With bulls too the Carthaginians waged war

on their foes, and not just bulls but wild boar.

Using an armed handler to keep the beast in line

some went further again, with a fierce lion.

But pity the man who thinks that he can keep

a lion on a leash and it not give him the slip.

Blood up, they’d rampage here and there and sow

chaos among the squadrons, friend and foe,

their shaking, horrent manes and then their roars

enough to put the wind up any horse.

In vain their riders urged them with the snaffle,

the sight of angry she-lions proved too awful:

pouncing from nowhere into their victims’ faces,

landing on their backs and ripping them to pieces,

catching hold and wrestling them to the ground

then pinning them by the gaping, mortal wound

that they’d inflict with grim bites and slashing claws.

Their own side the bulls would trample and toss

in the air, and horses they would run right through

with their horns, impaling the creatures from below

then pawing the dust with menacing intent.

The boars also turned their horns on foe and friend

and washed the weapons lodged in them in blood.

Cavalry tumbled, infantry died where they stood.

The panicked, bolting horses tried to veer

to safety or, rising up, would paw the air

in vain: on every side the earth rang out

and shook with the collapsing horses’ weight.

If anyone doubted that these beasts were wild

before, the proof lay on the battlefield

in carnage, uproar, terror, anarchy.

Nothing will keep such killers, broken free,

from dealing death all round with no one spared,

just like elephants, badly battle-scarred,

that stagger and stamp down hard on anyone

in their way. As if they care what side he’s on!