Interviews
Alice Stanley (Mrs. Dean) Acheson
David Acheson
Theodore Achilles
James Akins
Joseph Alsop
Patricia (Mrs. Stewart) Alsop
Louis Auchincloss
George Ball
Lucius Battle
Jonathan Bingham
Avis Bohlen (daughter)
Celestine Bohlen
Charles Bohlen, Jr.
Constance Kennan Bradt
Larry Brownell
McGeorge Bundy
Mary Acheson (Mrs. William) Bundy
William Bundy
Benjamin Buttenwieser
Cass Canfield
Wallace Carroll
Abram Chayes
George Christian
Clark Clifford
Chester Cooper
Lloyd Cutler
Dan Davidson
C. Douglas Dillon
Peter Duchin
Elbridge Durbrow
Thomas Ehrlich
George Elsey
Mrs. William Eustis
Barbara Evans
Michael Forrestal
Linda Bird Francke
John Kenneth Galbraith
Leslie Gelb
Gerhard Gesell
Arthur Goldberg
Philip Habib
Morton Halperin
Averell Harriman
Pamela Churchill (Mrs. Averell)
Harriman
J. Randolph Harrison
Kitty Carlisle (Mrs. Moss) Hart
Richard Helms
Loy Henderson
John Hickerson
Roger Hilsman
Richard Holbrooke
Townsend Hoopes
Jeannette Kennan Hotchkiss
John Irwin
William Jackson
Kate (Mrs. Brewster) Jennings
Walter Judd
Milton Katz
Nicholas Katzenbach
George F. Kennan
Kent Wheeler Kennan
Henry Kissinger
Felix Larkin
Marx Leva
Henry Cabot Lodge
Adèle Brown (Mrs. Robert) Lovett
Robert Lovett
Robert S. Lovett II
Cecil Lyon
Ellen McCloy (daughter)
John J. McCloy
John J. McCloy II
Robert McNamara
Harry McPherson
Charles Burton Marshall
Ernest R. May
Kathleen Harriman (Mrs. Stanley)
Mortimer
Paul Nitze
John Ohly
Claude Pepper
Forrest Pogue
Joan Kennan (Mrs. Walter) Pozen
Robert Reams
George Reedy
James Rowe
Dean Rusk
Arthur Schlesinger, Jr.
Marshall Shulman
Benjamin Shute
Hugh Sidey
Theodore Sorensen
William Sullivan
Peter Swiers
Maxwell Taylor
Jane (Mrs. Llewellyn) Thompson
Robert Tufts
Jack Valenti
Cyrus Vance
Richard Wade
Grace Kennan Warnecke
Philip Weiss
Francis Wilcox
Frances Kennan Worobec
Archives
Alice Acheson personal papers, Acheson home, Washington, D.C. Includes daily appointment calendars for 1920-1960.
Dean Acheson papers, Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Includes official letters and papers from his years at the State Department.
Dean Acheson personal papers, Sterling Library, Yale University. Includes personal letters and papers.
Henry H. Arnold papers, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Eben Ayers diary, Truman Library, Independence, Mo.
Charles E. Bohlen personal papers, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Includes letters, papers, and material collected for his memoirs.
Brown Brothers Harriman partners’ files, New York Historical Society, New York City. Includes office files, clippings and correspondence of Averell Harriman, Roland Harriman, and Robert Lovett. Also includes Lovett’s appointment calendar and daily diary from the 1940s.
William Bundy’s unpublished memoir of the Vietnam War. Courtesy of William Bundy, Princeton, N.J.
Council of Foreign Relations archives, New York City. Includes transcripts of meetings, speeches, and study groups.
John Foster Dulles papers, Seeley Mudd Library, Princeton University. Includes correspondence and records of conversations with Bohlen, Kennan, Lovett, and McCloy.
Ferdinand Eberstadt personal papers, Seeley Mudd Library, Princeton University. Includes correspondence with Forrestal and Lovett.
George Elsey papers, Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Includes “Comments on the document entitled ‘American Relations to the Soviet Union,” by Kennan.
James Forrestal papers, Seeley Mudd Library, Princeton University. Includes letters, papers, and the unedited version of his diary.
Groton School Archives, records of Averell Harriman and Dean Acheson, used by permission of families.
Averell Harriman personal papers, Harriman home, Washington, D.C. Includes his letters, financial records, newspaper clippings, official memoranda, and research done for his book Special Envoy. In 1986, the papers were in the process of being transferred to the Library of Congress.
Loy Henderson private papers, Henderson home, Washington, D.C. Includes unpublished six-volume memoirs of his Foreign Service career and personal letters.
Harry Hopkins papers, Roosevelt Library, Hyde Park, N. Y. Includes Harriman and Kennan memos to Hopkins.
Lyndon Johnson papers, Johnson Library, Austin, Tex. Includes correspondence with Acheson, McCloy, Lovett, Harriman, Kennan, and Bohlen, notes of meetings and discussions with Johnson’s foreign policy advisers (the Wise Men).
Joseph Jones papers, Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Includes speech drafts and materials for drafting Truman Doctrine.
George F. Kennan papers, Seeley Mudd Library, Princeton University. Includes personal letters, unpublished journals, drafts of articles and book notes, lectures at the National War College and elsewhere.
