1. EVOLUTION: OF RICE AND MEN
1. Ray Kurzweil, The Age of Spiritual Machines (New York: Penguin Books, 2000), 36–37.
2. Author’s interview with John Seely Brown, June 2012.
3. The number is taken from two sources: “Smartphones in Use Surpass 1 Billion, Will Double by 2015,” Bloomberg, October 17, 2012, www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-10-17/smartphones-in-use-surpass-1-billion-will-double-by-2015 .html, and “Computers Sold in the World This Year,” Worldometers, April 1, 2013, www.worldometers.info/computers/.
4. Author’s interview with Alfred Spector, June 2012.
5. Author’s interview with Bill Buxton, June 2012.
6. “Founder of Singularity University Talks About His Unusual New Institution,” Chronicle of Higher Education, February 3, 2009, http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/founder-of-singularity-university-talks-about-his-unusual-new-institution/4506.
7. Hans Moravec, “When Will Computer Hardware Match the Human Brain?,” Journal of Evolution and Technology 1, 1998 (December 1997), www .transhumanist.com/volume1/moravec.htm.
8. Ibid.
9. “2045: The Year Man Becomes Immortal,” Time, February 10, 2011, www .time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2048299-1,00.html.
10. Ibid.
11. Author’s interview with Steve Sasson, December 2009.
12. “Mathematicians Predict the Future with Data from the Past,” Wired, April 10, 2013, www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2013/04/cliodynamics-peter-turchin/all/.
2. ECONOMICS: WIDGETS ARE LIKE THE AVENGERS
1. Angus Maddison, The World Economy (Paris: OECD Publishing, 2006), 25.
2. Ibid., 103.
3. Ibid., 261.
4. Google public data: www.google.ca/publicdata/explore?ds=d5bncppjof8f9 _&met_y=ny_gdp_mktp_cd&tdim=true&dl=en&hl=en&q=global+gdp. The International Monetary Fund estimates this to be higher, around $78 trillion, www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/02/.
5. As of December 5, 2012.
6. World Bank, “World Bank Sees Progress Against Extreme Poverty, but Flags Vulnerabilities,” February 29, 2012, http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:23130032~pagePK:64257043~piPK:437376~theSitePK:4607,00.html.
7. McKinsey Global Institute, “Internet Matters: The Net’s Sweeping Impact on Growth, Jobs and Prosperity,” May 2011, www.mckinsey.com/insights/mgi/research/technology_and_innovation/Internet_matters.
8. “Super Cycle Leaves No Economy Behind as Davos Shifts to Growth,” Bloomberg, January 23, 2011, www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-23/super-cycle-leaves-no-economy-behind-as-davos-shifts-to-growth-from-crisis.html.
9. “Top 10 Largest Economies in 2020,” Euromonitor International, July 7, 2010, http://blog.euromonitor.com/2010/07/special-report-top-10-largest-economies -in-2020.html.
10. “The Economic History of the Last 2,000 years in 1 Little Graph,” The Atlantic, June 19, 2012, www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/06/the-economic-history-of-the-last-2-000-years-in-1-little-graph/258676/.
11. PriceWaterhouseCoopers, “The World in 2050,” PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP, 2011, 24.
12. Ibid., 23.
13. “Super Cycle,” Bloomberg.
14. CNET, “Bill Gates Predicts No Poor Countries by 2035,” January 21,2014, http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57617531-93/bill-gates-predicts -no-poor-countries-by-2035/.
15. “For Richer, for Poorer,” The Economist, October 13, 2012, www.economist .com/node/21564414.
16. Ibid.
17. According to Box Office Mojo, http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id =avengers11.htm.
18. “Wealth of Billionaires Soars 14 percent Last Year to a Combined $6.2 Trillion While Everyone Else (Even Millionaires) Have Taken a Beating,” Daily Mail, September 18, 2012, www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2204829/Wealth-billionaires-soars-14-percent-year-combined-6-2TRILLION.html.
19. “The Age of Inequality,” New Scientist, July 2012, 44.
20. Ibid., 42.
21. “For Richer, for Poorer,” The Economist.
22. “Prisoner’s Dilemma,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, September 4, 1997, http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/prisoner-dilemma/.
23. Ernst Fehr and Urs Fischbacher, “The Nature of Human Altruism,” Nature, issue 425, October 23, 2003, 785–91, and Amos Tversky, Preference, Belief, and Similarity: Selected Writings (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2003).
24. Wikipedia is a good place to start for lists of wars by death toll: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_by_death_toll.
