knowledge. Bere*h. Rob., sect, xix, fol. 20.

t from sorrow at having left the garden so much more heavenly and more beautiful.

% The Ethiopic translator added : “ For Thy mercy was with us; we needed not this water.”

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Then God said to Adam, €t While thou wast under My command and wast a bright angel, thou knewest not this water.* iC But after that thou hast transgressed My commandment, thou canst not do without water, wherein to wash thy body and make it grow; for it is now like [that of] beasts, and is in want of water.”

When Adam and Eve heard these words from God, they wept a bitter cry ; and Adam entreated God to let him return into the garden, and look at it a second time.

But God said unto Adam, “ I have made thee a promise ;f when that promise is fulfilled, I will bring thee back into the garden, thee and thy righteous seed.”

And God ceased to commune with Adam.

CHAPTER XI.

Then Adam and Eve felt themselves burning with thirst, and heat, and sorrow.

And Adam said to Eve, “ We shall not drink of this water, even if we were to die. 0 Eve, when this water comes into our inner parts, it will increase our punishments and that of our children, that shall come after us.”

Both Adam and Eve then withdrew from the water, and drank none of it at all; but came and entered the Cave of Treasures.

But [when in it] Adam could not see Eve; he only heard the noise she made. Neither could she see Adam, but heard the noise he made.

* AutbXovv atrctpicot , capKiK^ diaOeaetog ovirut icatpbv exovreg. Cedren. H. Comp. f p. 14.

1* Al 80 • * ^ have bound thee to Me in a ©ovenant ; when that covenant is fulfilled—

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THE FIRST DARKNESS.

13

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Then Adam wept, in deep affliction, and smote upon his breast; and he arose and said to Eve , €t Where art thou ?”

And she said unto him, “ Lo, I am standing in this darkness.”

He then said to her, “ Remember the bright nature in which we lived, while we abode in the garden ! ”

t€ 0 Eve ! remember the glory* that rested on us in the garden. 26 0 Eve! remember the trees that overshadowed us in the garden while we [moved] among them.

" 0 Eve! remember that while we were in the garden, we knew neither night nor daj. Think of the Tree of Life,f from below which flowed the water, and that shed lustre over us ! Remember, 0 Eve, the garden-land, and the brightness thereof!

“ Think, oh think of that garden in which was no darkness, while we dwelt therein.

“ Whereas no sooner did we come into this Cave of Treasures than darkness compassed us round about; until we can no longer see each other; and all the pleasure of this life has come to an end.”

CHAPTER XII.

Then Adam smote upon his breast, he and Eve, and they mourned the whole night until dawn drew near, and they sighed over the length of the night in Miyazia.J

And Adam beat himself, and threw himself on the ground in the cave, from bitter grief, and because of the darkness, and lay there as dead.

But Eve heard the noise he made in falling upon the earth. And she felt about for him with her hands, and found him like a corpse.

Then she was afraid, speechless, and remained by him.

* Or, grace, favour. Arab.

f “ Whose height was HNE ttfBn a walk of 500 years.’’—

Targ, Jonathan , in Gen. iii. } May.

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But; the merciful Lord looked on the death of Adam, and on Eve's silence from fear of the darkness.

And the Word of God came unto Adam and raised him from his death, and opened Eve's mouth that she might speak.

Then Adam arose in the cave and said, “ 0 God, wherefore has light departed from us, and darkness come over us? Wherefore dost Thou leave us in [this] long darkness ? Why wilt Thou plague us thus ?

“And this darkness, 0 Lord, where was it ere it came upon us ? It is such, that we cannot see each other.

“ For, so long as we were in the garden, we neither saw nor even knew [what] darkness [is]. I was not hidden from Eve, neither was she [hidden] from me, until [now that] she cannot see me; and no darkness came upon us, to separate us from each other.

“ But she and I were both in one bright light. I saw her and she saw me. Yet now since we came into this cave, darkness has come upon us, and parted us asunder, so that I do not see her, and she does not see me.

“ 0 Lord,* wilt Thou then plague us with this darkness ? "

CHAPTER XIII.

Then when God, who is merciful and full of pity, heard Adam's voice, He said unto him:—

“ O Adam, so long as the good angel was obedient to Me, a bright light rested on him and on his hosts.

“ But when he transgressed My commandment, I deprived him of that bright nature, and he became "Hark.

“And when he was in the heavens, in the realms of light, he knew naught of darkness.

* Arab, adds: €< but now be gracious unto us.”

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“ But he transgressed, and I made him fall from heaven upon the earth; and it was this darkness that came upon him.* * * §

“ And on thee, O Adam, while in My garden and obedient to Me, did that bright light rest also.

“ But when I heard of thy transgression,f I deprived thee of that bright light. Yet, of My mercy, I did not turn thee into darkness, but I made thee thy body of flesh, over which I spread this skin, in order that it may bear cold and heat. J

“ If I had let My wrath fall heavily upon thee, I should have destroyed thee ; and had I turned thee into darkness, it would have been as if I killed thee.

t€ But in My mercy, I have made thee as thou art; when thou didst transgress My commandment, O Adam, I drove thee from the garden, and made thee come forth into this land; and commanded thee to dwell in this cave; and darkness came upon thee, as it did upon him who transgressed My commandment.

“ Thus, 0 Adam, has this night deceived thee. It is not to last for ever; but is only of twelve hours; when it is over, daylight will return.

“ Sigh not, therefore, neither be moved; and say not in thy heart that this darkness is long and drags on wearily; and say not in thy heart that I plague thee with it.

" Strengthen thy heart, and be not afraid. This darkness is not a punishment. But, 0 Adam, I have made the day, and have placed the sun in it to give light; in order that thou and thy children should do your work.

“ For I knew thou shouldest sin and transgress, and come out into this land. Yet would I not [force thee, nor] be hard upon thee, nor shut thee up ; nor doom thee through thy fall ;§

* Arab.“ upon them all together/' t.e., Satan and his hosts.

t Arab, reads: “ but when thou didst transgress against me," omitting “I heard.”

J Arab. “ to keep off heat and cold from thee."

§ Dr. Trumpp translates this: “Yet thou wast not forced (or obliged) to transgress; neither did I fasten thee down (seal thee) nor doom thee to the fall.’ ,

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nor through thy coming out from light into darkness; nor yet [through thy coming] from the garden into this land.

“ For 1 made thee of the light; and I willed to bring out children of light from tliee, and like unto thee.

“ But thou didst not keep one day My commandment; until I had finished the creation and blessed everything in it.

“ Then I commanded thee concerning the tree, that thou eat not thereof. Yet I knew that Satan, who deceived himself, would also deceive thee.

“ So I made known to thee by means of the tree, not to come near him.* And I told thee not to eat of the fruit thereof, nor to taste of it, nor yet to sit under it,f nor to yield to it.

iC Had I not been and spoken to thee, 0 Adam, concerning the tree, and had I left thee without a commandment, and thou hadst sinned—it would have been an offence on My part, for not having given [thee] any order; thou wouldst turn round and blame Me [for it].

“ But I commanded thee, and warned thee, and thou didst fall. So that My creaturesJ cannot blame me; but the blame rests on them alone.

“ And, O Adam, I have made the day for thee and for thy children after thee, for them to work, and toil therein. And I have made the night for them to rest in it from their work ; and for the beasts [of the field] to go forth by night and seek their food.

“ But little of darkness now remains, 0 Adam; and daylight will soon appear.”

CHAPTER XIV.

Then Adam said unto God: “ 0 Lord, take Thou my soul, and let me not see this gloom any more; or remove me to some place where there is no darkness.

* t.e., Satan. t Or, haunfc ifc *

% Or works.

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TEE WORD OF GOD TO ADAM.

17

i.]

But God the Lord said to Adam, “ Verily I say unto thee, this darkness will pass from thee, every day I have determined for thee, until the fulfilment of My covenant; when I will save thee and bring thee back again into the garden, into the abode of light thou longest for, wherein is no darkness. I will bring thee to it—in the kingdom of heaven

Again said God unto Adam, “ All this misery that thou hast been made to take upon thee because of thy transgression, will not free thee from the hand of Satan, and will not save thee"

“ But I [will]. When I shall come down from heaven, and shall become flesh of thy seed, and take upon Me the infirmity from which thou sufferest, then the darkness that came upon thee in this cave shall come upon Me in the grave, when I am in the flesh of thy seed.

“ And I, who am without years, shall be subject to the reckoning of years, of times, of months, and of days, and I shall be reckoned as one of the sons of men, in order to save thee."

And God ceased to commune with Adam.*

CHAPTER XV.

Then Adam and Eve wept and sorrowed by reason of God's word to them, that they should not return to the garden until the fulfilment of the days decreed upon them; but mostly because God had told them that He should suffer for their salvation.

CHAPTER XVI.

After this Adam and Eve ceased not to stand in the cave, praying and weeping, until the morning dawned upon them.

* Lit. and God withdrew His Word from Adam.

2

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And when they saw the light returned to them, they restrained from fear, and strengthened their hearts.

Then Adam began to come out of the cave. And when he came to the mouth of it, and stood and turned his face towards the east, and saw the sun rise in glowing rays, and felt the heat thereof on his body, he was afraid of it, and thought in his heart that this flame came forth to plague him.

He wept then, and smote upon his breast, and fell upon the earth on his face, and made his request, saying:—

“ 0 Lord, plague me not, neither consume me, nor yet take away my life from the earth.”

For he thought the sun was God.

Inasmuch as while he was in the garden and heard the voice of God and the sound He made in the garden, and feared Him, Adam never saw the brilliant light of the sun, neither did the flaming heat thereof touch his body.

Therefore was he afraid of the sun when flaming rays of it reached him. He thought God meant to plague him therewith all the days He had decreed for him.

For Adam also said in his thoughts, As God did not plague us with darkness, behold, He has caused [this sun] to rise and to plague us with burning heat.

But while he was thus thinking in his heart, the Word of God came [unto him and said] :—

“ O Adam, arise and stand up. This sun is not God; but it has been created to give light by day, of which I spake unto thee in the cave [saying], ‘that the dawn would break forth, and there would be light by day.*

“ But I am God who comforted thee in the night.”

And God ceased to commune with Adam.

CHAPTER XVII.

Then Adam and Eve came out at the mouth of the cave, and went towards the garden.

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CVESE OF TEE SERPENT.

19

i.]

But as they drew near to it, before the western gate, from which Satan came when he deceived Adam and Eve, they found the serpent that became Satan coming at the gate, and sorrowfully licking the dust, and wriggling on its breast on the ground, by reason of the curse that fell upon it from God . 27

And whereas aforetime [the serpent] was the most exalted of all beasts , 28 now it was changed and become slippery, and the meanest of them all, and it crept on its breast and went on its belly . 29

And whereas it was the fairest of all beasts, it had been changed, and was become the ugliest of them all. Instead of feeding on the best food, now it turned to eat the dust. Instead of dwelling, as before, in the best places, now it lived in the dust.

And, whereas it had been the most beautiful of all beasts, all of which stood dumb at its beauty, it was now abhorred of them.

And, again, whereas it dwelt in one beautiful abode, to which all other animals came from elsewhere ; [and] where it drank, they drank also of the same; now, after it had become venomous, by reason of God's curse, all beasts fled from its abode, and would not drink of the water it drank; but fled from it.

CHAPTER XVIII.

When the accursed serpent saw Adam and Eve, it swelled its head, stood on its tail, and with eyes blood-red, did as if it would kill them.

It made straight for Eve, and ran after her; while Adam standing by, wept because he had no stick in his hand 80 wherewith to smite the serpent, and knew not how to put [it] to death.

But with a heart burning for Eve, Adam approached the

2 *

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serpent, and held it by the tail ; when it turned towards him and said unto him :—

“ O Adam, because of thee and of Eve, I am slippery, and go upon my belly.” Then by reason of its great strength, it threw down Adam and Eve and pressed upon them, as if it would kill them.

But God sent an angel who threw the serpent away from them, and raised them up.

Then the Word of God came to the serpent, and said unto it, “ In the first instance I made thee glib, and made thee to go upon thy belly; but I did not deprive thee of speech.