George F. Kennan personal papers, privately collected by Joan Kennan Pozen, Washington, D.C. Includes letters home as a child, school and college report cards, other letters, photographs, scrapbook clippings, and Joan Pozen’s interviews with family members.
John F. Kennedy papers, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass. Includes minutes of NSC meetings, minutes of ExCom in Cuban missile crisis, and correspondence with Acheson, Lovett, Harriman, Kennan, Bohlen, and McCloy.
Marx Leva personal papers, Washington, D.C. Includes correspondence with Forrestal.
Robert Lovett Assistant Secretary of War office files, Record Group 107, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
Robert Lovett private scrapbooks, Lovett home, Locust Valley, N. Y. Includes clippings and photographs.
John McCloy Assistant Secretary of War office files, Record Group 107, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
John McCloy private papers, Amherst College. Includes sporadic journals, letters, speeches, newspaper clippings and memoranda. (During research for this book, papers were at McCloy’s law office, his home, and at the Council on Foreign Relations. In 1986, most were in the process of being transferred to Amherst College.)
Frank McNaughton private papers, Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Includes McNaughton’s files as a Time correspondent covering Lovett and Acheson at State Department.
National Archives, Record Group 59, State Department files, Washington, D.C. Includes official papers of Kennan, Harriman, Bohlen, Acheson, and others organized by topic and name.
Paul Nitze personal papers, Arlington, Va. Includes oral histories and correspondence.
Harry B. Price papers, Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Oral histories of men involved in the making of the Marshall Plan, including Kennan, Bohlen, Marshall, and Harriman.
Sidney Souers papers. Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Includes National Security Council memos.
Henry L. Stimson papers, Sterling Library, Yale University. Includes his voluminous diary (available on microfilm), letters, and other papers.
Henry L. Stimson “safe files,” Record Group 107, National Archives, Washington, D.C. The sensitive material relating to the bomb and other projects that was once kept in Stimson’s office safe.
Charles Thayer papers, Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Includes correspondence with Bohlen and Kennan.
Harry Truman papers, Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Includes correspondence with Acheson, Harriman, Lovett, Forrestal, and McCloy.
Oral Histories
Dean Acheson oral history seminars on his State Department years with aides, including Averell Harriman and Paul Nitze, Princeton University, 1952-1953. Microfilm available at the Truman Library, Independence, Mo.
Dean Acheson Oral History, 1964, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Theodore Achilles Oral History, 1973, Truman Library, Independence, Mo.
Joseph Alsop Oral History, 1965, John Foster Dulles papers, Seeley Mudd Library, Princeton University.
Charles Bohlen Oral History, 1960, Columbia Oral History Project, Columbia University.
Charles Bohlen interview, 1953, Truman Library, Independence, Mo. Charles Bohlen Oral History, 1964, John Foster Dulles papers, Seeley Mudd Library, Princeton University.
Charles Bohlen Oral History, 1964, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Chester Bowles Oral History, 1965, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Harvey Bundy interview, 1957, Columbia Oral History Project, Low Library, Columbia University.
William Bundy Oral History, 1969, Johnson Library, Austin, Texas.
Cass Canfield interview, Columbia Oral History Project, Columbia University.
Lucius Clay Oral History, 1965, John Foster Dulles papers, Seeley Mudd Library, Princeton, University.
Chester Cooper Oral History, 1966, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Averell Harriman interview, 1965, Dulles Oral History Project, Princeton University Library.
Averell Harriman Oral Histories, 1969, 1978, Columbia Oral History Project, Columbia University.
Averell Harriman Oral History, 1964, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Averell Harriman Oral History, 1969, Johnson Library, Austin, Texas.
Averell Harriman Oral History, 1971, Truman Library, Independence, Mo.
Averell Harriman Oral History Project, Kennedy Institute of Politics, Harvard University, 1969-1970, conducted by Professors Francis Bator, Ernest May, Charles Maier, and Richard Neustadt. Transcript courtesy of Professor Maier.
Averell Harriman and John McCloy, off-the-record discussion of the origins of the Cold War, 1967, conducted by Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. Transcript from Harriman personal papers, Washington, D.C.
John Hickerson Oral History, 1973, Truman Library, Independence, Mo.
George Kennan Oral History, 1965, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Kennan family interviews, 1972, conducted by Joan Kennan Pozen with George Kennan and his sisters, Pozen private papers, Washington, D.C.
Robert Kennedy Oral Histories, 1964-1965, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Robert Lovett interview by Mark Chadwin, 1968, Harriman private papers, Washington, D.C.
Robert Lovett Oral History, 1964, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Robert Lovett Oral History, 1971, Truman Library, Independence, Mo.
Robert Lovett Oral History, 1975, Columbia Oral History Project, Columbia University.
John McCloy interviews, 1975, CBS News, conducted by Eric Sevareid. Transcript courtesy of CBS News.
John McCloy interviews, “The Decision to Drop the Bomb,” NBC News White Paper, 1964, conducted by Len Giovannitti and Fred Freed. Transcript courtesy of John McCloy.
John McCloy Oral History, 1969, Johnson Library, Austin, Tex.
John McCloy Oral History, 1973, Columbia Oral History project, Columbia University.