25. Estimate comes from “Afghanistan, Iraq Wars Killed 132,000 Civilians, Report Says,” Wired, June 29, 2011, www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/06/afghanistan-iraq-wars-killed-132000-civilians-report-says/, and iCasualty, http://icasualties.org/.
26. Compiled from Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_and_other_violent_events_by_death_toll#Terrorist_attacks.
27. “The Number of Armed Conflicts Increased Strongly in 2011,” Phys.org, July 13, 2012, http://phys.org/news/2012-07-armed-conflicts-strongly.html.
28. “Root Out Seeds of Terrorism in sub-Saharan Countries,” USA Today, April 14, 2003, http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/opinion/columnist/wickham/2003-04-14-wickham_x.htm.
29. “The Age of Inequality,” New Scientist, 44.
30. “Bacteria Use Chat to Play the ‘Prisoner’s Dilemma’ Game in Deciding Their Fate,” Science Daily, March 27, 2012, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/03/120327215704.htm.
31. Maddison, The World Economy, 19.
3. HEALTH: THE UNBEARABLE VAMPIRENESS OF BEING
1. According to the American Human Development Project’s Measure of America 2013-2014.
2. Author’s interview with Anne Rice, March 2013.
3. Angus Maddison, The World Economy (Paris: OECD Publishing, 2006), 31.
4. National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, www.ipss.go .jp/pp-newest/e/ppfj02/t_6_e.html.
5. Maddison, The World Economy, 31.
6. United Nations, World Population to 2300 (New York: United Nations, 2004), 25.
7. United Nations data can be found at: http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=world+population&d=PopDiv&f=variableID%3A53%3BcrID%3A900.
8. “History’s Mysteries: Why Do Birth Rates Decrease When Societies Modernize?,” Psychology Today, March 14, 2009, www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-narcissus-in-all-us/200903/history-s-mysteries-why-do-birth-rates-decrease-when-societies-m.
9. “The Best Story in Development,” The Economist, May 19, 2012, www .economist.com/node/21555571.
10. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, “Population Ageing and Development,” 2012.
11. Bradley Willcox, “Caloric Restriction, the Traditional Okinawan Diet, and Healthy Aging,” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1115, 2007, 434–55.
12. “Caloric Intake from Fast Food Among Adults: United States, 2007–2010,” Center for Disease Control NCHS Data Brief, Number 114, February 2013, www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db114.htm.
13. 1900–1970, US Public Health Service, Vital Statistics of the United States, annual, Vol. I and Vol II; 1971–2001, US National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Statistics of the United States, annual; National Vital Statistics Report (NVSR) (formerly Monthly Vital Statistics Report); and unpublished data, www .infoplease.com/ipa/A0922292.html.
14. Worldwide HIV & AIDS statistics, December 31, 2012, www.avert.org/worldstats.htm.
15. “Once Aids Was a Death Sentence. Now It’s Become a Way of Life,” The Independent, December 1, 2010, www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/once-aids-was-a-death-sentence-now-its-become-a-way-of-life-2148095.html.
16. NPR, “Two More Nearing AIDS ‘Cure’ After Bone Marrow Transplants, Doctors Say,” July 26, 2012, www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/07/26/157444649/two-more-nearing-aids-cure-after-bone-marrow-transplants-doctors-say.
17. “Dramatic Increase in Survival Rates for Some Cancer Types, Study Shows,” The Guardian, November 22, 2011, www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/nov/22/increase-survival-rates-cancer-types.
18. “A Crowded World’s Population Hits 7 Billion,” Reuters, October 31, 2011,www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/31/uk-population-baby-india-id USLNE79U04N20111031.
19. “Report: 40 Percent of Newborn Girls Will Live to 100,” U.S. News, January 23, 2012, www.usnews.com/news/articles/2012/01/23/report-40-percent-of-newborn-girls-will-live-to-100.
20. United Nations, “World Population to 2300,” New York, 2004, 1.
21. Ibid., 2.
22. Ibid., 27.
23. Transcendent Man: The Life and Ideas of Ray Kurzweil, Ptolemaic Productions, 2009.
24. “Generation of a Synthetic Memory Trace,” Science 335 (6,075), March 23, 2012, 1,513–16.
25. “Reconstructing Visual Experiences from Brain Activity Evoked by Natural Movies,” Current Biology 21 (19), September 22, 2011, www.cell.com/current-biology/abstract/S0960-9822%2811%2900937-7.