“ Now, however, be thou dumb ; and speak no more, thou and thy race ; 31 because in the first place, has the ruin My creatures happened through thee, and now thou wishest to kill them.”*

Then the serpent was struck dumb, and spake no more.

And a wind came to blow from heaven by command of God, that carried away the serpent from Adam and Eve, threw it on the sea shore, and it landed in India.

CHAPTER XIX.

But Adam and Eve wept before God. And Adam said unto Him:—

(t O Lord, when I was in the cave, I said this to Thee, my Lord, that the beasts [of the field] would rise and devour me, and cut off my life from the earth.” Then Adam, by reason of what had befallen him, smote upon his breast, and fell upon the earth like a corpse; then came to him the Word of God, who raised him, and said unto him, “ O Adam, not one of these beasts will be able to hurt thee ; because when I made the beasts and other moving things come to thee in the cave, I did not let the serpent come with them, lest it should rise against you, make you tremble; and the fear of it should fall

* Kot top iVTiBvjtriv inro rijv y\G>rrap ovrov, Jos. Ant. Jud. Lib. i, c. i, 4.

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ADAM DESTROYS HIMSELF.

21

i.]

into your hearts. For I knew that that accursed one is wicked; therefore would I not let it come near you with the [other] beasts.

“ But now strengthen thy heart and fear not. I am with thee unto the end of the days I have determined on thee.”

CHAPTER XX.

Then Adam wept and said, “ 0 God, remove us to some other place, that the serpent may not come again near us, and rise against us. Lest it find Thy handmaid Eve alone and kill her; for its eyes are hideous [and] evil.”

But God said to Adam and Eve, “ Henceforth fear not, I will not let it come near you ; I have driven it away from you, from this mountain; neither will I leave in it aught to hurt you.”

Then Adam and Eve worshipped before God and gave Him thanks, and praised Him for having delivered them from death.

CHAPTER XXI.

Then Adam and Eve went in search of the garden.

And the heat beat like a flame on their faces; and they sweated from the heat, and wept before the Lord.

But the place where they wept was nigh unto a high mountain, facing the western gate of the garden.

Then Adam threw himself down from the top of that mountain; his face was torn and his flesh was flayed; much blood flowed from him, and he was nigh unto death.

Meanwhile Eve remained standing on the mountain weeping over him, thus lying.

And she said, u I wish not to live after him; for all that he did to himself was through me.”

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"Then she threw herself after him; and was tom and scotched by stones; and remained lying as dead.

But the merciful God, who looks upon His creatures, looked upon Adam and Eve as they lay dead, and He sent His Word unto them, and raised them.

And said to Adam, “ 0 Adam, all this misery which thou hast wrought upon thyself, will not avail against [My] rule, neither will it alter the covenant of the 5500 years.”

CHAPTER XXII.

Then Adam said to God, “ I wither in the heat; I am faint from walking, and am loth of this world. And I know not when Thou wilt bring me out of it, to rest.”

Then the Lord God said unto him, “ 0 Adam, it cannot be at present, [not] until thou hast ended* thy days. Then shall I bring thee out of this wretched land.”

And Adam said to God, “ While I was in the garden I knew neither heat, nor languor, neither moving about, nor trembling, nor fear; but now, since I came to this land, all this affliction has come upon me.”

Then God said to Adam, “ So long as thou wast keeping My commandment, My light and My grace rested on thee. But when thou didst transgress My commandment, sorrow and misery befell thee in this land.”

And Adam wept and said, “ 0 Lord, do not cut me off for this, neither smite me with heavy plagues, nor yet repay me according to my sin; For we, of our own will, did transgress Thy commandment, and forsook Thy law, and sought to become gods like unto Thee, when Satan the enemyf deceived us.”

Then God said again unto Adam, €t Because thou hast borne fear and trembling in this land, languor and suffering, treading

* Lit. paid, redeemed.

f Lit. hater.

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FIRST OFFERING BY ADAM.

23

1 ]

and walking about,* going upon this mountain, and dying [from it], I will take all this upon Myself in order to save thee.”

CHAPTER XXIII.

First offering made by Adam .

Then Adam wept more and said, “ 0 God, have mercy on me, so far as to take upon Thee, that which I will do.”

But God took His Word from Adam and Eve.

Then Adam and Eve stood on their feet; and Adam said to Eve, “ Gird thyself,f and I also will gird myself.” And she girded herself, as Adam told her. Then Adam and Eve took stones and placed them in the shape of an altar and they took leaves from the trees outside the garden, with which they wiped, from the face of the rock, the blood they had spilled. But that which had dropped on the sand, they took together with the dust [wherewith it was mingled] and offered it upon the altar as an offering unto God.

Then Adam and Eve stood under the altar§ and wept, thus entreating God, “ Forgive us our trespass and our sin, and look upon us with Thine eye of mercy. For when we were in the garden our praises and our hymns went up before Thee without ceasing.

“ But when we came into this strange land, pure praise was no longer ours, nor righteous prayer, nor understanding hearts, nor sweet thoughts, nor just counsels, nor long discernment, nor upright feelings, neither is our bright nature left us. But our body is changed from the similitude in which it was at first, when we were created.

* Arab. * toil, labour.’

f This is the literal rendering in Ethiopic of the Arabic word that means also “ brace, or strengthen thyself.”

£ Lit. of an ark, the middle part of a church in Abyssinia.

§ Lit. the sanctuary or temple; literal rendering of the probable Arabic original. It is a canopy oyer the Holy Table, on which the tabat, or ark, is placed.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

[book

“ Yet now look upon our blood which is offered upon these stones, and accept it at our hands, like the praises we used to sing unto Thee at first, when in the garden.”

And Adam began to make more requests unto God.

CHAPTER XXIV.

Then the merciful God, good and lover of men, looked upon Adam and Eve, and upon their blood, which they had held up as an offering unto Him; without an order from Him [for so doing]. But He wondered at them; and accepted their offerings.

And God sent from His presence a bright fire, that consumed their offering.

He smelt the sweet savour of their offering, and showed them mercy.

Then came the Word of God to Adam, and said unto him, “ 0 Adam, as thou hast shed thy blood, so will I shed My own blood when I become flesh of thy seed; and as thou didst die, O Adam, so also will I die. And as thou didst build an altar, so also will I make for thee an altar on the earth; and as thou didst offer thy blood upon it, so also will I offer My blood upon an altar on the earth.”

“ And as thou didst sue for forgiveness through that blood, so also will I make My blood forgiveness of sins, and blot out transgressions in it.

“ And now, behold, I have accepted thy offering, 0 Adam, but the days of the covenant, wherein I have bound thee, are not fulfilled. When they are fulfilled, then will I bring thee back into the garden.

“ Now, therefore, strengthen thy heart; and when sorrow comes upon thee, make Me an offering, and I will be favourable to thee.”

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FIRST OFFERING BY ADAM.

25

i.]

CHAPTER XXV.

But God knew that Adam had in his thoughts, that he should often kill himself and make an offering to Him of his blood.

Therefore did He say unto him, “ O Adam, do not again kill thyself as thou didst, by throwing thyself down from that mountain.”

But Adam said unto God, “ It was in my mind to put an end to myself at once, for having transgressed Thy commandments, and for my having come out of the beautiful garden; and for the bright light of which Thou hast deprived me; and for the praises which poured forth from my mouth without ceasing, and for the light that covered me.

“ Yet of Thy goodness, 0 God, do not away with me altogether; but be favourable to me every time I die, and bring me to life.

“And thereby it will be made known that Thou art a merciful God, who wiliest not that one should perish; who lovest not that one should fall; and who dost not condemn any one cruelly, badly, and by whole destruction.”

Then Adam remained silent.

And the Word of God came unto him, and blessed him, and comforted him, and covenanted with him, that He would save him at the end of the days determined upon him.

This, then, was the first offering Adam made unto God; and so it became his custom to do.

CHAPTER XXVI.

Then Adam took Eve, and they began to return to the Cave of Treasures where they dwelt. But when they neared it and saw it from afar, heavy sorrow fell upon Adam and Eve when they looked at it.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE. [book

Then Adam said to Eve, “ When we were on the mountain we were comforted by the Word of God that conversed with us ; and the light that came from the east, shone over us.

“ But now the Word of God is hidden from us; and the light that shone over us is so changed as to disappear, and [let] darkness and sorrow come upon us.

“ And we are forced to enter this cave [which is] like a prison, wherein darkness covers us, so that we are parted from each other; and thou canst not see me, neither can I see thee.”

When Adam had said these words, they wept and spread their hands before God; for they were full of sorrow.

And they entreated God to bring the sun to them, to shine on them, so that darkness return not upon them, and they come not again under this covering of rock. And they wished to die rather than see the darkness.

Then God looked upon Adam and Eve and upon their great sorrow, and upon all they had done with a fervent heart, on account of all the [trouble] they were in, instead of their former well-being, and on account of all the misery that came upon them in a strange land.

Therefore God was not wroth with them; nor impatient with them; but He was long-suffering and forbearing towards them, as [towards] the children He had created.

Then came the Word of God to Adam, and said unto him, “ Adam, as for the sun, if I were to take it [and bring it to thee],* days, hours, years and months would all come to naught, and the covenant I have made with thee, would never be fulfilled.

“But thou shouldest then be turned and left in a long plague, and no salvation would be left to thee for ever.

“ Yea, rather, bear long and calm thy soul while thou abidest night and day; until the fulfilment of the days, and the time of My covenant is come.

* Also—“ to withhold it, days,” &c.

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“ Then shall I come and save thee, O Adam, for I do not wish that thou be afflicted.

“And when I look at all the good things in which thou didst live, and why thou earnest out of them, then would I willingly show thee mercy.

“But I cannot alter the covenant that has gone out of My mouth; else would I have brought thee back into the garden.

“When, however, the covenant is fulfilled, then shall I show thee and thy seed mercy, and bring thee into a land of gladness, where there is neither sorrow nor suffering; but abiding joy and gladness, and light that never fails, and praises that never cease; and a beautiful garden that shall never pass away.”

And God said again unto Adam, “Be long suffering and enter the cave, for the darkness of which thou wast afraid, shall only be twelve hours long; and when ended, light shall arise.”

Then when Adam heard these words from God, he and Eve worshipped before Him, and their hearts were comforted* They returned into the cave after their custom, while tears flowed from their eyes, sorrow and wailing came from their hearts, and they wished their soul would leave their body.

And Adam and Eve stood praying, until the darkness of night came upon them, and Adam was hid from Eve, and she from him.

And they remained standing in prayer.

CHAPTER XXVII.

First apparition of Satan to Adam.

When Satan, the hater of all good, saw how they continued in prayer, and how God communed with them, and comforted them, and [how He had] accepted their offering—Satan made>

THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

[book

an apparition. He began with transforming his hosts; in his hands was a flashing fire, and they were in a great light.

He then placed his throne near the mouth of the cave because he could not enter into it by reason of their prayers. And he shed light into the cave, until the cave glistened over Adam and Eve; while his hosts began to sing praises.

And Satan did this, in order that when Adam saw the light, he should think within himself that it was a heavenly light, and that [Satan's] hosts were angels; and that God had sent them to watch at the cave, and to give him light in the darkness.

So that when Adam came out of the cave and saw them, and Adam and Eve bowed to Satan, then he would overcome* Adam thereby, and a second time humble him before God.

When, therefore, Adam and Eve saw the light, fancying it was real, they strengthened their hearts; yet, as they were trembling, Adam said to Eve :—

“ Look at that great light, and at those many songs of praise, and at that host standing outside that do not come in to us, do not tell us what they say, or whence they come, or what is the meaning of this light; what those praises are; wherefore they have been sent hither, and why they do not come in.

“If they were from God, they would come to us in the cave, and would tell us their errand."

Then Adam stood up and prayed unto God with a fervent heart, and said:—

“ O Lord, is there in the world another god than Thou, who created angels and filled them with light, and sent them to keep us, who would come with them ?

“ But, lo we see these hosts that stand at the mouth of the cave; they are in a great light; they sing loud praises. If

* Or, sway.