John McCloy Oral History, 1983, Defense Department Oral History Project. Transcript courtesy of John McCloy.
John McCloy testimony, Commission on Wartime Relocation, 1981, U.S. Congress, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
Marshall Plan Oral History Project, Low Library, Columbia University.
Leonard Miall Oral History, 1964, Truman Library, Independence, Mo.
Charles Murphy Oral History, 1964, Truman Library, Independence, Mo.
Paul Nitze interviews for the Air Force Oral History Project, 1977, 1981, and the Truman Library, 1975 (not released to public), Nitze private papers, Arlington, Va.
Paul Nitze Oral History, 1971, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Public Broadcasting Service, “The First Fifty Years: U.S.-Soviet Relations, 1934-1984,” television documentary, 1984.
Dean Rusk Oral History, 1981, Duke University, Durham, N.C.
Ted Sorensen Oral History, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
William Sullivan Oral History, 1970, Kennedy Library, Boston, Mass.
Cyrus Vance Oral History, 1969-1970, Johnson Library, Austin, Texas.
Books
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————. Morning and Noon. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965.
————. Present at the Creation. New York: W. W. Norton, 1969.
————. Sketches from Life of Men I Have Known. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1961.
————. Strengthening the Forces of Freedom. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1950.
————. This Vast External Realm. New York: W. W. Norton, 1973.
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————. Rise to Globalism. London: Penguin Press, 1971.
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Armstrong, Hamilton Fish. Fifty Years of Foreign Affairs. New York: Praeger, 1972.
Arnold, Henry H. Global Mission. London: Hutchinson, 1951.
Ashburn, Frank. Fifty Years On. New York: privately printed for Groton School, 1934.
————. Peabody of Groton. New York: Coward-McCann, 1944.
Aswell, Edward. Harvard 1926: The Life and Opinions of a College Class. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1951.
Ball, George. The Past Has Another Pattern. New York: W. W. Norton, 1982.
Barnet, Richard. The Alliance: America-Europe-Japan—Makers of the Postwar World. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983.
————. Roots of War: Men and Institutions Behind U.S. Foreign Policy. Baltimore: Penguin, 1973.
Baruch, Bernard. The Public Years. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960.
Berman, Larry. Planning a Tragedy: The Americanization of the War in Vietnam. New York: W. W. Norton, 1982.
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Blum, John, ed. From the Morgenthau Diaries: Years of War, 1941-1945. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967.
————. The Price of Vision: The Diary of Henry A. Wallace. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1973.
————. Public Philosopher: Selected Letters of Walter Lippmann. New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1985.
Bohlen, Charles. The Transformation of American Foreign Policy. New York: W. W. Norton, 1969.
————. Witness to History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1973.
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Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. The Personality of a Bank. New York: privately published.
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Byrnes, James. All in One Lifetime. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1958.
————. Speaking Frankly. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1947.
Campbell, Persia. Mary Williamson Harriman. New York: Columbia, 1960.
Canfield, Cass. Up and Down and Around. New York: Harper & Row, 1971.
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Chancellor, Paul. The History of The Hill School. Pottstown, Pa.: Hill School, 1976.
Churchill, Winston. Hinge of Fate. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1948.
————. Triumph and Tragedy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1950.
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Cohen, Warren I. Dean Rusk. Totowa, N.J.: Cooper Square Publishers, 1980.
Cooper, Chester. The Lost Crusade: America in Vietnam. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1970.
Council on Foreign Relations. The United States and World Affairs, 1947–48. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1948.
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Davison, W. Phillips. The Berlin Blockade. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1958.
Deane, John R. The Strange Alliance. New York: Viking, 1947.
DeSantis, Hugh. The Diplomacy of Silence. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1979.
Destler, I. M., Leslie Gelb, and Anthony Lake. Our Own Worst Enemy. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984.
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Djilas, Milovan. Conversations with Stalin. London: Pelican Books, 1969.
———. Rise and Fall. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985.
Donovan, Robert. Conflict and Crisis: The Presidency of Harry S. Truman. New York: W. W. Norton, 1977.
———. Tumultuous Years. New York: W. W. Norton, 1982.
Druks, Herbert. Harry S. Truman and the Russians 1945-53. New York: Robert Speller & Sons, 1966.
Eisenhower, Dwight. The White House Years. New York: Doubleday, 1963.
Eveland, Wilbur Crane. Ropes of Sand: America’s Failure in the Middle East. New York: W. W. Norton, 1980.
Farnsworth, Beatrice. William C. Bullitt and the Soviet Union. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1967.
Feis, Herbert. The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1966.
————. Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1960.
————. Churchill Roosevelt Stalin. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1957.
————. From Trust to Terror. New York: W. W. Norton, 1970.
Ferrell, Robert, ed. Off the Record: The Private Papers of Harry S. Truman. New York: Harper & Row, 1980.
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———. Of Law and Life and Other Things That Matter, ed. by Philip Kurland. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1965.
Freeland, Richard. The Truman Doctrine and the Origins of McCarthyism. New York: Knopf, 1972.
FRUS: See U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States.
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———. Strategies of Containment. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982.
———. The U.S. and the Origins of the Cold War. New York: Columbia, 1972.
Galbraith, John Kenneth. Ambassadors Journal. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969.