26. “Dramatic Increase in Survival Rates for Some Cancer Types, Study Shows,” The Guardian.
27. “Five Things We Learned at Ray Kurzweil’s Immortality Lecture,” The Grid, October 24, 2012, www.thegridto.com/city/local-news/five-things-we-learned-at-ray-kurzweil%E2%80%99s-immortality-lecture/.
28. David S. Jones, “The Burden of Disease and the Changing Task of Medicine,” New England Journal of Medicine, June 21, 2012, www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1113569.
29. Author’s interview with Eric Topol, June 2012.
30. According to Topol.
31. “IBM’s Watson Supercomputer to Diagnose Patients,” Computerworld, September 12, 2011, www.computerworld.com/s/article/9219937/IBM_s_Watson_supercomputer_to_diagnose_patients.
32. “Exclusive: Time Talks to Google CEO Larry Page About Its New Venture to Extend Human Life,” Time, September 18, 2013, http://business.time .com/2013/09/18/google-extend-human-life/.
4. JOBS: A MILLION LITTLE GOOGLES
1. “Better than Human: Why Robots Will—and Must—Take Our Jobs,” Wired, December 24, 2012, www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2012/12/ff-robots-will-take-our-jobs/all/.
2. Ibid.
3. CNET, “The Noodlebot Takes on China’s Noodle Chefs,” August 28, 2012, http://asia.cnet.com/the-noodlebot-takes-on-chinas-noodle-chefs-62218476 .htm.
4. Singularity Hub, “Robot Car Wars: Nissan Jumps into the Fray with Driverless Car by 2020,” September 9, 2013, http://singularityhub.com/2013/09/09/robot-car-wars-nissan-jumps-into-the-fray-with-driverless-car-by-2020/.
5. Andrew N. Rowan, The State of the Animals IV: 2007 (Washington, DC: The Humane Society of the United States, 2007), 176.
6. Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, Race Against the Machine: How the Digital Revolution Is Accelerating Innovation, Driving Productivity, and Irreversibly Transforming Employment and the Economy (Lexington, MA: Digital Frontier Press, 2011), 28.
7. Ibid., 29.
8. Ibid., 35.
9. “Jobless Rate Edges Down to Its Lowest Level in 4 Years,” New York Times, December 7, 2012, www.nytimes.com/2012/12/08/business/economy/us-creates-146000-new-jobs-as-unemployment-rate-falls-to-7-7.html?_r=0.
10. Brynjolfsson and McAfee, Race Against the Machine, 58.
11. Author’s interview with Jonathan Medved, October 2012.
12. Dan Senor and Saul Singer, Start-Up Nation: The Story of Israel’s Economic Miracle (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 2009), 11–13.
13. Ibid., 15.
14. Secondary author interview with Jonathan Medved, February 2013.
15. “Technology Sector Found to Be Growing Faster than Rest of US Economy,” The Guardian, December 6, 2012, www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/dec/06/technology-sector-growing-faster-economy.
16. “Start-ups—Present and Future,” CIBC report, September 25, 2012.
17. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2012 Global Report, 28.
18. Author’s interview with Colin Angus, April 2008.
19. “Start-ups—Present and Future,” CIBC report.
20. Brynjolfsson and McAfee, Race Against the Machine, 58.
21. United Way, “It’s More than Poverty: Employment Precarity and Household Well-being,” February 2013, www.unitedwaytoronto.com/downloads/whatwedo/reports/ItsMoreThanPovertySummary2013-02-09singles.pdf.
22. “Share of the Work Force in a Union Falls to a 97-Year Low, 11.3%,” New York Times, January 23, 2013.
5. ARTS: LONG LIVE THE DEAD BUFFALO
1. Estimates come from Jonathan Good’s 1000 Memories blog, “How Many Photos Have Ever Been Taken?” September 11, 2011, http://blog.1000memories .com/94-number-of-photos-ever-taken-digital-and-analog-in-shoebox.
2. A quick history of digital cameras can be found in my book Sex, Bombs, and Burgers: How War, Pornography, and Fast Food Have Shaped Modern Technology (Guilford, CT: Lyons Press, 2011), 179–81.
3. “There Will Soon Be One Smartphone for Every Five People in the World,”Business Insider, February 7, 2013, www.businessinsider.com/15-billion-smart phones-in-the-world-22013-2.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Facebook blog, “Capturing Growth: Photo Apps and Open Graph,” July 17, 2012, https://developers.facebook.com/blog/post/2012/07/17/capturing-growth--photo-apps-and-open-graph/.