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SECOND APPARITION OF SATAN

29

!•]

they are of some other god than Thou, tell me; and if they are sent by Thee, inform me of the reason for which Thou hast sent them.”

No sooner had Adam said this, than an angel from God appeared unto him in the cave, who said unto him, “ O Adam, fear not. This is Satan and his hosts ; he wishes to deceive you as he deceived you at first. For the first time, he was hidden in the serpent; but this time he is come to you in the similitude of an angel of light; in order that, when you worshipped him, he might enthrall you, in the very presence of God ”

Then the angel went from Adam, and seized Satan at the opening of the cave, and stripped him of the feint he had assumed, and brought him in his own hideous form to Adam and Eve; who were afraid of him when they saw him.

And the angel said to Adam, “ This hideous form has been his ever since God made him fall [from heaven]. He could not have come near you in it; therefore did he transform himself into an angel of light.”

Then the angel drove away Satan and his hosts from Adam and Eve, and said unto them, “ Fear not; God who created you, will strengthen you.”

And the angel went from them.

But Adam and Eve remained standing in the cave; no consolation came to them; they were divided [in their thoughts].

And when it was morning they prayed; and then went out to seek the garden. For their hearts were towards it, and they could get no consolation for having left it.

CHAPTER XXVIII.

Second apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve .

But when the wily Satan saw them, that they were going to

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the garden, he gathered together his host, and came in appearance upon a cloud, intent on deceiving them.

But when Adam and Eve saw him thus in a vision, they thought they were angels of God come to comfort them about their having left the garden, or to bring them back again into it.

And Adam spread his hands unto God, beseeching Him to make him understand what they were.

Then Satan, the hater of all good, said unto Adam , t€ 0 Adam, I am an angel of the great God; and, behold the hosts that surround me.

t€ God has sent me and them to take thee and bring thee to the border of the garden northwards; to the shore of the clear sea, and bathe thee and Eve in it, and raise you to your former gladness, that ye return again to the garden.”

These words sank into the heart of Adam and Eve.

Yet God withheld His Word from Adam, and did not make him understand at once, but waited to see his strength; whether he would be overcome as Eve was when in the garden, or whether he would prevail.

Then Satan called to Adam and Eve, and said, “ Behold, we go to the sea of water,” and they began to go.

And Adam and Eve followed them at some little distance.

But when they came to the mountain to the north of the garden, a very high mountain, without any steps to the top of it, the Devil* drew near to Adam and Eve, and made them go up to the top in reality, and not in a vision; wishing, as he did, to throw them down and kill them, and to wipe off their name from the earth; so that this earth should remain to him and his hosts alone.

CHAPTER XXIX.

But when the merciful God saw that Satan wished to kill

* Lit. Diabolos.

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SECOND APPARITION OF SATAN.

31

i.]

Adam with his manifold devices, and saw that Adam was meek and without guile, God spake unto Satan in a loud voice, and cursed him.

Then he and his hosts fled, and Adam and Eve remained standing on the top of the mountain, whence they saw below them the wide world, high above which they were. But they saw none of the host which anon were by them.

They wept, both Adam and Eve, before God, and begged for forgiveness of Him.

Then came the Word from God to Adam, and said unto him, “ Know thou and understand concerning this Satan, that he seeks to deceive thee and thy seed after thee.”

And Adam wept before the Lord God, and begged and entreated Him to give him something from the garden, as a token to him, wherein to be comforted. 33

And God looked upon Adatn’s thought, and sent the angel Michael as far as the sea that reaches u nto I ndia, to take from thence golden rods and bring them to Adam.

This did God in His wisdom, in order that these golden rods, being with Adam in the cave, should shine forth with light in the night around him, and put an end to his fear of the darkness.

Then the angel Michael went down by God's order, took golden rods, as God had commanded him, and brought them to God.

CHAPTER XXX.

After these things, God commanded the angel Gabriel to go down to the garden, and say to the cherub who kept it, “ Behold, God has commanded me to come into the garden, and to take thence sweet smelling incense, and give it to Adam.”

Then the angel Gabriel went down by God's order to the garden, and told the cherub as God had commanded him.

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The cherub then said, “ Well.” And [Gabriel] went in and took the incense.

Then God commanded His angel Raphael to go down to the garden, and speak to the cherub about some myrrh, to give to Adam.

And the angel Raphael went down and told the cherub as God had commanded him, and the cherub said, " Well.” Then [Raphael] went in and took the myrrh.

The golden rods were from the Indian sea, where there are precious stones. The incense was from the eastern border of the garden; and the myrrh from the western border, whence bitterness came upon Adam.

And the angels brought these three things to God, by the Tree of Life, in the garden.

Then God said to the angels, “ Dip them in the spring of water; then take them and sprinkle their water over Adam and Eve, that they be a little comforted in their sorrow, and give them to Adam and Eve.

And the angels did as God had commanded them, and they gave all those things to Adam and Eve on the top of the mountain upon which Satan had placed them, when he sought to make an end of them.

And when Adam saw the golden rods, the incense and the myrrh, he was rejoiced and wept because he thought that the gold was a token of the kingdom whence he had come, that the incense was a token of the bright light which had been taken from him, and that the myrrh was a token of the sorrow in which he was.

CHAPTER XXXI.

After these things God said unto Adam, “ Thou didst ask of Me something from the garden, to be comforted therewith, and I have given thee these three tokens as a consolation to thee; that thou trust in Me and in My covenant with thee.

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!•]

THE GOLD, INCENSE AND MYRRH. 33

“ For I will come and save thee; and kings* 33 shall bring me [when] in the flesh, gold, incense and myrrh ; gold as a token of My kingdom ;f incense as a token of My divinity; and myrrh as a token of My sufferings and of My death. 34

“ But, 0 Adam, put these by thee in the cave; the gold that it may shed light over thee by night; the incense, that thou smell its sweet savour; and the myrrh, to comfort thee in thy sorrow.”

When Adam heard these words from God, he worshipped before Him. He and Eve worshipped Him and gave Him thanks, because He had dealt mercifully with them.

Then God commanded the three angels, Michael, Gabriel . and Baphael, each to bring what he had brought, and give it to Adam. And they did so, one by one.

And God commanded Suriyel and Salathiel to bear up Adam and Eve, and bring them down from the top of the high mountain, and to take them to the Cave of Treasures.

There they laid the gold on the south side of the cave, the incense on the eastern side, and the myrrh on the western side. For the mouth of the cave was on the north side.

The angels then comforted Adam and Eve, and departed.

The gold was seventy rods; the incense, twelve pounds; and the myrrh, three pounds.

These remained by Adam in the House J of Treasures; therefore was it called “of concealment.” But other interpreters say it was called the “ Cave of Treasures,” by reason of the bodies of righteous men that were in it.

These three things did God give to Adam, on the third day after he had come out of the garden, in token of the three days the Lord should remain in the heart of the earth.

* Three magi-kings came to worship Him. Tchamitch. Hist. Armen, vol. i, p. 277. See the note at the end of this work.

f i.e., of My being king.

J The word bat, cave, and bet, house, were probably mistaken the one for the other.

3

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE. [book

And these three things, as they continued with Adam in the cave, gave him light by night; and by day they gave him a little relief from his sorrow.*

CHAPTER XXXII.

And Adam and Eve remained in the Cave of Treasures until the seventh day; they neither ate of the fruit of the earth, nor drank water.

And when it dawned on the eighth day, Adam said to Eve, “ 0 Eve, we prayed God to give us somewhat from the garden, and He sent His angels who brought us what we had desired.

“ But now, arise, let us go to the sea of water we saw at first, and let us stand in it, praying that God will again be favourable to us and take us back to the garden; or give us something; or that He will give us comfort in some other land than this in which we are.”

Then Adam and Eve came out of the cave, went and stood on the border of the sea in which they had before thrown themselves, and Adam said to Eve :—

“ Come, go down into this place, and come not out of it until the end of thirty days, when I shall come to thee. And pray to God with a fervent heart and a sweet voice, to forgive us.

“ And I will go to another place, and go down into it, and do like thee.”

Then Eve went down into the water, as Adam had commanded her. Adam also went down into the water; and they stood praying; and besought the Lord to forgive them their offence, and to restore them to their former state.

And they stood thus praying, unto the end of the five-and-thirty days.

* See note 38.

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THIRD APPARITION OF SATAN.

35

CHAPTER XXXIII.

Third apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve.

But Satan, the hater of all good, sought them in the cave, but found them not, although he searched diligently for them.

But he found them standing in the water praying, and thought within himself, “ Adam and Eve are thus standing in that water beseeching God to forgive them their transgression, and to restore them to their former estate, and to take them from under my hand.

“ But I will deceive them so that they shall come out of the water, and not fulfil their vow.”*

Then the hater of all good, went not to Adam, but he went to Eve, and took the form of an angel of God, praising and rejoicing, and said to her:—

“ Peace be unto thee ! Be glad and rejoice ! God is favourable unto yoUj and He sent me to Adam. I have brought him the glad tidings of salvation, and of his being filled with bright light as he was at first.

“ And Adam, in his joy for his restoration, has sent me to thee, that thou come to me, in order that I crown thee with light like him. And he said to me, c Speak unto Eve; if she does not come with thee, tell her of the sign when we were on the top of the mountain; how God sent His angels who took us and brought us to the Cave of Treasures; and laid the gold on the southern side ; incense, on the eastern side; and myrrh on the western side/ Now come to him.”

When Eve heard these words from him, she rejoiced greatly. And thinking that [Satan's] appearancef was real, she came out of the sea.

He went before, and she followed him until they came to Adam. Then Satan hid himself from her, and she saw him no more.

3 *

* Or, desire.

f Lit. sign.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE. [book

She then came and stood before Adam, who was standing by the water and rejoicing in God’s forgiveness.

And as she called to him, he turned round, found her [there] and wept when he saw her, and smote upon his breast; and from the bitterness* of his grief, he sank into the water.

But God looked upon him and upon his misery, and upon his being about to breathe his last. And the Word of God came from heaven, raised him out of the water, and said unto him, u Go up the high bank to Eve.” And when he came up to Eve he said unto her, “ Who said to thee ‘ come hither ? }}}

Then she told him the discourse of the angel who had appeared unto her and had given her a sign.

But Adam grieved, and gave her to know it was Satan. He then took her and they both returned to the cave.

These things happened to them the second time they went down to the water, seven days after their coming out of the garden.

They fasted in the water thirty-five days ; altogether forty-two days since they had left the garden. 35

CHAPTER XXXIY.

And on the morning of the forty-third day, they came out of the cave, sorrowful and weeping. Their bodies were lean, and they were parched from hunger and thirst, from fasting and praying, and from their heavy sorrow on account of their transgression.

And when they had come out of the cave they went up the mountain to the west of the garden.

There they stood and prayed and besought God to grant them forgiveness of their sins.

And after their prayers Adam began to entreat God, saying, u 0 my Lord, my God, and my Creator, Thou didst command

* Lit. greatness.

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the four elements to be gathered together,* and they were gathered together by Thine order.

“ Then Thou spreadest Thy hand and didst create me out of one element, that of dust of the earth; and Thou didst bring me into the garden at the third hour, on a Friday, and didst inform me of it in the cave.

“ Then, at first, I knew neither night nor day, for I had a bright nature; neither did the light in which I lived ever leave me to know night or day.

“ Then, again, 0 Lord, in that third hour in which Thou didst create me. Thou broughtest to me all beasts, and lions, and ostriches, and fowls of the air, and all things that move in the earth, which Thou hadst created at the first hour [before me] of the Friday.

“ And Thy will was that I should name them all, one by one, with a suitable name. But Thou gavest me understanding and knowledge, and a pure heart and a right min^ from Thee, that I should name them after Thine own mind regarding [the naming of them].

“ 0 God, Thou madest them obedient to me, and [didst order] that not one of them break from my sway, according to Thy commandment, and to the dominion which Thou hast given me over them. But now they are all estranged from me.

€t Then it was in that third hour of Friday, in which Thou didst create me, and didst command me concerning the tree, to which I was neither to draw near, nor to eat thereof; for Thou saidst to me in the garden, ‘ When thou eatest of it, of death thou shalt die.*

tc And if Thou hadst punishedf me as Thou saidst, with death, I should have died that very moment. J

“ Moreover, when Thou commandedst me regarding the tree, I was neither to approach nor to eat thereof, Eve was not with me; Thou hadst not yet created her, neither hadst Thou yet

t Lit judged, sentenced.

