Glossary

Art Currie: General Sir Arthur Currie, the first Canadian commander of the Canadian Corps during the First World War

bally: usually a euphemism for the British term bloody

balmoral: a kind of cap or men’s bonnet usually worn by Scottish regiments

bandolier: a cartridge belt for ammunition

batman: an officer’s servant

bayonet periscope: a mirror that could be mounted onto rifles in order to scout enemy activity

be in Dutch: to be in trouble

bivouacked: to be posted to an open-air area without tents or cover

Blighty: Britain

Boche: German soldier

box barrage: artillery shells that are dropped on three sides of an area, the front as well as the flanks

breeches: a type of pant that only goes to just below the knee

bully and lumps of soggy plum duff: canned corn beef and plum pudding

CO: Commanding Officer

crown and anchor: a dice game

CT: Communications Trench

dickey: of inferior quality or poor condition

dowager: a wealthy, elderly widow

duck walk: a slatted wooden walk in soft ground

Elinor Glyn: a British romance novelist and short-story writer (1864–1943)

estaminet: from the French, meaning “drinking house” or saloon

fire step: a step built a few feet off the trench floor, which allowed soldiers to peer over the top at enemy trenches or to fire at the enemy

fishtails: a type of small bomb

four flusher: a person who makes empty boasts or tries to deceive others

frowsy: having an untidy or neglected appearance

gink: an odd or unworldly person

Gott Mit Uns: from the German, “God is with us”

grenade cup: attachment that enables soldiers to launch grenades from a rifle

had a bead on you: take aim at something with a gun

Haig: Sir Douglas Haig (1861–1928), commanded the British Expeditionary Force from 1915 to 1919

Heinie: German soldier

HEs: high explosives

Hindenburg: Paul von Hindenburg (1847–1934), a German field marshal during the First World War

hoodooed: bewitched

Hoyle: Edmond Hoyle (1672–1769), who wrote books about the rules of card games

Hun: German soldier

jake: anything you are very satisfied with

Kaiser: Wilhelm II (1859–1941), German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888–1918

last post: bugle call that signals it is time to retire for the night

Lee Enfield: standard-issue infantry rifle for soldiers of the British Empire

Lewis gun: a type of machine gun

limber: the detachable fore part of a gun-carriage, consisting of two wheels and an axle, a pole for the horses, and a frame which holds one or two ammunition-chests

long-range crumps: German artillery

Looey: Lieutenant

lorry: a large motor vehicle for transporting goods

“Mademoiselle from Armentières”: a famous bawdy song from the First World War

maxims: a type of machine gun

minnie: a German trench mortar high-explosive shell

NCO: Non-commissioned officer, also known as “non-com”

parados: opposite the parapet, whose purpose is to stop the backward effect of shrapnel bursting behind the parados

parapet: the protective wall that runs along the top of a trench

Pershing: John Joseph Pershing (1860–1948), a US Army general

picture palace: a large, elaborately decorated movie theatre

pill-box: a round or square-shaped structure, made of iron and concrete, to protect soldiers from artillery and also used as a firing position

pontoon bridge: a temporary floating bridge

potato masher bomb: German hand grenade with a long stick handle

pound your ear: to lie down to sleep or rest

put their wind up: to annoy or provoke deliberately

puttee: a long strip of cloth or leather wound spirally around the leg from the ankle to the knee; worn by soldiers for protection and support in rough terrain

RAP: Regimental Aid Post

RSM: Regimental Sergeant Major

Ruby Ayres: a British romance novelist (1881–1955)

rum issue: soldiers were given a small amount of rum just before going into battle because it was believed to help with nerves; it was also used to treat shell shock

SAA box: Small Arms Ammunition

salient: a battlefield feature in which part of the forward line projects or bulges outward into enemy territory, meaning there is enemy on three sides

Sam Browne: a wide leather belt, that passes diagonally over the right shoulder, worn by officers

sap: a narrow trench that runs along at an angle from a main trench

scuttled: to run quickly, with hurried steps

shell shock: a disorder attributed to exposure to shellfire and characterized by severe anxiety and other psychological disturbances

skulker: someone who hides or acts in a sly or secret manner

square-head: German soldier

stand-to: at every sunset and dawn, front-line soldiers are ordered to stand alert, weapons ready, facing the enemy in anticipation of a possible attack

stiff-issue: a rum ration

togs: shorts

Very lights: signal flares, used to light up the battlefield. Named after their inventor, Edward Very

vin blink: anglicized term for white wine, from the French “vin blanc”

wag: a troublemaker or joker

whizz bangs: German artillery shells

zero [hour]: the time set for an attack