7. The literacy figure comes from “Global Rate of Adult Literacy: 84 Percent, but 775 Million Still Can’t Read,” The Globe and Mail, September 7, 2012, www .theglobeandmail.com/news/world/global-rate-of-adult-literacy-84-percent-but-775-million-people-still-cant-read/article4528932/. The books published figure is from UNESCO, “World Information Report 1997/1998,” UNESCO Publishing, 1997, 318.
8. UNESCO, “World Information Report 1997/1998,” 320.
9. Floor 64 report, “The Sky Is Rising,” January 2012, 2.
10. “Self-Publishing Sees Massive Growth,” The Guardian, October 25, 2012, www.guardian.co.uk/books/2012/oct/25/self-publishing-publishing.
11. Nielsen, “Buzz in the Blogosphere: Millions More Bloggers and Blog Readers,” August 3, 2012, www.nielsen.com/us/en/newswire/2012/buzz-in-the-blogosphere-millions-more-bloggers-and-blog-readers.html.
12. “Global Rate of Adult Literacy,” The Globe and Mail.
13. “Recording History: The History of Recording Technology,” retrieved on April 23, 2012, www.recording-history.org/HTML/musicbiz2.php.
14. Brian J. Hracs, “A Creative Industry in Transition: The Rise of Digitally Driven Independent Music Production,” Growth and Change 43 (3), Wiley Periodicals, September 2012, 444.
15. Ibid., 445.
16. Ibid., 446.
17. “Business Matters: 75,000 Albums Released in U.S. in 2010—Down 22%from 2009,” Billboard.com, February 18, 2011, www.billboard.com/biz /articles/news/1179201/business-matters-75000-albums-released-in-us-in -2010-down-22-from-2009.
18. “Massive Growth in Independent Musicians & Singers Over the Past Decade,” Techdirt, May 30, 2013, www.techdirt.com/blog/casestudies/articles/20130529/15560423243/massive-growth-independent-musicians-singers-over-past-decade.shtml.
19. Hracs, “A Creative Industry in Transition,” 453–54.
20. Floor 64, “The Sky Is Rising,” 24.
21. Artists House Music, “Did More People Make Music in the Past?” November 2007, www.artistshousemusic.org/videos/did+more+people+make+music +in+the+past.
22. UNESCO Institute for Statistics, “From International Blockbusters to National Hits,” February 2012, 8–10.
23. Peter Lev, The Fifties: Transforming the Screen, 1950–1959 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006), 149. The Indian number comes from Cineplot, http://cineplot.com/indian-films-1941-1950/.
24. Scott Kirsner, Inventing the Movies: Hollywood’s Epic Battle Between Innovation and the Status Quo, from Thomas Edison to Steve Jobs (Boston: CinemaTech Books, 2008), 199.
25. Numbers are drawn from “The Sundance Odds Get Even Longer,” New York Times, January 16, 2005, http://donswaim.com/nytimes.moviescripts.html, The Hollywood Reporter, “Sundance Film Festival Unveils 2012 Competition Lineup,” November 30, 2011, www.hollywoodreporter.com/risky-business/sundance-festival-2012-lineup-267587, and Benjamin Craig, Cannes: A Festival Virgin’s Guide (London: Cinemagine Media Publishing, 1999), 68.
26. YouTube press statistics, accessed on April 16, 2012, www.youtube.com/yt/press/statistics.html.
27. Author’s interview with Patrick Boivin, April 2013.
28. Entertainment Software Association facts, www.theesa.com/facts/, accessed on April 30, 2013.
29. Floor 64, “The Sky Is Rising,” 31.
30. AtariAge.com lists 418 as the total number of games for the 2600,http://atariage.com/forums/blog/279/entry-5704-how-many-atari-2600-games -are-there-answer-418/.
31. Floor 64, “The Sky Is Rising,” 32.
32. Ibid., 1.
33. Media Molecule blog, “LittleBigPlanet: The Road to 7 Million Levels,” www .mediamolecule.com/blog/article/littlebigplanet_the_road_to_7_million_levels/.
34. Author’s interview with David Smith, March 2013.
6. RELATIONSHIPS: SUPERFICIAL DEGREES OF KEVIN BACON
1. OECD family database 2010, www.oecd.org/els/soc/oecdfamilydatabase .htm#structure.
2. Ibid.
3. Barbara Settles, “The One Child Policy and Its Impact on Chinese Families,” prepared for XV World Congress of Sociology in Brisbane, 2002, 18.