———. Economics, Peace, and Laughter. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1971.
———. A Life in Our Times. New York: W. W. Norton, 1982.
Gardner, Lloyd. Architects of Illusion. Chicago: Quadrangle, 1970.
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Harriman, Averell. America and Russia in a Changing World. New York: Doubleday, 1971.
————. Peace with Russia? New York: Simon and Schuster, 1959.
Harriman, Averell, and Elie Abel. Special Envoy. New York: Random House, 1975
Harriman, Roland. I Reminisce. New York: Doubleday, 1975.
Havemeyer, Loomis. Go To Your Room! New Haven: Yale University Press, 1960.
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Hodgson, Godfrey. America in Our Time. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1976.
Holly, J. B. Ideas and Weapons. New Haven: Yale, 1953.
Hoopes, Townsend. The Devil and John Foster Dulles. Boston: Little, Brown, 1973.
————. The Limits of Intervention. New York: David McKay, 1969.
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Johnson, Griffith, Jr. The Treasury and Monetary Policy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1939.
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————. Siberia and the Exile System, with an introduction by George F.
Kennan. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958; originally published in 1891.
Kennan, George F. American Diplomacy: 1900-1950. New York: New American Library, 1951.
————. The Cloud of Danger: Current Realities of American Foreign Policy. Boston: Little, Brown, 1977.
————. The Decline of Bismarck’s European Order. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1979.
————. Democracy and the Student Left. Boston: Little, Brown, 1968.
————. The Fateful Alliance: France, Russia and the Coming of the First World War. New York: Pantheon Books, 1984.
————. From Prague After Munich. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968.
————. The Marquis de Custine and His Russia in 1839. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1971.
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————. Memoirs, 1950-1963. Boston: Little, Brown, 1972.
————. The Nuclear Delusion: Soviet-American Relations in the Atomic Age. New York: Pantheon Books, 1982.
————. On Dealing with the Communist World. New York: Harper & Row, 1964.
————. Realities of American Foreign Policy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1954.
————. Russia, the Atom and the West. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1957.
————. Russia and the West Under Lenin and Stalin. Boston: Little, Brown, 1960.
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————. Soviet-American Relations, 1917-1920, Vol. II, The Decision to Intervene. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1958.
————. Soviet Foreign Policy, 1917-1941. Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1960.
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Kurzman, Dan. Day of the Bomb. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985.
————. Genesis 1948. New York: World, 1978.
LaFeber, Walter. America, Russia and the Cold War. New York: John Wiley & Son, 1976.
Landau, Henry. The Enemy Within. New York: G. P. Putnam’s, 1937.
Lash, Joseph, ed. From the Diaries of Felix Frankfurter. New York: W.W. Norton, 1975.
Leahy, William. I Was There. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1950.
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Maddux, Thomas. Years of Estrangement. Tallahassee: University of Florida, 1980.
Manchester, William. American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur, 1880-1964. Boston: Little, Brown, 1978.
————. The Glory and the Dream. Boston: Little, Brown, 1974.
McCloy, John. The Atlantic Alliance: Its Origin and Future. New York: Columbia University Press, 1969.
————. The Challenge to American Foreign Policy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1953.
McLellan, David S. Dean Acheson: The State Department Years. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1976.
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————. Meeting at Potsdam. New York: M. Evans, 1975.
Mikolajczyk, Stanislaw. The Rape of Poland. New York: Whittlesey, 1948.
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Neustadt, Richard. Presidential Power: The Politics of Leadership. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1960.
Nichols, Alcosta. Forty Years More. New York: privately printed for Groton School, 1974.
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————. Strictly Personal and Confidential: The Letters Harry Truman Never Mailed. Boston: Little, Brown, 1982.
Pogue, Forrest C. Education of a General. New York: Viking, 1963.
————. George C. Marshall: Ordeal and Hope. New York: Viking, 1966.
————. George C. Marshall: Organizer of Victory. New York: Viking, 1974.
Pruessen, Ronald W. John Foster Dulles: The Road to Power. New York: The Free Press, 1982.
Rearden, Steven L. History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense: The Formative Years, 1947-50. Washington: Historical Office of the Secretary of Defense, 1984.
Ridgway, Matthew. The Korean War. New York: Doubleday, 1967.
Rogow, Arnold. James Forrestal. New York: Macmillan, 1963.
————. Victim of Duty. London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1966.
Roosevelt, Eleanor. The Autobiography of Eleanor Roosevelt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1961.
Rovere, Richard. The American Establishment and Other Reports, Opinions, and Speculations. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1962.
Rust, William J. Kennedy in Vietnam: American Vietnam Policy, 1960-1963. New York: Scribner’s 1985.
Safire, William. Safire’s Political Dictionary. New York: Random House, 1978.
Salisbury, Harrison. A Journey for Our Times. New York: Harper & Row, 1983.
Sampson, Anthony. The Seven Sisters: The Great Oil Companies and the World They Made. New York: Viking, 1975.
Schandler, Herbert. The Unmaking of a President: Lyndon Johnson and Vietnam. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977.
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr. The Coming of the New Deal. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1958.
————. Robert Kennedy and His Times. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978.
———. A Thousand Days. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965.
Schnabel, James F. United States Army in the Korean War: Policy and Direction, the First Year. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1973.
