Contributors

Ahmed Abdel Meguid, Syracuse University

Ash‘aris; free will; human nature; prophecy

As‘ad AbuKhalil, California State University, Stanislaus

Lebanon

Camilla Adang, Tel Aviv University

Ibn Hazm

Asma Afsaruddin, Indiana University

martyrdom

Ahmed Afzaal, Concordia College

nonviolence

Irfan Ahmad, Monash University (Australia)

Aligarh; Jama‘at-i Islami; Mawdudi, Abul al-A‘la; Sayyid Ahmad Khan

Sadaf Ahmad, Lahore University of Management Sciences (Pakistan)

veil

Farish Ahmad-Noor, Nanyang Technological University (Singapore) and Erasmus Universias Muhamadiyah Surakarta, Yogjarta (Indonesia)

Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS)

Rafiuddin Ahmed, Elmira College

Bangladesh

Shahrough Akhavi, University of South Carolina

communism; guardianship of the jurist; socialism

Mehmetcan Akpinar, University of Chicago

Mawardi

Omar Alí-de Unzaga, Institute of Ismaili Studies (London)

Brethren of Purity

Adel Allouche, Yale University

Tunisia

Sean W. Anthony, University of Oregon

‘Ali b. Abi Talib; Hasan b. ‘Ali; ‘Umar b. al-Khattab; ‘Uthman b. ‘Affan

Zayde Antrim, Trinity College (Connecticut)

Jerusalem; Mecca and Medina

Christopher Anzalone, McGill University

propaganda

Saïd Amir Arjomand, Stony Brook University

absolutism; monarchy; patrimonial state; al-Sadr, Muhammad Baqir

J. C. Arsenault, University of Pennsylvania

community; culture

Mushegh Asatryan, Yale University

‘Alawis

Fakhreddin Azimi, University of Connecticut

Iran

Kathryn Babayan, University of Michigan

Isma‘il I

Irit Back, Tel Aviv University

East Africa; Ethiopia and Eritrea

Roswitha Badry, University of Freiburg (Germany)

consultation

Meir M. Bar-Asher, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Druze

Michael Barry, Princeton University

Afghanistan

Abbas Barzegar, Georgia State University

ayatollah; commanding right and forbidding

wrong; source of emulation; al-Zawahiri, Ayman

Shahzad Bashir, Stanford University

messianism

Orit Bashkin, University of Chicago

‘Abd al-Raziq, ‘Ali

Mangol Bayat, Independent scholar

al-Afghani, Jamal al-Din

Amira K. Bennison, University of Cambridge

Algeria; Berbers; Morocco; North Africa

Lindsay J. Benstead, University of Michigan

parliament

Herbert Berg, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Muhammad, Elijah; Nation of Islam

Jonathan P. Berkey, Davidson College

madrasa

Michal Biran, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Transoxiana

Khalid Yahya Blankinship, Temple University

Malik b. Anas; obedience; al-Shaybani, Muhammad b. al-Hasan

Antoine Borrut, University of Maryland

‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz

John Bowen, Washington University in Saint Louis

West, the

Gerhard Bowering, Yale University

Egypt (coauthor); Muhammad; Qur’an; Syria

James Broucek, Florida State University

mufti/grand mufti

Jonathan A. C. Brown, University of Washington

hadith

Rainer Brunner, University of Freiburg (Germany)

Europe; Karbala; Rightly Guided Caliphate

Richard W. Bulliet, Columbia University

conversion

Heribert Busse, University of Kiel (Germany)

Buyids

Alexander Caeiro, Erlangen Centre for Islam and Law in Europe

minorities, jurisprudence of

Yousef Casewit, Yale University

Zahiris

Shaojin Chai, University of Notre Dame

Uighurs

Ayesha S. Chaudhry, University of British Columbia

women

Julia Clancy-Smith, University of Arizona

‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jaza’iri

David Cook, Rice University

Mahdi

Michael Cook, Princeton University

freedom

Michael Cooperson, University of California, Los Angeles

Baghdad; Ma’mun; Thousand and One Nights

Robert D. Crews, Stanford University

Central Asia; imperialism

Patricia Crone, Institute for Advanced Study (Princeton, NJ)

clients; philosophy; Quraysh; sunna; traditional political thought; usurper

Farhad Daftary, Institute of Ismaili Studies (London)

Aga Khan; Fatimids; Nizaris; Qarmatians

Hans Daiber, Frankfurt University (Germany)

philosopher-king

Stephen F. Dale, Ohio State University

Babur, Zahir al-Din

Linda Darling, University of Arizona

Ottomans

Lara Deeb, Scripps College

Amal; Hizbullah

John Donohue, Saint Joseph University (Lebanon)