4. Ibid., 15.
5. Ibid., 9.
6. Ibid., 12.
7. James Lloyd, “The State of Intergenerational Relations Today,” London, ILC-UK, 2008, 1–3.
8. Ibid., 4–19.
9. “Social Networks, Small and Smaller,” New York Times, April 14, 2012, www .nytimes.com/2012/04/15/business/path-familyleaf-and-pair-small-by-design-social-networks.html.
10. Facebook blog, “Anatomy of Facebook,” November 21, 2011, www.facebook .com/notes/facebook-data-team/anatomy-of-facebook/10150388519243859.
11. “You Gotta Have Friends? Most Have Just 2 Pals,” Reuters, November 4, 2011, http://vitals.nbcnews.com/_news/2011/11/04/8637894-you-gotta-have-friends-most-have-just-2-true-pals, and Live Science, “Americans Lose Touch, Report Fewer Close Friends,” June 23, 2006, www.livescience.com/846-amer icans-lose-touch-report-close-friends.html.
12. OECD family database 2010.
13. NPR, “Marrying Age in the United States,” www.npr.org/news/graphics/2009/jun/marriage/.
14. OECD family database 2010.
15. “Tying the Knot: The Changing Face of Marriage in Japan,” Trends in Japan, July 28, 1998, http://web-japan.org/trends98/honbun/ntj980729.html.
16. “Indians Swear by Arranged Marriages,” India Today, March 4, 2013, http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indians-swear-by-arranged-marriages/1/252496.html.
17. “Finding Harmony Between Marriage and Technology,” Huffington Post, April 24, 2011, www.huffingtonpost.com/steve-cooper/finding-harmony-between-m_b_841496.html.
18. “Wives Who Confide Their Troubles Are Found to Strengthen Marriages,” New York Times, July 12, 1966.
19. Online dating numbers found at Statistic Brain, www.statisticbrain.com/online-dating-statistics/.
20. Ibid.
21. “Online Dating Sheds Its Stigma as Losers.com,” New York Times, June 29, 2003, www.nytimes.com/2003/06/29/us/online-dating-sheds-its-stigma-as-loserscom.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm.
22. Author’s interview with Noel Biderman, June 2013.
23. Kinsey Institute, “Frequently Asked Sexuality Questions to the Kinsey Institute,” www.kinseyinstitute.org/resources/FAQ.html#relation.
24. Jeremy Greenwood and Nezih Guner, “Social Change: The Sexual Revolution,” International Economic Review 51 (4), November 2010, 893–915.
25. “Average Man Has 9 Sexual Partners in Lifetime, Women Have 4,” The Telegraph, December 15, 2011, www.telegraph.co.uk/women/sex/sexual-health-and-advice/8958520/Average-man-has-9-sexual-partners-in-lifetime-women-have-4.html.
26. Author’s interview with Bryant Paul, May 2013.
27. “A Cock and Bull Story,” Slate, September 2, 2006, www.slate.com/articles/arts/the_undercover_economist/2006/09/a_cockandbull_story.html.
28. “Is Anal the New Oral?” Marie Claire, May 3, 2011, www.marieclaire.com/sex-love/relationship-issues/anal-sex-popularity.
29. Author’s interview with Sherry Turkle, August 2012.
7. IDENTITY: GOD IS THE MACHINE
1. Author’s interview with Tracy Ann Kosa, May 2013.
2. Tracy Ann Kosa, Khalil el-Khalib, and Stephen Marsh, “Measuring Privacy,” Journal of Internet Services and Information Security 1(4), November 2011, 60–73.
3. Author’s interview with John Weigelt, June 2012.
4. Author’s interview with Jennifer Stoddart, June 2012.
5. “‘Sexual Depravity’ of Penguins That Antarctic Scientist Dared Not Reveal,” The Guardian, June 9, 2012, www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/jun/09/sex-depravity-penguins-scott-antarctic.
6. Author’s interview with Ian Kerr, June 2012.
7. Pew Research Center, “Teens, Social Media and Privacy,” May 21, 2013, 8, 47.
8. Syracuse.com, “Police Cameras Studies Look at Long-Term Effects on Crime,” March 5, 2013, www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2013/03/police_cameras_studies_look_at.html.
9. Mikael Priks, “Do Surveillance Cameras Affect Unruly Behavior? A Close Look at Grandstands,” CESifo Working Paper Series No. 2289, April 2008, www.ne.su.se/polopoly_fs/1.40116.1320678202!/menu/standard/file/Paper2Cameras.pdf.