X Lit. in my hour, or time.

* See note 8.

taken her ont of my side; nor had she yet heard this order from Thee.

“ Then, at the end of the third hour of that Friday, 0 Lord, Thou didst cause a slumber and a sleep to come over me, and I slept, and was overwhelmed in sleep.

“ Then Thou didst draw a rib out of my side, and created it after my own similitude and image. Then I awoke; and when I saw her and knew who she was, I said, € This is bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh; henceforth she shall be called woman.*

“ It was of Thy good will, O God, that Thou broughtest a slumber and a sleep over me, and [that Thou] didst forthwith bring Eve out of my side, until she was out, so that I did not see how she was made; neither could I witness, O my Lord, how awful and great are Thy goodness and glory.

" And of Thy goodwill, 0 Lord, Thou madest us both with bodies of a bright nature, and Thou madest us two, one; and Thou gavest us Thy grace, and didst fill* us with praises of the Holy Spirit; that we should be neither hungry nor thirsty, nor know what sorrow is, nor [yet] faintness of heart; neither suffering, fasting, nor weariness.

“ But now, 0 God, since we transgressed Thy commandment and broke Thy law, Thou hast brought us out into a strange land, and has caused suffering, and faintness, hunger and thirst to come upon us.

“ Now, therefore, 0 God, we pray Thee, give us something to eat from the garden, 36 to satisfy our hunger with it; and something wherewith to quench our thirst.

“ For, behold, many days, 0 God, we have tasted nothing and drunk nothing, and our flesh is dried up, and our strength is wasted, and sleep is gone from our eyes from faintness and weeping.

“ Then, 0 God, we dare not gather aught of the fruit of

* Lit. satisfy.

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trees, from fear of Thee. For when we transgressed at first Thou didst spare us, and didst not make us die.

“ But now, we thought in our hearts, if we eat of the fruit of trees, without God's order. He will destroy us this time, and will wipe us off from the face of the earth.

“ And if we drink of this water, without God's order, He will make an end of us, and root us up at once.

“ Now, therefore, 0 God, that I am come to this place with Eve, we beg Thou wilt give us of the fruit of the garden, that we may be satisfied with it.

“ For we desire the fruit that is on the earth, and all [else] that we lack in it."

CHAPTER XXXV.

Then God looked again upon Adam and his weeping and groaning, and the Word of God came to him, and said unto him :—

t€ 0 Adam, when thou wast in My garden, thou knewest neither eating nor drinking; neither faintness nor suffering; neither leanness of flesh, nor change; neither did sleep depart from thine eyes. But since thou transgressedst, and earnest into this strange land, all these trials are come upon thee.

CHAPTER XXXVI.

Then God commanded the cherub, who kept the gate of the garden with a sword of fire in his hand, to take some of the fruit of the fig-tree, and to give it to Adam.

The cherub obeyed the command of the Lord God, and went into the garden and brought two figs on* two twigs, each fig hanging to its leaf; they were from two of the trees among which Adam and Eve hid themselves when God went to walk

* Lit. and.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE. [book

in the garden, and the Word of God came to Adam and Eve and said unto them, “ Adam, Adam, where art thou ?” And Adam answered, u 0 God, here am I. I hid myself among fig-trees; and when I heard the sound of Thee and Thy voice, I hid myself, because I am naked.”

Then the cherub took two figs and brought them to Adam and to Eve. But he threw them to them from afar; for they might not come near the cherub by reason of their flesh, that could not come near the fire.

At first, angels trembled at the presence of Adam and were afraid of him.* But now Adam trembled before the angels and was afraid of them.

Then Adam drew near and took one fig, and Eve also came in turn and took the other.

And as they took them up in their hands, they looked at them, and knew they were from the trees among which they Lad hidden themselves.

And Adam and Eve wept sore.

CHAPTER XXXVII.

Then Adam said to Eve, “ Seest thou not these figs and their leaves, with which we covered ourselves when we were stripped of our bright nature ? But now, we know not what misery and suffering may come upon us from eating them.

“Now, therefore, 0 Eve, let us restrain ourselves and not eat of them, thou and I; and let us ask God to give us of the fruit of the Tree of Life.”

Thus did Adam and Eve restrain themselves, and did not eat of those figs.

But Adam began to pray to God and to beseech Him to give him of the fruit of the Tree of Life, saying thus : “ O God, when we transgressed Thy commandment at the sixth

* See note 24.

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hour of Friday, we were stripped of the bright nature we had, 37 and did not continue in the garden after our transgression, more than three hours.

“But on the evening Thou madest us come out of it. 0 God, we transgressed against Thee one hour, and all these trials and sorrows have come upon us until this day.

“ And those days together with this the forty-third day, do not redeem* that one hour in which we transgressed !

“ 0 God, look upon us with an eye of pity, and do not requite us according to our transgression of Thy commandment, in presence of Thee.

“ 0 God, give us of the fruit of the Tree of Life, that we may eat of it, and live, and turn not to see sufferings and other [trouble], in this earth; for Thou art God.

“ When we transgressed Thy commandment. Thou madest us come out of the garden, and didst send a cherub to keep the Tree of Life, lest we should eat thereof, and live; and know nothing of faintness after we transgressed.

cc But now, 0 Lord, behold, we have endured all these days, and have borne sufferings. Make these forty-three days an equivalentf for the one hour in which we transgressed.

CHAPTER XXXVIII.

After these things the Word of God came to Adam, and said unto him :—

“ 0 Adam, as to the fruit of the Tree of Life, for which thou askest, I will not give it thee now, but when the 5500 years are fulfilled. Then will I give thee of the fruit of the Tree of Life, and thou shalt eat, and live for ever, thou, and Eve, and thy righteous seed.

* Or, make up for.

f Even with.

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“ But these forty-three days cannot make amends* for the hour in which thou didst transgress My commandment.

“ 0 Adam, I gave thee to eat of the fig-tree in which thou didst hide thyself. Go and eat of it, thou and Eve.

“ I will not denyf thy request, neither will I disappoint thy hope; therefore, bear up unto the fulfilment of the covenant I made with thee.”

And God withdrew His Word from Adam.

CHAPTER XXXIX.

Then Adam returned to Eve, and said to her, “ Arise, and take a fig for thyself, and I will take another; and let us go to our cave.”

Then Adam and Eve took [each a fig] and went towards the cave; the time was about the setting of the sun; and their thoughts made them long to eat of the fruit.

But Adam said to Eve, “ I am afraid to eat of this fig. I know not what may come upon me from it.”

So Adam wept, and stood praying before God, saying, “ Satisfy my hunger, without my having to eat this fig; for after I have eaten it, what will it profit me ? And what shall I desire and ask of Thee, 0 God, when it is gone ? ”

And he said again, “ I am afraid to eat of it; for I know not what will befall me through it.”

CHAPTER XL.

Then the Word of God came to Adam, and said unto him, “ 0 Adam, why hadst thou not this dread, neither this fasting, nor this care ere this ? And why hadst thou not this fear before thou didst transgress ?

* Or, redeem.

t Or, reject, tnrn back.

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GOD GIVES THEM TWO FIGS .

43

i-]

“ But when thou earnest to dwell in this strange land, thy animal body could not be on earth without earthly food, to strengthen it and to restore its powers.”

And God withdrew His Word from Adam.

CHAPTER XLI.

Then Adam took the fig, and laid it on the golden rods. Eve also took Pier] fig, and put it upon the incense. 38

And the weight of each fig was that of a water-melon; for the fruit of the garden was much larger than the fruit of this land.

But Adam and Eve remained standing and fasting the whole of that night, until the morning dawned.

When the sun rose they were at their prayers, and Adam said to Eve, after they had done praying:—

“ 0 Eve, come, let us go to the border of the garden looking south; to the place whence the river flows, and is parted into four heads.* There we will pray to God, and ask Him to give us to drink of the Water of Life.

“ For God has not fed us with the Tree of Life, in order that we may not live. We will, therefore, ask Him to give us of the Water of Life, and to quench our thirst with it, rather than with a drink of water of this land.”t

When Eve heard these words from Adam, she agreed; and they both arose and came to the southern border of the garden, upon the brink of the river of water at some little distance from the garden.

And they stood and prayed before the Lord, and asked Him to look upon them this once, to forgive them, and to grant them their request.

* Or, streams.

t As read by Dillmann, it may also mean, that we may do without the water of this land—or, of this earth.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE. [book

After this prayer from both of them, Adam began [to pray] with [his] voice before God, and said:—

“ 0 Lord, when I was in the garden and saw the water that flowed from under the Tree of Life, my heart did not desire, neither did my body require to drink of it; neither did I know thirst, for I was living; and above that which I am now.

(€ So that in order to live I did not require any Food of Life, neither did I drink of the Water of Life.

“ But now, 0 God, I am dead ; my flesh is parched with thirst. Give me of the Water of Life that I may drink of it and live.

“ Of Thy mercy, 0 God, save me from these plagues and trials, and bring me into another land different from this, if Thou wilt not let me dwell in Thy garden.”

CHAPTER XLIT.

Then came the Word of God to Adam, and said unto him :—>

“ 0 Adam, as to what thou sayest, ‘ Bring me into a land where there is rest/ it is not another land than this, but it is the kingdom of heaven where [alone] there is rest.

“ But thou canst not make thy entrance into it at present; but [only] after thy judgment* is past and fulfilled.

“ Then will I make thee go up into the kingdom of heaven, thee and thy righteous seed; and I will give thee and them the rest thou askest for at present.

“ And if thou saidst, ‘ Give me of the Water of Life that I may drink and live , —it cannot be this day, but on the day that I shall descend into hell, and break the gates of brass, and bruise in pieces the kingdoms of iron.

“ Then will I in mercy save thy soul and the souls of the righteous, [to give them] rest in My garden. And that shall be when the end of the world is come.

* i.e. } thy sentence—or, punishment.

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“ And, again, as regards the Water of Life thou seekest, it will not be granted thee this day ; but on the day that I shall shed My blood upon thy head in the land of Golgotha.

“ For My blood shall be the Water of Life unto thee, at that time, and not to thee alone, but unto all those of thy seed who shall believe in Me; that it be unto them for rest for ever.”

The Lord said again unto Adam, “ 0 Adam, when thou wast in the garden, these trials did not come to thee.

<r But since thou didst transgress My commandment, all these sufferings have come upon thee.

“ Now, also, does thy flesh require food and drink; drink [then] of that water that flows by thee on the face of the earth.”

Then God withdrew His Word from Adam.

And Adam and Eve worshipped the Lord, and returned from the river of water to the cave. It was noon-day ; and when they drew near to the cave, they saw a large fire by it.

CHAPTER XLIII.

Fourth apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve .

Then Adam and Eve were afraid, and stood still. And Adam said to Eve, “ What is that fire by our cave ? We do nothing in it to bring about this fire.

“ We neither have bread to bake therein, nor broth* to cook there. As to this fire, we know not the like, neither do we know what to call it.

“ But ever since God sent the cherub with a sword of fire that flashed and lightened in his hand, from fear of which we fell down and were like corpses [have we not seen the like].

“ But now, O Eve, behold, this is the same fire that was in

* Or, soup, mess, cooking.

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the cherub’s hand, which God has sent to keep the cave in which we dwell.

u O Eve, [it is] because God is angry with us, and will drive us from it.

“ 0 Eve, we have again transgressed [His] commandment in that cave, so that He has sent this fire to [bum] around it, and to prevent us from going into it.*

"If this be really so, 0 Eve, where shall we dwell? and whither shall we flee from before the face of the Lord ? Since, as regards the garden, He will not let us abide in it, and He has deprived us of the good things thereof j but He has placed us in this cave, in which we have borne darkness, trials and hardships, until [at last] we found comfort therein.

“ But now that He has brought us out into another land, who knows what may happen in it ? And who knows but that the darkness of that land may be far greater than the darkness of this land ?

