A

Primary Sources

1. Bible

Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, ed. K. Elliger and W. Rudolph. 5th edn. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1997 [1967].

Septuaginta: Id est Vetus Testamentum Graece iuxta LXX interpres, ed. A. Rahlfs. 2 vols. in 1. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1979 [1935].

Novum Testamentum Graece, ed. B. Aland, K. Aland, J. Karavidopoulos, C. M. Martini, and B. M. Metzger. 27th edn. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1993 [1898].

The Holy Bible with the Books called Apocrypha: The Revised Version with the Revised Marginal References. Oxford: OUP, n.d. [1898].

The Holy Bible, Containing the Old and New Testaments with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version. New York and Oxford: OUP, 1989.

2. Other Jewish Texts

The Mishnah, Translated from the Hebrew with Introduction and Brief Explanatory Notes, ed. and tr. H. Danby. Oxford: OUP, 1933.

The Babylonian Talmud, ed. I. Epstein. 36 vols. London: Soncino, 1935–8.

The Minor Tractates of the Talmud, ed. A. Cohen. 2 vols. London: Soncino, 1965.

Midrash Rabbah, tr. and ed. H. Freedman and M. Simon. 2nd edn. 10 vols. London: Soncino, 1951 [1939].

Pesikta Rabbati, ed. M. Friedman. Vienna: Kaiser, 1880.

Pirḳê de Rabbi Eliezer, tr. and ed. Gerald Friedlander. New York: Hermon Press, 1965.

(For other rabbinic literature, and details of Targumim, etc., cf. Schürer 1.68–118.)

The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, ed. J. H. Charlesworth. 2 vols. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1983–85.

The Apocryphal Old Testament, ed. H. F. D. Sparks. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984.

The Authorised Daily Prayer Book of the United Hebrew Congregations of the British Commonwealth of Nations, tr. S. Singer. New edn. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1962.

Josephus: Works, ed. H. St. J. Thackeray, R. Marcus, A. Wikgren and L. H. Feldman. 9 vols. LCL, 1929–65.

Philo: Works, ed. F. H. Colson, G. H. Whitaker, J. W. Earp and R. Marcus. 12 vols. LCL, 1929–53.

Qumran: Discoveries in the Judaean Desert, ed. D. Barthélemy et al. 39 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1955–2002.

———, Die Texte aus Qumran, ed. E. Lohse. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1964.

———, The Dead Sea Scrolls. Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek Texts with English Translations, ed. J. H. Charlesworth. 10 vols. Tübingen: Mohr-Siebeck; Louisville: Westminster, 1994–.

———, tr.: F. García Martínez, The Dead Sea Scrolls Translated: The Qumran Texts in English. Leiden: Brill, 1994.

———, tr.: G. Vermes, The Dead Sea Scrolls in English. 4th edn. London: Penguin Books, 1995 [1962].

3. Other Early Christian and Related Texts

Apostolic Fathers: The Apostolic Fathers, ed. and tr. J. B. Lightfoot. 5 vols. London: Macmillan, 1889–90. Reprint: Peabody, Mass.: Hendrikson, 1989.

———, The Apostolic Fathers, ed. and tr. Kirsopp Lake. 2 vols. LCL, 1965.

———, Early Christian Writings, tr. Maxwell Staniforth, introd. and ed. by A. Louth. London: Penguin Books, 1968.

———, The Apostolic Fathers, 2nd edn, tr. J. B. Lightfoot and J. R. Harmer, ed. and rev. Michael W. Holmes. Leicester: Apollos; Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker, 1989.

Athenagoras: in ANF 2.123–62; and see under Justin.

Augustine, City of God: De Civitate Dei Libri XXII, ed. B. Dombart and A. Kalb. Stuttgart: Teubner, 1981.

———, tr. in NPNF, 1st ser., 2.1–511.

———, City of God, tr. H. Bettenson. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972.

Commodian: in ANF 4.199–219.

Epiphanius, Panarion, tr. and ed. F. Williams. Nag Hammadi Studies 35 and 36. Leiden: Brill, 1987–94.

Eusebius: Eusebius. The Ecclesiastical History, ed. and tr. Kirsopp Lake, H. J. Lawlor and J. E. L. Oulton. 2 vols. LCL, 1973–5.

