¹ Thucydides, Bk. I, ch. 17; Herodotus, Bk. VI, ch. 98.

¹ Carr-Saunders, A. M.: The Population Problem, pp. 116-17.

¹ Heard, Gerald: The Ascent of Humanity, pp. 277-8.

¹ Housman, A. E.: A Shropshire Lad, xxviii.

² Perhaps if Mr. Toynbee had been writing a few years later he would, at this point, have made an exception for the challenge of Japan.—EDITOR.

¹ Mr. Churchill called attention to this fact in his statement on India in the House of Commons on the ioth September, 1942. His remarks were bitterly attacked in the Indian nationalist press.—EDITOR.

¹ Sir Alfred Ewing, as reported in The Times, 1st September, 1933.