“ Who knows what may happen in that land by day or by night ? And who knows whether it will be far or near, O Eve ? Where it will please God to put us, [may be] far from the garden, O Eve ! or where God will prevent us from beholding Him, because we have transgressed His commandment, and because we have made requests unto Him at all times ?

“ O Eve, if God will bring us into a strange land other than this, in which we find consolation, it must be to put our soulsf to death, and blot out our name from the face of the earth.

“ O Eve, if we are farther estranged from the garden and from God, where shall we find Him again, and ask Him to give us gold, incense, myrrh, and some fruit of the fig-tree ?

“ Where shall we find Him, to comfort us a second time ? Where shall we find Him, that He may think of us, as regards the covenant He has made on our behalf ?” J

* Or, and He will not let us enter into it.

X Or, “ the promise He has made us.*’

t Or, lt us.’

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SATAN TRIES TO BURN THE CAVE.

47

*•]

Then Adam said no more. And they kept looking, he and Eve, towards the cave, and at the fire that flared up around it.

But that fire was from Satan. For he had gathered trees and dry grasses, and had carried and brought them to the cave, and had set fire to them, in order to consume the cave and what was in it.

So that Adam and Eve should be left in sorrow, and he should cut off their trust in God, and make them deny Him.

But by the mercy of God he could not burn the cave,* for God sent His angel round the cave to guard it from such a fire, until it went out.

And this fire lasted from noon-day until the break of day. That was the forty-fifth day.

CHAPTER XLIV.

Yet Adam and Eve were standing and looking at the fire, and unable to come near the cave from their dread of the fire.

An d Satan kept on bringing trees and throwing them into the fire, until the flame thereof rose up on high, and covered the whole cave, thinking, as he did in his own mind, to consume the cave with much fire. But the angel of the Lord was guarding it.

And yet he could not curse Satan, nor injure him by word, because he had no authority over him, neither did he take to doing so with words from his mouth.

Therefore did the angel bear with him, without saying one bad word, until the Word of God came who said to Satan, “ Go hence ; once before didst thou deceive My servants, and this time thou seekest to destroy them.

i( Were it not for My mercy I would have destroyed thee

* The Arabic here adds, “ for God defeated the thoughts of that deceiver, so that the fire did not hurt the cave ; but the angel,” kc.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE. [book

and thy hosts from off the earth. But I have had patience with thee,* unto the end of the world.”

Then Satan fled from before the Lord. But the fire went on burning around the cave like a coal-fire the whole day; which was the forty-sixth day Adam and Eve had spent since they came out of the garden.

And when Adam and Eve saw that the heat of the fire had somewhat cooled down, they began to walk towards the cave to get into it as they were wont; but they could not, by reason of the heat of the fire.

Then they both took to weeping because of the fire that made separation between them and the cave, and that drew towards them, burning. And they were afraid.

Then Adam said to Eve, (€ See this fire of which we have a portion in us : which formerly yielded to us, but no longer does so, now that we have transgressed the limit of creation, and changed our condition, and our nature is altered. But the fire is not changed in its nature, nor altered from its creation. Therefore has it now power over us; and when we come near it, it scorches our flesh.”

CHAPTER XLY.

Then Adam rose and prayed unto God, saying, “ See, this fire has made separation between us and the cave in which Thou hast commanded us to dwell; but now, behold, we cannot go into it.”

Then God heard Adam, and sent him His Word, that said

“ O Adam, see this fire ! how [different] the flame and heat thereof are from the garden of delights and the good things in it !

“ When thou wast under My control, all creatures yielded to

♦ Or, * respited thee.”

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OOD SPEAKS TO ADAM .

*•]

49

thee ; but after thou hast transgressed My commandment, they all rise over thee.”

Again said God unto him, €t See, O Adam, how Satan has exalted thee ! He has deprived thee of the Godhead, and of an exalted state like unto Me, and has not kept his word to thee; but, after all, is become thy foe. It is he who made this fire in which he meant to bum thee and Eve.

“ Why, 0 Adam, has he not kept his agreement with thee, not even one day; but has deprived thee of the glory that was on thee—when thou didst yield to his command ?

“ Thinkest thou, Adam, that he loved thee when he made this agreement with thee ? Or, that he loved thee and wished to raise thee on high ?

“ But no, Adam, he did not do all that out of love to thee; but he wished to make thee come out of light into darkness; and from an exalted state to degradation; from glory to abasement; from joy to sorrow; and from rest to fasting and fainting.”

God said also to Adam, “ See this fire kindled by Satan around thy cave; see this wonder that surrounds thee; and know that it will encompass about both thee and thy seed, when ye hearken to his behest; that he will plague you with fire; and that ye shall go down into hell after ye are dead.

“ Then shall ye see the burning of his fire, that will thus be burning around you and your seed. There shall be no deliverance from it for you, but at My coming; in like manner as thou canst not now go into thy cave, by reason of the great fire [around it] ; [not] until My Word shall come that will make a way for thee on the day My covenant is fulfilled.

t€ There is no way for thee at present to come from hence to rest, not until My Word comes, who is My Word.* Then will He make a way for thee, and thou shalt have rest.” Then God called with His Word to that fire that burned around the

* The Arabic original here reads more definitely: “ not until My voice comes, which is My Word,” i.e., God speaking to us through His Son.

4

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

[book

cave, that it part itself asunder, until Adam had gone through it. Then the fire parted itself by God's order, and a way was made for Adam.

And God withdrew His Word from Adam.

CHAPTER XLVI.

Then Adam and Eve began again to come into the cave.

And when they came to the way between the fire, Satan blew into the fire like a whirlwind, and made on Adam and and Eve a burning coal-fire; so that their bodies were singed; and the coal-fire scorched them.

And from the burning of the fire Adam and Eve cried aloud, and said, “ 0 Lord, save us! Leave us not to be consumed and plagued by this burning fire; neither requite us for having transgressed Thy commandment."

Then God looked upon their bodies, on which Satan had caused fire to burn, and God sent His angel that stayed the burning fire. But the wounds remained on their bodies.

And God said unto Adam, “ See Satan's love for thee, who pretended to give thee the Godhead and greatness; and, behold, he burns thee with fire, and seeks to destroy thee from off the earth.

" Then look at Me, O Adam; I created thee, and how many times have I delivered thee out of his hand ? If not, would he not have destroyed thee ?

God said again to Eve, “ What is that he promised thee in the garden, saying, € At the time ye shall eat of the tree, your eyes will be opened, and you shall become like gods, knowing good and evil.' But lo ! he has burnt your bodies with fire, and has made you taste the taste of fire, for the taste of the garden; and has made you see the burning of fire, and the evil thereof, and the power it has over you.

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THEY BETURN TO THE GAVE.

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" Your eyes have seen the good he has taken from you, and in truth he has opened your eyes; and you have seen the garden in which ye were with Me, and ye have also seen the evil that has come upon you from Satan. But as to the Godhead he cannot give it you, neither fulfil his speech to you. Nay, he was bitter against you and your seed, that will come after you.”

And God withdrew His Word from them.

CHAPTER XLYII.

Then Adam and Eve came into the cave, yet trembling at the fire that had scorched their bodies. So Adam said to Eve:—

“ Lo, the fire has burnt our flesh in this world; but how will it be when we are dead, and Satan shall punish* our souls ? Is not our deliverance long and far off, unless God come, and in mercy to us fulfil His promise ? ”

Then Adam and Eve passed into the cave, blessing themselves for coming into it once more. For it was in their thoughts, that they never should enter it, when they saw the fire around it.

But as the sun was setting the fire was [still] burning and nearing Adam and Eve in the cave, so that they could not sleep in it. After the sun had set, they went out of it. This was the forty-seventh day after they came out of the garden.

Adam and Eve then came under the top of hill byf the garden to sleep, as they were wont.

And they stood and prayed God to forgive them their sins, and then fell asleep under the summit of the mountain.

But Satan, the hater of all good, thought within himself: Whereas God has promised salvation to Adam by covenant, and that He would deliver him out of all the hardships that

* Lit. jndge, or sentence. t Lit. of.

4 *

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have befallen him—but has not promised me by covenant, and will not deliver me out of [my] hardships; nay, since He has promised him that He should make him and his seed dwell in the kingdom in which I [once] was—I will kill Adam. The earth shall be rid of him ; and shall be left to me alone; so that when he is dead he may not have any seed left to inherit the kingdom that shall remain my own realm; God will then be in want of me, and He will restore me to it with my hosts.

CHAPTER XLYIII.

Fifth apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve .

After this Satan called to his hosts, all of which came to him, and said unto him :—

u O, our Lord, what wilt thou do ? "

He then said unto them, “ Ye know that this Adam, whom God created out of the dust, is he who has taken our kingdom. Come, let us gather together and kill him ; or hurl a rock at him and at Eve, and crush them under it.

When Satan's hosts heard these words, they came to the part of the mountain where Adam and Eve were asleep.

Then Satan and his hosts took a huge rock, broad and even, and without blemish, thinking within himself, “ If there should be a hole in the rock, when it fell on them, the hole in the rock might come upon them, and so they would escape and not die."

He then said to his hosts, “ Take up this stone, and throw it flat upon them, so that it roll not from them to somewhere else. And when ye have hurled it, flee and tarry not." And they did as he bid them. But as the rock fell down from the mountain upon Adam and Eve, God commanded it to become a kind of shed over them, that did them no harm. And so it was by God's order.

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ADAM AND EVE JJNDER TEE ROOK.

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But when the rock fell, the whole earth quaked with it, and was shaken from the size of the rock.

And as it quaked and shook, Adam and Eve awoke from sleep, and found themselves under a rock like a shed.* But they knew not how it was; for [when they fell asleep] they were under the sky, and not under a shed; and when they saw it, they were afraid.

Then Adam said to Eve, u Wherefore has the mountain bent [itself], and the earth quaked and shaken on our account? And why has this rock spread itself over us like a tent ?

“ Does God intend to plague us and to shut us up in this prison ? Or will He close .the earth upon us ?

“ He is angry with us for our having come out of the cave, without His order; and for our having done so of our own accord, without consulting Him, when we left the cave and came to this place.”

Then Eve said, " If, indeed, the earth quaked for our sake, and this rock forms a tent over us because of our transgression, then woe be to us, 0 Adam, for our punishment 'will be long.

“ But arise and pray to God to let us know concerning this, and what this rock is, that is spread over us like a tent.”

Then Adam stood up and prayed before the Lord, to let him know about this strait. And Adam thus stood praying until the morning.

CHAPTER XLIX.

Then the Word of God came and said:—

“ 0 Adam, who counselled thee, when thou earnest out of the cave, to comef to this place ? ”

And Adam said unto God, “ 0 Lord, we came to this place

* Tent or awning.

t Lit. and earnest.

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because of the heat of the fire, that came upon us inside the cave.”

Then the Lord God said unto Adam, “O Adam, thou dreadest the heat of fire for one night, but how will it be when thou dwellest in hell ?*

“ Yet, 0 Adam, fear not, neither say in thy heart that I have spread this rock as an awning over thee, to plague thee therewith.

“ It came from Satan, who had promised thee the Godhead and majesty. It is he who threw down this rock to kill thee under it, and Eve with thee, and thus to prevent you from living upon the earth.

“ But, in mercy for you, just as that rock was falling down upon you, I commanded it to form an awning over you; and the rock under you, to lower itself.

“ And this sign, 0 Adam, will happen to Me at My coming upon earth : Satan will raise the people of the Jews to put Me to death ; and they will lay Me in a rock, and seal a large stone upon Me, and I shall remain within that rock three days and three nights.

“ But on the third day I shall rise again, and it shall be salvation to thee, 0 Adam, and to thy seed, to believe in Me. But, 0 Adam, I will not bring thee from under this rock until three days and three nights are passed.”

And God withdrew His Word from Adam.

But Adam and Eve abode under the rock three days and three nights, as God had told them.

And God did so to them because they had left their cave and had come to this same place without God's order.

But, after three days and three nights, God opened the rock and brought them out from under it. Their flesh was dried up, and their eyes and their hearts were troubled from weeping and sorrow.

* Also Arab.: how would it be if thou wert dwelling or abiding in hell ?