———, Life of Constantine, in NPNF 2nd series, 1.481–559.

Gospel of the Savior: The Gospel of the Savior: A New Ancient Gospel, ed. Charles W. Hedrick and Paul A. Mirecki. Santa Rosa, Ca.: Polebridge, 1999.

Hippolytus: in ANF 5.9–259.

Irenaeus: in ANF 1.309–578.

Jerome, Liber de Viris Illustribus, in PL 23.602–719.

Justin: in ANF 1.159–306.

———, The Writings of Justin Martyr and Athenagoras, tr. M. Dods, G. Reith and B. P. Pratten. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1870.

———, St. Justin Martyr: The First and Second Apologies, tr. and introd. L. W. Barnard. New York and Mahwah, N. J.: Paulist Press.

Melito of Sardis: On Pascha and Fragments: Melito of Sardis, ed. and tr. S. G. Hall. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979.

Methodius: in PG 18.9–408.

Minucius Felix: in ANF 4.169–98; and see under Tertullian.

Nag Hammadi texts: The Nag Hammadi Library in English, ed. J. M. Robinson. Leiden: Brill; San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1977.

New Testament Apocrypha, ed. E. Hennecke and W. Schneemelcher. 2 vols. London: SCM Press; Philadelphia: Westminster, 1963–5 [1959–64].

———, The Apocryphal New Testament: Being the Apocryphal Gospels, Acts, Epistles, and Apocalypses, tr. M. R. James. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924.

———, in The Other Gospels: Non-Canonical Gospel Texts, ed. Ronald D. Cameron. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1987.

———, in The Complete Gospels: Annotated Scholars Version, ed. R. J. Miller. Sonoma, Ca.: Polebridge, 1992.

———, The Apocryphal New Testament: A Collection of Apocryphal Christian Literature in an English Translation based on M. R. James, ed. J. K. Elliott. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.

Odes of Solomon: The Odes of Solomon, ed. and tr. J. H. Charlesworth. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1973.

———, The Odes of Solomon: The Syriac Texts, ed. J. H. Charlesworth. Chico, Ca.: Scholars Press, 1977.

Origen: in ANF 4.223–669.

———, Origen: Contra Celsum. Translated with an Introduction and Notes, ed. H. Chadwick. Cambridge: CUP, 1953.

Photius: Bibliothèque, ed. R. Henry. 9 vols. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1959–91; ref. by page, col. and line in Photii Bibliotheca, ed. I. Bekker. Berlin: Reimeri, 1824.

Rheginos: The Epistle to Rheginos: A Valentinian Letter on the Resurrection, introd., tr., etc. Malcolm L. Peel. London: SCM Press, 1969.

Tatian: in ANF 2.59–83.

Tertullian: in ANF 3.1–4.166.

———, Apology & De Spectaculis, tr. T. R. Glover, with Minucius Felix, Octavius, tr. G. H. Rendall. LCL, 1931.

Theodoret: in NPNF, 2nd. ser., vol. 3; PG 80–84.

Theophilus: in ANF 2.85–121.

Thomas: The Gospel According to Thomas, ed. A. Guillaumont et al. Leiden: Brill; London: Collins, 1959.

———, in several New Testament Apocrypha collections (above).

4. Pagan Texts

Achilles Tatius: in Collected Ancient Greek Novels, ed. B. P. Reardon. Berkeley: U. of California Press, 1989, 170–284.

Aelian, Historical Miscellany, tr. N. G. Wilson. LCL, 1997.

Aelius Aristides, Panathenaic Oration, etc., ed. C. A. Behr. 4 vols. LCL, 1973–86.

Aeneas of Gaza: Epistole/Enea di Gaza, ed. L. M. Positano. 2nd edn. Naples: Libreria scientifica editrice, 1962 [1950].

Aeschylus, tr. and ed. H. Weir Smyth and H. Lloyd-Jones. 2 vols. LCL, 1956–7 [1922–6].

Alcaeus: Alcée: Fragments, tr. Gauthier Liberman. 2 vols. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1999.

Antiphanes, Aphrodisias, ed. T. Kock. CAF 2.31–3.

Antonius Diogenes: in Ancient Greek Novels: The Fragments. Introduction, Text, Translation, and Commentary, S. A. Stephens and J. J. Winkler, eds. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton U. P, 1995, 101–57.