Schulzinger, Robert D. The Wise Men of Foreign Affairs: The History of the Council on Foreign Relations. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.
Seaborg, Glenn. Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the Test Ban, with a foreword by Averell Harriman. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.
Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Hearings. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1963.
Shepardson, Whitney. Early History of the Council on Foreign Relations. Stamford, Conn.: Overbrook Press, 1960.
Sherwin, Martin. A World Destroyed. New York: Knopf, 1975.
Sherwood, Robert. Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1948.
Shulman, Marshall. Stalin’s Foreign Policy Reappraised. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1963.
Smith, Gaddis. American Secretaries of State and Their Diplomacy: Dean Acheson. New York: Cooper Square Publishers, 1972.
Smith, Jean Edward, ed. The Papers of General Lucius D. Clay: Germany 1945-49. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1974.
Solberg, Carl. Hubert Humphrey. New York: W. W. Norton, 1984.
Sorensen, Theodore. Kennedy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965.
Standley, William, and Arthur Ageton. Admiral Ambassador to Russia. Chicago: Regnery, 1955.
Steams, Alfred E. The Education of the Modern Boy. Boston: Little, Brown, 1928.
Steel, Ronald. Imperialists and Other Heroes. New York: Random House, 1971.
————. Walter Lippmann and the American Century. Boston: Little, Brown, 1980.
Stettinius, Edward. Roosevelt and the Russians. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1949.
Stimson, Henry, and McGeorge Bundy. On Active Service in Peace and War. New York: Harper, 1947.
Sullivan, Arthur. The Law at Harvard. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967.
Sullivan, William. Obbligato: Notes on a Foreign Service Career. New York: W. W. Norton, 1984.
Sulzberger, C. L. An Age of Mediocrity. New York: Macmillan, 1973.
———. A Long Row of Candles: Memoirs and Diaries, 1934-1954. New York: Macmillan, 1969.
————. Seven Continents and 40 Years. New York: Quadrangle, 1977.
Swaine, Robert. The Cravath Firm. New York: privately printed for Cravath, Swaine and Moore law firm, 1948.
Talbott, Strobe. Deadly Gambits. New York: Knopf, 1984.
Talbott, Strobe, trans. Khrushchev Remembers. Boston: Little, Brown, 1970.
Thayer, Charles. Bears in the Caviar. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1950.
————. Diplomat. New York: Harper, 1959.
Thomas, Gordon, and Max Morgan-Witts. Enola Gay. New York: Pocket Books, 1978.
Truman, Harry. Letters Home, Monte Poen, ed. New York: G. P. Putnam’s, 1984.
————. Year of Decisions. New York: Doubleday, 1955.
————. Years of Trial and Hope. New York: Doubleday, 1956.
Truman, Margaret. Harry S. Truman. New York: William Morrow, 1973.
Tucker, Nancy Bernkopf. Patterns in the Dust: Chinese-American Relations and the Recognition Controversy, 1949-1950. New York: Columbia University Press, 1983.
Tucker, Robert, and William Watts, eds. Beyond Containment: U.S. Foreign Policy in Transition. Washington: Potomac Associates, 1973.
Tully, Grace. F.D.R. My Boss. New York: Scribner’s, 1949.
Ulam, Adam. Expansion and Coexistence. New York: Praeger, 1968.
U.S. Commission on Wartime Relocation. Personal Justice Denied. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1983.
U.S. Department of State. Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS). Series of volumes that include declassified cables and papers from each year or major international conference, usually published twenty years later. Washington: Government Printing Office.
U.S. Department of State. State Department Policy Planning Staff Papers. New York: Garland Publishing, 1983.
U.S. Select Congressional Committee on the Katyn Forest Massacre. Report. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1952.
U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey. The Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1945.
Vance, Cyrus. Hard Choices. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983.
Vandenberg, Arthur, Jr., ed. The Private Papers of Senator Vandenberg. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972.
Views from the Circle (a collection of Groton graduates). Groton: privately printed, 1960.
Warburg, James. The Money Muddle. New York: Knopf, 1934.
Weil, Martin. A Pretty Good Club. New York: W. W. Norton, 1978.
Weisberger, Bernard. Cold War Cold Peace. New York: American Heritage, 1985.
White, Theodore H. America in Search of Itself. New York: Harper & Row, 1982.
————. Fire in the Ashes. New York: William Sloane Associates, 1953.
————. In Search of History. New York: Harper & Row, 1982.
Williams, William Appleman. The Tragedy of American Diplomacy. New York: Dell, 1962.
Wooley, Knight. In Retrospect: A Very Personal Memoir. New York: privately printed.
Wyden, Peter. Day One. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984.
Wyman, David. The Abandonment of the Jews. New York: Pantheon, 1984.
Yergin, Daniel. Shattered Peace: The Origins of the Cold War and the National Security State. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977.
Articles
Acheson, Dean. “Dean Acheson’s Version of Robert Kennedy’s Version of the Cuban Missile Crisis.” Esquire (February 1969).
———. “Radiant Morn.” Saturday Evening Post (Dec. 15, 1962).
———. “Random Harvest.” Department of State Bulletin (June 16, 1946).
———. “The Snob in America.” The Grotonian (June 1911).