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ADAM IN SEARCH OF RAIMENT.

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CHAPTER L.

Then Adam and Eye went forth and came into the Cave of Treasures, and they stood praying in it the whole of that day, until the evening.

And this took place at the end of fifty days after they had left the garden.

But Adam and Eve rose again and prayed to God in the cave the whole of that night, and begged for mercy from Him.

And when the day dawned, Adam said unto Eve, “Come! let us go and do some work for our bodies.”

So they went out of the cave, and came to the northern border of the garden, and they sought something to cover their bodies withal. But they found nothing, and knew not how to do the work. Yet their bodies were stained,* and they were speechless from cold and heat.

Then Adam stood and asked God to show him something wherewith to cover their bodies.

Then came the Word of God and said unto him, “ 0 Adam, take Eve and come to the sea-shore, where ye fasted before. There ye shall find skins of sheep, whose flesh was devoured by lions, and whose skins were left. Take them and make raiment for yourselves, and clothe yourselves withal.

CHAPTER LI.

When Adam heard these words from God, he took Eve and removed from the northern end of the garden to the south of it, by the river of water, where they [once] fasted.

But as they were going in the way, and before they reached that place, Satan the wicked one, had heard the Word of God communing with Adam respecting his covering.

* Lit. dyed.

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It grieved him, and he hastened to the place where the sheep-skins were, with the intention of taking them and throwing them into the sea, or of burning them with fire, that Adam and Eve should not find them.

But as he was about to take them, the Word of God came from heaven, and bound him by the side of those skins until Adam and Eve came near him. But as they neared him they were afraid of him, and of his hideous look.

Then came the Word of God to Adam and Eve, and said to

them, t€ This is he who was hidden in the serpent, and who deceived you, and stripped you of the garment of light and glory in which you were.

€t This is he who promised you majesty and divinity. Where,

then, is the beauty that was on him ? Where is his divinity ? Where is his light ? Where is the glory that rested on him ?

t€ Now his figure is hideous ; he is become abominable among angels; and he has come to be called Satan.

“ O Adam, he wished to take from you this earthly garment of sheepskins, and to destroy it, and not let you be covered with it.

“ What, then, is his beauty that you should have followed him ? And what have you gained by hearkening to him ? See his evil works and then look at Me ; at Me, your Creator, and at the good deeds I do you.

t€ See, I bound him until you came and saw him and beheld his weakness, that no power is left with him."

And God released him from his bonds.

CHAPTER LII.

After this Adam and Eve said no more, but wept before God on account of their creation, and of their bodies that required an earthly covering.

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OOD CLOTHES ADAM AND EVE.

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Then Adam said unto Eve, “ 0 Eve, this [is the] skin of beasts with which we shall be covered. But when we have put it on, behold, a token of death shall have come upon us, inasmuch as the owners of these skins have died, and have wasted away. So also shall we die, and pass away.”

Then Adam and Eve took the skins, and went back to the Cave of Treasures; and when in it, they stood and prayed as they were wont.

And they thought how they could make garments of those skins ; for they had no skill for it.

Then God sent to them His angel to show them howto work it out. And the angel said to Adam, “ Go forth, and bring some palm-thorns.” Then Adam went out, and brought some, as the angel had commanded him.

Then the angel began before them to work out the skins, after the manner of one who prepares a shirt. And he took the thorns and stuck them into the skins, before their eyes.

Then the angel again stood up and prayed God that the thorns in those skins should be hidden, so as to be, as it were, sewn with one thread.

And so it was, by God’s order; they became garments for Adam and Eve, and He clothed them withal. 39

From that time the nakedness of their bodies was covered from the sight of each other’s eyes.

And this happened at the end of the fifty-first day.

Then when Adam and Eve’s bodies were covered, they stood and prayed, and sought mercy of the Lord, and forgiveness, and gave Him thanks for that He had had mercy on them, and had covered their nakedness. And they ceased* not from prayer the whole of that night.

Then when the morn dawned at the rising of the sun, they saidf their prayers after their custom; and then went out of the cave.

* Lit. mored.

t Lit. prayed.

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And Adam said unto Eve, “ Since we know nob what there is to the westward of this cave, let us go forth and see it to-day.” Then they came forth and went towards the western border.

CHAPTER Iilll.

Sixth apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve .

They were not very far from the cave, when Satan came towards them, and hid himself* between them and the cave, under the form of two ravenous lions three days [without food], that came towards Adam and Eve, as if to break them in pieces and devour them.

Then Adam and Eve wept, and prayed God to deliver them from their paws.

Then the Word of God came to them, and drove away [the lions] from them.

And God said unto Adam, “ O Adam, what seekest thou on the western border ? And why hast thou left of thine own accord the eastern border, in which was thy dwelling-place ?

“ Now, then, turn back to thy cave, and remain in it, that Satan do not deceive thee, nor work his purposef upon thee.

“ For in this western border, 0 Adam, there will go from thee a seed, that shall replenish it; and that will defile themselves with their sins, and with their yielding to the behests of Satan, and by following his works.

t€ Therefore will I bring upon them the waters of a flood, and overwhelm them all.* But I will deliver what is left of the righteous among them; and I will bring them to a distant land, and the land in which thou dwellest now shall remain desolate and without one inhabitant in it.”

After God had thus discoursed to them, they went back to

* Arab. “ he stepped, or placed himself.”

t Or, counsel.

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ADAM MEETS THE CHERUB.

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the Cave of Treasures. But their flesh was dried up, and their strength failed from fasting and praying, and from the sorrow they felt at having trespassed against God.

CHAPTER LIV.

Then Adam and Eve stood up in the cave and prayed the whole of that night until the morning dawned. And when the sun was risen they both went out of the cave; their heads wandering from heaviness of sorrow, and they not knowing whither they went.

And they walked thus unto the southern border of the garden. And they began to go up that border until they came to the eastern border [beyond] which there was no [farther] space.

And the cherub who guarded the garden was standing at the western gate, and guarding it against Adam and Eve, lest they should suddenly come into the garden. And the cherub turned round, as if to put them to death; according to the commandment God had given him.

When Adam and Eve came to the eastern border of the garden—thinking in their hearts that the cherub was not watching—as they were standing by the gate as if wishing to go in, suddenly came the cherub with a flashing sword of fire in his hand; and when he saw them, he went forth to kill them. For he was afraid lest God should destroy him if they went into the garden without His order.

And the sword of the cherub seemed to flame afar off. But when he raised it over Adam and Eve, the flame thereof did not flash forth. Therefore did the cherub think that God was favourable to them, and was bringing them back into the garden. And the cherub stood wondering.

He could not go up to Heaven to ascertain God's order regarding their getting into the garden ; he therefore abode

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE. [book

standing by them, unable as he was to part from them; for he was afraid lest they should enter the garden without leave from God, who [then] would destroy him.

When Adam and Eve saw the cherub coming towards them with a flaming sword of fire in his hand, they fell on their faces from fear, and were as dead.

At that time the heavens and the earth shook; and other cherubim came down from heaven to the cherub who guarded the garden, and saw him amazed and silent.

Then, again, other angels came down nigh unto the place where Adam and Eve were. They were divided between joy and sorrow.

They were glad, because they thought that God was favourable to Adam, and wished him to return to the garden; and [wished to] restore him to the gladness he once enjoyed.

But they sorrowed over Adam, because he was fallen like a dead [man], he and Eve; and they said in their thoughts, “ Adam has not died in this place; but God has put him to death, for his having come to this place, and wishing to get into the garden without His leave.”

CHAPTER LV.

Then came the Word of God to Adam and Eve, and raised them from their dead state, saying unto them, “ Why came ye up hither ? Do you intend to go into the garden, from which I brought you out ? It can not be to-day ; but [only] when the covenant I have made with you is fulfilled.”

Then Adam, when he heard the Word of God, and the fluttering of the angels whom he did not see, but only hear the sound of them with his ears, he and Eve wept, and said to the angels:—

“ O Spirits, who wait upon God, look upon me, and upon my

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ADAM SPEAKS TO THE ANGELS.

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being unable to see you! For when I was in my former bright nature, then I could see you. I sang praises as you do; and my heart was far above you.

But now, that I have transgressed, that bright nature is gone from me, and I am come to this miserable state.* And now am I come to this, that I cannot see you, and you do not serve me as you were wont. For I am become animal flesh.

“ Yet now, 0 angels of God, ask God with me, to restore me to that wherein I was formerly; to rescue me from this misery, and to remove from me the sentence of death He passed upon me, for having trespassed against Him.”

Then, when the angels heard these words, they all grieved over him; and cursed Satan who had beguiled Adam, until he came from the garden to misery; from life to death; from peace to trouble; and from gladness to a strange land.

Then the angels said unto Adam, (€ Thou didst hearken to Satan, and didst forsake the Word of God who created thee; and thou didst believe that Satan would fulfil all he had promised thee.

“But now, O Adam, we will make known to thee, what came upon us through him, before his fall from heaven.

“ He gathered together his hosts, and deceived them, promising them to give them a great kingdom, a divine nature; and other promises he made them.

“ His hosts believed that his word was true, so they yielded to him, and renounced the glory of God.

“ He then sent for us—according to the ordersf in which we were—to come under his command, and to hearken to his vain promise. But we would not, and we took not his advice.

“ Then after he had fought with God, and had dealt frowardly with Him, he gathered together his hosts, and made war with us. And if it had not been for God's strength that was with us, we could not have prevailed against him to hurl him from heaven.

* Or, figure.

f Hanks, or dignities.

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“ But when he fell from among ns, there was great joy in heaven, because of his going down from ns. For had he continued in heaven, nothing, not even one angel would have remained in it.

€t But God in His mercy, drove him from among us to this dark earth; for he had become darkness itself and a worker of unrighteousness.

€t And he has continued, 0 Adam, to make war against thee, until he beguiled thee and made thee come out of the garden, to this strange land, where all these trials have come to thee. And death, which God brought upon him he has also brought to thee, 0 Adam, because thou didst obey him, and didst transgress against God.”

Then all the angels rejoiced and praised God, and asked Him not to destroy Adam this time, for his having sought to enter the garden ; but to bear with him until the fulfilment of the promise; and to help him in this world until he was free from Satan's hand.

CHAPTER LVI.

Then came the Word of God to Adam, and said unto him :—

“ O Adam, look at that garden of joy and at this earth of toil, and behold the angels who are in the garden—that is full of them, and [see] thyself alone on this earth, with Satan whom thou didst obey.

“ Yet, if thou hadst submitted, and been obedient to Me, and hadst kept My Word, thou wouldst be with My angels in My

€( But when thou didst transgress and hearken to Satan, thou didst become his guest among his angels, that are full of wickedness; and thou earnest to this earth, that brings forth to thee thorns and thistles.

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GOD SPEAKS TO ADAM.

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" 0 Adam, ask him who deceived thee, to give thee the divine nature he promised thee, or to make thee a garden as I had made for thee; or to fill thee with that same bright nature with which I had filled thee.

“ [Ask him] to make thee a body like the one I made thee, or to give thee a day of rest as I gave thee; or to create within thee a reasonable'soul, as I did create for thee ; or to remove thee hence to some other earth than this one which I gave thee. But, 0 Adam, he will not fulfil even one of the things he told thee.

“ Acknowledge, then. My favour towards thee, and My mercy on thee. My creature; that I have not requited thee for thy transgression against Me, but in My pity for thee I have promised thee that at the end of the great five days and a half I will come and save thee.”

Then God said again to Adam and Eve, “ Arise, go down hence, lest the cherub with a sword of fire in his hand destroy you .”

But Adam's heart was comforted by God's words to him, and he worshipped before Him.

And God commanded His angels to escort Adam [and Eve] to the cave with joy, instead of the fear that had come upon them.

Then the angels took up Adam and Eve, and brought them down from the mountain by the garden, with songs and psalms, until they brought them to the cave. There the angels began to comfort and to strengthen them, and then departed from them towards heaven, to their Creator, who had sent them.

But, after the angels were gone from Adam and Eve, came Satan, with shamefacedness, and stood at the entrance of the cave in which were Adam and Eve. He then called to Adam, and said, €t 0 Adam, come, let me speak to thee.”