Apollodorus, The Library, tr. J. G. Frazer 2 vols. LCL, 1921.

Apuleius: Apuleius, the Golden Ass, or Metamorphoses, tr. and ed. E. J. Kenney. London: Penguin, 1998.

Aristophanes, ed. J. Henderson. 4 vols. LCL, 1998–2002.

———, Fragments: in Poetae Comici Graeci, ed. R. Kassel and C. Austin. 2 vols. 1983–91.

Aristotle, De Anima: On the Soul, ed. W. S. Hett. LCL, 1936.

———, Nicomachean Ethics, ed. H. Rackham. LCL, 1926.

———, The Ethics of Aristotle, tr. J. A. K. Thomson. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1955.

———, Historia Animalium, ed. A. L. Peck and D. M. Balme. 3 vols. LCL, 1965–91.

Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, tr. P. A. Brunt. 2 vols. LCL, 1976–83.

Artemidorus, The Interpretation of Dreams (Oneirocritica), tr. and com. Robert J. White. Park Ridge, N. J.: Noyes Press, 1975.

Augustus, see under Velleius Paterculus.

Caesar, The Conquest of Gaul, tr. S. A. Haniford, rev. J. F. Gardner. London: Penguin, 1982 [1951].

———, The Gallic War, ed. H. J. Edwards. LCL, 1917.

Callimachus, Hymns and Epigrams, tr. G. R. Mair. LCL, 1921.

Cassius Dio: see Dio Cassius.

Catullus: The Poems of Catullus, ed. and tr. Guy Lee. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

———, Catullus, ed. and tr. G. P. Goold. London: Duckworth, 1983.

———, Catullus, Tibullus and Pervigilium Veneris, tr. F. W. Cornish et al. LCL, 1962.

Celsus: Celsus on the True Doctrine: A Discourse Against the Christians, tr. and introd. R. J. Hoffmann. New York/Oxford: OUP, 1987.

———, see also under Origen.

Chariton, Callirhoe, ed. G. P. Goold. LCL, 1995.

Cicero, De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, tr. H. Rackham. LCL, 1914.

———, De Natura Deorum: Cicero: The Nature of the Gods, tr. H. C. P. McGregor. London: Penguin, 1972.

———, De Natura Deorum and Academica, ed. H. Rackham. LCL, 1933.

———, De Re Publica, De Legibus, tr. C. W. Keyes. LCL, 1928.

———, Tusculan Disputations, tr. J. E. King. LCL, 1927.

Dio: Dio Chrysostom, ed. and tr. J. W. Cohoon and H. L. Crosbie. 5 vols. LCL, 1932–51.

Dio Cassius: Dio’s Roman History, tr. H. B. Foster and E. Cary. 9 vols. LCL, 1914–27.

Diodorus Siculus, tr. C. H. Oldfather et al. 10 vols. LCL, 1933–67.

Diogenes Laertius, Lives of Eminent Philosophers, tr. R. D. Hicks. 2 vols. LCL, 1925.

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities, tr. E. Spelman and E. Cary. 7 vols. LCL, 1937–50.

The Egyptian Book of the Dead: The Book of Going Forth Day by Day, tr. R. Faulkner, introd. O. Goelet. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1994.

Epictetus: The Discourses as reported by Arrian, the Manual, and Fragments, ed. and tr. W. A. Oldfather. 2 vols. LCL, 1978–9.

Epicurus: Epicurea, ed. H. Usener. Dubuque, Iowa: Reprint Library, n.d. [1887].

———, Letters, Principal Doctrines, and Vatican Sayings, tr. and ed. R. M. Geer. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1964.

Euripides: Euripides, tr. and ed. D. Kovacs. 5 vols. LCL, 1994–2002.

Galen, On the Natural Faculties, tr. A. J. Brock. LCL, 1952.

Heliodorus: Heliodori Aethiopica, ed. A. Colonna. Rome: Typis Regiae Officinae Polygraphicae, 1938.

Hellanicus: in FrGrHist. 1.104–52.

Herodas, Herodae Mimiambi: Cum Appendice Fragmentorum Mimorum Papyraceorum, ed. I. C. Cunningham. Leipzig: Teubner, 1987.