Beirut; Jordan

Phil Dorroll, Emory University

holy places

Racha El Omari, University of California, Santa Barbara

theology

Sarah Eltantawi, Harvard University

Nigeria

Yanis Eshots, University of Latvia

city (philosophical); al-Farabi, Abu Nasr; Ibn Sina, Abu ‘Ali

Roxanne L. Euben, Wellesley College

fundamentalism

Mohammad Fadel, University of Toronto

arbitration; collective obligations; contracts; judicial courts

Khaled Fahmy, New York University

Muhammad ‘Ali

Schirin H. Fathi, University of Hamburg (Germany)

Shari‘ati, ‘Ali

Maribel Fierro, Center of Human and Social Sciences of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid

Almohads; Almoravids; heresy and innovation; Ibn Tumart; Spain and Portugal (Andalus)

Melissa Finn, York University (Canada)

asylum; revolutions

Cornell H. Fleischer, University of Chicago

Süleiman the Magnificent (coauthor)

Finbarr Barry Flood, New York University

Ghurids

Kathleen Foody, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

utopia

Bernard K. Freamon, Seton Hall University

slavery

Yohanan Friedmann, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Ahmadis; Ahmad Sirhindi; minorities

Patrick D. Gaffney, University of Notre Dame

al-Gama‘a al-Islamiyya; mosque; preaching; pulpit

Moshe Gammer, Tel Aviv University

Shamil

Behrooz Ghamari-Tabrizi, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Westernization

Kambiz GhaneaBassiri, Reed College

North America

Dru C. Gladney, Pomona College

China

Robert Gleave, University of Exeter (England)

Friday prayer; Shi‘ism

Andreas Görke, University of Basel (Switzerland)

taxation

Frank Griffel, Yale University

apostasy; excommunication; natural law

Sebastian Günther, University of Toronto

education

Li Guo, University of Notre Dame

Mamluks

Joseph Hammond, Independent scholar

anarchism; ethnicity

Andras Hamori, Princeton University

Ibn al-Muqaffa‘

Dyala Hamzah, Zentrum Moderner Orient (Germany)

Rida, Muhammad Rashid

M. Şükrü Hanioğlu, Princeton University

Abdülhamid II; Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal; Tanizmat; Turkey; Young Turks

Nicholas G. Harris, University of Pennsylvania

censorship; punishment; treason

Jan-Peter Hartung, University of London—School of Oriental and African Studies

India

Nader Hashemi, University of Denver

sovereignty

Sohail H. Hashmi, Mount Holyoke College

abodes of Islam, war, and truce; diplomacy; rebellion

Jane Hathaway, Ohio State University

household

Bernard Haykel, New York University

Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad; Salafis; Saudi Arabia; al-Shawkani, Muhammad b. ‘Ali; Yemen

Paul L. Heck, Georgetown University

Abu Yusuf; advice; Bin Laden, Osama; bureaucracy; knowledge; Mulla ‘Umar

Robert W. Hefner, Boston University

Indonesia; Malaysia

Thomas Hegghammer, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (Norway) and New York University Center on Law and Security

suicide; terrorism

Jocelyn Hendrickson, Whitman College

fatwa; hijra

Marcia Hermansen, Loyola University Chicago

Shah Waliullah

Edmund Herzig, University of Manchester (England)

Safavids

Carole Hillenbrand, University of Edinburgh

Crusades

Nathan Hofer, University of Missouri

brotherhoods; shaykh, pīr

David Hollenberg, James Madison University

Isma‘ilis

Russell Hopley, Bowdoin College

leadership

Steve Howard, Ohio University

Taha, Mahmoud Mohamed

Murad Idris, University of Pennsylvania

Islamization; masses

Matthew B. Ingalls, University of Puget Sound

Tablighi Jama‘at; vizier

Brannon Ingram, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Zia-ul-Haq

Roy Jackson, University of Gloucestershire (England)

authority

Sherman A. Jackson, University of Michigan

al-Qarafi, Shihab al-Din

Tariq Jaffer, Boston University

Murji’is; al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din

Johannes J. G. Jansen, Leiden University (Netherlands)

Faraj, Muhammad ‘Abd al-Salam

Maher Jarrar, American University of Beirut

Qadaris

Masoud Jafari Jazi, Teacher Training University, Tehran (Iran)

Jalal Al-i Ahmad

Shamil Jeppie, University of Cape Town (South Africa)

apartheid

David L. Johnston, University of Pennsylvania

Christian-Muslim relations; environment

Katrin Jomaa, Indiana University

city; quietism and activism

Hadi Jorati, Yale University

bazaar; Istanbul

Wadad Kadi, University of Chicago

‘Abd al-Hamid al-Katib b. Yahya al-‘Amiri; Abu Bakr; caliph, caliphate (coauthor); al-Tawhidi, Abu Hayyan

