18/19 March Accidental death of Alexander III of Scotland.
28 April Election of Guardians of the Realm to rule Scotland.
18 July Treaty of Birgham.
26 September Death of Margaret, the ‘Maid of Norway’ in Orkney.
Death of Eleanor of Castile, Edward I’s Queen.
Competitors for the Scottish throne dispute the succession.
Bishop Fraser writes to ask Edward to intervene in the crisis.
May Edward I at Norham where an Anglo-Scottish Parliament convenes. Edward demands to be recognised as overlord of Scotland. Edward arbitrates between the Competitors who agree to place Scottish royal castles in his hands, in effect putting him in possession of the kingdom.
13 June Guardians and Scots lords acknowledge Edward I as overlord of Scotland.
17 November Edward decides in favour of John Balliol.
30 November Balliol crowned King of Scots at Scone.
Franco-Scottish Treaty – ‘The Auld Alliance’.
March War between Edward I and Scots.
30 March Sack of Berwick.
27 April Battle of Dunbar, Scots defeated.
July King John submits and resigns his kingdom to Edward I.
28 August Berwick parliament, Edward receives homage and fealty from some 2,000 Scots; the ‘Ragman Roll’.
17 September Edward I leaves Scotland, hands over the government to John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey.
May Wallace murders William Heselrig the sheriff of Clydesdale at Lanark.
Wallace raids Scone with William Douglas.
Spring/Summer Andrew Murray leads the north rising.
June–July Percy and Clifford force capitulation of Scots lords at Irvine.
22 August Edward I sails with his army for Flanders.
September Wallace and Murray join forces at the siege of Dundee.
11 September Battle of Stirling Bridge.
18 October Wallace raids Northumberland and Cumberland.
November Death of Andrew Murray.
January Scots capture Stirling Castle.
Wallace knighted and elected as Guardian of Scotland.
14 March Edward returns from Flanders.
22 July Battle of Falkirk, Wallace defeated.
Autumn Wallace goes abroad, Scots take Stirling Castle.
July–August Edward I campaigns in Galloway.
July–September Edward I and Edward of Caernarvon campaign in southern Scotland.
Truce for nine months
24 February Battle of Roslin, Segrave defeated.
May Edward I invades Scotland.
Submission of Comyn and other Scots lords to Edward I.
22 April Siege of Stirling Castle begins.
3 August William Wallace captured near Glasgow.
23 August Wallace executed.
10 February Bruce murders John, ‘the red’ Comyn at Dumfries.
25 March Bruce crowned as King of Scots at Scone.
19 June Battle of Methven, Bruce defeated.
September Bruce flees to Rathlin Island.
February Bruce returns to Carrick.
7 July Edward I dies at Burgh by Sands on the Solway.