10. i09, “People Under Surveillance Are More Likely to Condemn ‘Bad Behav-ior’ in Others,” June 17, 2011, http://io9.com/5813160/people-under-surveil lance-are-more-likely-to-condemn-bad-behavior-in-others.
11. Author’s interview with Ron Deibert, June 2013.
12. American Civil Liberties Union, “Does Surveillance Affect Us When We Can’t Confirm We’re Being Watched? Lessons from Behind the Iron Curtain,” October 15, 2012, www.aclu.org/blog/national-security/does-surveillance-affect-us-even-when-we-cant-confirm-were-being-watched.
13. Cartome.org, “Panopticon,” http://cartome.org/panopticon2.htm.
8. BELIEF: ARE ONE-EYED CYLONS MYOPIC?
1. Author’s interview with Noh Yu, July 2013.
2. Pippa Norris and Robert Inglehart, “Gods, Guns and Gays,” Public Policy Research, January 2006.
3. Gallup, “Religiosity Highest in World’s Poorest Nations,” August 31, 2010, www.gallup.com/poll/142727/religiosity-highest-world-poorest-nations.aspx.
4. CBC.ca, “Do Countries Lose Religion as They Gain Wealth?” March 12, 2013, www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2013/03/05/f-religion-economic-growth.html.
5. Tom Smith, “Beliefs About God across Time and Countries,” report for ISSP and GESIS, April 18, 2012.
6. CBC.ca, “Do Countries Lose Religion as They Gain Wealth?”
7. Daniel Abrams and Haley Yaple, “A Mathematical Model of Social Group Competition with Application to the Growth of Religious Non-Affiliation,” arXiv:1012.1375v2, January 14, 2011.
8. Author’s interview with Anne Rice, June 2013.
9. Author’s interview with Shane Schick, April 2013.
10. “Hard Times in the Death Business,” Business Weekly, May 8, 2012, http://businessweekly.readingeagle.com/hard-times-in-the-death-business/.
11. “Cremations Increase as Attitudes Change,” Worldwide Religious News,June 14, 2010, http://wwrn.org/.articles/33616/?&place=north-america§ion=other.
12. “Hard Times in the Death Business,” Business Weekly.
13. James N. Gardner, The Intelligent Universe: AI, ET, and the Emerging Mind of the Cosmos (Franklin Lakes, NJ: New Page Books, 2007), 15.
9. HAPPINESS: IT’S ALWAYS SUNNY IN COSTA RICA
1. “Addiction: a Loss of Plasticity in the Brain?,” Science Daily, June 25, 2010, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/06/100624140912.htm.
2. “World Happiness Report,” edited by John Helliwell, Richard Layard, and Jeffrey Sachs, The Earth Institute, 2012, 19.
3. Ibid., 70.
4. Ibid., 71.
5. “World Giving Report,” Charities Aid Foundation, 2012, 6.
6. The World Bank and CIA both measure it, but differently.
7. Legatum Institute, “The 2012 Legatum Prosperity Index,” www.prosperity.com/Subindexes-2.aspx.
8. Marriage rates are from “World Happiness Report,” 76, while religion rates are from Nationmaster.com, www.nationmaster.com/country/da-denmark/rel-religion.
9. Author’s interview with Peter Gundelach, March 2013.
10. Author’s interview with Alexander Kjerulf, March 2013.
11. Author’s interview with Tor Nørretranders, March 2013.
12. “World Happiness Report,” 111.
13. Human Rights House, “Plight of the Lhotshampas,” July 11, 2007, http://humanrightshouse.org/Articles/8133.html.
14. “World Happiness Report,” 145.
10. CONCLUSION: MARX WAS RIGHT (SORT OF)
1. Author’s interview with John Seely Brown.
2. “Why We’re Shutting Off Our Comments,” Popular Science, September 24,2013, www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-09/why-were-shutting-our-comments.
3. Robert Wright, Nonzero: The Logic of Human Destiny (New York: Pantheon Books, 2000), 7.
4. “Adopting Kin Enhances Inclusive Fitness in Asocial Red Squirrels,” Nature Communications, issue 1, article no. 22, June 1, 2010, www.nature.com/ncomms/journal/v1/n3/full/ncomms1022.html.
5. “Evolution of Adaptive Behaviour in Robots by Means of Darwinian Selection,” PLOS.org, January 26, 2010, www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000292;jsessionid=68EAEA2BB53C385BD6D7A0A1C47860D6.ambra02.