Then Adam came out of the cave, thinking he was one of God's angels that was come to give him some good counsel.

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CHAPTER LYII.

Seventh apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve .

But when Adam came out and saw his hideous figure, he was afraid of him, and said unto him, “ Who art thou ?”

Then Satan answered and said unto him, “ It is I, who hid myself within the serpent, and who talked to Eve, and beguiled her until she hearkened to my command. I am he who sent her, through the wiles of my speech, to deceive thee, until thou and she ate of the fruit of the tree, and ye came away from under the command of God.”

But when Adam heard these words from him, he said unto him, t€ Canst thou make me a garden as God made for me ? Or canst thou clothe me in the same bright nature in which God had clothed me ?

" Where is the divine nature thou didst promise to give me ? Where is that fair speech of thine, thou didst hold with us at first, when we were in the garden ? ”

Then Satan said unto Adam, “ Thinkest thou, that when I have spoken to one about anything, I shall ever bring it to him or fulfil my word? Not so. For I myself have never even thought of obtaining what I asked.

“ Therefore did I fall, and did I make you fall by that for which I myself fell; and [with you] also, whosoever accepts my counsel, falls thereby.

“ But now, 0 Adam, by reason of thy fall thou art under my rule,* and I am king over thee; because thou hast hearkened to me, and hast transgressed against thy God. Neither will there be any deliverance from my hands until the day promised thee by thy God.”

Again he said, “ Inasmuch as we do not know the day agreed upon with thee by thy God, nor the hour in which thou

* Sentence, or judgment.

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SATAN’S SPEECH TO ADAM.

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shalfc be delivered, for that reason will we multiply war and murder upon thee and thy seed after thee.

“ This is our will and our good pleasure, that we may not leave one of the sons of men to inherit our orders* in heaven.

“ For as to our abode, 0 Adam, it is in burning fire; and we will not cease our evil doing, no, not one day nor one hour. And I, 0 Adam, shall sow fire upon thee when thou comest into the cave to dwell there.”

When Adam heard these words he wept and mourned, and said unto Eve, “ Hear what he said ; that he will not fulfil aught of what he told thee in the garden. Did he really [then] become king over us ?

“ But we will ask God, who created us, to deliver us out of his hands.”

CHAPTER LVIII.

Then Adam and Eve spread their hands unto God, praying and entreating Him to drive Satan away from them; that he do them no violence, and do not force them to deny God.

Then God sent to them at once His angel, who drove away Satan from them. This happened about sunset, on the fifty-third dayf after they had come out of the garden.

Then Adam and Eve went into the cave, and stood up and turned their faces to the earth, to pray to God.

But ere they prayed Adam said unto Eve, €t Lo, thou hast seen what temptations J have befallen us in this land. Come, let us arise, and ask God to forgive us the sins we have committed ; and we will not come out until the end of the day next to the fortieth. And if we die herein. He will save us.”

Then Adam and Eve arose, and joined together in entreating God.

* Hanks, or stations, f There is confusion of numbers in the text. % Or, trials.

5

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They abode thus praying in the cave; neither did they come out of it, by night or by day, until their prayers went up out of their mouths, like a flame of fire.

CHAPTER LIX.

Eighth apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve.

But Satan, the hater of all good, did not allow them to end their prayers. For he called to his hosts, and they came, all of them. He then said to them, “ Since Adam and Eve, whom we beguiled, have agreed together to pray to God night and day, and to entreat Him to deliver them, and [since they] will not come out of the cave until the end of the fortieth day.

“ And since they will continue their prayers as they have both agreed to do, that He will deliver them out of our hands, and restore them to their [former] state, see what we shall do unto them.” And his hosts said unto him, “ Power is thine, O our Lord, to do what thou listest.”

Then Satan, great in wickedness, took his hosts and came into the cave, in the thirtieth night of the forty days and one; and he smote Adam and Eve, until he left them dead.

Then came the Word of God unto Adam and Eve, who raised them from their suffering, and God said unto Adam, “ Be strong, and be not afraid of him who has just come to thee.”

But Adam wept and said, “ Where wast Thou, 0 my God, that they should smite me with such blows, and that this suffering should come upon us; upon me and upon Eve, Thy handmaid ? ”

Then God said unto him, “ 0 Adam, see, he is lord and master* of all thou hast, he who said, he would give thee

* Or, steward, trustee, patron, master of all thou hast.

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divinity. Where is his love for thee ? And where is the gift he promised ?

“For once has it pleased him, O Adam, to come to thee, to comfort thee, and to strengthen thee, and to rejoice with thee, and to send his hosts to guard thee; because thou hast hearkened to him, and hast yielded to his counsel; and hast transgressed My commandment but has followed his behest ? "

Then Adam wept before the Lord, and said, “0 Lord because I transgressed a little. Thou hast sorely plagued me in return for it, I ask Thee to deliver me out of his hands ; or else have pity on me, and take my soul out of my body now in this strange land.”

Then God said unto Adam, “If only there had been this sighing and praying before, ere thou didst transgress ! Then wouldst thou have rest from the trouble in which thou art now.”

But God had patience with Adam, and let him and Eve remain in the cave until they had fulfilled the forty days.

But as to Adam and Eve, their strength and flesh withered from fasting and praying, from hunger and thirst; for they had not tasted either food or drink since they left the garden; nor were the functions of their bodies yet settled; and they had no strength left to continue in prayer from hunger, until the end of the next day to the fortieth. They were fallen down in the cave; yet what speech escaped from their mouths, was only in praises.

CHAPTER LX.

Ninth apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve.

Then on the eighty-ninth day, Satan came to the cave, clad in a garment of light, 40 and girt about with a bright girdle.

5*

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In his hands was a staff of light, and he lookod most awful: but his face was pleasant and his speech was sweet.

He thus transformed himself in order to deceive Adam and Eve, and to make them come out of the cave, ere they had fulfilled the forty days.

For he said within himself, “Now that when they had fulfilled the forty days* fasting and praying, God would restore them to their [former] estate; but if He did not do so, He would still be favourable to them; and even if He had not mercy on them, would He yet give them something from the garden to comfort them ; as already twice before.”

Then Satan drew near the cave in this fair appearance, and said:—

“ O Adam, rise ye, stand up, thou and Eve, and come along with me, to a good land; and fear not. I am flesh and bones like you; and at first I was a creature that God created.

“ And it was so, that when He had created me. He placed in a garden in the north,* on the border of the world.

“ And He said to me, c Abide here/ And I abode there according to His Word, neither did I transgress His commandment.

“ Then He made a slumber to come over me, and He brought thee, 0 Adam, out of my side, but did not make thee abide by me.

“ But God took thee in His divine hand, and placed thee in a garden to the eastward.

“Then I grieved because of thee, for that while God had taken thee out of my side. He had not let thee abide with me.

“ But God said unto me: ‘ Grieve not because of Adam, whom I brought out of thy side; no harm will come to him.

“ ‘ For now I have brought out of his side a help-meet for him; and I have given him joy by so doing/ ”

Then Satan said again, “ I did not know how it is ye are in

* Lit. of the north; the northern paradise or garden.

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NINTH APPARITION OF SATAN.

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this cave, nor anything about this trial that has come upon you —until God said to me, ( Behold, Adam has transgressed, he whom I had taken out of thy, side, and Eve also, whom I took out of his side; and I have driven them out of the garden; I have made them dwell in a land of sorrow and misery, because they transgressed against Me, and have hearkened to Satan. And lo, they are in suffering unto this day, the eightieth/

“ Then God said unto me, ‘ Arise, go to them, and make them come to thy place, and suffer not that Satan come near them, and afflict them. For they are now in great misery; and lie helpless* from hunger/

u He further said to me, ‘ When thou hast taken them to thyself, give them to eat of the fruit of the Tree of Life, and give them to drink of the water of peace; and clothe them in a garment of light, and restore them to their former state of grace, and leave them not in misery, for they came from thee. But grieve not over them, nor repentf of that which has come upon them/

“ But when I heard this, I was sorry; and my heart could not patiently bear it for thy sake, 0 my child.

“ But, 0 Adam, when I heard the name of Satan, I was afraid, and I said within myself, J I will not come out, lest he ensnare me, as he did my children, Adam and Eve.

€€ And I said, € O God, when I go to my children, Satan will meet me in the way, and war against me, as he did against them/

“ Then God said unto me, € Fear not; when thou findest him, smite him with the staff that is in thine hand, and be not afraid of him, for thou art [of] old [standing], and he shall not prevail against thee/

“ Then I said, € 0 my Lord, I am old, and cannot go. Send Thy angels to bring them/

* Or, prostrate. t Or, regret, grieve over,

t Lit. my thoughts, or mind.

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“ But God said unto me, ‘ Angels, verily, are not like them; and they will not consent to come with them. But I have chosen thee, because they are thy offspring, and like thee, and will hearken to what thou sayest/

“ God said further to me, € If thou hast not strength to walk, I will send a cloud to carry thee and alight thee at the entrance of their cave ; then the cloud will return and leave thee [there].

“ e And if they will come with thee, I will send a cloud to carry thee and them/

“Then He commanded a cloud, and it bare me up and brought me to you; and then went back.

“And now, 0 my children, Adam and Eve, look at my hoar hairs and at my feeble estate, and at my coming from that distant place. Come, come with me, to a place of rest.”

Then he began to weep and to sob before Adam and Eve, and his tears poured upon the earth like water.

And when Adam and Eve raised their eyes and saw his beard, and heard his sweet talk,* their hearts softened towards him; they hearkened unto him, for they believed he was true.

And it seemed to them that they really were his offspring, when they saw that his face was like their own; and they trusted him.

CHAPTER LXI.

Then he took Adam and Eve by the hand, and began to bring them out of the cave.

But when they were come a little way out of it, God knew that Satan had overcome them, and had brought them out ere the forty days were ended, to take them to some distant place, and to destroy them.

Then the Word of the Lord God again came and cursed Satan, and drove him away from them.

* Or, speech.

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QOD SPEAKS TO ADAM AND EVE.

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And God began to speak unto Adam and Eve, saying to them, “ What made you come out of the cave, unto this place ? ”

Then Adam said unto God, “ Didst thou create a man before us ? For when we were in the cave there suddenly came unto us a good old man who said to us, f I am a messenger from God unto you, to bring you back to some place of rest.’

“ And we did believe, 0 God, that he was a messenger from Thee; and we came out with him ; and knew not whither we should go with him.”

Then God said unto Adam, “ See, that is the father of evil arts,* who brought thee and Eve out of the Garden of Delights. And now, indeed, when he saw that thou and Eve both joined together in fasting and praying, and that you came not out of the cave before the end of the forty days, he wished to make your purpose vain, to breakf your mutual bond; to cut off all hope from you, and to drive you to some place where he might destroy you.

“Because he was unable to do aught to you, unless he showed himself in the likeness of you.

“ Therefore did he come to you with a face like your own, and began to give you tokens as if they were all true.J

“ But I in mercy and with the favour I had unto you, did not allow him to destroy you; but I drove him away from you.

“Now, therefore, 0 Adam, take Eve, and return to your cave, and remain in it until the morrow of the fortieth day.§ And when ye come out, go towards the eastern gate of the garden.”

Then Adam and Eve worshipped God, and praised and blessed Him for the deliverance that had come to them from Him. And they returned towards the cave. This happened at eventide of the thirty-ninth day.

* Or, wiles. t Lit. alter.

X i.e., to show you tokens that appeared true. § The fulfilment of the fortieth day.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

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Then Adam and Eve stood up [and] with great zeal,* prayed to God, to be brought out of their wantf of strength; for their strength had departed from them, through hunger and thirst and prayer. But they watched the whole of that night praying, until morning.

Then Adam said unto Eve, “ Arise, let us go towards the eastern gate of the garden as God told us.”

And they said their prayers as they were wont to do every day; and they went out of the cave, to go near to the eastern gate of the garden.

Then Adam and Eve stood up and prayed, and besought God to strengthen them, and to send them something to satisfy their hunger. 41

But when they had ended their prayers, they remained [where they were] by reason of their failing strength.