———. “The Illusion of Disengagement.” Foreign Affairs (April 1958).
Acheson, Dean, David Lilienthal, John McCloy, and others. “A Report on the International Control of Atomic Energy.” Washington: Government Printing Office, March 17, 1946.
Alsop, Stewart, and Charles Bartlett. “In Time of Crisis.” The Saturday Evening Post (Dec. 8, 1962).
American Journal of International Law. “U.S.-Norway Arbitration Award” (1923).
Arneson, R. Gordon. “The H-Bomb Decision.” Foreign Service Journal (May 1969).
Baldwin, Ray. “Reminiscences of Middletown.” Middlesex County Historical Society: privately printed, 1969.
Barcella, Ernest. “The American Who Knows Stalin Best,” a profile of Harriman. Colliers (May 3, 1952).
Berger, Marilyn. “An Appeal for Thought,” an interview with Kennan. New York Times Magazine (May 7, 1978).
Biddle, George. “As I Remember Groton School.” Harper’s Magazine (August 1939)
Bigart, Homer. “Pentagon Pitfalls,” profile of Lovett. New York Herald Tribune (December 23, 1952).
Bohlen, Charles. “American Aid in Restoring the European Community.” Department of State Bulletin (January 18, 1948).
———. “The American Course in Foreign Affairs.” Department of State Bulletin (February 6, 1949).
———. “Creating Situations of Strength.” Department of State Bulletin (August 4, 1952.
———. “The North Atlantic Pact.” Department of State Bulletin (April 3, 1949).
Brandon, Henry. “Very Much the Ambassador at Large,” a profile of Harriman. New York Times Magazine (Mar. 5, 1967).
Brinkley, Alan. “Minister Without Portfolio—The Most Influential Private Citizen in America: The Life and Times of John McCloy.” Harper’s Magazine (February 1983).
Bumiller, Elisabeth. “Pamela Harriman.” Washington Post (June 12, 1983).
Burch, Gilbert. “The Guns, Butter, and Then-some Economy.” Fortune (October 1965).
Chase, Edward. “The Decision Not to Bomb Auschwitz,” private paper (courtesy of John McCloy).
Clifford, Clark. “A Vietnam Reappraisal: The Personal History of One Man’s View and How It Evolved.” Foreign Affairs (July 1969).
Cohen, Warren. “Acheson, His Advisers, and China, 1949-50,” in Berg and Heinrichs, eds., Uncertain Years: Chinese-American Relations, 1947-50. New York: Columbia University Press, 1980.
Collier’s. “Averell Harriman.” June 30, 1950.
Elson, Robert. “The New Strategy in Foreign Policy.” Fortune (December 1947).
Forbes, B. C. “New Business Star: Harriman II.” Forbes (Oct. 30, 1920).
Foreman, Laura. “Pamela Harriman’s Role.” The New York Times (Mar. 2, 1977)
Fortune. “Averell Was Quite a Businessman Too.” May 8, 1978.
———. “Secretary Acheson.” April 1949.
Fritchey, Clayton. “The Establishment.” New York Post (Apr. 29, 1966).
Gaddis, John Lewis. “Containment: A Reassessment.” Foreign Affairs (July 1977).
———. “The Emerging Post-Revisionist Synthesis on the Origins of the Cold War.” Diplomatic History (Summer 1983).
Gaddis, John Lewis, and Paul Nitze. “NSC -68 and the Soviet Threat Reconsidered.” International Security (Spring 1980).
Galbraith, John Kenneth. Review of George Kennan’s Memoirs: 1950-1963. New York Times Book Review (Oct. 8, 1972).
Gati, Charles. “What Containment Meant.” Foreign Policy (Summer 1972).
Grant, Natalie. “The Russian Section, a Window on the Soviet Union.” Diplomatic History (Spring 1978).
Halle, Louis. “George F. Kennan and the Common Mind.” Virginia Quarterly Review (Winter 1969).
Hamburger, Philip. “Profiles: Mr. Secretary,” a profile of Acheson. The New Yorker (Nov. 12 and 19, 1949).
Harper’s Magazine. “The Black Tom Case.” December 1939.
Harriman, Averell. “In Darkest Russia.” The Eavesdropper, Yale class book (December 1927).
———. “The Marshall Plan: Self Help and Mutual Aid.” Foreign Service Journal (June 1967).
———. “My Moscow-Belgrade ‘Vacation.’” Life (Aug. 27, 1965).
———. “Story of Our Relations with Russia.” Supplement to the Congressional Record (Aug. 27, 1951).
———. “What Shipowners Are Up Against.” The Nations Business (April 1921).
———. “Why the Little Fellow Needs the NRA.” Today (May 18, 1935).
Harriman, Margaret Case, and John Bainbridge. “Profiles: The Thirteenth Labor of Hercules,” a profile of Lovett. The New Yorker (Nov. 6 and 13, 1943).
Herken, Gregg. “The Great Foreign Policy Fight.” American Heritage (April/ May 1986).
Hodgson, Godfrey. “The Establishment.” Foreign Policy (Spring 1973).
Hoopes, Townsend. “LBJ’s Account of March 1968. “The New Republic (Mar. 14, 1970).
Iden, V. G. “W. A. Harriman Seeks and Wins Front Rank in Marine Field.” Marine Review (March 1921).