Ahmet T. Karamustafa, Washington University in Saint Louis

individualism

Rosemary B. Kellison, Florida State University

dissent, opposition, resistance; military; republicanism

John Kelsay, Florida State University

jihad

Khaled M. G. Keshk, DePaul University

Mu‘awiya

Nancy Khalek, Brown University

notables

Etan Kohlberg, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Ja‘far al-Sadiq

Gudrun Krämer, Free University of Berlin (Germany)

al-Banna, Hasan; pluralism and tolerance

Sunil Kumar, Delhi University (India)

Delhi; Delhi Sultanate

Mirjam Künkler, Princeton University

democracy; theocracy

Timur Kuran, Duke University

economic theory; public opinion

Charles Kurzman, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

liberalism; modernism

Michael Laffan, Princeton University

Southeast Asia

Ella Landau-Tasseron, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

alliances; Umayyads

Christian Lange, Utrecht University (Netherlands)

privacy

Henri Lauziere, Northwestern University

secularism

Todd Lawson, University of Toronto

apocalypse

Marnia Lazreg, The City University of New York, Hunter College

torture

Michael Lecker, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Constitution of Medina

Amalia Levanoni, University of Haifa (Israel)

Ibn Jama‘a

Milka Levy-Rubin, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Treaty of ‘Umar

Keith Lewinstein, Bridgewater State University

heresiography; Ibadis; Kharijis

Franklin Lewis, University of Chicago

Shahnama

Gideon Libson, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

custom

Charles Lindholm, Boston University

honor; kinship

Roman Loimeier, Humboldt University of Berlin (Germany)

West Africa

Matthew Long, University of Georgia

Ibn Khaldun; jizya

Joseph E. Lowry, University of Pennsylvania

rights; al-Shafi‘i, Muhammad b. Idris

Scott C. Lucas, University of Arizona

Companions of the Prophet

Loren D. Lybarger, Ohio University

Arafat, Yasir; Hamas; Palestine; Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)

Gregory Mack, McGill University

grievance; jurisprudence

Anas Malik, Xavier University

libertarianism

Peter Mandaville, George Mason University

international relations

Beatrice Forbes Manz, Tufts University

Timurids

Andrew F. March, Yale University

constitutionalism; ethics; representation

L. Marlow, Wellesley College

Mirrors for Princes

Andrew Marsham, University of Edinburgh

oath of allegiance

Nabil Matar, University of Minnesota

Ibn Tufayl

Rudi Matthee, University of Delaware

‘Abbas I

Jane Dammen McAuliffe, Georgetown University

exegesis; People of the Book

David Mednicoff, University of Massachusetts, Amherst

human rights

Christopher Melchert, University of Oxford

Ahmad b. Hanbal

Charles Melville, University of Cambridge

Ilkhanids

Matthew Melvin-Koushki, Yale University

Khunji, Fazl Allah b. Ruzbihan; Mongols; Qajars; Tamerlane

Yahya M. Michot, University of Oxford

Ibn Taymiyya

Gail Minault, University of Texas at Austin

Khilafat movement

Mustansir Mir, Youngstown State University

Iqbal, Muhammad

Mahan Mirza, Zaytuna College

Ahmad, Israr; demographics

Jennifer Mitchell, Champlain Regional College and Vanier College (Canada)

citizenship

Yasien Mohamed, University of the Western Cape (South Africa)

South Africa

Ebrahim Moosa, Duke University

Rahman, Fazlur; revival and reform (coauthor)

Suleiman Ali Mourad, Smith College

hypocrisy

Rose E. Muravchick, University of Pennsylvania

royal court

John A. Nawas, Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium)

inquisition; patronage

Daniel Neep, University of Exeter (England)

Arab nationalism; colonialism; coup d’état; nationalism

Nassima Neggaz, Georgetown University

Dan Fodio, Usman; Muslim League; Mu‘tazilis; Nasser, Gamal Abdel; al-Qaeda; Saladin

Martin Nguyen, Fairfield University

piety and asceticism

Erik S. Ohlander, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne

al-Suhrawardi, Abu Hafs ‘Umar

Jacob Olidort, Princeton University

political ritual

Felicitas Opwis, Georgetown University

public interest

Eva Orthmann, University of Bonn (Germany)

astrology

Carl F. Petry, Northwestern University

Cairo

Matthew Pierce, Fulbright Scholar Program

judge

Andrew Polk, Florida State University

Mohammed, W. D.