Herodotus, History of Greece, tr. A. D. Godley. 4 vols. LCL, 1921–5.

———, Herodoti Historiae, ed. C. Hude. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, n.d.

———, Herodotus: The Histories, tr. A. de Sélincourt. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1954.

Hesiod, Works and Days, ed. with Prolegomena and Commentary by M. L. West. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978.

Hierocles Platonicus (C5 AD), In Carmen Aureum: in Fragmenta Philosophorum Graecorum, ed. F. W. A. Mullach, 1.416–84. Paris: Didot, 1860–81.

Homer, The Iliad, tr. A. T. Murray, rev. W. F. Wyatt. 2 vols. LCL, 1999 [1924–5].

———, The Odyssey, tr. A. T. Murray, rev. G. E. Dimock, 2 vols. LCL, 1995 [1919].

Horace: The Satires of Horace, ed. A. Palmer. London: Macmillan, 1885.

———, Horace: Satires and Epistles; Perseus: Satires, tr. and ed. N. Rudd. Rev. edn. London: Penguin, 1987 [1973].

Hyginus: Fables, ed. and tr. J.-Y. Boriaud. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1997.

Juvenal: Juvenal and Persius, tr. G. G. Ramsay. LCL, 1920.

———, Juvenal. The Sixteen Satires, tr. and introd. P. Green. London: Penguin Books, 1974 [1967].

Livy, History of Rome, tr. A. C. Schlesinger et al. 14 vols. LCL, 1919–59.

Lucian: Lucian of Samosata, ed. and tr. A. M. Harmon et al. 8 vols. LCL, 1921–67.

Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, tr. W. H. D. Rouse, rev. M. F. Smith. LCL, 1992 [1975].

Marcus Aurelius: Marcus Aurelius, ed. and tr. C. R. Haines. LCL, rev. edn. 1930 [1916]

Menander: Menandri Reliquae Selectae, ed. F. H. Sandbach. 1990.

———, Menander, tr. F. G. Allinson. LCL, 1964.

Ovid, Fasti, tr. J. G. Frazer. LCL, 1931.

———, Heroides and Amores, tr. G. Showerman, 1914; 2nd edn., ed. G. P. Goold. LCL, 1977.

———, Metamorphoses, tr. F. J. Miller. 2 vols. LCL, 1916.

Pausanias, Description of Greece, tr. and ed. W. Jones. 5 vols. LCL, 1918–35.

Petronius, see Seneca

Pherecydes of Athens: in FrGrHist. 1.58–104.

Philostratus, Heroikos, ed. L. de Lannoy. Leipzig: Teubner, 1977 (retaining the pagination of the 1870–71 edn. of Kayser).

———, The Life of Apollonius of Tyana, tr. F. C. Conybeare. 2 vols. LCL, 1912.

Pindar, Odes, etc. tr. J. Sandys. LCL, 1938.

Plato, Cratylus, Parmenides, Greater Hippias, Lesser Hippias, ed. H. N. Fowler. LCL, 1926.

———, Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, Phaedrus, tr. H. N. Fowler. LCL, 1914.

———, Laches, Protagoras, Meno, Euthydemus, ed. W. R. M. Lamb. LCL, 1924.

———, Laws, tr. R. G. Bury. 2 vols. LCL, 1926.

———, Lysis, Symposium, Gorgias, tr. W. R. M. Lamb. LCL, 1925.

———, Politicus, Philebus, Ion, tr. H. N. Fowler and W. R. M. Lamb. LCL, 1925.

———, Platonis Res Publico, tr. J. Burnet. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902.

———, The Republic, tr. P. Shorey. LCL, 1935.

———, Timaeus, Critias, Cleitophon, Menexenus, Epistles, tr. R. G. Bury. LCL, 1929.

———, The Collected Dialogues, Including the Letters, ed. E. Hamilton and H. Cairns. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton U. P., 1963 [1961].

Pliny the Elder, Natural History, tr. H. Rackham et al. 10 vols. LCL, 1938–62.

Pliny the Younger: C. Plini Caecili Secundi Epistularum Libri Decem, ed. R. A. B. Mynors. Oxford: OUP, 1963.

———, The Letters of the Younger Pliny, tr. and introd. B. Radice. London: Penguin Books, 1963.