———. “W. A. Harriman as Ship Operator.” Marine Review (April 1921).
Ignatius, David. “The Old Pro,” a profile of Paul Nitze. The Wall Street Journal (Aug. 1, 1985).
Kahn, E. J. Jr. “Profiles: Plenipotentiary,” a profile of Harriman. The New Yorker (May 3, May 10, 1952).
Kaplan, H. J. “The Eclipse of The Better Sort.’” The National Interest (Fall 1985).
Kateb, George. “George F. Kennan: The Heart of a Diplomat.” Commentary (January 1968).
Katz, Milton. “After 20 Years.” Foreign Service Journal (June 1967). Kennan, George F. “America and the Russian Future.” Foreign Affairs (April 1951)
———. “American Troops in Russia: The True Record.” The Atlantic (January 1953).
———. “Credo of a Civil Servant.” Princeton Alumni Weekly (Feb. 12, 1954).
———. “Current Problems in the Conduct of Foreign Policy.” Department of State Bulletin (May 15, 1960).
———. “Disengagement Revisited.” Foreign Affairs (January 1959).
———. “The Ethics of Anti-Communism.” University: A Princeton Quarterly (Spring 1965).
———. “Flashbacks.” The New Yorker (Feb. 25, 1985).
———. “Morality and Foreign Policy.” Foreign Affairs (Winter 1985/86).
———. “The Nature of the Challenge.” The New Republic (August 1953).
———. “On Nuclear War.” New York Review of Books (Jan. 21, 1982).
———. “Our Aid to Russia: A Forgotten Chapter.” New York Times Magazine (July 19, 1959).
———. “Peaceful Coexistence: A Western View.” Foreign Affairs (October 1967).
———. “Reflections: Two Views of the Soviet Union.” The New Yorker (Nov. 2, 1981).
———. “To Prevent a World Wasteland.” Foreign Affairs (April 1970).
———. “Training for Statesmanship.” The Atlantic (May 1953).
———. “What We’ve Lost in Vietnam.” Washington Post (Jan. 14, 1973).
——— . “When the Russians Rose Against the Czar.” New York Times Magazine (Mar. 10, 1957).
———. “Where Do You Stand on Communism?” New York Times Magazine (May 27, 1951).
———. “Why Do I Hope?” University: A Princeton Quarterly (Summer 1966).
———. “‘X’ Plus 25: An Interview.” Foreign Policy (Summer 1972).
Kennan, George F. (as “X”). “The Sources of Soviet Conduct.” Foreign Affairs (July 1947)
Kraft, Joseph. “School for Statesmen.” Harpers Magazine (July 1958).
Labedz, Leopold. “A Last Critique.” Encounter (July 1978).
——— . “The Two Minds of George Kennan.” Encounter (April 1978).
Lasch. Christopher. “The Cold War, Revisited and Re-Visioned.” New York Times Magazine (Jan. 14, 1968).
Life cover story on Pamela Churchill Harriman (Jan. 27, 1941).
Lockett, Edward. “High Commissioner for Germany.” New York Times Magazine (May 29, 1949).
———. “Leave it to Lovett.” Colliers (June 30, 1951).
Lovett, Robert. “Gilt Edged Insecurity. “Saturday Evening Post (Apr. 3, 1937).
Loving, Rush, Jr. “W. Averell Harriman Remembers Life with Father.” Fortune (May 8, 1978).
Luce, Henry. “The American Century,” Life (Feb. 17, 1941).
Lukas, J. Anthony. “The Council on Foreign Relations.” New York Times Magazine (Nov. 21, 1971).
Luttwak, Edward. “The Strange Case of George F. Kennan: From Containment to Isolationism.” Commentary (November 1977).
McCloy, John. “The Lesson of the World Bank.” Foreign Affairs (July 1949).
————. Proceeding of the Academy of Political Science (Vol. 21, Fall 1945).
———. “Repay U.S. Japanese?” The New York Times, Op-Ed Page (Apr. 10, 1983).
———. “Return of the Native.” Pennsylvania Club, Philadelphia, March 1948.
McPherson, Myra. “Capital Social Set Wonders About a Split in Partying.” New York Times, March 24, 1968.
Maier, Charles. “Revisionism and the Interpretation of Cold War Origins,” in Perspectives in American History TV (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970).
Mark, Eduard. “Charles E. Bohlen and the Acceptable Limits of Soviet Hegemony in Eastern Europe.” Diplomatic History (Spring 1979).
———. “The Question of Containment: A Reply to John Lewis Gaddis.” Foreign Affairs (January 1978).
Mastny, Vojtech. “Stalin and the Militarization of the Cold War.” International Security (Winter 1984-5).
Miles, Rufus. “The Strange Myth of Half a Million American Lives Saved.” International Security (Fall, 1985).
Mintz, Morton. “Why Didn’t We Bomb Auschwitz?” Washington Post (Apr. 17, 1983).
Murphy, Charles J. V. “W. Averell Harriman.” Life (Dec. 30, 1946).
The New York Times. “Junior League Here Will Mark 60th Anniversary.” Mar. 18, 1961.
New York World Tribune. “Closeup: Mrs. Harriman.” Aug. 3, 1956.