Then came the Word of God again, and said unto them, t€ 0 Adam, arise, go and bring hither two figs.”

Then Adam and Eve arose, and went until they drew near to the cave.

CHAPTER LXII.

Tenth apparition of Satan to Adam and Eve , about the figs.

But Satan the wicked, was envious, because of the consolation God had given them.J

So he prevented them, and went into the cave and took the two figs, and buried them outside the cave, so that Adam and Eve should not find them. He also had in his thoughts to destroy them.

But by God's mercy, as soon as those two figs were in the earth, God defeated Satan's counsel regarding them; and

• Lit. labour, fervour, or toil. t Lack, or poverty.

X Or, because God had comforted them.

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TENTH APPARITION OF SATAN.

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made them into two fruit-trees, that overshadowed the cave. For Satan had buried them on the eastern side of it.

Then when the two trees were grown, and were covered with fruit, Satan grieved and mourned, and said, “ Better were it to have left those figs as they were; for now, behold, they have become two fruit-trees, whereof Adam will eat all the days of his life. Whereas I had in mind, when I buried them, to destroy them entirely, and to hide them for aye.

“ But God has overturned my counsel; and would not that this sacred fruit should perish; and He has made plain my intention, and has defeated the counsel I had formed against His servants.”

Then Satan went away ashamed, of not having wrought out his design.

CHAPTER LXIII.

But Adam and Eve, as they drew near to the cave, saw two fig-trees, covered with fruit, and overshadowing the cave.

Then Adam said to Eve, “ It seems to me we have gone astray. When did these two trees grow here ? It seems to me that the enemy wishes to lead us astray. Sayest thou that there is in the earth another cave than this ?

“ Yet, 0 Eve, let us go into the cave, and find in it the two figs; for this is our cave, in which we were. But if we should not find the two figs in it, then it cannot be our cave.”

They went then into the cave, and looked into the four corners of it, but found not the two figs.

And Adam wept, and said to Eve, " Are we come to a wrong cave, then, 0 Eve ? It seems to me these two fig-trees are the two figs that were in the cave.” And Eve said, “ I, for my part, do not know.”

Then Adam stood up and prayed and said, “ 0 God, Thou

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didst command us to come back to the cave, to take the two figs, and then to return to Thee.

" But now, we have not found them. 0 God, hast Thou taken them, and sown these two trees, or have we gone astray in the earth; or has the enemy deceived us ? If it be real, then, 0 God, reveal to us the secret of these two trees and of the two figs.”

Then came the Word of God to Adam, and said unto him, “ O Adam, when I sent thee to fetch the figs, Satan went before thee to the cave, took the figs, and buried them outside, eastward of the cave, thinking to destroy them; and not sowing them with good intent.

“ Not for his mere sake, then, have these trees grown up at once; but I had mercy on thee and I commanded them to grow. And they grew to be two large trees, that you be overshadowed by their branches, and find rest; and that I make you see My power and My marvellous works.

“ And, also, to show you Satan’s meanness, and his evil works, for ever since ye came out of the garden, he has not ceased, no, not one day, from doing you some harm. But I have not given him power over you.”

And God said, “ Henceforth, 0 Adam, rejoice on account of the trees, thou and Eve; and rest under them when ye feel weary. But eat not of their fruit, nor come near them.”

Then Adam wept, and said, €i O God, wilt Thou again kill us, or wilt Thou drive us away from before Thy face, and cut our life from off the face of the earth ? •

“ O God, I beseech Thee, if Thou knowest that there be in these trees either death or some other evil, as at the first time,* root them up from near our cave, and wither them; and leave us to die of the heat, of hunger and of thirst.

€t For we know Thy marvellous works, O God, that they are great, and that by Thy power Thou canst bring one thing out

* In the garden.

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of another, without one’s wish.* For Thy power can make rocks to become trees, and trees to become rocks.”

CHAPTER LXIV.

Then God looked upon Adam and upon his strength of mind, upon his endurance of hunger and thirst, and of the heat. And he changed the two fig-trees into two figs, as they were at first, and then said to Adam and to Eve, “Each of you may take one fig.” And they took them, as the Lord commanded them.

And he said to them, “ Go ye into the cave, and eat the figs, and satisfy your hunger, lest ye die.”

So, as God commanded them, they went into the cave, about the time when the sun was setting. And Adam and Eve stood up and prayed at the time of the setting sun.

Then they sat down to eat the figs; but they knew not how to eat them; for they were not accustomed to eat earthly food. They feared also lest, if they ate, their stomach should be burdened and their flesh thickened, and their hearts take to liking earthly food.

But while they were thus seated, -God, out of pity for them, sent them His angel, lest they should perish of hunger and thirst.

And the angel said unto Adam and Eve, “ God says to you that ye have not strength to fast until death; eat, therefore, and strengthen your bodies; for ye are now animal flesh, that cannot subsist without food and drink.”

Then Adam and Eve took the figs and began to eat of them. But God had put into them a mixture as of savoury bread and blood.

Then the angel went from Adam and Eve, who ate of the figs until they had satisfied their hunger. Then they put by what remained; but by the power of God, the figs became full

* Lit. my will, or wish.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE.

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as before, because God blessed them. After this Adam and Eve arose, and prayed with a joyful heart and renewed strength, and praised and rejoiced abundantly the whole of that night. And this was the end of the eighty-third day.

CHAPTER LXY.

And when it was day, they rose and prayed, after their custom, and then went out of the cave.

But as they felt great trouble from the food they had eaten, and to which they were not used, they went about in the cave saying to each other:—

“ What has happened to us through eating, that this pain should have come upon us ? Woe be to us, we shall die! Better for us to have died than to have eaten; and to have kept our bodies pure, than to have defiled them [with food] .”

Then Adam said to Eve, t€ This pain did not come to us in the garden, neither did we eat such bad food there. Thinkest thou, 0 Eve, that God will plague us through the food that is in us, or that our inwards* will come out; or that God means to kill us with this pain before He has fulfilled His promise to us ? ”

Then Adam besought the Lord and said, “ 0 Lord, let us not perish through the food we have eaten. 0 Lord, smite us not; but deal with us according to Thy great mercy, and forsake us not until the day of the promise Thou hast made us.”

Then God looked upon them, and at once fitted them for eating food; as unto this day; so that they should not perish.

Then Adam and Eve came back into the cave sorrowful and weeping because of the alteration in their nature. And they both knew from that hour that they were altered [beings], that their hope of returning to the garden was now cut off; and that they could not enter it.

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i.] GOD GIVES THEM WATER TO DRINK.

For that now their bodies had strange functions; and all flesh that requires food and drink for its existence, cannot be in the garden.

Then Adam said to Eve , t€ Behold, our hope is now cut off; and so is our trust to enter the garden. We no longer belong to the inhabitants of the garden; but henceforth we are earthy and of the dust, and of the inhabitants of the earth. We shall not return to the garden, until the day in which God has promised to save us, and to bring us again into the garden, as He promised us.”

Then they prayed to God that He would have mercy on them; after which, their mind was quieted, their hearts were broken, and their longing was cooled down; and they were like strangers on earth. That night Adam and Eve spent in the cave, where they slept heavily by reason of the food they had eaten.

CHAPTER LXVI.

When it was morning, the day after they had eaten food, Adam and Eve prayed in the cave, and Adam said unto Eve, “ Lo, we asked for food of God, and He gave it. But now let us also ask Him to give us a drink of water.”

Then they arose, and went to the bank of the stream of water, that was on the south border of the garden, in which they had before thrown themselves. And they stood on the bank, and prayed to God that He would command them to drink of the water.

Then the Word of God came to Adam, and said unto him, “ 0 Adam, thy body is become brutish, and requires water to drink. Take ye, and drink, thou and Eve; give thanks and praise.”

Adam and Eve then drew near, and drank of it, until their bodies felt refreshed. After having drunk, they praised God,

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and then returned to their cave, after their former custom. This happened at the end of eighty-three days.

Then on the eighty-fourth day, they took two figs and hung them in the cave, together with the leaves thereof, to be to them a sign and a blessing from God. And they placed them there until there should arise a posterity to them, who should see the wonderful things God had done to them.

Then Adam and Eve again stood outside the cave, and besought God to show them some food wherewith to nourish their bodies.

Then the Word of God came and said unto him, " O Adam, go down to the westward of the cave, as far as a land of dark soil,* and there thou shalt find food.”

And Adam hearkened unto the Word of God, took Eve, and went down to a land of dark soil, and found there wheat growing, in the ear and ripe, and figs to eat; and Adam rejoiced over it.

Then the Word of God came again to Adam, and said unto him, “ Take of this wheat and make thee bread of it, to nourish thy body withal.” And God gave Adam's heart wisdom, to work out the corn until it became bread.

Adam accomplished all that, until he grew very faint and weary. He then returned to the cave; rejoicing at what he had learned of what is done with wheat, until it is made into bread for one's use.

Further details would lengthen too Tnuch the description of them; we therefore cut short [our narrative].

CHAPTER LXVII.

First wonder that happened to Adam and Eve with Satan , respecting the wheat .

But when Adam and Eve went down to the land of black * Or, black mud.

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GOD GIVES THEM WHEAT .

79

i.]

mud, and came near to the wheat God bad showed them, and saw it ripe* and ready for reaping, as they had no sickle to reap it withal—they girt themselves, and began to pull up the wheat, until it was all done. Then they made it into a heap; and, faint from heat and from thirst, they went under a shady tree, where the breeze fanned them to sleep.

But Satan saw what Adam and Eve had done. And he • called his hosts, and said to them, “ Since God has shown to Adam and Eve all about this wheat, wherewith to strengthen their bodies—and, lo, they are come and have made a heap of it, and faint from [the toil] are now asleep—come, let us set fire to [this heap of corn], and burn it, and let us take that bottle of water that is by them, and empty it out, so that they may find nothing to drink, and we kill them with hunger and thirst.

“ Then, when they wake up from their sleep, and seek to return to the cave, we will come to them in the way, and will lead them astray; so that they die of hunger and thirst; when they may, perhaps, deny God, and He destroy them. So shall we be rid of them.”f

Then Satan and his hosts threw fire upon the wheat and consumed it.

But from the heat of the flame Adam and Eve awoke from their sleep, and saw the wheat burning, and the bucket of water by them, poured out.

Then they wept and went back to the cave.

But as they were going up from below the mountain [where they were], Satan and his hosts met them in the form of angels, praising [God].

Then Satan said to Adam, “ O Adam, why art thou so pained with hunger and thirst ? It seems to me that Satan has burnt up the wheat.” And Adam said to him, “ Ay.”

Again Satan said to Adnm, “ Come back with us; we are '

♦ Lit. dry.

f Lit. have rest from them.

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THE BOOK OF ADAM AND EVE .

[book

angels of God. God sent us to thee, to show thee another field of corn, better than that; and beyond it is a fountain of good water, and many trees, where thou shalt dwell near it, and wotk the corn-field to better [purpose] than that which Satan has consumed.”

Adam thought that he was true, and that they were angels who talked with him ; and he went back with them.

Then Satan began to lead astray Adam and Eve eight days, until they both fell down as if dead, from hunger, thirst, and faintness. Then he fled with his hosts, and left them.

CHAPTER LXYIII.

Then God looked upon Adam and Eve, and upon what had come upon them from Satan, and how he had made them perish.

God, therefore, sent His Word, and raised up Adam and Eve from their state of death.

Then, Adam, when he was raised, said, “ 0 God, Thou hast burnt [and taken] from us the corn Thou hadst given us, and Thou hast emptied out the bucket of water. And Thou hast sent Thy angels, who have waylaid us from the corn-field. Wilt Thou make us perish ? If this be from Thee, O God, then take away our souls; but punish us not.”

Then God said to Adam, “ I did not bum down the wheat, and I did not pour the water out of the bucket, and I did not send My angels to lead thee astray.

€t But it is Satan, thy master [who did it]; he to whom thou hast subjected thyself; My commandment being [meanwhile] set aside. He it is, who burnt down the corn, and poured out the water, and who has led thee astray; and all the promises he has made you, verily are but feint, and deceit, and a lie.