Plotinus, tr. A. H. Armstrong. 7 vols. LCL, 1966–88.

Plutarch, Lives, tr. B. Perrin. 11 vols. LCL, 1914–26.

———, Moralia, tr. F. C. Babbitt et al. 16 vols. LCL, 1927–69.

Polybius, Histories, tr. W. R. Paton. 6 vols. LCL, 1922–7

Ptolemy, Apotelesmatica, ed. F. Boll and E. Boer. Leipzig: Teubner, 1940

Sallust, Catiline, tr. J. C. Rolfe. LCL, 1921.

Seneca, Tragedies, tr. F. J. Miller. 2 vols. LCL, 1917.

———, Apocolocyntosis (with Petronius, Satyricon), tr. W. H. D. Rouse and E. H. Warmington. LCL, 1969 [1913].

———, Apocolocyntosis, ed. P. T. Eden. Cambridge: CUP, 1984.

———, Moral Essays, tr. J. W. Basore. 3 vols. LCL, 1928–35.

———, Epistulae Morales, tr. R. M. Gummere. 3 vols. LCL, 1917–25.

———, L. Annaei Senecae Tragoediae. Incertum Auctorum: Hercules [Oetaeus]; Octavia, ed. O. Zwierlin. Oxford. Clarendon Press, 1986.

Servius: Servianorum in Vergilii Carmina Commentarium, ed. A. F. Stocker, A. H. Travis, et al. 3 vols. Oxford: OUP, 1965.

Sophocles, ed. H. Lloyd Jones. 2 vols. LCL, 1994.

Strabo, The Geography of Strabo, tr. H. L. Jones. 8 vols. LCL, 1917–32.

Suetonius: C. Suetoni Tranquili Opera, vol. 1. De Vita Caesarum Libri VIII. Ed. M. Ihm. Stuttgart: Teubner, 1978 [1908].

———, Suetonius, tr. J. C. Rolfe. 2nd edn. 2 vols. LCL, 1997–8 [1913–14].

———, Suetonius. The Twelve Caesars, tr. R. Graves. London: Penguin Books, 1957.

Tacitus, Annals: Cornelii Taciti Annalium ab Excessu Divi Augusti Libri, ed. C. D. Fisher. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906.

———, Tacitus. The Annals of Imperial Rome, tr. M. Grant. London: Penguin Books, 1956.

———, Histories: Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri, ed. C. D. Fisher. Oxford: Clarendon Press, n.d.

———, Tacitus. The Histories, tr. K. Wellesley. London: Penguin Books, 1964.

———, Agricola, Germania, Dialogus, tr. M. Hutton and W. Peterson; rev. by R. M Ogilvie, E. H. Warmington, and M. Winterbottom. LCL, 1970 [1914].

———, Histories and Annals, tr. C. H. Moore and J. Jackson. 4 vols. LCL, 1925–37.

Themistius: Themistii Orationes, ed. G. Downey and A. F. Norman. 3 vols. Leipzig: Teubner, 1965–74.

Thucydides: Thucydidis Historiae, ed. H. S. Jones. 2 vols. Oxford: OUP, 1898.

———, Thucydides: History of the Peloponnesian War, tr. R. Warner. London: Penguin Books, 1954.

Valerius Maximus, Memorable Doings and Sayings, tr. D. R. Shackleton Bailey. LCL, 2000.

Velleius Paterculus, Compendium of Roman History, and the Res Gestae Divi Augusti, tr. F. W. Shipley. LCL, 1924.

Virgil, Eclogues, Georgics, Aeneid and the Minor Poems, tr. H. R. Fairclough, rev. G. P. Goold. 2 vols. LCL, 1999 [1916–18].

Vitruvius, On Architecture, tr. F. Granger. 2 vols. LCL, 1931–4.

Xenophanes: Senofane: Testimonianze e Frammenti, ed. M. Untersteiner. Florence: ‘La Nuova Italia’ Editrice, 1956.

Xenophon, Memorabilia and Oeconomicus, tr. E. C. Marchant. LCL, 1923.

———, Symposium and Apology, tr. O. J. Todd. LCL, 1922.

Xenophon of Ephesus: in Collected Ancient Greek Novels, ed. B. P. Reardon. Berkeley: U. of California Press, 1989, 125–69.