Nitze, Paul, and John Lewis Gaddis. “NSC -68 and the Soviet Threat Reconsidered.” International Security (Spring 1980).
Pringle, Henry. “Laird of Woodley,” a profile of Stimson. The New Yorker (Oct. 4, 1930).
Reston, James. “The No. 1 No. 2 Man in Washington.” The New York Times Magazine (Aug. 25, 1946).
Root, Elihu. “A Requisite for the Success of Popular Diplomacy.” Foreign Affairs (Vol. 1, No. 1) Autumn 1922.
Rosenau, James. “The Nomination of Charles Bohlen.” Case Studies in Practical Politics (1958).
Rostow, Eugene. “Searching for Kennan’s Grand Design.” Yale Law Journal (June 1978).
Rovere, Richard. “Notes on the Establishment in America.” The American Scholar (Autumn 1961).
Saturday Evening Post. McCloy profile. Nov. 1, 1947.
Schilling, Warner. “The H-Bomb Decision.” Political Science Quarterly (March 1961).
Schilling, Warner, Paul Hammond, and Glenn Snyder. “NSC -68: Prologue to Rearmament,” in Strategy, Politics, and Defense Budgets. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962.
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr. “The Origins of the Cold War.” Foreign Affairs (October 1967).
Seabury, Paul. “George Kennan vs. Mr. ‘X’: The Great Container Springs a Leak.” The New Republic (Dec. 16, 1981).
Seabury, Paul, and Patrick Glynn. “Kennan: The Historian as Fatalist.” The National Interest (Winter, 1985-1986).
Sidey, Hugh. “Ave—Durable Servant of Four Presidents.” Life (Dec. 2, 1966).
Sigal, Leon. “Kennan’s Cuts.” Foreign Policy (Fall 1981).
Smith, Terence. “Why Carter Admitted the Shah.” New York Times Magazine (May 17, 1981).
Spurr, Josiah. “Russian Manganese Concessions.” Foreign Affairs (April 1927). Steel, Ronald. “Acheson at the Creation.” Esquire (Dec. 1983).
———. “Russia, the West, and the Rest.” New York Review of Books (July 14, 1977).
Stone, I. F. “Anti-Russian Undertow.” The Nation (May 12, 1945).
Sunday Mirror Magazine. “New Triumphs of a Churchill.” May 13, 1956.
Taft, John. “Grey Eminences.” The New Republic (Mar. 17, 1979).
Thayer, Mary. “How Long Does it Take to Be a Soviet Expert?” Washington Post (June 1, 1960).
Tibbets, Paul. “How to Drop an Atom Bomb.” Saturday Evening Post (June 8, 1946).
Time. “The Bomb,” cover story written by James Agee. Aug. 20, 1945. 1941.
———. “The Man from Middletown,” cover story on Acheson, Feb. 28, 1949.
———. “The Bombers are Growing,” cover story on Lovett. Feb. 9, 1942.
———. “New Policy, New Broom,” cover story on Lovett. Mar. 29, 1948.
———. “Secretary of War,” cover story of Stimson, Aug. 23, 1941.
———. “Trouble for a Troubleshooter,” cover story on McCloy. June 20, 1949.
———. “Twenty Years After.” Aug 11, 1961.
Ullman, Richard. “The ‘Realities’ of George F. Kennan.” Foreign Policy (Fall 1977)
Urban, George. “A Conversation with George Kennan.” Encounter (September 1976).
U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey, Summary Report. “European War and the Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy.” (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1945.)
Viorst, Milton. “Incidentally, Who Is Dean Rusk?” Esquire (April 1968).
Wells, Samuel F. “Sounding the Tocsin: NSC -68 and the Soviet Threat.” International Security (Spring 1968).
Wershba, Joseph. “U.S. Adviser in U.N.” New York Post (Oct. 24, 1962).
Dissertations and Academic Papers
Bland, Larry. “W. Averell Harriman: Businessman and Diplomat, 1891–1945.” Ph.D. thesis, University of Wisconsin, 1972.
Fanton, Jonathan. “Robert A. Lovett: The War Years.” Ph.D. thesis, Yale University, 1978.
Krieger, Wolfgang. “The German Factor in U.S. Security Policy, 1946–1949.” Paper for the National Security Studies Group, Harvard University, June 1985.
Larson, Deborah Welch. “Belief and Inference: The Origin of American Leaders’ Cold War Ideology.” Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, 1982.
Miscamble, Wilson Douglas. “George Kennan, the Policy Planning Staff and American Foreign Policy.” Ph.D. thesis, University of Notre Dame, 1980.
Ruddy, Thomas Michael. “Charles E. Bohlen and the Soviet Union.” Ph.D. thesis, Kent State University, 1973.
Schwartz, Thomas Alan. “From Occupation to Alliance: John J. McCloy and the Allied High Commission in the Federal Republic of Germany, 1949-1952.” Ph.D. thesis, Harvard University, June 1985.
Wilmerding, J. C. “Charles Eustis Bohlen: Portrait of a Diplomat.” Unpublished history paper by a nephew of Bohlen’s, Groton School, 1983.
Wright, C. Ben. “George F. Kennan: Scholar-Diplomat.” Ph.D. thesis, University of Wisconsin, 1972.