Milestones
1913 Born on July 14 as Leslie Lynch King Jr., in Omaha, Nebraska; his mother, Dorothy Gardner King, flees her marriage two weeks later and takes him to live with her family in Grand Rapids, Michigan
1917 Dorothy King marries a Grand Rapids businessman named Gerald R. Ford; he informally adopts her son, who is hereafter known as Gerald R. Ford Jr.
1931–35 Attends the University of Michigan; plays center and linebacker on the football team and is named Most Valuable Player of the 1934 team
1935 Graduates from the University of Michigan
Receives offers from the Green Bay Packers and the Detroit Lions to play professional football
Becomes a boxing coach and an assistant football coach at Yale University
Legally changes name to Gerald R. Ford Jr.
1938–41 Attends Yale Law School
1940 Volunteers for Wendell Willkie’s presidential campaign and attends first Republican National Convention
1941 Graduates in the top third of his law school class at Yale; returns to Grand Rapids to practice law and becomes active in local politics
1942–45 Serves in the U.S. Navy during World War II and sees action in the Pacific aboard the USS Monterey
1946 Receives honorable discharge from the navy and returns to Grand Rapids, resuming his involvement in reforming local politics
1948 Successfully challenges Representative Bartel J. Jonkman in the Republican congressional primary
Marries Elizabeth Ann Bloomer Warren
Elected to U.S. Congress
1949 Begins first term in Congress and meets and befriends fellow representative Richard Nixon
1950 Appointed to the House Appropriations Committee
1952 Dwight Eisenhower elected president; Republicans take control of Congress
1954 Democrats regain control of Congress in midterm elections
1959 Joins movement within the House Republican caucus to replace House Minority Leader Joseph Martin with Charles Halleck
1960 Mentioned as possible Republican vice presidential nominee but is not chosen
John F. Kennedy elected president, defeating Richard Nixon
1963 Elected House Republican Conference chairman
President Kennedy assassinated in Dallas
Appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to serve on the Warren Commission to investigate Kennedy’s death
1964 Warren Commission issues its report, concluding that there was no evidence of a conspiracy in Kennedy’s assassination
Decides to challenge Halleck for the post of House minority leader
1965 Elected House minority leader by a 73–67 vote
Publishes (with Jack Stiles) Portrait of the Assassin
1966 Congressional Republicans make strong gains in the midterm elections
1968 Again mentioned as possible Republican vice presidential nominee
Richard Nixon elected president
1969 Unsuccessfully calls for the impeachment and removal from office of Justice William O. Douglas, on ethics grounds
1972 Watergate break-in
Nixon reelected president
1973 Vice President Spiro Agnew resigns on October 10 after pleading no contest to bribery and tax evasion charges
Nominated by President Nixon on October 12 to be vice president
Confirmed by Congress as vice president and sworn in on December 6
1974 Supreme Court orders Nixon to turn over White House tapes related to Watergate
House Judiciary Committee approves three articles of impeachment against Nixon
Nixon announces his resignation on August 8, effective the next day
Sworn in as the thirty-eighth president of the United States on August 9
Announces support for clemency for Vietnam War draft evaders
Nominates Nelson Rockefeller to be vice president
Pardons Nixon on September 8 for any crimes he may have committed as president
Announces “Whip Inflation Now” program
Meets with Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev in Vladivostok
1975 Announces on April 23 that the Vietnam War “is finished as far as America is concerned.”
Orders the emergency evacuation of American personnel and South Vietnamese refugees
The South Vietnamese capital of Saigon falls on April 30
Cambodia seizes the Mayaguez, a U.S. merchant ship; marines sent in to rescue the crew
Travels to Helsinki to meet with the leaders of thirty-four other nations to sign the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Survives two assassination attempts in California, one by Lynette “Squeaky” Fromme and one by Sara Jane Moore
Refuses to support a federal bailout for New York City but later approves a line of credit once city and state leaders take steps to address the crisis
Reorganizes cabinet, naming Donald Rumsfeld as secretary of defense, Elliot Richardson as secretary of commerce, George H. W. Bush as director of CIA, Dick Cheney as White House chief of staff, and Brent Scowcroft as national security adviser
Urges Rockefeller to withdraw his name from consideration as the 1976 vice presidential nominee
Nominates John Paul Stevens to the U.S. Supreme Court
1976 Celebration of the U.S. bicentennial
Defeats Ronald Reagan for the Republican presidential nomination; selects Senator Robert Dole as his running mate
Debates Democratic nominee Jimmy Carter three times
Loses presidential election to Carter
1977 Leaves office on January 20
1979 Publishes his memoir, A Time to Heal
1980 Discusses the possibility of joining Reagan’s ticket as the vice presidential candidate, but no agreement is struck
1981 Attends funeral of Egyptian president Anwar Sadat
1982 The Betty Ford Center opens
1987 Publishes Humor and the Presidency
1998 Urges “rebuke” and “censure” as alternatives to an impeachment trial in the case of President Bill Clinton
1999 Receives the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal
2001 Receives the Profile in Courage Award from the John F. Kennedy Foundation
2006 Dies on December 26, having surpassed Ronald Reagan as the nation’s longest-lived president