Yasir Qadhi, Yale University

Karramis; al-Qaradawi, Yusuf

Junaid Quadri, McGill University

endowment

Tahera Qutbuddin, University of Chicago

Husayn b. ‘Ali

Intisar A. Rabb, New York University

governance; police

Bernde Radtke, Utrecht University (Netherlands)

Sufism

Shadaab Rahemtulla, Oxford University

justice; solidarity; tyranny

Sayeed S. Rahman, Bryn Mawr College

mawlid

Ali-Ahmad Rasekh, Concordia University (Canada)

‘Ashura’

Dietrich Reetz, Zentrum Moderner Orient (Germany)

Barelwis; Deobandis

Sajjad H. Rizvi, University of Exeter (England)

Dawani, Jalal al-Din; Mir Damad; al-Tusi, Nasir al-Din

Chase W. Robinson, Royal Holloway, University of London

civil war

Jared Rubin, Chapman University

trade and commerce

Marina Rustow, Emory University

intercession; loyalty

Bruce K. Rutherford, Colgate University

elections

Kaya Şahin, Tulane University

Süleiman the Magnificent (coauthor)

Mashal Saif, Duke University

Abbasids

Noah Salomon, Carleton College

Sudan

Armando Salvatore, University of Naples-L’Orientale (Italy)

civil society; globalization; modernity; public sphere

Sarah Bowen Savant, Aga Khan University-Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilisations (England)

genealogy; Shu‘ubis

S. Abdallah Schleifer, American University in Cairo

media

Warren C. Schultz, DePaul University

coinage

Reinhard Schulze, University of Bern (Switzerland)

international Islamic organizations; Pan-Islamism

Rachel M. Scott, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

equality

Kim Searcy, Loyola University Chicago

Mahdi of the Sudan

Mark Sedgwick, Aarhus University (Denmark)

‘Abduh, Muhammad

Rüdiger Seesemann, University of Bayreuth (Germany)

al-Turabi, Hasan

Aram A. Shahin, James Madison University

caliph, caliphate (coauthor)

Emad El-Din Shahin, University of Notre Dame

Egypt (coauthor); government

Zaid Shakir, Zaytuna College

Malcolm X

Maya Shatzmiller, University of Western Ontario (Canada)

division of labor

William E. Shepard, University of Canterbury (New Zealand)

ideology; jāhilyya; Sayyid Qutb

Fiazuddin Shu‘ayb, University of California, Los Angeles

succession

Thomas Sizgorich, University of California, Irvine

violence

Denise Spellberg, University of Texas at Austin

‘A’isha

Ronald Bruce St John, Independent scholar

Qaddafi, Mu‘ammar

Amina Steinfels, Mount Holyoke College

Aurangzeb

Devin J. Stewart, Emory University

abdication; blasphemy; consensus; dissimulation; Fadlallah, Muhammad Husayn; faith; family; God; ijtihād and taqlīd; Nizamiyya; shari‘a; shaykh al-Islam

Frank H. Stewart, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

tribalism

W. Craig Streetman, University of Kentucky

Ibn Bajja

Mairaj Syed, Princeton University

difference of opinion; Sunnism

Ian Talbot, University of Southampton (England)

Jinnah, Mohammad ‘Ali; Pakistan

Daniella Talmon-Heller, Ben-Gurion University (Israel)

Ayyubids

Georges Tamer, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Germany)

Ibn Rushd

SherAli Tareen, Franklin and Marshall College

charity; revival and reform (coauthor)

Amin Tarzi, Marine Corps University

Taliban

Sultan Tepe, University of Illinois at Chicago

nation-state

Baki Tezcan, University of California, Davis

Kadızadeli; racism

Shawkat M. Toorawa, Cornell University

friendship; pilgrimage; Pillars of Islam

D. G. Tor, University of Notre Dame

ghāzī; Ghaznavids; Samanids; Seljuqs; shāhānshāh; sultan

Alexander Treiger, Dalhousie University

Ghazali

Charles Tripp, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London

capitalism

Nurit Tsafrir, Tel Aviv University (Israel)

Abu Hanifa

Mete Tuncay, Istanbul Belgi University (Turkey)

Nazim Hikmet

Paul E. Walker, University of Chicago

Hakim bi-Amr Allah

Keith David Watenpaugh, University of California, Davis

‘Aflaq, Michel; Ba‘th Party

Neguin Yavari, Columbia University

Khomeini, Ayatollah; Nizam al-Mulk

Isra Yazicioglu, Saint Joseph’s University

Sa‘id Nursi

Hayrettin Yücesoy, Saint Louis University

imamate

Mohsen Zakeri, Frankfurt University (Germany)

chivalry

Muhammad Qasim Zaman, Princeton University

‘ulama’

Taymiya R. Zaman, University of San Francisco

Akbar the Great; Mughals

Syed Rizwan Zamir, University of Virginia

guilds

Malika Zeghal, University of Chicago

‘Abd al-Rahman, ‘Umar; Azhar University; Muslim Brotherhood

Homayra Ziad, Trinity College (Connecticut)

liberation theology

Hossein Ziai, University of California, Los Angeles

Mulla Sadra

Barbara Zollner, Birkbeck, University of London

Islamic Jihad

Aron Zysow, Princeton University

Zaydis