Chapter 2: Empires and enclaves
Indian informant speaking to a French missionary about beavers: Reuben Gold Thwaites, ed., The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents: Travels and Explorations of the Jesuit Missionaries, 1610–1791, 73 vols. (Cleveland: Burrows Brothers, 1901), 6:297, 299.
Chapter 3: Making the first American West
Leader of the Indian confederacy rejects an offer from American diplomats to buy their land in 1793: E. A. Cruikshank, ed., The Correspondence of Lieut. Governor John Graves Simcoe: With allied documents relating to his administration of the government of Upper Canada, 5 vols. (Toronto: Ontario Historical Society, 1923–1931), 2:19.
George Washington on acquiring Western lands: Washington quoted in Bernard Bailyn, Voyagers to the West: A Passage in the Peopling of America on the Eve of the Revolution (New York: Knopf, 1986), 23.
Thomas Gage on the similarities between Western Pennsylvanians and Indians: Lieut.-General Thomas Gage to Earl of Hillsborough, Oct. 7, 1772, in K. G. Davies, ed., Documents of the American Revolution, 1770–1783, 21 vols. (Shannon: Irish University Press, 1972–81), 5:203.
Sir William Johnson on ungovernable backcountry people: Sir William Johnson to Earl of Dartmouth, September 22, 1773, in K. G. Davies, ed., Documents of the American Revolution, 1770–1783, 21 vols. (Shannon: Irish University Press, 1972–81), 6:225.
George Washington on the Transylvania Company’s purchase of Kentucky lands: Washington quoted in William Stewart Lester, The Transylvania Colony (Spencer, IN: Samuel R. Guard, 1935), 41.
Captain Pipe’s speech to British officials: James H. O’Donnell III, ed., “Captain Pipe’s Speech: A Commentary on the Delaware Experience, 1775–1781,” Northwest Ohio Quarterly 64 (1992): 131.
Thomas Jefferson on agrarian expansion: Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia (Richmond: J. W. Randolph, 1853), 176.
Chapter 4: Taking the farther West
Governor Pio Pico on immigration into California: Pico quoted in Douglas Monroy, Thrown among Strangers: The Making of Mexican Culture in Frontier California (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), 163.
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark on fulfilling the task given to them by Thomas Jefferson: Lewis, journal entry, February 14, 1806, in
Gary Moulton, ed.,
The Journals of Lewis and Clark, at “The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition” website,
http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/read/?_xmlsrc=1806-02-14&_xslsrc=LCstyles.xsl, accessed on August 1, 2014.
Thomas Hart Benton on the removal of Indians: Thomas Hart Benton, Thirty Years’ View; Or, A History of the Working of the American Government for Thirty Years, from 1820 to 1850, 2 vols. (New York: D. Appleton, 1854–56), 1:28.
United Nations definition of “ethnic cleansing”: quoted in John Mack Faragher, A Great and Noble Scheme: The Tragic Story of the Expulsion of the French Acadians from Their American Homeland (New York: Norton, 2005), 469.
Polk asking Congress to declare war on Mexico: Polk quoted in Daniel Walker Howe, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007), 741.
Editor of a Democratic Party–aligned newspaper in 1845 on the United States’ manifest destiny: John O’Sullivan, “Annexation,” United States Magazine and Democratic Review 17, no. 1 (July-August 1845): 5.
Trist on the war with Mexico: Trist quoted in Amy S. Greenberg, A Wicked War: Polk, Lincoln, and the 1846 Invasion of Mexico (New York: Knopf, 2012), 259.
Chapter 5: The whitening of the West
De la Guerra on the word “white”: de la Guerra quoted in Ross J. Browne, Report of the Debate in the Convention of California, on the Formation of the State Constitution, in September and October, 1849 (Washington, DC: John T. Powers, 1850), 64.
The superintendent of one reservation explains how reformation can ensure Indian survival: superintendent Clark Thompson quoted in David A. Nichols, Lincoln and the Indians: Civil War Policy and Politics (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1978), 180.
On sending Indian children to white boarding schools: Frederick E. Hoxie, A Final Promise: The Campaign to Assimilate the Indians, 1880–1920 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984), 67.
Henry Dawes on the Dawes Act: Dawes quoted in Patricia Nelson Limerick, The Legacy of Conquest: The Unbroken Past of the American West (New York: Norton, 1987), 198.
Chapter 6: The watering of the West
Thomas Jefferson’s prediction that the West would secure the agrarian character of the United States: Barbara B. Oberg, ed., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, vol. 33, 17 February to 30 April 1801 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006), 150.
Farming in the Great Plains in dry years and going bust: Joanna L. Stratton, Pioneer Women: Voices from the Kansas Frontier (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1981), 12.
Theodore Roosevelt on nationalizing irrigation projects: Roosevelt quoted in William Cronon, “Landscapes of Abundance and Scarcity,” in Clyde A. Milner II, Carol A. O’Connor, and Martha A. Sandweiss, eds., The Oxford History of the American West (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), 618.
John Muir on the damming of Hetch Hetchy: Muir quoted in Donald Worster, A Passion for Nature: The Life of John Muir (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 425.
Chapter 7: The worldly West
The Wall Street Journal on the 1965 Immigration Reform Act: Wall Street Journal quoted in Sarah Deutsch, George J. Sánchez, and Gary Okihiro, “Contemporary Peoples/Contested Places,” in Clyde A. Milner II, Carol A. O’Connor, and Martha A. Sandweiss, eds., The Oxford History of the American West (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), 646.
Chapter 8: The view from Hollywood
Sergio Leone on Westerns: Christopher Frayling Interview with Sergio Leone, in Christopher Frayling, Once upon a Time in Italy: The Westerns of Sergio Leone (New York: Abrams in association with the Autry National Center, 2005), 88.
1939 report by a federal housing agency on Boyle Heights: Home Owners Loan Corporation City Survey Files, quoted in George J. Sánchez, “‘What’s Good for Boyle Heights Is Good for the Jews’: Creating Multiculturalism on the Eastside during the 1950s,” American Quarterly 56 (2004): 637.
Theodore Roosevelt on manifest destiny: Theodore Roosevelt, Thomas Hart Benton (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1886), 35, 40, 175.